1、河北中考阅读专训 完形填空 素养:思维品质 话题:人与自然 难度:中 建议用时:7分钟2021上海月考改编We know that trees are useful in our everyday life.They 1us many things,such as wood,oxygen(氧气),rubber,herbal medicine and so on.They can also 2us a lot about our climate(气候).If you 3a tree,you can see that it has many annual rings(年轮).Most trees
2、grow one new annual ring 4year.Because of this reason,we know 5a tree is.A tree over a hundred years old means that it has more than a hundred 6.When the climate is ideal for trees,the annual rings are usually 7.1.A.takeB.askC.giveD.get2.A.talkB.sayC.speakD.tell3.A.cut downB.climb upC.walk pastD.loo
3、k at4.A.everyB.manyC.firstD.all5.A.how manyB.how longC.how oldD.how much6.A.rootsB.leaves C.stemsD.annual rings7.A.bigB.smallC.longD.wideIf the annual rings are suddenly very narrow(窄的),it means that the 8changes suddenly.If we look at the annual rings on a tree,we can 9about the climate.We can see
4、10our climate are changing today.8.A.climateB.treeC.soilD.animal9.A.worryB.learn C.care D.draw10.A.howB.whyC.whenD.while答案 【解题导语】这篇短文主要介绍了树木的年轮,根据树木的年轮我们不仅可以推断出树木的年龄,还可以判断它成长过程中的气候情况。1.C 根据空后的 such as wood,oxygen(氧气),rubber,herbal medicine and so on和常识可知,此处指树木给我们很多东西,故选C。2.Dtell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某
5、事,是固定短语,故选D。3.Acut down 砍倒;climb up 爬上;walk past 走过;look at 看。根据空后的you can see that it has many annual rings(年轮)可知,此处指砍倒一棵树,故选A。4.A 根据语境及常识可知,此处指每年,故选A。答案5.C 根据年轮可以知道一棵树的年龄,故用how old。6.D 一棵一百多岁的树意味着它有一百多圈年轮。根据上文中的 Most trees grow one new annual ring 4 year可知,此处指年轮。7.D 根据下文中的If the annual rings are s
6、uddenly very narrow(窄的)可推知,此处描述相反的情况,即气候条件理想时,年轮通常很宽,故选D。8.A 上下文主要讲述年轮与气候的关系,此处指的是气候突然变化,故选A。9.Blearn about sth.意为了解到/得知某事,符合语境。10.A 我们可以明白我们现在的气候是如何变化的。根据语境可知,此处用how引导宾语从句,表示方式。阅读理解 素养:文化意识 话题:动物与植物 难度:难 建议用时:8分钟Bananas are the perfect snack.Not only are they sweet and delicious,but they are easy t
7、o carry around.Best of all,bananas provide different things that the human body needs!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain.They grow on plants that look like trees.The banana plant,however,is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesnt have a strong,woody stem.The plants
8、 can grow as high as 30 feet.When they reach their full height,flowers grow out from the stem.These flowers produce bananas.Two or three times each year,the plants produce fruit.The bananas grow together,which seem like hands.A hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas.Growers sometimes call bananas finge
9、rs.Each bunch(丛)of bananas has about 15 hands,so a whole bunch may have as many as 300 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.After about three months,the bananas are ready to be picked.At this point,they still arent the sunny yellow color of bananas.Farmers pick them when theyre green.Thats how
10、 theyre shipped to stores.They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.If you love bananas,youve got a lot of company.Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876.Today,Americans eat more bananas than any other fruit.More bananas are s
11、old than apples and grapes together.Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!1.The first paragraph mainly talks about.A.why people like bananasB.how bananas tasteC.what bananas are rich inD.where bananas are taken2.What is the correct order in which these happen?a.The bananas begin to
12、 turn yellow.b.A banana plant grows to full height.c.The flowers produce bananas.d.The bananas are ready to be picked.A.c-b-a-dB.b-c-d-aC.b-c-a-dD.c-b-d-a3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The banana plant is a kind of tree.B.Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.C.One b
13、unch of bananas may weigh over 100 pounds.D.The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.4.Which of the following is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?A.Apples.B.Grapes.C.Bananas.D.Oranges.答案 【解题导语】香蕉是许多人都喜欢吃的水果。本文分析了人们喜欢吃香蕉的原因,还介绍了香蕉生长的过程等信息。1.A 段落大意题。通读第一段可
14、知,本段主要讲的是人们为什么喜欢吃香蕉,故答案为A。2.B 细节理解题。通读第二段到第四段内容可知正确的顺序是B项。3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的so a whole bunch may have as many as 300 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds可知选C。4.A 细节理解题。根据图表可知,在美国第二受欢迎的水果是苹果。任务型阅读 素养:思维品质 话题:动物与植物 难度:中 建议用时:7分钟原创Animals can move from place to place,but plants cant.When an animal
15、 is under attack,it can run away or fight back.Plants cant run away or fight back because they have no legs or claws.But plants can also protect themselves in both physical and chemical ways.Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away.For example,the leaves of the hollies have sharp prickle
16、s(刺)that discourage animals.Holly leaves on lower places have more prickles than leaves on upper places.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.Some plants,such as the oak trees(橡树),have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some plants may contain
17、 a rough material in their stems,so eating such leaves wears down the animals teeth.Many plants also have the chemical defense.Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants may protect themselves by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a wor
18、m bites a tobacco leaf,the leaf produces a chemical smell.Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defense.A kind of plant in China,for instance,has prickly leaves,and each prickle has poisonous(有毒的)water.Only one experience with this kind of plant will teach the animal to stay away from it
19、in the future.1、2题完成句子;3题简略回答问题;4题找出并写下全文的主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉语1.When plants are under attack,they can,too.2.The leaves of the hollies have sharp prickles to.3.How does a tobacco leaf protect itself according to the passage?4.5.答案【解题导语】文章介绍了不同的植物有不同的保护自己的方式。1.protect themselves2.keep animals away/discourage animals3.The leaf produces a chemical smell./By producing a chemical smell.4.But plants can also protect themselves in both physical and chemical ways.5.一些植物,例如橡树,有着厚而坚硬的叶子,这些叶子动物难以食用。
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