1、Unit 1Science and ScientistsPeriod 3Learning About Language语法精析课语法精讲透析表语从句【体验悟】阅读下面课文原句,体会句中表语从句的用法。1.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3.The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been in
2、fected by waste.4.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.【生成得】表语从句是在主从复合句中作_的从句。引导表语从句的词可以是_,它只起引导作用,本身无词义,且不能省略。表语that【研学析】表语从句是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的从句,常位于系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。1.由从属连词that,whether引导的表语从句。(1)that在引导表语从
3、句时无词义,而whether有词义,意为“是否”。(2)主句的主语常常是一些抽象名词,如question(问题),trouble(麻烦),problem(问题),result(结果),chance(可能性),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主语的内容具体化。(3)主句的主语如果是advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等时,表语从句应用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。The trouble is _(她丢了钱).The question is _(我们是否还需要更多的冰淇淋).My
4、 advice is that you _(练习说英语)as often as possible.that she has lost her moneywhether we need more ice cream(should)practise speaking English2.由连接代词引导的表语从句。连接代词who,what,which,whom,whose等引导表语从句,在表语从句中作主语、宾语、表语,连接代词不能省略。Thats _(他正在担心的事).What I want to know is _(谁将带我们去车站).The question is _(我应该选哪一台电脑).wha
5、t he is worrying aboutwho will lead us to the stationwhich computer I should choose3.由连接副词引导的表语从句。连接副词 where,when,how,why 等引导表语从句,在表语从句中作状语,连接副词不能省略。Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.Thats _ I got wet through.She had a bad cold.That is _ she didnt attend
6、 school yesterday.wherewhywhy4.由从属连词because引导的表语从句。It/This/That is because.句型中从属连词because引导表语从句,意为“这就是为什么/因为”。“That is because.”与“That is why.”之间的不同在于“That is because.”指原因或理由,“That is why.”则指各种原因所造成的结果。昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是因为他有很多作业要做。_.这是因为她没有理解我的意思。_我想这是因为你做得太多。_He did not see the film last night.That is
7、because he had much homework to doThis is because she didnt understand me.I think it is because you are doing too much.5.由从属连词 as if/as though引导的表语从句。as if/as though引导的表语从句,其谓语动词一般为系动词seem,look,sound等,意为“好像,仿佛,犹如”。二者引导的从句中,谓语部分经常使用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实情况不符或相反时,谓语动词多使用过去式(be的过去式一般用were,在非正式英语中,主语是一、三人称时也可以用wa
8、s)。表示与过去事实情况不符或相反时,谓语部分经常使用“had+过去分词”。表示与将来事实情况不符或相反时,谓语部分经常使用“would+动词原形”。We have only ten minutes left.It looks as if we _(be)late.She loves Tom very much.It looks as if he _(be)her son.It looks as if _(要下雪了).It seems as if _(他不知道答案).will bewereit is going to snowhe didnt know the answer【内化用】语法填空。
9、The problem is _can replace her.Listen,it sounds as if it _(rain)outside.This is _they once lived.It looked as if we _(live)here for ten years.whois rainingwherehad lived【常温故勤总结】【点拨迷津】表语从句易错点(1)表语从句的语序要用陈述语序;(2)reason作主语时,只能用that引导;(3)if不能引导表语从句。课时素养达标.选用适当的连接词填空that,where,what,how,why,whether,becau
10、se,as if1.The question discussed at the meeting was _ it was worth trying.2.All this was over twenty years ago,but it seems _it were only yesterday.3.The trouble is _ I lost the key to my room.4.Im a bit sleepy.Its _ I was up all night.5.That was _ I spent my holiday.6.My suggestion is _ we(should)s
11、tart early tomorrow.whetheras if/thatthatbecausewherethat7.I didnt phone her,and thats _ she got angry with me.8.Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _ worries the public.9.The problem is _ we can finish the task before Tuesday.whywhathow.完成句子1.The fact was _.事实是他没有真正地努力过。2.Th
12、e question is _.问题是明天是否会下雨。3.It seems _.看起来她好像已经认识米莉好多年了。4.Thats _.那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。that he didnt really trywhether it will rain tomorrowas if/that she had known Millie for yearswhere I first met her5.The problem is _.问题是谁真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。6.Thats _.那就是我写信发表我自己的观点的原因。7.The question remains _.问题还是他们能否帮我们。8.T
13、he little girl is no longer _.这个小女孩已经不再是以前的那个小女孩了。who is really fit for the hard jobwhy Im writing to voice my opinionwhether they will be able to help uswhat she used to be.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Way back in 1674,a frog helped Antonie van Leeuwenhoek make an incredible discovery.Antoni
14、e was an amateur scientist from Holland,so fascinated by microscopes 1._ hed built some of his own.One rainy day,as he went for a walk,a leaping frog 2._(draw)his attention to a puddle.Antonie collected a drop of puddle water and put it 3._ his microscope.He was amazed 4._(see)a whole community of c
15、reatures swimming in this one drop tiny beings no one had ever seen before.These tiny beings,called microbes,are everywhere:in dirt,in food and on your kitchen table.People 5._(cover)in them,too.6._ you were to count all the microbes on and inside your body,you would find your body has more microbes
16、 than the world has peopleover 10 billion!Microbes cant survive on 7._(they)own.They need food.After 8._(settle)into a homeyou,for instancethey steal vitamins and other nutrients and leave behind dead cells and poisonous liquids called toxins.Some microbes can make you sick.People usually call these
17、 ones germs.9._(lucky)for you,there are more 10._(help)microbes,working together to keep you healthy,than bad ones.【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,通过安东尼列文虎克用显微镜发现水滴中的微生物引出话题,指出微生物无处不在,但大多数微生物对人体是有益的。1.【解析】that。考查连词。根据前文的so可知本空应用that引导结果状语从句,so.that.意为“如此以至于”。2.【解析】drew。考查动词时态。根据One rainy day,as he went for a walk可知本
18、句应用一般过去时,所以填drew。3.【解析】under。考查介词。根据常识可知,要把物体放到显微镜下面观察,故用介词under“在下面”。4.【解析】to see。考查固定搭配。be amazed to do sth.为固定用法,意为“对做某事感到很惊讶”。5.【解析】are covered。考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知,此处讲述客观事实,应用一般现在时;本句中的cover和主语People之间是被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are covered。6.【解析】If。考查连词。句意:如果你要数你身体上和身体内所有的微生物,你会发现你的身体内外有比世界上的人口还要多的微生物超过100亿!根据语境可知,本空应用连词If引导条件状语从句。7.【解析】their。考查固定搭配。on ones own为固定用法,意为“单独地,独自地”。8.【解析】settling。考查动名词。介词After后要用动名词形式,故本空应填settling。9.【解析】Luckily。考查副词。放在句首,修饰整个句子,用副词。10.【解析】helpful。考查形容词。根据语境可知,本空应用形容词修饰名词microbes,所以填helpful。
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