1、UNIT 3DIVERSE CULTURESPeriod ThreeDiscovering Useful Structures&Listening and Talking课前自主预习1_ 省略；遗漏 2_ 听说 3_ 了解清楚；核实；结账离开 4_ 有年的历史 5_ 取决于 leave outhear ofcheck outhave a history ofdepend on6no way _7sound like _8cultural diversity _9Youre kidding!_10I know what you mean._没门；不可能 听起来；听上去像 文化多样性；文化多元性；
2、文化差异 你在开玩笑吧！我明白你的意思。省略1He tried to solve his financial problems,but he couldnt solve the problems.He tried to solve his financial problems,but _ _.【答案】he couldnt2If it is necessary,Ill finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible._ _，Ill finish my report on American poetry _ _ _ _.【
3、答案】If necessary；as soon as possible3Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots.Wearing a dress might be better than _ _ _.【答案】jeans and boots4Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous.Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and _ _ _.【答案】some are not课堂新知讲练1fold vt.包；裹；
4、折叠 vt.&vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平(P30)I really like that paper folding book【翻译】我真的很喜欢那本折纸书(1)fold up 折叠起来 fold in(烹饪时将调料)加入；调入(2)folding adj.折叠式的；可折叠的(3)folder n文件夹；纸夹【用法详解】Will you help me to fold up the sheets?帮我将这些床单叠起来好吗？Fold in two eggs and then cook gently for thirty minutes.拌入两只鸡蛋，然后再用文火煮半小时。You can take
5、 a folding chair with you so that you can have a rest whenever you want.你可以随身带一把折叠椅，这样你可以随时休息。【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Fold _ your clothes and put them away.(2)We find our _(fold)table a great convenience.(3)He _(fold)the letter and put it in an envelope.(4)Youd better have the bed _(fold)to save space.【答案】(1
6、)up(2)folding(3)folded(4)folded突 破 语 法【我的领悟】1句中 _(位置)省略了 _(内容)，省略部分在句中做 _(成分)；2句中 _(位置)省略了 _(内容)，省略部分在句中做_(成分)。Keys：1定语从句；a city；主语 2并列句；this district；主语 一、简单句中的省略1省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是在祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。(You)Shut up!住嘴！(You)Want a hand?需要帮忙吗？(I)Beg your pardon.请再
7、说一遍。(It)Doesnt matter.没关系。2省略宾语：当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。Do you know Miss Gao?I dont know(her)你认识高女士吗？不认识。3省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。(You come)This way,please.请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)(Have you)Got any ink?你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)二、并列句中的省略在由and或but
8、连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。1省略共同的主语或宾语。Tom picked up a book on the floor and(Tom)handed it to his teacher.汤姆在地板上捡起了一本书并把它交给了老师。2若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。Jack must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做作业。3若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。His adv
9、ice made me happy,but(his advice made)Jim angry.他的建议使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。4若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt(have a knowledge of first aid)他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。三、复合句中的省略1状语从句的省略(1)在when,while,if,as if,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,whenever等连接的状语从句
10、中，当从句的主语跟主句的主语相同且从句的谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。Wood gives off much smoke while(it is)burning.木头燃烧时产生很多烟。Whenever(it is)possible,they would stop him and ask him the three questions.只要有可能，他们就让他停下并问他这三个问题。Will you be free this Sunday?If(it is)so,lets go camping.这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。【拓展提升】省略句中的
11、谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。When(it is)heated,ice can be turned into water.加热的时候冰可以变成水。(2)在than,as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。They dont use more water than(it is)necessary.他们使用的水没有超出需要量。He runs as fast as Bob(runs)他和鲍勃跑得一样快。【拓展提升】并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after,before,because等词
12、引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语等，用动名词代替be动词。Because he was ill,he didnt attend the meeting.Because of being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.(正)Being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.(正)Because ill,he didnt attend the meeting.(误)由于生病了，他没有出席会议。2定语从句的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom,which,that可省略(但whom,which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。
13、The exact year(which/that)Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008 安哥拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。The way(that/in which)he speaks to us is really annoying.他跟我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。3宾语从句的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。I truly be
14、lieve(that)beauty comes from within.我确信美丽来自内心。He said(that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。(2)when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句有时仅保留引导词。I know that a movie star will come to our city but I dont know when(he will come to our city)我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来
15、。四、其他的省略情况1动词不定式的省略(1)当不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后做状语时，to后的内容常省略。You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to(answer the question)如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。(2)某些使役动词如make,let,have等以及感官动词如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等后面作宾补的不定式必须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则to不省略。We often
16、 hear her sing an English song in the classroom.She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。He likes to swim more than(to)skate.比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较)他认为最重要的是学习
17、而不是交朋友。(4)当不定式在某些动词后做宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,know,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,would like等。I would do it for you,but I dont know how to(do it for you)我愿意为你做这件事，但是我不知怎么做。(5)介词but,except(除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。All he could do was nothing but wait and see.他所能做的只
18、有等着瞧。(6)当不定式在be going to,be able to,have to,ought to,used to等后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to(visit their parents)他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。【拓展提升】省略的不定式内容若含有做助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be；类似这样用法的还有动词短语ought to,be going to,be about to,be supposed to,have to,used to及
19、形 容 词 glad,happy,pleased,delighted等。He didnt come,but he ought to have come.他没来，但他应该来。Are you a farmer?No,but I used to be(a farmer)你是个农民吗？不是，但我过去是。2使用so,not等时的省略 在英语中，可以用so,not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。Can you finish your work today?I think so.I dont think so./I think not.你今天能完成工作吗？我认为能。我认为不能。值得注意的是，
20、hope,guess,be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用notso的形式。The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they?I guess not.男孩子们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？我猜是没做好。3介词的省略(1)一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.be busy(in)doing sth.spend some time(in)doing sth.stop/prevent sb.(from)doing
21、sth.The heavy rain prevented him(from)arriving there on time.大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。(2)表 示 时 间 的 介 词 at,on和 in在 next,last,this,these,yesterday,tomorrow,one,any,every,each,some等词之前时，一般省略。We go to school(on)every day except Sundays.除星期天外，我们每天都上学。【答案】If you dont get up early tomorrow2While in Beijing,I paid a v
22、isit to the Summer Palace._，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.【答案】While I was in Beijing3The child wanted to play in the street,but her mother told her not to.The child wanted to play in the street,_ _.【答案】but her mother told her not to play in the street4He gave the same answer as before.He gave
23、the same answer _.【答案】as he had given before5You cant ask him to do the things he doesnt want to.You cant ask him to do the things if he doesnt want to _.【答案】do the things将下列句子改写成省略句 1John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel.John will go abroad to travel but his bro
24、ther _ _.【答案】will not2She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.She stood at the gate as if _ _ _.【答案】waiting for someone3Tom felt very nervous when he was giving a speech.Tom felt very nervous _ _ _ _.【答案】when giving a speech4I recommend that you avoid processed foods whenever it is p
25、ossible.I recommend that you avoid processed foods _ _.【答案】whenever possible5I cant speak English as fluently as native speakers speak English.I cant speak English as fluently as _ _.【答案】native speakers随堂知能小练单句语法填空1The company is in _(finance)difficulties,so government help is needed.2If plastic and
26、 rubber are burnt,theyll give off _(poison)gases and cause air pollution.3Before he died,he donated all of his _(collect)to the museum.4John turned his head away with his arms _(fold)over his chest.5_ is the percentage of the market share held by your company?【答案】1financial2poisonous3collections4fol
27、ded5What3We should _ ourselves rather than someone else in order to realize our dreams.4I made a phone call to _ his exact address.【答案】1has a history of2have heard of3depend on4check out课文原句填空1It _ _ a good idea.听上去是个好主意。【答案】sounds like2Whats _ _ the waterfall?这个瀑布有什么特别的吗？【答案】special about3In the back of the waterfall,you will find a cave,_ _ _ _ of the Monkey King.在瀑布的后面你会发现一个洞穴，是孙悟空的家。【答案】which is the home4Ill definitely _ _ _.我一定要去查看一下。【答案】check it out5 Youll find Chinese culture is _ _ _ _ you thought.你会发现中国文化的差异性超出了你的想象。【答案】much more diverse than课 时 作 业
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