1、Unit 4Exploring literature Extended reading&Project词汇知识自主学习.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1.I am _(非常)pleased to hear from you.2.Personally,I think we should not _(破坏)the old towns beauty.3.Only in this way can you _(战胜)the disease.4.I _(试图)to apply for a part-time job in a foreign trading company.5.He stood up q
2、uickly and tried to _(扶直)his motorbike,but failed.6.The flower girl sold _(在旁边)the road,but no one bought her flowers.extremelydestroydefeatattemptstraightenalongside7.She listened with a _(困惑的)expression on her face.8.Lightning is the _(闪现)of light which occurs during a thunderstorm.9.Upon reaching
3、 the top of the mountain,a feeling of happiness and a sense of _(成就)will be experienced.10.He said with a firm voice,“Teaching is a _(崇高的)job.”confusedflashachievementnoble.根据提示用恰当的短语填空clear up,hold on,pull on,get over,hold up,with all ones strength,pull over,on the point of1.It _(放晴)soon after the
4、rain.2.He got out of bed and _(穿上)his clothes.3.It took me a very long time to _(克服)the shock of her death.4.Could you _(坚持)?Ill just see if the managers in.5.She _(举起)her arm and wiped her tears off.cleared uppulled onget overhold onheld up6.He lifted the huge stone _(用全力).7._(靠边停车)is when you go t
5、o the side of the road and stop.8.He was _(正要)saying something when the phone rang.with all his strengthPulling overon the point of.翻译句子1.The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.这时鱼正兜了一个圈子回来,_。2.Never have I seen a greater,or more beautiful,
6、or a calmer or more noble thing than you,brother._,老弟。3.Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like a man.保持头脑清醒,要像个男子汉,_。既沉着又美丽,只有它的大尾巴在动我从没见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更沉着或更崇高的东西懂得怎样忍受痛苦4.The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.那鱼竖直了身子,又慢慢地游开去,_。5.Ill try it a
7、gain,the old man promised,although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes.“我还要试一下,”老人对自己承诺说,_,眼睛也只能忽而看得清,忽而又看不清。大尾巴在海面上摇摆着尽管他的双手这时已经血肉模糊阅读精析合作学习Task 1 框架宏观建构:整体理解1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks2.What is the text type of the passage?A.Diary.B.Poetry.C.Novel.D.Biograp
8、hy.答案:C3.Whats the main idea of this passage?The passage described the old mans _with a huge fish when catching it on the sea,which reflects his spirit of _.strugglebravery and perseveranceTask 2 文本微观剖析:细节探究1.Choose the best answer.(1)What did the old man want to do with the huge fish in the passage
9、?A.He just played with the fish.B.He tried to pull the fish over to his boat.C.He wanted to kill the fish at once.D.He just watched the fish swimming in the sea.(2)Which word cannot be used to describe the old man?A.Stupid.B.Brave.C.Persistent.D.Humorous.(3)Which statement is true about the passage?
10、A.There are many characters in the story.B.There are many dialogues in the story.C.This is the story of the writers own life.D.There are a lot of mental activities.答案:(1)(3)BAD2.Long sentence analysis.译文:但是,大鱼还不曾游到船边,_,_,大鱼被拉歪了一点,_。他便使尽平生力气拼命拉扯不久又竖直了身子,游开译文:“_,”老人对自己承诺说,_,眼睛也只能忽而看得清,忽而又看不清。我还要试一下尽管他
11、的双手这时已经血肉模糊Task 3阅读思维升华:主题实践What do you think of the old man?(Logical Thinking 逻辑性思维)_The man has a very strong will power,and he is also too brave and determinedto be defeated.The old mans spirit of“Never say never.”is forever worthlearning.要点精研探究学习1.destroy vt.摧毁,毁灭,破坏*(2019北京高考)By the time she wa
12、s 13,her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids teeth,instead of destroying them.到她13岁的时候,她的公司已经价值数百万美元,并且还发明了一种超级糖果,可以保护孩子们的牙齿,而不是破坏它们。*Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm.暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。*Entire villages have been
13、 washed away.Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops ruined.整个村庄全部都被冲走了。道路和桥梁都被破坏了,农作物也全毁了。【易混辨析】damage既可作动词,也可作名词,指部分“损坏”“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低destroy只能用作动词,指彻底地破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”“毁灭”讲ruin表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,是长期损坏的结果。它既可以表示毁灭具体事物,也可以用来表示抽象概念上的“毁掉或破坏”【即学活用】选词填空(damage,destroy,ruin)。(1)The bridge was badly
14、_by the flood.(2)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in _.(3)Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories,_fourteen homes.damagedruinsdestroying2.defeat vt.击败,战胜 n.失败,战败;击败*(2018天津高考)I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.我知道我们会赢,但令我失望
15、的是我们输了。*I believe nothing can defeat you.我相信什么都打不垮你。*In spite of numerous defeats,they still had plenty of fight left in them.虽然他们失败过很多次,但仍然斗志昂扬。【小词汇大文化】A man can be destroyed but not defeated.Ernest Hemingway人可以被毁灭,但不能被打败。欧内斯特海明威(该句话出自美国作家海明威的老人与海,作者在书中描写的主人公圣地亚哥是海明威所崇尚的完美的人的象征:坚强、宽厚、仁慈、充满爱心,即使在人生的
16、角斗场上失败了,面对不可逆转的命运,他仍然是精神上的强者,是“硬汉子”。)【即学活用】(1)语法填空。He played an important role in _(defeat)COVID-19.(2)Although cancer is hard to cure,it _.虽然癌症很难治愈,但它是可以战胜的。defeatingcan be defeated3.attempt vt.&n.努力,尝试,试图*(2019全国卷)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in
17、Africa.每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。*He made an attempt to win the first prize.他试图要获得一等奖。*I passed my driving test at the first attempt.我考汽车驾驶执照第一次就通过了。【词块积累】(1)attempt to do sth.试图做某事(2)make an attempt to do sth.试图做某事at the first attempt第一次尝试【即学活用】语法填空。(1)He attempted _(build)a close relationship with h
18、is teachers.(2)His failure at _first attempt didnt disappoint him.(3)The doctors are making _attempt to prevent cancer cells spreading.to buildthean4.straighten vt.挺直;(使)变直,变正*She sipped her coffee and straightened a picture on the wall.她抿了一口咖啡,把墙上的一幅画扶正。*Ill try to straighten the matter out once an
19、d for all.我要彻底地把这事情理清楚。*He hasnt come round yet.Could you try and straighten him out?他一时想不通,你开导开导他好吗?【词块积累】(1)straighten sth.out 使某事好转,把某事办好/澄清straighten sb.out使某人想通,开导某人(2)straight adj.直的;连续的adv.直接地【即学活用】语法填空。(1)He always stayed after school to _(straight)chairs and mop the floor.(2)There are still
20、 many things to straighten _before we can build this factory.straightenout5.confused adj.糊涂的,迷惑的,不清楚的,混乱的*(2019江苏高考)In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high.不到一个星期,他就成了一个五百英尺高的圆锥体的糊涂的主人。*If you are confused about anything,phone my office.如果你对任何事情感到困惑,打电话到我的办公室。*You conf
21、used me with your questions.你的问题把我弄糊涂了。*His composition was so confusing that I could hardly make any sense of it.他的作文令人费解,我几乎看不懂。【词块积累】be confused about对感到困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的confuse sb.with sth.某物使某人困惑【名师点津】当修饰与人有关的look,voice,expression等时,常用confused而不用confusing。【即学活用】(1)语法填空。As teenagers grow,it
22、is normal for them to become _(confuse)with the changing world both inside and outside of them.I want to write down the two _(confuse)words.(2)同义替换。(替换黑体部分)The puzzled(=_)look on his face made us puzzling(=_).confusingconfusedconfusingconfused6.Never have I seen a greater,or more beautiful,or a calm
23、er or more noble thing than you,brother.我从没见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更沉着或更崇高的东西,老弟。【句式解构】本句中“never have I seen”是倒装结构。当具有否定意义的副词never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,no sooner,no longer,nowhere等放在句首时,主句用部分倒装。*Never have I seen a situation which made him so angry.我从未见过使他如此生气的情况。*Seldom does he go out for dinner.他很少出去吃饭
24、。*Hardly does she have time to listen to music.她几乎没时间听音乐。【名师点津】部分倒装句式结构荟萃以下结构放在句首时,主句使用部分倒装:“not until+句子”;“not only+句子”;“only+状语”;neither或nor;so+adj./adv.。【即学活用】句型转换(把下面的句子变成倒装句)。(1)This city has never been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.=_in greater need of modern publ
25、ic transport than it is today.(2)He realized that he was wrong then.=_that he was wrong.Never has this city beenOnly then did he realize(3)He is not only a teacher but also a poet.=_,but he is also a poet.(4)We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off.=_than the plane took off.Not o
26、nly is he a teacherNo sooner had we reached the airport【要点拾遗】The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.这时鱼正兜了一个圈子回来,既沉着又美丽,只有它的大尾巴在动。【句式解构】“only his great tail moving”是独立主格结构。它是由不同于句子主语的名词和代词加上动词的非谓语形式、介词短语、形容词、副词等构成的。它本身不是句子,在句子当中作状语表示时间、原因、条
27、件、伴随、目的以及状态等,用来修饰整个句子。*Weather permitting,we shall go there on foot.如果天气允许,我们将步行去那里。*The task well finished,we were given a prize.任务圆满完成,我们得了奖。*Many trees,flowers,and grass to be planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。【名师点津】(1)with复合结构,也可以看作是独立主格结构。(2)
28、独立主格结构中如果有动词,其形式取决于它与逻辑主语的关系和要表达的意义。如:The manager looks worried,many things to settle.经理看上去很着急,有这么多的事情要处理。(事情还没有处理,而且是由经理本人来处理,用不定式to settle,表示将来的时间)The manager looks relaxed,many things settled.许多事情已经处理好了,经理看上去很轻松。(事情已经处理好了,用过去分词settled表示动作已经结束)【即学活用】语法填空。(1)The boy _(find)the way,we had no trouble finding the strange cave.(2)He was listening attentively in class,his eyes _(fix)on the blackboard.leadingfixed
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