1、阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：热点关注时间：7分钟Does style really sell? How can the appearance of a product be more important than what it does? The battle between form and function rose again when James Dyson，British inventor of the Dyson vacuum(真空) cleaner that has sold in millions around t
2、he world，resigned as chairman of Londons Design Museum.It is widely believed that Mr.Dyson felt that the museum put too much stress on style at the expense of serious industrial design.Mr.Dyson accused the museum of not keeping true to itself.He may be right，but these days，museums everywhere can no
3、longer afford to be unique centers of scholarship and learning.Among competition for sponsorship，they must use exhibitions of populist culture，nice cafes and shops or，best of all，a new building by Frank Gehry to increase visitor numbers.On the one hand，some producers can be too oldfashioned and too
4、concerned with the importance of product engineering and the functionality of their goods.On the other hand，there are those who believe that how a product looks is more important.Design is indeed a broad term，involving both function and form.Typically，in any given product area，it changes from the fo
5、rmer to the latter.Clothing is a good example.But surely you would have to be a very shallow person to think somethings appearance is more important than what it does.Today nearly all goods at any given price point do much the same job.So almost the only way producers can differentiate their product
6、s from those of their competitors is to create some sort of emotional connection with the consumer，which could be through the visual appeal of the product or its packaging，or the imagery(意象) created by advertising.And what of the Dyson vacuum cleaner? Mr.Dyson may believe that people buy these machi
7、nes because of the graphs showing their superior suction，but most vacuum cleaners do a good job；the main reason people pay extra for a Dyson is that it is a vacuum cleaner with a trendy brand.With its inside workings exposed，it is a bit like a Richard Rogers building with all its pipes shown in brig
8、ht colors on the outside instead of being hidden inside.Functional it may be，but it is a bit of a trick，too.【语篇导读】英国吸尘器发明家Dyson因强烈反对设计博物馆太过注重外在的风格样式而辞职，他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方。1Mr.Dyson left the Design Museum because he thought the museum _.Adidnt increase the number of visitorsBcouldnt provide scholarships
9、 for learnersCwasnt loyal to its original purpose of learningDdidnt have great appeal for serious industrial design解析推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句话和第二段的第一句可知，他辞职是因为设计博物馆太注重风格样式。他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方，他们的做法违背了这个初衷。答案C2Speaking of clothing，the underlined word“latter” refers to “_ ”Aaffording protectionBindicating ones ide
10、ntityCproviding warmthDmaking someone beautiful解析词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，这里的latter指的是前面一句话中的form，即外形。因此D项正确。答案D3What can we learn from Paragraph 4?AA product with convenient packaging sells well.BThe majority of consumers prefer to buy branded goods.CMost similarly priced products are of a comparable standar
11、d.DEmotion contributes much to the development of advertising industry.解析细节理解题。由第四段的第一句可知，大多数指定价格的产品都做着同样的工作，即大多数相似价格的产品都有可比的标准。所以C项正确。答案C4What is the authors attitude towards the form of a product?AOptimistic. BSceptical.CDisapproving. DObjective.解析态度推断题。由最后两段的内容可知，作者认为产品的外形还是很重要的，但也是个小花招，因此作者对产品外形
12、持客观的态度。选D。答案DPassage Nine (The Program-Federal Government Helps Minority Business) Federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960s when the Small Business Administration (SBA) began making federally guaranteed loans and government-sponsored management and technical assistance available
13、 to minority business enterprises. While this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15 years after the program was implemented, mi
14、nority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economys total receipts. Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting
15、large, growth-oriented minority firms through intermediary companies. In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful and stable minority businesses by making use of government-sponsored venture capital. The capital is used by a participating company to establish a
16、Minority Enterprise Small Businesses that have potential to become future suppliers of customers of the sponsoring company. MESBICs are the result of the belief that providing established firms with easier access to relevant management techniques and more job-specific experience, as well as substant
17、ial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business foundations than does simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available. Further, since potential markets for the minority businesses already exist through the sponsoring compan
18、ies, the minority businesses face considerably less risk in terms of location and market fluctuation. Following early financial and operating problems, sponsoring corporations began to capitalize MESBICs far above the legal minimum of $500,000 in order to generate sufficient income and to sustain th
19、e quality of management needed. MESBICs are now emerging as increasingly important financing sources for minority enterprises. Ironically, MESBIC staffs, which usually consist of Hispanic and Black professionals, tend to approach investments in minority firms more pragmatically than do many MESBIC d
20、irectors, who are usually senior managers from sponsoring corporations. The latter often still think mainly in terms of the social responsibility approach and thus seem to prefer deals that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant. Such differences in viewpoint h
21、ave produced uneasiness among many minority staff members, who feel that minority entrepreneurs and businesses should be judged by established business considerations. These staff members believe their point of view is closer to the original philosophy of MESBICs and they are concerned that, unless
22、a more prudent course if followed, MESBIC directors may revert to policies likely to re-create the disappointing results of the original SBA approach.1.Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?A The use of MESBICs for aiding minority entrepreneurs seems to have greater pote
23、ntial for success than does the original SBA approach.There is a crucial difference in point of view between the staff and directors of some MESBICs.C After initial problems with management and marketing, minority businesses have begun to expand at a steady rate.D Minority entrepreneurs wishing to f
24、orm new businesses now have several equally successful federal programs on which to rely.2.According to the passage, the MESBIC approach differ s from the SBA approach in that MESBICs A seek federal contracts to provide market for minority businesses.Encourage minority businesses to provide markets
25、for other minority businesses.C Attempt to maintain a specified rate of growth in the minority business sector.D Rely on the participation of large corporations to finance minority businesses.3.Which of the following statements about the SBA program can be inferred from the passage?A The maximum ter
26、m for loans made to recipient businesses was 15 years.Business loans were considered to be more useful to recipient businesses than was management and technical assistance.C The anticipated failure rate for recipient businesses was significantly lower than the rate that actually resulted.D Recipient
27、 businesses were encouraged to relocate to areas more favorable for business development.4.The author refers to the financial and operating problems encountered by MESBICs primarily in order toA broaden the scope of the discussion to include the legal considerations of funding MESBICs through sponso
28、ring companies.call attention to the fact that MESBICs must receive adequate funding in order to function effectively.C show that sponsoring companies were willing to invest only $500,000 of government-sponsored venture capital in the original MESBICs.D Compare SBA and MESBIC limits on minimum fundi
29、ng.5.It can be inferred from the passage that the attitude of some MESBIC staff member toward the investments preferred by some MESBIC directors can be best described asA disappointing.Indifferent.C Shocked.D Defensive.Vocabulary1.implement 执行，履行2.growth-oriented 增长潜力的，有发展性的3.intermediary company 中介
30、公司，中间公司4.venture capital 风险资本5.entrepreneur 企业家，创业者6.fluctuation 波动，涨落，起伏7.pragmatically 实用地难句译注1. Even 15 years after the program was implemented minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economys total receipts.【参考译文】甚至在这个计划执行后15年，少数民族工业的收入还不到全国总收入的2。2. Recently federal
31、 policy makers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the supporting large, growth oriented minority firms through intermediary companies.【参考译文】最近，联邦决策者采取一项措施，旨在加速少数民族工商业的发展，他们不再直接帮助小型的少数民族企业，而是转向通过中间公司来支持规模较大、有发展潜力的少数民族公司。3. By making use of government-sponsored venture capi
32、tal.利用政府资助的风险资本。4. The MESBIC then provides capital and guidance to minority businesses that have potential to become future suppliers or customers of the sponsoring company.【参考译文】然后再由MESBIC向那些少数民族企业提供资金、进行指导。这些企业是有成为赞助公司的未来供应商或客户的潜力的。5. MESBIC minority enterprise small business investment company 少
33、数民族小型企业投资公司。6. MESBICs are the result of the belief that providing established firms with easier access to relevant management techniques and more job-specific experience, as well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business foundations than do
34、es simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available.【参考译文】MESBIC的建立基于这种信念：为已建公司提供方便，使它更容易获得相关的管理技术更具体的工作经验以及大笔资金要比简单地给予一般管理经验和小笔资金更能使它们获得机会去建立稳固的商业基础。7. The latter often still think mainly in terms of the social responsibility approach and thus seem to prefer deals
35、that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant.【参考译文】后者高级经理们在有大多数情况下，仍然常常从“社会责任的角度”来考虑问题，因此，他们似乎更倾向于选择那些比正常投资标准更具风险性，而不太引人注目的项目。写作方法与文章大意 文章主要采用因果以及对比的写作方法。先点出SBA计划联邦政府对少数民族去也的赞助（）的失败及其原因。 为此，联邦决策者改变方法，通过中介公司，建立MESBIC。由它来帮助少数民族企业使其获得相应的管理技术、具体工作经验和大量资金，甚至潜在的市场取得了成
36、功。 可内部存在问题，MESBIC的职工和领导者之间的意见分歧，职工的投资观点更切实际，而领导者仍从“社会责任的角度”来考虑问题，若不改变，有可能重蹈SBA之覆辙。答案详解1. A 运用MESBIC来帮助少数民族企业似乎比原来SBA的方法更具成功的可能性。文章一开始就点名SBA（小型企业管理局）向少数民族企业提供联邦保证贷款，政府资助管理和技术方面的帮助，结果令人失望。组建成的少数民族新企业由于管理上缺乏经验、地点不佳、资金短缺而导致失败的情况很多。其他见难句译注1、2、3。总之在MESBIC支持下：为它的潜在市场提供大量资金等，使它们在地点和市场流通方面风险小的多，从而带来足够的收入和保持所
37、需的管理质量。这一切都说明MESBIC比SBA的成功可能性大。B.MESBIC中的领导者和职工方面在观点上有着至关重要的分歧。C.经历了早期管理和市场问题后，少数民族企业已开始稳步发展。D.希望组建新公司的少数民族企业家已有好几个成功的联邦计划可依靠。2. D 依靠打工四向少数民族企业投资。见第二段第二句：大公司利用政府资助的风险资本参与成功而又稳固的少数民族企业的发展。参与的大公司用这笔资金建立了“少数民族小型企业投资公司”（MESBIC）A.寻求为少数民族企业提供市场联邦合同。B.鼓励少数民族企业为其他少数民族企业提供市场。C.试图在少数民族部门保持特定的增长率。3. C 预期加入SBA项
38、目中的公司的失败率比实际失败率低得多。文内没有直接点出，而是从（见第一题注释）SBA帮助的企业失败率很高令人失望，从而推断C项结论。A.给企业贷款最高期限为15年。B.商业贷款对企业来说远笔管理和技术帮助重要。D.鼓励接受贷款企业重新寻找利于企业发展的地区。4. B 为的是引人注意这一实际情况：MESBIC必须取得足够的资金才能有效地运转。这在第三段最后一句：在经历了早期财政和运行问题后，赞助公司给MESBIC注入的资金远远超过了50万美元的法定最低限额，以获得足够的收入并保持所需的管理质量。MESBIC现在正成为日益重要的少数民族企业的资金来源。这说明没有足够的资金是难以有效运转的。A.扩大
39、讨论范围以包括通过赞助公司投资MESBIC的合理性。C.表明赞助公司愿意在原来的MESBIC只投资50万政府资助的风险资本。D.对比SBA和MESBIC最低投资限额。5. A 失望。文章最后一段MESBIC的职工一般是拉美和黑人专业人员在少数民族公司的投资上比MEBSIC的领导者更切实际。这些高级经理从社会责任角度看问题，会选择更具风险性，不太吸引人的项目。观点分歧使许多少数民族职工感到不安，他们认为应以公司的业务爆出来评价少数民族企业家及其企业。者充分说明MEBSIC的职工对领导所青睐的投资项目不满意和失望。B.漠不关心。C.震惊。D.持保留态度。【2013黄浦区】阅读理解Hotel Inf
40、ormationThe following activities are offered for guests of the Hong Kong Disneyland Hotel. If you have questions about these programs, please call Guest Services by dialing “0”. Highlights Around the Hong Kong Disneyland ResortHotel ActivitiesPrince Eric Activities RoomOpening Hours:9:00am-10:00pm(C
41、lose 15 minutes for cleaning every 2 hours)Maximum Capacity:22Disney-themed kids activities are available to offer our little guests unlimited fun and magical experience.Victorian Spa Exclusive Offer30% off Elemis Modern Skin Facial(Original Price:$1,280)Designed to do with skin care concernsRebalan
42、ces sebum level/Reduces redness/For bookings, please call 3510 6388 Activity time:10:30 am-9:30pmLittleKidsBigKidsMickeys PaintingDress up our Disney characters with your imagination and give them a colourful life! LittleKidsBigKidsTeensSun VisorBlocking the sun is wise to enjoy your holiday! Come a
43、nd make your own sun visor（帽舌）!TeensBigKidsIQ Fun ZoneTurn on your mind engine and show your teamwork to complete the missions!LittleKidsActivity time:9:45 pm-10:00pmBedtime StoryJoin our Recreation Hosts who recount tales from the magical world of Disney!LittleKidsBigKidsTeens Age3-7 Age8-12 Age13-
44、17 Mickey MazeWith views of the South China Sea, our hedge maze in the shape of Mickey Mouse is a great place to while away an afternoon. Youll find the Mickey Maze directly outside of the Grand Salon. Jogging TrailsMeasured jogging trails of varying distances have been identified throughout the Hon
45、g Kong Disneyland Resort. You can pick up a jogging map at the Victorian Spa or at the Front Desk. Inspiration Lake Recreation CentreInspiration lake is 34 hectares and is also one of the largest public parks in Hong Kong. Its a great place to rest and relax! You can choose from indoor fitness stati
46、ons and relax under the shade of gazebos, enjoy bike rentals and pedal boat rentals outside. In-house hotel guests could enjoy 50% discount for renting one hour pedal boat at ILRC.All activities and additional information are subject to change without notice.69. Guests of Hong Kong Disney Hotel can
47、_.A.enjoy Elemis Modern Skin Facial at the price of $ 384B. call Guest Services by dialing “0” to book Victoria Spas exclusive offerC. spend a whole day viewing the South China Sea in Mickey MazeD. choose from different jogging routes according to a reliable jogging map 70. Inspiration Lake Recreati
48、on Centre _. A. attracts guests as one of the largest public parks in DisneylandB. is a right place for in-house guests to reduce redness C. provides guests with both indoor and outdoor activitiesD. offers all guests 50% off for renting one hour pedal boat71. According to the information about Princ
49、e Eric Activities Room, we can learn that_.A. there is about an hour and 15 minutes for cleaning everyday B. at least 22 quests can take part in different activities there at a time C. both kids and teens can feel free to create their own sun visors thereD. IQ Fun Zone helps children below 7 to cultivate their team spirit【参考答案】6971DCC