1、Unit 4History and TraditionsReading for Writing词汇知识自主学习.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1._the car 给车充电2._the exciting news 宣布这个令人激动的消息3.the exact _确切的数量4._the house which is about to fall down 接近即将倒塌的房子5._to find something to eat 想找些吃的6.be _warmly by the villagers 受到村民们热情的欢迎chargeannounceamountapproacheagergreeted
2、7._the safety of their children 确保他们的孩子们的安全8.A large _一大群人9.The gentleman is so _(慷慨的)that he often gives away his money to those who need it.10.The visitors found the exact _(位置)of the tower on the map and went to visit it.ensurecrowdgenerousposition.根据提示用恰当的短语填空1.What he said and did _(对有很大的影响)his
3、 son.2.The dark sky is _(点缀)bright stars.3.Those who work hard _(很可能)achieve success.4.The students were asked to _(详细描述)how the party was held.5.The whole mountain village was _(成为废墟)after the earthquake.6.The scientist decided to _(对进行一些研究)the cause of the disease.had a great influence ondotted wi
4、thare likely togive a full description ofin ruinsdo some research on读写结合表达升级描述喜欢的地方【文体感知】Task 1 框架宏观建构:整体理解1.Skim and find out the main idea of the passage.The passage is mainly about _of Ireland.2.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with different senses.(1)the peaceful landscape of the“Emerald
5、 Isle”and its many green counties()(2)the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds()(3)the sun on your skin()(4)the sweet scent of fresh flowers()(5)a glass of wine or a local beer()the beautiful scenery and its traditionssighthearingtouchsmelltasteTask 2 文本微观剖析:特色表达Choose the best answer1.
6、Which of the following can not be seen in the“Emerald Isle”?A.Many green counties.B.Rolling green hills.C.Sheep and cattle.D.Beautiful lakes.2.What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?A.The beautiful countryside scenery of the Ireland.B.The long history of the Irish countryside.C.The
7、traditions of the Irish countryside.D.Many green counties in the Ireland.3.What should you do if you want to experience local culture and customs first-hand?A.Meet a local guide.B.Introduce yourself to a friendly face.C.Surf the Internet.D.Have a trip with your parents.答案:13.DAB【实践应用】【模板构建】Welcome t
8、o_.My name is _.I am very glad to be your local guide for todays visit.Now Id like to give you a brief introduction of the Yangtze Three Gorges.The Yangtze Three Gorges_(就地理位置、面积等做简单介绍).Well,look through the windows,please.This is the first one _QutangGorge _(对所参观景点进行介绍).Time flies.Our visit is comi
9、ng to an end and it is very difficult for me to say goodbye to you._(表示祝愿).【典题仿写】(2020福州高一检测)假设你是导游,根据以下内容,用80词左右向游客简单介绍英国的情况。国家大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国首都伦敦(别称:雾都)地理位置欧洲西北部,面向大西洋人口约6 444万面积24.41万平方千米气候冬暖夏凉,整年雨量充足国情1.由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰组成;2.历史悠久,景点众多,如大本钟、格林威治等;3.世界工业化(industrialize)最早的国家之一,对人类工业化(human industria
10、lization)做出了贡献。遣词造句1.完成句子(1)它的气候冬暖夏凉,整年雨量充足。It enjoys _and has lots of rainfall throughout the year.(2)它拥有的总面积为244 100平方千米。It has _244,100 square kilometers.(3)它的人口大约为6 444万。It _about 64.44 million.(4)它的首都是伦敦,它是著名的雾都。Its capital is London,which _the City of Fog.(5)它有很多的名胜古迹,像大本钟、格林威治等。It has many _,
11、such as Big Ben,Greenwich and so on.warm winters and cool summersa total area ofhas a population ofis well-known asplaces of interest2.句式升级(6)用with复合结构改写句(1)_.(7)用with短语合并句(2)和句(3)_.yearIt enjoys warm winters and cool summers with lots of rainfall throughout the64.44 millionIt has a total area of 24
12、4,100 square kilometers,with a population of about完美成篇Ladies and gentlemen,Im glad to be your guide.Now let me introduce the UK to you.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland in the northwest of Europe,facing the Atlantic Ocean
13、.Therefore,it enjoys warm winters and cool summers with lots of rainfall throughout the year.It has a total area of 244,100 square kilometers,with a population of about 64.44 million.Its capital is London,well-known as the City of Fog.Thanks to its long history,it has many places of interest such as
14、 Big Ben,Greenwich and so on.Besides,it is among the highly industrialized countries in the world,making great contributions to human industrialization.I hope you can enjoy yourselves here.Thank you!【话题拓展】1.话题特点景点介绍属于说明文。写作时要注意理清与写作主题有关的地理位置、人口、面积、气候等内容。文章结构为三层,开头部分引出所需介绍的内容;正文详细描述所需介绍的景点的特色;结束部分表达出
15、美好的祝愿。2.话题词汇have a great influence on对有巨大的影响enjoy a delicious snack享受美味的小吃be likely to do sth.可能做某事experience local culture and customs体验当地的文化和风俗习惯with the beautiful scenery and fresh air有着美丽的风景和新鲜的空气have a total area of有的总面积date from/back to 起源于/追溯到be made up of/consist of由组成/构成have a long history有
16、悠久的历史be well-known/famous for/as 因为/作为而出名3.话题句式(1)I am more than delighted to know that you are going to pay a visit to China.得知你要来中国参观,我非常高兴。(2)As far as Im concerned,Xian is a good choice.据我所知西安是一个好的选择。(3)If you are lucky,you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing,too.如果你幸运的话,你也
17、可以欣赏一些传统音乐和舞蹈。(4)With all this beauty,it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions.有着如此的美景难怪爱尔兰形成了(一些)浓厚的传统。(5)I am writing to express my warm welcome and strongly recommend that you pay a visit to Xian.我正在写信表示我的热烈欢迎并且强烈推荐你去西安。(6)Hope youll have a good time in China.希望你在中国玩得愉快。(
18、7)First,as a world-famous scenic spot,the Great Wall attracts millions of travelers every day.首先,作为一个世界文明的景点,长城每天吸引了数百万人。(8)As you enter the Forbidden City,you may be amazed at the grand halls and marvelous architecture rich in historical and cultural meaning.当你进入紫禁城,看到宏伟的大厅和富有历史和文化内涵的奇妙的建筑的时候,你会非常震
19、惊。要点精研探究学习1.charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电*Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near TrafalglarSquare,where we could get our car battery charged.我和朱迪把车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场,在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。*The company was badly organized until she took charge of it.在她掌管这家公司之前,公司一直管理很差。*(2019全国卷)At f
20、irst the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was charged.起初一份报纸的价格很少达到一便士,通常收费二到三分。【词块积累】(1)in charge(of.)主管/看管/负责()take charge of.负责/看管 in/under the charge of.=in ones charge 在的掌管之下free of charge 免费(2)chargev.收费;控告;充电charge(sb.)for sth.为(向某人)收费/要价【名师点津】“the”有无大不同in c
21、harge(of)表示“主管,掌管”,主语为主管者;in the charge of表示“在的掌管之下”,主语为被掌管者。【巧学助记】“charge”的故事The old manager who was in charge of the company used to charge the workers for charging their cell phones.When the company is in the charge of the new manager,charging phones is free of charge.掌管公司的老经理过去常常因为工人们给手机充电而收费。当公
22、司在新经理的掌管之下时,充电是免费的。【即学活用】(1)语法填空Youre responsible to whoever is _charge of sales.I wonder how much you will charge me _the six-week course.(2)一句多译汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。The company is _Tom while the boss is away.Tom is _the company while the boss is away.Tom _the company while the boss is away.inforin the c
23、harge ofin charge oftakes charge of【补偿训练】We need someone to _our physical training.我们需要选一位负责我们的体育训练的人。take charge of2.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称*When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.当我们最终到达服务台要求提供语音导览机时,我们听到服务台宣布已经没有语音导
24、览机了。*The IOC announced the decision to the world that the Tokyo Olympic Games would be started on July 23 2021.国际奥委会向世界宣布了东京奥运会将在2021年7月23日开始的决定。*It is announced that there will be a celebration on National Day.据宣布,国庆节要举办庆祝会。【词块积累】(1)announce sth.to sb.向某人宣告某事It is announced that.据宣布(2)announcement
25、n.通告;宣告make an announcement 宣布announcer n.播音员;广播员【名师点津】看announce如何加宾语announce的宾语只能是sth.或that从句,不能加双宾语,“向某人宣布或通知某人”应用announce to sb.【即学活用】(1)语法填空It is wise to announce the news _the public.The _made an _that all the details should _ through the broadcast.(announce)(2)_only when COVID-19 is got rid of
26、 will the residents be permitted to go out freely.据通知,只有当新型冠状病毒肺炎被消灭掉,居民才能自由外出。toannouncerannouncementbe announcedIt is announced that【补偿训练】(1)语法填空His dream is to be an _(announce)when he grows up.The public was surprised to hear the _(announce)made by the government.(2)_nobody should destroy the eq
27、uipment in the lab.据通知,任何人不应该破坏实验室里的设备。announcerannouncementIt is announced that3.amount n.金额;数量*Im afraid itll cost a large amount of money.恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。*(2019全国卷)Today$8 or$10 seems a small amount of money,but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.现在8美元或10美元似乎是少量的钱,但当时对大多数市民来说这
28、些金额是难以想象的。【词块积累】(1)a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的(2)in large/small amounts大量地/少量地【名师点津】a large amount of+不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数,large amounts of+不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数。【知识延伸】大量的“大量”表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of,a great deal of,plenty of,a lot of等。(1)a great deal of,a large amount of只能修饰不可数名词;(2)a large
29、number of只能修饰可数名词复数;(3)a lot of,plenty of既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。【即学活用】(1)语法填空A large amount of money _(be)to be spent in building a new bridge for the village.At that time,small amounts of land _(use)for keeping animals.(2)句型转换The government has spent much money and time taking care of the health of t
30、he citizens.The government has spent _money and time taking care of the health of the citizens.iswere useda large amount of【补偿训练】There are _and a great many examinations for us students every day.对我们学生来说每天有大量的作业和考试。large amounts of homework4.approach n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近*It was hard to appr
31、oach the painting as there were so many people around.周围有那么多人,很难接近那幅画。*（2020天津高考）You should remain modest when approaching perfection.当你接近完美时，应该保持谦虚。*All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.通往宫殿的所有道路都有士兵守卫。*All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.通往宫殿的所有道路都有士兵守卫。【词块积累
32、】(1)approach sb./sth.靠近/接近某人/某物be approaching 临近,靠近(2)(an)approach to接近,近似;(做某事)的方法(途径)at the approach of在快到的时候【名师点津】approach表示“接近,近似;(做某事)的方法”时,后接介词to。【熟词生义】*It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way.处理这个问题也许可以用一种不同的方法。()*The charity approached several stores about giving food
33、 aid.慈善机构找了几家商店,请求他们给予食品援助。()vt.处理,对付vt.向提出要求,与接洽【易混辨析】approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法、态度。常用approach to sth.means指实现目的的任何手段,或使用某种交通工具的方式。常用by means ofmethod指有条理的、系统的办法,特别指新的办法。常用method ofway使用范围很广,但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中。常用way of doing/way to do【即学活用】(1)语法填空At the meeting they discussed three different _(approac
34、h)to the study of maths.We were sad to find all the approaches _the airport blocked by the police.approachesto(2)句式升级As the college entrance examination is drawing near,some students are getting more and more nervous.(用with复合结构)_,some students are getting more and more nervous.With the college entra
35、nce examination approaching/around the corner【补偿训练】(1)(2018天津高考)Unfortunately,just as I took out my camera,a woman _from behind.(2)_,it is becoming cooler and cooler.随着秋季的到来,天气越来越凉爽了。approachedWith autumn approaching5.eager adj.渴望的;热切的*Compared with adults,children are more eager to explore the worl
36、d around them.和成年人比起来,孩子们更渴望探索他们周围的世界。*Children in the village are eager for knowledge.村里的孩子渴求知识。*As soon as the girl got home,she went to put on the new skirt eagerly.那个女孩一到家就急切地去穿上新裙子。【词块积累】(1)be eager for.渴望be eager to do.渴望做某事(2)eagerly adv.急切地;渴望地;热心地(3)eagerness n.渴望;热心【名师点津】be eager for=long
37、for渴望be eager to do sth.=long to do sth.渴望做某事【即学活用】(1)语法填空Mike is eager _(stay)away from the busy city life for a while.The man never loses his _(eager)to help those in need in spite of difficulty.(2)一句多译老师很高兴她班上的每个人都渴望学习。The teacher is very glad that everyone in her class _.=The teacher is very gla
38、d that everyone in her class _.to stayeagernessis eager to studyis eager for study【补偿训练】(1)He _take up some job.他热切地要开始从事某种工作。(2)He _really _success.他渴望成功。(3)I was deeply touched by their _(eager)to learn.was eager toiseager foreagerness6.roll vi.&vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚;面包圈;名单*(2019全国卷)It took a fe
39、w youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.这需要年轻有胆略的商人来开始做这件事情。*People may roll their eyes and talk about overprotective grandmothers.*人们可能会翻着白眼讨论过分溺爱的祖母们。【词块积累】roll out铺开;滚出roll in蜂拥而来roll up 卷起;滚滚上升roll down摇下;滚下roll ones eyes翻白眼rock and roll摇滚乐get the ball rolling开始【熟词生义】Pro-democr
40、acy activists say a new electoral roll should be drawn up.()亲民主派活动分子们说应当起草一份新的候选人名单。n.名单【即学活用】(1)Offers of help are still _.援助正在大量涌入。(2)He _his car window and started shouting at them.他摇下车窗,朝他们大声喊。(3)She looked at Ginny and tears _her cheeks.她看着金尼,泪珠顺着脸颊淌下。rolling inrolled downrolled down7.crowd n.人
41、群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使拥挤*(2019全国卷)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山,挤满了成群的游客,破坏了它宁静的气氛,它应得这样的声誉吗?*A crowd of 2,000 was surprised at the end of the concert.音乐会结束时,2 000名观众很吃惊。*We had to push our way through the
42、 crowd.我们得从人群中挤过去。*Hundreds of thousands of people have crowded into the centre of the city.几十万人涌进了市中心。【词块积累】(1)a crowd of 一大群;许多的the crowd 人群(2)crowd into 涌入;挤入(3)crowded adj.拥挤的;塞满的be crowded with挤满了;充满【即学活用】(1)语法填空The beaches were _(crowd)every hot Sunday in summer.From across the fields came che
43、ers of _crowd.(2)(2019浙江高考)Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests _that compete with big trees for resources.声势浩大的对野火的控制,使得加利福尼亚的森林,长满了一些小树,它们和大树竞争资源。crowdedthecrowdedwith small trees8.With all this beauty,it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that includ
44、e music,dancing,and dining.有了这些美景,爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统也就不足为奇了。句中it为形式主语,that引导主语从句,that仅起连接作用。英语中用it作形式主语的常见句型有:(1)It+be+adj.+主语从句*It is important that we(should)speak politely.我们说话要有礼貌,这是很重要的。*It is necessary that I(should)return it this morning.今天早上我就有必要把它还回去。【名师点津】如若形容词为 important/necessary,go
45、od/wrong,natural.表达一种要求,命令或者责备时,多使用虚拟语气(should+v.)。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情,完全可以用一般的陈述语气。(2)It+be+过去分词+主语从句这类过去分词有:announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等。*It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.有人建议推迟会议。*It is reported that half of the university graduates cant find
46、 satisfying jobs.据报道,一半的大学毕业生无法找到令人满意的工作。如果主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词,如suggested/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded等时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should 可以省略。(3)It+be+名词词组+主语从句这类名词有:a fact,a pity,a shame,an honour,a question等。*It is an honour that I have been invited to attend the meeting together with
47、some scientists.很荣幸我被邀请与一些科学家一起出席会议。(4)It+不及物动词+主语从句这类不及物动词有:appear,seem,happen,matter等。译为“好像/碰巧”。例如:*It happened that many of my classmates work in the same company with me.碰巧我的很多同学与我在同一家公司工作。【即学活用】(1)语法填空It is desirable that everything _(be)ready by five oclock.Its important that he _(remember)thi
48、s.(2018全国卷)Its necessary that you _(know)about table manners of China.(should)be(should)remember(should)know(2)It is strange that she _in such a rude manner.真奇怪,她竟然用那么无礼的方式跟她母亲说话。(3)_Wuhan University invited people to enjoy cherry blossoms online on March 16.据报道,武汉大学于3月16日邀请人们在线赏樱花。should speak to h
49、er motherIt was reported that【补偿训练】(1)_the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过,并且在伦敦去世。(2)_she will do well in her exam.她在考试中会做得好,这是确定无疑的。(3)句型转换He is reported to have won the game._he has won the game.It seemed strange thatIt is certain
50、thatIt is reported that【要点拾遗】1.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的*Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.卡尔和他的朋友住在一个慷慨的家庭里,这一家人为他们提供自制的黄油蜂蜜面包。*She was always very generous in helping those in trouble.她总是很慷慨地帮助那些困境中的人们。*She was generous
51、 with her money though she was not rich.尽管她并不富裕,但她很乐于仗义疏财。【词块积累】(1)be generous in doing sth.乐于做某事/在做某事上不吝惜be generous to/towards sb.对某人宽宏大量be generous with用很大方(2)generously adv.慷慨地;宽大地generosity n.慷慨;大方;宽宏大量【熟词生义】Toms mother treated me with a generous meal.()generous adj.丰盛的【即学活用】(1)语法填空He is genero
52、us _his help when he finds someone in need.His _(generous)to the poor is well known.(2)_to share their meal with their out-of-work neighbors.他们愿意让失业的邻居共享餐食,真的十分慷慨。withgenerosityIt was very generous of them2.greet vt.迎接;问候*(2019江苏高考)Li Jiang and Su Hua dont agree on what to wear when greeting the Bri
53、tish students.李江和苏华在迎接英国学生时的着装上意见不一。*The children in the kindergarten greeted the guests with flowers and dances.幼儿园的孩子们用鲜花和舞蹈迎接客人。*Please give my greetings to Miss Macleod.请代我向麦克劳德小姐问好。【词块积累】(1)greet sb.with.用迎接某人/向某人打招呼(2)greeting n.(常用复数形式)问候;祝贺;贺词【即学活用】(1)语法填空She greeted us _a smile when she saw
54、 us in the street.She sent us a card with birthday _(greet).(2)He _as they arrived.客人到达时他都热情接待。withgreetingsgreeted all the guests warmly1.分析海报的语篇结构,并填出具体格式名称。主题活动迁移应用_ _ name of traditional festivalssloganexamplesactivity and meaninginvitation2.把上面的海报改写成一篇演讲稿并在班会上宣读。Hello,everyone.Im very pleased t
55、o introduce Chinese traditions to you.There are many traditions in China,especially some festivals,which are mainly celebrations.The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China,which is to _(庆祝中国农历新年的到来)and the end of an old year.People _(放烟火吃美味饺子)with family members.Children always wear
56、 new clothes and _(得到压岁钱).And two weeks later is the Lantern Festival,when _(将会悬挂彩色灯笼)and people will eat sweet celebrate the coming of the Chinese lunar new yearset off fireworks and eat delicious jiaoziget lucky moneycolorful lanterns will be hungdumplings.The Dragon-boat festival is _(为了纪念中国古代诗人屈
57、原),and dragon-boat matches will be attended and zongzi will be enjoyed on that day.On the Mid-Autumn Festival family members can _(赏月吃月饼)together.Besides tasty food and interesting celebrations,you can _ _(更多了解中国传统)through the festivals.Join us for fun!Thats all.Thank you.in honour of the ancient Chinese poetQu Yuanadmire the moon and taste mooncakesknow moreabout Chinese traditions
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