1、Unit 4Sharing一、单句语法填空1(2019年浙江卷完形填空)Only about one in ten places offered him food that would _ (otherwise) be discarded.2(2017年新课标卷七选五型阅读理解)Keep a record and evaluate it _ (week).Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel.3(2017年新课标卷七选五型阅读理解)Stick _ your set bedtime and wakeup time，no ma
2、tter the day.4(2018年新课标卷阅读理解C)The _ (distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.5The small river nearly dried _ because it hadnt rained for months.6During the last three decades, the number of people _ (participate) in physical fitness programmes has increased sharply.7In the west of China, the
3、 hot sun in summer and cold winds in winter can soon dry _ your skin.8There is a common sense among teachers about the need for greater _ (secure) in schools.9The species that fail to adjust _ the changing conditions of existence will gradually become extinct.10(2019年天津卷阅读理解C)Food webs may be domina
4、ted by many weak links because that _ (arrange) is more stable over the long term.二、单句改错1After supper, he usually stood near the window, from which he could see the tower, the tallest building in this city._2(2018年江苏卷单项填空)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had carri
5、ed out in the past two years._3Not you but Tom are to attend the lecture this Saturday afternoon._4(2019年新课标卷阅读理解C)Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants base on how they typed, with very low error rates._5The doctors operated to him last night._6Ill arrange
6、 a car to meet you at the airport._7They used to donate a large sum of money for the Red Cross every year._8(2019年天津卷阅读理解C)With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operates in food webs._9(2019年新课标卷短文改错)And the other was that I wanted to help people need._10Helen has borrowed
7、my book the other day, saying that she would return it soon._三、完形填空Volunteering abroad comes with a bit of a social stigma (耻辱).From my _1_， this couldnt be further from the truth.Volunteering isnt so expensive that its only a _2_ for the welloff.I spent 10 weeks volunteering in Arizona with America
8、 Conservation Experience (ACE), helping _3_ Americas natural beauty.The _4_ was arranged through BUNAC, a work and volunteer organization._5_ it cost me around $1，000a sum which I _6_ mostly by working parttime.The selfindulgent (放纵自己的) image is _7_ to overseas volunteer projects.However, the work c
9、an be _8_I spent my time maintaining trails, building fences and carrying out projects in some of the national monuments of America.Summer temperatures in Arizona stay well above 35， _9_ pleasant if youre carrying 50 kg of concrete for 10 hours at a time.And then there was the wildlife to deal with,
10、 which _10_ my strength of character and made my _11_ of the English household spider disappear._12_ do most people volunteer for? Probably they want to _13_ things to the world.But in reality, you _14_ just as much as the local communities and ecosystems youre helping.Spending 10 weeks in Americas
11、most beautiful national parks and forests was _15_I gained a far deeper _16_ of the local environment than the average tourist, _17_ exnational park rangers (护林者) who knew _18_ of the areas history and ecosystem.But best of all, my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people from a mix of _19
12、_from Belgians to South Koreans.When I left Arizona, I returned home having made a lifelong _20_ with people from around the world.1A.aspect BexperienceCimpression Dobservation2A.choice BdreamChabit Ddestination3A.explore BdevelopCpreserve Dfind4A.trip BfundCorganization Dconference5A.In other words
13、 BAs a resultCIn all DOn average6A.awarded BsponsoredCinvested Dcovered7A.similar BequalCrelevant Dclose8A.easygoing BhardgoingCinteresting Dinstructive9A.still BneverCyet Deven10A.enriched BchallengedCimproved Daffected11A.fear BcuriosityCfrustration Ddislike12A.Why BHowCWho DWhat13A.take out Bgive
14、 backCmake up Dbring in14A.succeed BrememberClearn Dbenefit15A.unreal BunbearableCunbelievable Dunforgettable16A.meaning BappreciationCunderstanding Dcommitment17A.interviewing BmeetingCinviting Drecording18A.perfectly BpartlyCnaturally Dvividly19A.origins BplatformsCcultures Dschools20A.campaign Bp
15、romiseCcontest Dbond四、语法填空(2018年湖南省株洲市高考一模)Located in a natural depression in Guizhou, Chinas Fivehundredmeter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope，1._ (know) as FAST, has identified six pulsars (脉冲星) after one year of trial operation.It is the first time Chinese scientists have discovered pulsars usi
16、ng a radio telescope independently developed by Chinese scientists, thus 2._ (open) a “new era of Chinese original space discovery.”It is truly encouraging for China to have achieved such results in just one year.Since the first pulsar 3._ (discover), over 2，700 pulsars have been identified.But almo
17、st all of them are4._ the scope of the Milky Way.Being the worlds largest radio telescope, FAST is expected to capture pulsars outside the galaxy.Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists 5._ (find) previously hidden stars.Moreover, FAST is capa
18、ble of surveying the night sky for multiple6._ (science) data at once，7._ enables astronomers to jumpstart many science goals.Its innovative engineering concept and design pave8._ new road to realize a huge single dish in the most effective way.Chinas FAST science impact on astronomy will be extraor
19、dinary, and has the potential to revolutionize other 9._ (area) of the natural sciences.It 10._ (remain) the global leader for the next 10 to 20 years.五、阅读理解(2019年东北三省四市高三二模联考)You cant see your sleeping pets brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be dreaming.If you watch clos
20、ely, youll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still.She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slowwave sleep.After about 15 minutes youll notice a change in her breathing.Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws twitch (抽动) and she flicks (
21、尤指用手指或手快速地轻抚) an ear.She has entered dreaming.Although she twitches and makes little grunting (嘟嘟) noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she cant run about.She is in a state of “sleep paralysis (麻痹)”Michel Jouvet, a French scientist, interrupted their sleep
22、 paralysis.Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldnt see and arched (弓起) their backs at unseen enemies.He figures he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: followin
23、g, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫).One day, he left the brainwaverecording machine on while the rats fell asleep.The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson
24、could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent caning.This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills tha
25、t were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, how often animals dream seems to be tied to body size.Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 ho
26、urs.And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.1What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?AThe dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.BThe dreaming cats often practise their important skills.CThe eyes of dreaming cats moved while bodies are still.DT
27、he muscles of the dreaming cats are blocked to move.2What can you know about dreaming from the passage?ADreaming a lot can help humans learn more.BLearning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.CRats often dreams to make certain their recent learning.D.Fighting and escaping are not important sk
28、ills for ancestors.3Which animal may dream most frequently?ARats. BDogs.CCows. DElephants.4How does the author develop his passage?ABy making comparisons. BBy using figures.CBy telling stories. DBy showing facts.Unit 4Sharing能力检测一、1.otherwise2.weekly3.to4.distribution5.up6participating7.out8.securit
29、y9.to10arrangement二、1.whichwhere2.carried前加been3.areis4basebased5.toon6.arrange后加for7forto8.operatesoperating9.need前加in10.去掉has三、本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去美国亚利桑那州当志愿者的经历。虽然饱含辛酸却也让作者收获良多，作者不仅了解了当地的环境，还与来自世界各地的人建立了一生的联系。1B下文介绍了作者去美国亚利桑那州当志愿者的经历，故此处表示“从我的经历来看，这个说法绝非事实”。experience经历。故选B。2A根据第二段中的“it cost me around
30、 $1，000.by working parttime”可知，此处是指“做志愿者并非如此昂贵以至于它只能是富人的选择”，即普通人也可以参与。choice选择。故选A。3C根据第三段的“maintaining trails, building fences and carrying out projects.”以及最后一段的“exnational park rangers (护林者)”可知，作者应是在美国的亚利桑那州保护大自然的美。preserve保护。故选C。4A根据最后一段的“Spending 10 weeks in Americas most beautiful national park
31、s and forests”可知，作者去了美国亚利桑那州的国家公园和森林，这是一个行程。trip行程。故选A。5C这个行程总共花费了作者约1000美元，这笔钱大部分是作者通过做兼职来支付的。in all总共。故选C。6D参见上题解析。cover足以支付。故选D。7C句意：放纵自己的形象和海外志愿者项目紧紧相连。be relevant to与相关。故选C。8B根据本句中的转折词“However”和上文提到的“放纵自己的形象和海外志愿者项目紧紧相连”可知，此处指“这种工作有时会很艰难”。下文的叙述也描述了志愿者工作的艰难。故选B。9B上文提到“亚利桑那州夏天的气温远高于35摄氏度”，故此处指“如果
32、你还要每次搬10小时50公斤重的混凝土的话，这样的气温决不宜人”。此处要用never表示否定。故选B。10C根据上文中的“And then there was the wildlife to deal with”可知，和野生动物打交道让作者的性格变得坚强，还消除了作者对英国家庭中会出现的蜘蛛的恐惧。improve提高，改善。故选C。11A参见上题解析。fear恐惧。故选A。12D根据下文的“Probably they want to _13_ things to the world.”可知，此处表示“为什么大部分人做志愿者呢”。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中做for的宾语，且指“为了什么(wha
33、t)”，故选D。13B许多人参加志愿者活动是想回馈世界，做一些力所能及的事。give back回馈。故选B。14D句意：但实际上，你在做志愿者的同时也获益匪浅，如同你帮助的当地社区和生态系统一样。benefit受益；获益。故选D。15D上下文中都提到了作者从事的志愿者活动给他带来的好处，故此处指这是一次“难忘的(unforgettable)”经历。故选D。16C比起一般的游客，作者对当地的环境有了更深刻的“理解(understanding)”。下文的“park rangers (护林者) who knew _18_ of the areas history and ecosystem”是提示。
34、故选C。17B作者在从事志愿者活动时“遇见(meet)”了以前的国家公园护林者，他们非常了解这个地区的历史和生态系统。故选B。18A参见上题解析。know perfectly of.意为“非常了解”。故选A。19C根据下文中的“from Belgians to South Koreans”可知，此处指“最有益的是，这10周我和来自不同文化的年轻人一起度过。”culture文化。故选C。20D前面提到“But best of all, my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people”，故这里指作者离开亚利桑那州回到家时，已经和来自全世界
35、的人建立了一生的联系。bond联系。故选D。四、本文讲述了中国科学家第一次使用由中国科学家自主研发的射电望远镜发现脉冲星，从而开启了“中国原创空间探索的新时代”。1known“Chinas Fivehundredmeter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope”和“know”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词做后置定语。故填known。2opening指代前面整个事情的结果，用现在分词做结果状语。3was discovered句子主语和“discover”之间是被动关系，since从句时态用一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。4in/within“在之内”用in
36、或within。5to findallow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。6scientific修饰名词用形容词。7which先行词为FAST，在非限制性定语从句中做主语，应用which引导。8a泛指用不定冠词，此处指“一条新道路”。9areasarea领域，为可数名词，前面有other修饰，所以用复数形式。10will remain时间状语“the next 10 to 20 years”和一般将来时态连用。五、本文是一篇说明文。研究表明对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清楚最近所学的东西。1B细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，Michel Jouvet在他的研究中发现，做梦的猫经常会练习它们所学的重要技能。故选B。2C推理判断题。由第四段第一句可知，老鼠是动物的一种，老鼠经常做梦目的是弄清楚它们最近所学的东西。故选C。3A细节理解题。由最后一段第二句可知，通过对动物做梦频率的对比，可以看出老鼠做梦最频繁。故选A。4D推理判断题。从第二、三和最后一段可知，每个研究所得出的结论，以及对问题的回答都是基于事实。故判断出作者通过展示事实来展开短文。故选D。
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