高三英语二轮复习课件：定语从句（1）.ppt

1、新课标人教版课件系列高中英语高考系列复习7272二轮复习语法专题定语从句定 语从 句1.1.定义及术语定义及术语2.比较关系词关系词教学目标定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。That is the teacher who teaches us English.Those who want to go to the park are girls._（名词）_（代词）3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost

2、his way.Football is a game which is liked by most boys.I still remember the day when I first came to this school.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.关系词关系代词关系副词关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.1).a.The reason _he missed the

3、speech is that he forgot the time.b.The reason_he gave us sounded reasonable.2).a.Ill never forget the day _we spent together in Paris.b.Ill remember the day_we stayed together at that time.why(which/that)when(which/that)关系代词与关系副词的区别3).a.Is this the factory_ we visited last year?b.Is this the house

4、_Lincoln once lived?c.Is this house _ we visited last year?(which/that)where解题点拨:看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；若是作状语,就用where,when,why等关系副词；若是作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词that,which,whom,whose等。the one游戏拓展讨论与探究奖抢答大战1.2.3.4.游戏拓展讨论与探究1).This is the reason _ _ he left his hometown.2).Ill never forget the day _ _ we stayed togeth

5、er3).This is the girl _ _I learned the news.4).This is the girl _ is taken good care _ in the hospital.5).Ill show you a store_ _ you may buy all that you need.6).I dont like the way_ _ you laughed at her.for which/whyon which/whenfrom whomofin which/wherein which/thatwho介词与关系代词()拓展1Have a discussio

6、n方法总结1.先行词为人,关系代词用介词+whom;先行词为物,关系代词用介词+which;2.固定的动词短语,介词不能提前。3.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换：where,when,why=介词+which4.先行词是the way 时,关系代词用thatin which或省略.想一想总结:as 与 which的区别1).The meeting,_was held in the park,was a great success.2).I will read as many books_are required.3).She has married again,_ was unexpected)

7、._is known to us all,Taiwan is a part of China.whichwhichAsas拓展21.which的先行词可以是名词，也可以是句子的一部分或代替整个句子；which从句不能放句首;2.as 一般代替整个句子,从句则可以放句首,句中或句尾,表示“正如”，“或像一样”。例如：as is known,as everyone knows,as is said,as often happens,as you can see,as it is;当先行词前有as,so,such,the same 修饰时,关系代词常用as。总结:游戏拓展讨论与探究1.当先行词是ev

8、erything,anything,nothing,all,none,few,little,some等代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。4当先行词被 the very,the only 修饰时。5.当先行词前面有who,which 等疑问代词时。6.当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。我的地盘?That!“that”1).a.I saw some trees,and the leaves of _ were black with disease.b.I saw so

9、me trees,the leaves of _ were black with disease.2).a.The professor is a little man,on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses b.The professor is a little man,and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses解题点拨:是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim_易混句型1.定语从句与并列句 1).a.The news _our volleyball team won

10、 the match made us excited.b.The news _he told me yesterday is exciting.2).a.I made a promise _ if anyone set me free,I would make him very rich.b.The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children.that(that/which)that/whichthat解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说

11、明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。.定语从句与同位语从句1)a.It is in this room _I lived last year.b.It is the room _I lived last year.2)a.It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning.b.It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning.解题点拨：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分;去掉 It is/was.th

12、at/who,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen.定语从句与强调句型 Fill in the blanks with relatives:1)He still lives in the house _window faces to the south.2)He still lives in the house _ _the window faces to the south.3)He still lives in the house and _ window faces to the north.4)He still lives in the h

13、ouse _is in the north of the city.whoseof which that/whichits实战演习)Is this house _ he visited last yea)Is it in this house _ he was born?the onethat建议：仔细审题，找到突破口。加油Find the mistakes and correct:1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.2.This is the very place where we visited many

14、 years ago.thatas1）错用引导词；常见错误.Hangzhou,where we spent last spring there,is one of the most beautiful cities in China.2）定语从句中的被替换成份没有去掉。.She is the only one of the girls in our class who have been to the United States.).定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致has_ 巩固提高:1.These houses are sold at such a low price _ pe

15、ople expected.(00上海）A.like B.as C.that D.which2._ is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.(04北京）A.It B.As C.That D.What3.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,_,of course,made the others envy him.(04天津）A.who B.that C.what D.which.The g

16、entleman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(00上海春招）A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom.Have you seen the film“Titanic”,_ leading actor is world-famous?(01上海A.its B.its C.whose D.which用思考_.I dont like the way_ you speak to her.A.B.that C.in which D.All A,B,and C.Is this book _you want to borrowfrom the library.A.that B.which C.the one D.It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come form or what you are.(00全国)A.one B.that C.what D.itHomework1.Review what we have learned.2.Finish the exercise in the workbook.