高一英语精品课件：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅳ GRAMMAR .ppt

1、Unit 4 Section Grammar&Writing 精品课件1（人教版必修1）写作专题突破Unit 1语法专题突破Section 语法专题突破品味语法1He is the man whom/that I met yesterday.2Id like a room whose window looks out over the sea.3I watched all the glasses that were on the table fall off onto the floor.4She got 150 marks in the maths exam，which was excell

2、ent.自我探究以上四个句子都是含有定语从句的复合句，关系词连接主句和从句，关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语。定语从句()1概念(1)定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。(3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。讲讲解解归纳归纳关系词通常有三个作用：连接主从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。例如：A plane is a machine that can fly.上面例句中的黑

3、体部分即为定语从句，其前面的名词machine是被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词，that是引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。本单元主要讲述关系代词引导的限制性定语从句。2关系代词的基本用法关系代词用法例句that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语，指物)The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate.(作主语，指人)The film (that)we saw yesterday

4、 is interesting.(作宾语，指物)which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。China is a country which has a long history.(作主语)The car(which)my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.(作宾语)关系代词用法例句who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。I know the man who spoke to you just now.(作主语)She is not the girl who she was.(

5、作表语)whom指人，who的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用who或that代替。Here is the man(whom)you are looking for.The woman(whom)you saw just now is our English teacher.whose可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指人时，相当于of whom；指物时，相当于of which。This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.(指人)The room whose windows face east i

6、s mine.(指物)The room the windows of which face east is mine.3.只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况用法例句(1)先行词为不定代词时，如all，much，little，everything，something，anything，nothing，none，no one 等。I have said all(that)I want to say.Is there anything(that)I can do for you？(2)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰或本身就是最高级、序数词时。This is the best film t

7、hat has been shown in the city.Well never forget the first lesson(that)our English teacher gave us.用法例句(3)先行词被the only，the very，the last，just，all，every，no，little，few，any等修饰时。This is the very book(that)I want to buy.There is little work(that)you can do.The only thing(that)Ican do is to have a rest.(4

8、)先行词既有人又有物时。They talked about the men and the things that they saw.用法例句(5)当主句是以which或who开头的疑问句时。Which is the hotel that he stayed at last night?Who is the man that is reading over there？(6)先行词作主句的表语时。China isnt the country(that)it used to be.(7)主句是there be结构时，修饰其主语的定语从句用that引导。There is a table in th

9、e corner that is folded away.4.只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况用法例句(1)当关系代词前有介词时。This is the house in which he once lived.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时。Football,which is a very interesting game，is played all over the world.(3)一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个宜用which。He bought an American magazine that could give him so much E

10、nglish knowledge and which could help him to kill time.(4)当先行词本身是that时。The clock is that which tells the time.语法专练.用括号的关系代词填空1 The season follows spring is summer.(that/who/不填)答案：that2This is the museum we visited last Saturday.(that/whom/不填)答案：that/不填3The boy John is speaking with is my brother.(wh

11、ich/whom/不填)答案：whom/不填4The building walls are white is my uncles house.(which/whose/不填)答案：whose5Will you please lend me the book you bought yesterday?(which/that/whose)答案：which/that6The girl leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital.(who/whom/whose)答案：whose7The student the teacher prais

12、ed at the class meeting is our monitor.(which/whom/whose)答案：whom8I found some photos of tourist sites were not far away from our city.(which/that/不填)答案：which/that9I know the student_(that/whose)article was published last month.答案：whose10The woman(whom/which)you saw in the park is our English teacher

13、.答案：whom.单项填空1This is the boy without help I couldnt have passed that difficult exam.AwhoBwhomCwhose Dthat解析：选C。先行词the boy指人，定语从句缺少定语，因此该空应填whose引导定语从句。2Im not sure whether this is the book my brother read the year before last.Awhose BasCwhat Dwhich解析：选D。先行词the book 指物，定语从句缺少宾语，因此应填which引导定语从句。关系代词a

14、s引导限制性定语从句时，仅用于the same.as.，such.as.等句型中。3This is the very chance Im looking forward to.Ato which BwhichCwhose Dthat解析：选D。本题考查在定语从句中，当先行词被the only，the very等修饰时，其后定语从句的引导词用that。故应选D项。4Is there any other student wants to visit Wutai Mountain?I dont know.Awho BwhomCwhose Dwhich解析：选A。考查定语从句。先行词student是表

15、示人的名词，从句缺少主语，故用who引导定语从句。5The roomdoor is painted green is our headmasters office.Awhose BitsCwhich Dof which解析：选A。因room和door属于所属关系，所以只能选whose。6The only languageis easy to learn is the mother tongue.Awhich BitC/Dthat解析：选D。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词language。当定语从句所修饰的先行词前有only修饰时，关系代词只能用that。7Is this the factor

16、y a lot of students visited yesterday?Athe one BwhichCwho Dwhom解析：选B。which 引导定语从句，修饰factory，which在从句中作宾语。8The engineer my father works with is about 50 years old.Ato whom BwhomCwith that Don whom解析：选B。定语从句中介词with后缺少宾语成分，且先行词为人，故关系词应用whom。9Tom is good at maths，so I think he is the student _ can help

17、you to work out this problem.Awhom BwhoCwhich Dwhat解析：选B。先行词the student指人，定语从句中缺主语，因此应用who引导定语从句。10Look out！Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.Awhose BwhereCof which Dthat解析：选A。本题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。house与roof之间有从属关系，因此用whose。11Is there anyone in your class family is in the country?Awho

18、 BwhosCwhich Dwhose解析：选D。空格之后为定语从句，从句中缺少关系代词，且关系词作family的定语，故D正确。12Do you still remember the chicken farm_we visited three months ago?Awhere BwhenCthat Dwhat解析：选C。空格之后为定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故C正确。13.The place interested me most was the Childrens Palace.Awhich BwhatChow Dwho解析：选A。空格之后为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为物，故A正确。1

19、4The poor man lost his money just now is called John.Awhose BwhichCwho Dwhom解析：选C。定语从句先行词是人，且在从句中充当主语，所以who正确。15Those want to see the film please write down your names here.Athem BwhatCwhose Dwho解析：选D。当代词those用做先行词且指人，并在从句中作主语时，关系代词通常使用who。写作专题突破写作要求5月1日，高二(3)班的学生志愿者Li Yue和Zhang Hua去阳光敬老院(Sunshine N

20、ursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫、聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则100词左右的新闻报道。1时间、地点、人物、活动；2老人们的反应；3简短评论。注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计词数)。Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly_By Chen Jie，School Newspaper审题谋篇1本文要求写一篇新闻报道，注意新闻报道的五大要素，即时间、地点、人物、事件、发展如何(when，where，who，what及how)。2本文可采用这样的结构：标题(已给出)导语正文结语(简短评论)

21、3新闻报道多采用第三人称叙述，时态采用一般过去时。以此为基点，“瞻前”是过去完成时，“顾后”是过去将来时。写作要点1做志愿者工作do some 答案：voluntary work2他们给老人们送花、送水果。Theysome flowers and fruits the elderly.They the elderly some flowers and fruits.They the elderly some flowers and fruits.答案：gave；togavepresented；with3他们一到那儿，就受到了热烈的欢迎。，they were warmly welcomed.th

22、ey arrived there，they were warmly welcomed.，they were warmly welcomed.答案：Upon their arrivalAs soon asWhen they arrived there4做完一切之后，他们坐在院子里与老人们聊天。，theythe elderly people.，they sat in the yard and chatted with the elderly people.答 案：Everything done；sat in the yard chatting withWhen they finished ever

23、ything5他们说这是如此美好的一天他们永远都不会忘记。They said it was beautiful day they would remember it forever.They said it was day they would never forget it.答案：such a；thatso beautiful a；that【连句成篇】_【佳作欣赏】Student Volunteers BroughtSunshine to the ElderlyOn May Day，Li Yue and Zhang Hua，students from Class Three,Grade Tw

24、o，went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work.Upon their arrival，Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed,and respectfully,they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.Then,they started working at once，cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor.Everything done,they sat in the y

25、ard chatting with the elderly people.When it was time for the volunteers to leave,the elderly people thanked them for their kindness.They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy.What they did has brought joy to others and enriched the

26、ir own lives.By Chen Jie,School Newspaper【类文点津】如何写新闻报道所谓新闻报道，就是对最近发生的重要事件的报道。新闻报道一般分为四个部分：标题、导语、主体、结语。1标题是新闻的题目，是对新闻内容的浓缩、概括、提炼和再创造。撰写标题是为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读。英语新闻标题一贯注重结构精练，通常不使用标点符号。英语新闻标题常用一般现在时。如：Crowds set new record2导语一般置于报道开头，是文章内容的高度概括，作用是吸引读者的注意力。如：SHANGHAITicket sales for the ongoing Expo 2010 Shanghai have been“satisfactory”，organizers said on Friday，adding that public interest was growing.3主体是新闻报道的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的详细阐释。4结语一般是最后一句或一段话，通常是对全文内容的总结，对新闻事件发展趋势的预测或是提出令人深思的问题。注意：(1)写作前需先拟好提纲，具体内容包括：标题、中心思想、分段及段落大意以及重要细节；(2)写作依据的材料要充分，要用事实来说话，语言力求简洁。