1、同步导练/RJ选修 英语 经典品质/超越梦想 同步导练 04 Global warming Section Learning about Language&Using Language自主预习学案Read the text and then answer the following questions.1Who are the writers of the letters?_2Which is NOT the reason why Ouyang Guang writes the letter?AHe is doing a project on global warming.BHe feels
2、individuals can affect huge environmental problems.CHe isnt sure where to start with his project.DHe wants to get some suggestions from Earth Care.3Which is NOT true according to the editors letter?ATogether，individuals can make a difference to environmental problems.BIndividuals must put up with po
3、llution.CMany individuals activities do can produce carbon dioxide.DIndividuals can save energy to slow down global warming.答案1Ouyang Guang and Earth Care2B3B语篇 导航原文 再现WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING?Dear Earth Care，I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.Sometimes I fee
4、l that individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems.However，I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.As Im not sure where to start with my project，I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.Thank you!Ouyang Guang汉语 译文关于全球变暖，我们能做什
5、么呢？亲爱的“关爱地球”组织：我正代表学校做一项关于全球变暖的课题研究。有时候我觉得，像这样一个巨大的环境问题，个人是起不了什么作用的。然而，我仍然认为人们应该支持改善日常能源的消耗方式。由于我还不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，我希望能得到你们的建议。谢谢！欧阳光Main idea The aim of writing the letter.Dear Ouyang Guang，There are many people who have a commitment like yours，but they do not believe they have the power to do anyt
6、hing to improve our environment.That is not true.Together,individuals can make a difference.We do not have to put up with pollution.主旨大意写信的目的。亲爱的欧阳光：有许多人承担你这样的义务，而他们不相信自己有能力来影响环境。这种想法是不正确的。众人拾柴火焰高。我们不必去忍受污染。Main idea Put forward the question in the letter.The growth of the greenhouse gas，carbon diox
7、ide in the air actually comes as a result of many things we do every day.Here are a few suggestions on how to reduce it.They should get you started with your project.1.We use a lot of energy in our houses.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off!Do n
8、ot be casual about this.So if you are not using the lights,the TV,the computer,and so on,turn them off.If you are cold,put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.2.Motor vehicles use a lot of energyso walk or ride a bike if you can.3.Recycle cans,bottles,plastic bags and newspapers if circum
9、stances allow you to.It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials,so,if you can,buy things made from recycled materials.4.Get your parents to buy things that are economical with energythis includes cars as well as smaller things like fridges and microwaves.5.Plant trees in your garden
10、or your school yard,as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh your spirit when you look at them.6.Finally and most importantly,be an educator.Talk with your family and friends about global warming and tell them what you have learned.主旨大意提出信中的问题。空气中的温室气体，二氧化碳的增长的确是来自我们许多的日常活动。这儿有几条关于减少空气
11、中二氧化碳含量的建议。这些建议应当能够促进你的研究。1.在室内我们会用大量的能源。在用电器设备时你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！不要对此疏忽大意。因此，你如果不用电灯、电视、电脑等时，要把它们关掉。如果你觉得冷了，就多穿点衣服，而不要把暖气开大。2.机动车要消耗大量的能源。因此，只要有可能，你就步行或骑自行车吧。3.把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。用新材料来做这些东西要花费大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。4.劝你的父母去买那些节约能源的产品，包括汽车和像冰箱、微波炉之类的小件物品。5.在你的花园或校园里栽种树木，它们能吸收空气中的二氧化碳，还能在你观
12、赏的时候使你感觉清爽。6.最后，也是最重要的，做一个教育者。同你的家人和朋友谈一谈全球变暖的问题，并把你学到的东西告诉他们。Main ideaAdvice in the reply letter.Rememberyour contribution counts!Earth CareMain idea Persuasion.主旨大意在回信中给出的建议。记住，你的贡献是很有价值的。“关爱地球”组织主旨大意劝说对方行动起来。探究学习思路Step 课前小练.单词巩固 1_adj.分布广的；普遍的2_vt.提倡；拥护；主张3_n生存；存在_vi.生存；存在；有_adj.存在的；实有的4_n污染；弄脏_v
13、t.污染；弄脏5_n增长；生长_v增加；生长；发育_adj.增加的；增长的6_adj.电的；与电有关的_adj.电的；电动的_n电，电流7_n分歧；不一致_n协定；协议，契约_vi.达成协议；同意8_n教育家_vt.教育_n教育9_n贡献_v捐赠；增加；增进_n捐款人；撰稿人10_n显示；演出_v呈现答案1widespread2advocate3existence；exist；existent4pollution；pollute5growth；grow；growing6electrical；electric；electricity7disagreement；agreement；agree8ed
14、ucator；educate；education9contribution；contribute；contributor10presentation；present.重点短语 1_大体上；基本上2_代表一方；作为的代言人3_容忍；忍受4_只要5_实施；执行6_等等7_开大；调高；出现；到达8_不但而且；既又9_对有影响10_有关系；有影响答案1on the whole 2.on behalf of 3.put up with4so/as long as 5.carry out 6.and so on7turn up 8.as well as 9.have an effect on10make
15、a differenceStep 精讲精练1average adj.平均的；普遍的 n平均数；平均标准(教材原句 P29)The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15.温室效应给地球表面提供了平均 15的温度。Toms work at school is above(the)average；Jims is below(the)average and Jacks is up to(the)average.汤姆的学习成绩高于平均水平；吉姆的学习成绩低于平均水平；杰克的学习成绩属于平均水平。O
16、n average,men smoke more cigarettes than women.一般地说，男子比女子吸烟多。(2019 年高考江苏卷)Mammals weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain sizeof 200 cm2.体重 60 公斤的哺乳动物的平均大脑面积为 200 平方厘米。归纳拓展 above/below the average 一般水准以上/以下up to the average 接近一般水准 on(an/the)average 平均而言；一般地说the average of.的平均数the average age/
17、temperature 平均年龄/气温答案above On average即时点练完成句子(2015 年高考重庆卷改编)Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 _(高于)the average._(通常)people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do.2existence n生存；存在(教材原句 P29)Lowlying countries feel their very existence is in danger from ris
18、ing sea levels.一些地势较低的国家感到他们已陷入被不断上涨的海水淹没的危险之中。When did this world come into existence?这个世界是何时产生的？We should make better use of the existing equipment.我们应该更好地利用现有设备。归纳拓展 1)in existence 存在come into existence 产生；成立2)exist vi.存在；有 exist on 靠生活existing adj.现存的；现行的答案come into existenceexistence；exists；exi
19、stence即时点练完成句子When did the organization_ _(形成)?It was founded in 1998.Do you believe the_of the Devil?No，it never_How does your stupid idea come into _？(exist)3advocate n提倡者；鼓吹者；vt.提倡；鼓吹；拥护(教材原句 P30)I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.我仍认为人们应该提倡改善日常能源的消耗方
20、式。Do you advocate keeping all children at school till the age of sixteen?你主张将义务教育延长至十六岁吗？归纳拓展 advocate sth.拥护/提倡advocate doing sth.主张做advocatethat 从句 主张提示：advocate 后跟 that 宾语从句时，需用虚拟语气。谓语应用 shoulddo，should可省略。答案advocate buildingadvocate；should be builtPeople advocate that the government should punis
21、h those drunk drivers severely.即时点练(1)完成句子Many people _ _(主张建设)more hospitals.Many people_(主 张 增 设)that more hospitals_ _ _(2)写作小练笔人们主张政府应严惩那些醉酒驾驶的人。(主谓宾从；drunk drivers)_4circumstance(pl.)n.情况；情形；环境(教材原句 P30)Recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if circumstancesallow you to.如果情况允许的话，把罐头盒，
22、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。Under no circumstances are you to leave the house.无论如何你都不得离开这所房子。归纳拓展 under/in no circumstances 决不，无论如何都不(置句首主谓部分倒装)under/in the circumstances 既然如此，在这种情况下答案under/in the circumstancesUnder/In no circumstances circumstances即时点练完成句子The result was the best that could be expected_ _ _(在这种
23、情况下)_ _ _(决不)will I agree with you.(2019 年高考课标全国卷)Your personal _(情况)are equally important.1on the whole 大体上；基本上(教材原句 P28)On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern.总的来说，地球变暖是个引起广泛关注的现象。Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole?这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？答案a
24、s a whole On the whole即时点练完成句子We must look at the educational problem _(整体上)_(大体说来)，Im in favor of the idea.2on behalf of 代表一方；作为的代言人(教材原句 P30)I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.我正代表学校进行一个关于全球变暖方面的课题研究。On behalf of my parents,I like to thank all our guests for attending
25、 my brothers wedding dinner.我仅代表我的父母，谢谢所有的宾客出席我的哥哥(弟弟)的结婚晚宴。归纳拓展 on behalf of sb.有时也可以说 on sb.s behalf，意思是“代表某人”，它们是介词短语。represent 是动词“代表”的意思。答案representing即时点练完成句子He expressed apology to the customers _ his boss.他代表老板向顾客表达了歉意。3put up with 容忍；忍受(教材原句 P30)We do not have to put up with pollution.我们没有必
26、要忍受污染。No longer being able to put up with my toothache,I went to consult a dentist.我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去请牙科医生诊治。I cant stand hearing so loud noise.我不能忍受如此大的噪音。归纳拓展 另外还有三个动词也能表示容忍之意，它们分别是：bear，stand，tolerate，而且这三个动词后一般跟动名词的形式。put aside 节省；储蓄；储存put away 收起来put forward 提出，建议；把向前拨put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；扑灭put
27、on 穿上；上演，播放put up 建造；张贴；供给住宿答案put up with put off put on put forward即时点练用上述短语完成句子She _ his violent temper.This year,25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have _ their entry until next year.We once _ a performance of Hamlet.Who _ a theory about black holes?4so long
28、 as 只要(教材原句 P30)It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it.只要你在使用电气设备，你便可以把它开着。I believe that so/as long as I was offered a good position,I would resign at once.我相信，只要提供给我一个好的职位，我会立刻辞职的。The line is four times as long as that one.这条线是那条线的四倍长。归纳拓展 as/so long as 可以引导条件状语从句
29、，表示“只要”，这一用法可以用 on condition that 替换as long as“和一样长”答案You may borrow the book as/so long as you keep it clean.即时点练写作小练笔只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借走。(主句从句；as/so long as)_ 1It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not,turn it off！(教材原句 P30)只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！句式分析：if not
30、为状语从句的省略，全句为：if you are not using it.Youd better get up early.If not,youll be late for class.你最好早起。否则你就会迟到的。Are there any books about English learning in the library?If any,there are only a few.图书馆里有关于英语学习的书吗？如果有，也很少。If necessary,Ill bring it to you.如果有必要，我就把它给你带来。She seldom，if ever，goes to the oper
31、a.她很少去看歌剧。归纳拓展 if not 如果不这样，not 代替一个否定的句子。if so 如果这样，so 代替一个肯定的句子。if any 如果有if necessary 如果有必要if ever 如果曾有过的话2It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials,so,if you can,buy things made from recycled materials.(教材原句 P30)用新材料来做这些东西要花费大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品。句式分析：It takesn.to do sth
32、.意为做某事花费It takes a lot of patience to finish the project.完成这项任务需要很大耐心。It takes a long time to achieve fluency in a foreign language.外语达到流利要很长时间。答案1Circumstances 2.advocates 3.averages4tendency 5.disagreements 6.contribution Step 课堂即时练.用所给词的适当形式填空 1_(circumstance)forced us to change our plans.2He _(a
33、dvocate)banning cars in the city centre at the meeting.3The rainfall _(average)36 inches a year.4There is a growing _(tend)for people to work at home instead of in the office.5Weve had a few _(agree)on this matter,but were still good friends.6(2016 年高考课标全国卷)Who made a great _(contribute)to the civil
34、 rights movements in the USA.完成句子 1But it is a rapid increase when _other natural changes.(compare)但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增加。2_，we have to obey.(long)既然你已经决定了，我们就得执行。3Id prefer to go abroad now，_如有可能，我宁愿现在出国。4Under no circumstances _ Mary money.(lend)你无论如何都不能把钱借给玛丽。5It _ to look after this naughty boy.照看这个调皮的男孩需要很大的精力。答案1compared to2As long as youve decided3if possible4should you lend5takes a lot of energy 温示提馨课时跟踪训练4-3（点击进入）word板块