1、南宁市2014高考英语一轮（暑假） 阅读理解训练（8）及答案阅读理解主旨大意Passage * For her first twenty-four year, shed been known as Deb bie-a name that didnt suit her good looks and elegant manner. My name has always made me think I should Be a cheer leader, She complained. I just dont feel like a Debbie! One day, while filling out
2、 an application form for publishing job, the young woman suddenly changed middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie. That was the smartest thing I ever did, She says now. As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie. I feh more comfortable with myself., and other people started to take me more ser
3、iously. Two years after her successful job interview, the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor friends and associates call her Lynne. Naturally, the name change didnt cause Debbie/I.ynnes professional achievement but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence (自信) to
4、her talents. Social scientists say that what youre called can affect your life. Throughout history, names have not only identified people But also described them. . As his name is, so is he. says the Bible. For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserves, simpleness or charm may be s
5、uggested by your name and encourageother people before they even meet you.Of course, names with a good sense can work for you even encouraging new acquaintances. A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name, while women believed Richard and David were
6、the most attractive to men. One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because he sounded dull. Several evenings later she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very nice man with whom they looked at each other all evening. Oh, I said. You mean Harry? She
7、was ill at ease. 1. Debbies changing her name_. A. had actually little to do with her career B. was what she happened to do when filling out the form C. did have an effect on her success D. entirely contributed to her luck 答案: C 指导：由第三段第一句话可知A错，B和D不准确。2. The author introduced Harry to the woman_. A.
8、 at the request of the woman herself B. to tell her that names didnt matter really C. to make her feel uneasy in mind D. the person is more important than his/her name 答案: A 指导：由最后一段中“pressing for an in troduction to a very nice man”推测可知。presssbto do sth敦促某人做某事。3. The name Debbie may be connected wi
9、th something_. A. huge B. quiet C. dull D. attractive 答案: A 指导：cheerleader指带领观众欢呼的人，即常说的拉拉队队长，这样的人在生活中往往是又高又大、体格健壮的人，而作者说她的名字往往使她想起这个词。4. The best possible tide for the passage may be_ A. Names are the most important B. Your name is your fortune C. Dont care much for names D. Names and making friend
10、s 答案: B 指导：本文主要通过Debbie的例子说明名字给人带来的影响，故B最符合文意。*结束【阅读理解细节事实】Passage * Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator, operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular
11、 in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than ci- vilian (百姓的)clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The tel- evision repairman who wears a unif
12、orm tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many
13、 practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deduct ible(可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experi-
14、enced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some prac
15、tical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rath- er than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 1. It is surprisin
16、g that Americans who worship variety and indi viduality _. A. still judge a man by his clothes B. hold the uniform in such high regard C. enjoy having a professional identity D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform 答案: B 指导：这篇文章主要讲述崇尚个性、崇尚多样化的美国人为何爱穿制服，以及制服所带来的利弊，是一道辨别事实
17、题。由第一段第一句“Americans are proud Of their variety and individuality，yet they love and respect few things more than auniform”可知应选B项。2. People are accustomed to think that armn in uniform_. A. suggests quality work B. discards his social identity C. appears to be more practical D. looks superior to a per
18、son in civilian clothes 答案: A 指导：由第二段第二句People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears auniform”可判断A项正确。*结束阅读理解-细节事实Passage 2 How Long Can People Live? She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on
19、 her 121st birthday.When it comes to long life. Jeanne Calment is the worlds recordholder. She lived to the ripe old age of 122. So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span(寿命)? If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150or beyond
20、? Researchers dont entirely agree on the answers. Calment lived to 122, so it wouldnt surprise me if someone alive today reaches 130 or 135, says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas. Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees. People can live much longer than we think, he says. Experts used to
21、 say that humans couldnt live past 110. When Calment blewpast that age, they raised the number to 120. So why cant we go higher? The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that its all just guessing. Anyone can make up a number, says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan. Usually
22、 the scientist who picks the highest number gets his name in Time magazine. Wont new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centu ries? Any cure, says Miller, for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 120. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span of mice
23、by 50 percent at most. So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller, adding another 50 percent would get you to 120. So what can we conclude from this little disagreement a mong the researchers? That life span is flexible (有弹性的) but there is a limit, says George Martin of the Un
24、iversity of says. But a flys never going to live 150 years. Of course, if you became a new species(物种) , one that ages at a slower speed, that would be a different story, he adds. Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve (进化) their way to longer life? its pretty cool to think about, he sa
25、ys with a smile. 1. What does the story of Jeanne Calment prove to us? A. People can live to 122. B. Old people are creative. C. Women are sporty at 85. D. Women live longer than men. 答案: A 指导：第二段中“She lived to the ripeoldage of l22So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span?告诉我们Jeanne Calment的
26、经历证明人们可以活到122岁。2. According to Steve Austad at the University of Texas,_. A. the average human life span could be 110 B. scientists cannot find ways to slow aging C. few people can expect to live to over 150 D. researchers are not sure how long people can live 答案: D 指导：根据第四段Steve Austad的论述可判断出研究人员不能
27、确定人们的寿命有多长。3. Who would agree that a scientist will become famous if he makes the wildest guess at longevity? A. Jerry Shay. B. Steve Austad. C. Rich Miller. D. George Martin. 答案: C指导：第五段Anyone can make up anumber，”says Rich Miller at the University Of Michigan。“Usually the scientist who picks the h
28、ighest number gest his nalne in Time magazine”说明RichMiller认为对人类的寿命估计最高的科学家会出名。4. What can we infer from the last three paragraphs? A. Most of us could be good at sports even at 120. B. The average human life span cannot be doubled. C. Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before. D. New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species. Passage 答案: B 指导：根据后三段的内容可推断出人们的平均寿命不会加倍。*结束
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