1、 Exercise One Guy Bryant never intended to be _1_father figure. But over the past 12 years, hes housed more than 50 foster kids in his Brooklyn apartment._2_ decades, Bryant, 61, worked with teens aging out of New Yorks child welfare system. His job was to find services _3_ would make the transition
2、(过渡)to living on their own easier.But he felt that what he could accomplish at the New York City Administration for Childrens Services office wasnt enough. So in 2007. he decided to become a foster parent.In an interview last month, Bryant told Romario Vassell, 21,one of his foster children, that _4
3、_(agree) to care for him was definitely one of the best decisions he made in foster care. Bryant told Vassell that he_5_ (be) nervous when he took in his first foster child. He said, I lived alone at that point, _6_ he was a kid that nobody wanted to take because of his behaviors. He got in a fight
4、and he appeared at my house. Bryant said his family thought he was out of his mind for making such a big lifestyle change and wondered _7_ Bryant would adjust.Bryant had been Vassells assigned case worker when they met. Bryart suggested that Vacseu.then an untidy 18-year-old,_8_ (consider) foster ca
5、re as an option to get out of the home lead shelter where he was staying.At fins, Vassell was hesitant. I didnt know hos foster care was. Ive hearf erary stodipshe said.Since living with Bryant, Vassell now _9_(feel) like he has a support network. If I feet down and like Im cornered. I have someone
6、I can reach out to and talk to. he said. And thats what I really love.Bryant told Vassell, _10_(what) youve learned from me, I want you to teach it to someone else.Because thats whats important to me.1. a 2.For 3.that 4. agreeing5.was 6.and 7.how 8. consider 9.feels 10.Whatever Exercise TwoAstypalea
7、, a butterfly-shaped island in the _1_( center )Aegean, hopes to become Greeces first carbon-free tourist destination, Under a deal with the government, Volkswagen, a carmaker, _2_ (donate) several new electric vehicles for use by Astypaleas public services; it will sell others at cost price to its
8、1,200 residents. In return, the government has largely increased subsidies (补贴) for the islanders to buy electric cars _3_ will build a hybrid solar and wind power plant to replace those polluting generators.Unlike other nearby islands, Astypalea is not connected _4_ Greeces electricity system. With
9、 only 3, 000 rooms for visitors in small hotels or flats, tourism is still low-key. Many residents make a_5_ (live )the old-fashioned way: raising goats, keeping bees and fishing. The island was selected for Volkswagens e-mobility experiment after Nikos Komineas, the go-ahead mayor. contacted the tr
10、ansport ministry for help in finding an electric bus to try out _6_ its rough roads. Most islanders sound enthusiastic about the project. Mr Komineas_7_ (expect) the number of private cars on Astypalea to fall by a third over the next five years. Its residents, he says, will get around on e-scooters
11、 and electric minibuses, _8_ will be free. linked to a mobile-phone app and available round the clock.Some observers detect a bit of green washing. Building a solar park that would generate the islands electricity will not get started before the tourist season ends. A single wind turbine (涡轮)will no
12、t _9_ (fix) before 2026 even if the licensing process goes smoothly. On the other hand. the islanders worry that tourists will go elsewhere _10_the view is destroyed by a turbine 200 metres high.And even then, the hybrid power unit is planned to cover only about 80% of summer demand. But it is a sta
13、rt.1. central 2. has donated 3.and 4.to 5.living 6.on 7. Expects 8. which 9.be fixed 10. if Exercise ThreeSaturn(土星)is famous _1_ its lovely rings.but a new study suggests the planet has spent most of its 4. 5 billion years _2_ them. Thats because the rings are likely only 10 million to 100million y
14、ears old. According to a_3_ (new )published report in the journal Science thats based on findings from NASAs Cassini probe(探测器).Cassini spent some 13 years orbiting Saturn before diving and impacting into its atmosphere.During its final orbits. the spacecraft dove between the planet and its rings. T
15、hat let seientists measure the gravitational effect of the rings and get a good estimate of the ring materials mass. _4_ they found is that its only about 40 percent of the mass of Saturns moon Mimas. This small masss suggests that the rings are relatively young.Theres no huge amount of_5_( mass) ma
16、terial hidden in the rings that we cant see, says Philip Nicholoson, _6_planetary scientist, The rings are almost pure ice. He says the relative youthfulness of Satums ring system is something _7_ scientists have come to suspect only recently. “It was_8_( easy) to believe that it formed at the same
17、time as Saturn and its satellites did, Nicholson says. Its hard to understand how they could have formed that recently. Its possible that the rings are the remains of a comet (彗星) or some other icy object that made a chance encounter with Saturn and got tom up. he says. Or, perhaps one of Saturns ic
18、y moons got whacked by an impact with a large comet._9_ happened, its looking more and more likely that Saturns splendid rings are a temporary phenomenon that humans are lucky to get to see at all. Previous measurements from Cassini helped show that the rings may be disappearing at a rapid speed.as
19、dusty ice particles (颗粒） get_10_( pull) down to Saturn by its gravity. In another 100 million years.Saturns most unique feature might be gone.1. for 2.without 3.newly 4.What 5.massive 6.a 7.that 8. Easier 9.Whatever 10. pulledExercise FourCompared _1_ metal, ceramics (陶瓷) can better resist high temp
20、eratures and certain severe environments, but they are fragile. This potentially causes problems for innovators trying to create lightweight versions of these materials, explaining _2_ ceramic materials are not typically used as structural components.Facing the challenging task of developing lightwe
21、ight, high-strength ceramic materials, Mechanical Engineering Assistant Professor Ling Li has turned to the knobby sea star from the tropical Indo-Pacific for design_3_( inspire). Sea star skeletons (骨骼) are made of an easily_4_( break) material. However, the body of the sea star demonstrates high s
22、trength and_5_ (flexible). Uncovering the principles of this structure may help solve the challenges of making stronger ceramics._6_ the team found was unexpected. The skeleton of the knobby star consists of many millimeter-sized skeletal elements. Li and his team discovered that each is constructed
23、 of a microlattice (微晶) structure so uniform _7_ it can be described mathematically. Even more interesting, the team found the uniform structure of the microlattice is essentially a single crystal structure at atomic level._8_(Base)on the finding, Li and his collaborators used 3D printing to model a
24、nd generate large-scale versions of these complex lattice structures, a useful approach in understanding the _9_(complex) of these unique geometries. While the 3D-printed models created by Lis team were indeed visually inspiring, the technology needed to bring new, stronger ceramic micro-architectur
25、es to market still lay in the future. Currently, 3D printers produce structures at the micrometer level, _10_ printing ceramics still requires firing the final product, which possibly introduces many uncontrolled tiny holes and cracks. These make the structures extremely fragile. 1.to 2. Why3.inspir
26、ation 4.broken 5. flexibility 6.What 7.that 8.Based 9. complexity 10.but Exercise Five Time zones _1_( create) by railroad officials to deal with a major headache. It was becoming impossible to know _2_time it was. At that time each town or city in the US kept its own solar time. “Fifty-six standard
27、s of time are now employed _3_the various railroads in preparing their schedules of running time,” reported The New York Times on April 19, 1883.In 1883, railroad representatives _4_(attend) the General Railroad Time Convention. On April 11, railroad officials agreed to create five time zones in Nor
28、th America. And the new standard took effect _5_November 18, 1883.Though the new time standard was not sanctioned by the federal government, the Naval Observatory in Washington offered to send, by telegraph, a new time signal so people could synchronize (同步) their watches. Most people had no_6_ (obj
29、ect) to the new time standard. An article in The New York Times on November 16, 1883 noted, “The passenger from Chicago to New Orleans, can make the entire run _7_changing his watch.”As the time change was instituted by the railroads, and voluntarily accepted by many towns and cities, some incidents
30、 of confusion appeared. A report in The Philadelphia Inquirer on November 21, 1883, described an incident _8_ a debtor had been ordered to report to a Boston courtroom before 10:00. He appeared at 9:48, standard time, but was ruled that it was after 10:00.Incidents like that demonstrated the need fo
31、r everyone to adopt the new standard time. However, there were objections. An item in The New York Times on June 28, 1884, _9_(detailed) how the city of Louisville had given up on standard time. Louisville set all its clocks ahead 18 minutes to return to solar time. By the 1890s, standard time and t
32、ime zones were accepted _10_ordinary. The successful adoption in the US in 1883 set an example of how time zones could spread across the globe. The following year, a conference in Paris created the time zones worldwide and eventually they came into use.1. were created 2.what 3.by 4. attended 5.on 6.
33、 Objection7 without.8where 9. detail 10. as Exercise SixI live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, _1_the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that _2_ I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe _3_his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldnt imagine that there could be such a
34、n unusual person in the world.Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and _4_(discovery) in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the Southern Silk Road), the travels of the 17th-century C
35、hinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and _5_ a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we
36、set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We_6_ (wake )up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.We met many people on the road. Some were curious,_7_( surround) us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited u
37、s into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths _8_ mountains, I seemed to he
38、ar the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road._9_(Look) back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A_10_ (deep) reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each others cultures.1.on 2.when 3.on 4. discoveries 5.in 6. Woke 7. Surrounding 8through 9. Looking10. deepe
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