1、Unit 2Morals and VirtuesPeriod 2Reading and Thinking()要点内化课自主素养储备.根据语境及首字母写出单词1.I am e_ to be assistant to my English teacher.2.Does the bank charge a f_ for setting up the account?3.It became increasingly expensive to h_ casual workers.4.Most of the old buildings have been torn down and r_ by moder
2、n ones.5.She is s_ of going out alone at midnight.lectedeeireeplacedcared6.Nothing is more p_ than honesty.7.Sometimes I c_ about the low salary,so I want to change the job.8.The r_ of this measure made him disappointed.9.There has been a s_ slowdown in economic growth recently.10.Youd better drive
3、a car to the f_ supermarket.reciousomplainejectionharparaway.根据语境选词填空tend,appoint,insurance,illustrate,respond,principle,passive,majority1.It is said that the commission _ a special investigator to conduct its2.own inquiry.2.This modest group size allows our teachers to _ to the needs of each studen
4、t.3.The _ of people prefer to pay by Alipay,especially the youth.appointedrespondmajority4.Buck never allowed himself to do anything that went against his _.5.More and more people choose to buy _ in case something unpleasant happens to them.6.A _ person may just wait for help,rather than doing thing
5、s by himself.7.You can use examples and pictures to _ it,which makes its meaning clearer.8.While I hate to admit it,people always _ to judge a person by his or her appearance.principlesinsurancepassiveillustratetend词汇微空间en+n./adj.动词trust n.相信,委托 entrust vt.委托;交付courage n.勇气,胆量 _ vt.支持;鼓励danger n.危险
6、_vt.危及;危害sure adj.确信的 _ vt.确保;保证rich adj.富有的;丰富的 _ vt.使富有;丰富;使肥沃encourageendangerensureenrich.根据语境填入适当的介词或副词1.A responsible person is a person who can be entrusted _ task.2.His belief carried himself _ the hard lives.3.With the rapid development of society,the information technology has been deeply
7、affected _ the social various sectors.4.Thinking _ his safety,we refused him to let him go alone.5.Though they graduated _ the university ten years ago,all the classmates try to keep up with one another.6.Human activity is not responsible _ all water shortages.withthroughbyoffromfor知识素养积淀1.majority
8、n.大部分;大多数 派生major v.主修 adj.主要的 n.专业课 反义词minority n.少数【观察悟】Instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls,she chose to study medicine.(教材典句)她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻道路,而是选择了学医。In the general population,right-handed people are in the majority.在一般人中,惯用右手的人占大多数。I graduated from
9、 university two years ago and majored in information management.(话题典句)我两年前大学毕业了,主修信息管理。【生成得】a/the majority _大多数的_ a/the majority占大多数_主修ofinmajor in【点拨迷津】majority作主语谓语动词的选择“the/a majority of+名词”用作主语时谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致;the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。The majority was/were in favor of the proposal at the
10、meeting.在会议上大多数人赞成这个建议。(2020新高考全国卷)However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.然而,大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者,是因为他们受过训练。【内化用】单句语法填空。When it comes to education,the _(major)of people _(believe)that education is a lifetime study.The majority of my time _(be)spent on work,which m
11、akes me have less time to have a rest.The majority of the farmers _(be)influenced by the natural disaster,but they still took a positive attitude to their life.I believe that students supporting me are _.On the other hand,_the students are opposed to me.我相信支持我的学生占多数。另一方面,少数学生反对我。majoritybelieveiswer
12、ein the/a majoritya minority plain vi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚 派生 complaint n.投诉,抱怨,怨言Her brother complained,thinking of the high tuition fees.(教材典句)一想到学费高,她的哥哥就抱怨。His room is always in a mess,so his mother always complains about/of it.他的房间总是乱七八糟,所以他妈妈总是抱怨。No great people complain that they are short of opportuni
13、ty.没有一个伟人抱怨自己缺乏机会。I have to make a complaint about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant.我不得不投诉你们饭店里极差的食物和服务。【生成得】complain(to sb.)_ sth.(向某人)抱怨某事complain(to sb.)_(向某人)抱怨_ a complaint about抱怨;投诉about/ofthat从句make【内化用】单句语法填空。For my own part,I have nothing to complain _.Several passen
14、gers complained _ the air company about the bad service on the flight.(2020江苏高考)Some peopleand I was one of thembelieve that humorous _(complain)about the little problems of life make humor,and sometimes that is the case.of/abouttocomplaints3.respond vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应 派生 response n.反应;回答;回复【观察悟】Th
15、ey respond positively to the donation.他们积极响应捐款。Experts say that kids as young as 18 months can understand and respond totheir parents expectations.专家说,18个月大的孩子能理解并回应父母的期望。The meeting was called in response to a request from the US.(时事典句)应美国的要求召开了这次会议。【生成得】respond _ sb./sth.回应某人/某事respond(to sb.)_ st
16、h.以某物(向某人)回应_ response to对作出回应单句语法填空。Like other public servants,police must respond _ public demands.I think its a duty of the army to respond _ action.His remarks came in _(respond)to the questions raised by the students.towithintowithresponse4.hire vt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借;租用【观察悟】She immediately became th
17、e first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician.(教材典句)她立即被聘为第一位女性住院医师。You can hire a car if you want to explore further a field.如果你还想逛更远的地方,可以租辆车。Why dont you hire out your spare room to other people,and earn some money?你为什么不把空闲的房间租给别人来赚些钱?The price includes the hire of the hall.费用包括礼堂租金。【生成得
18、】be hired _ 被聘为hire sb._sth.聘请某人做某事hire sth._ 出租某物let out sth.on hire出租某物the hire of sth._sth.on/for hire 供租用的某物asto doout某物的租金【内化用】单句语法填空。The rest of the staff have been _(hire)on short-term contracts.He had just been hired _ the new CEO of a large high-tech company._(hire)a car you must provide a
19、current driving license.All the bikes _ hire can be available by scanning to pay.hiredasTo hirefor/on5.appoint vt.任命;委派 派生appointment n.任命,约会 appointed adj.指定的,约定的【观察悟】He had a talent for music and was appointed as conductor of the orchestra.(话题典句)他有音乐天赋,被任命为管弦乐队的指挥。In order to find out the truth,th
20、e inspectors were appointed to inquire into the affairs of the department.为了弄清事实真相,督查员受委派调查该部门的事务。You should phone his secretary if you want to make an appointment with the manager.如果你想和经理约个时间,你应该给他的秘书打电话。【生成得】appoint sb.to be/_.任命某人为appoint sb._sth.指派某人做某事make/have/fix an _ with sb.与某人约会keep/break
21、an appointment守约/失约asto doappointment【内化用】单句语法填空。Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.When I had an appointment _ others,I always like to arrive ahead of schedule.The time _(appoint)for the meeting was 10:00 am.aswithappointed句式升级。He was appointe
22、d as captain of the basketball team and led the players to the next session of the 2020 Olympic Games.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Appointed as captain of the basketball team,he led the players to the next session of the 2020 Olympic Games.6.elect vt.选举;推选 派生 election n.选举;推选;当选【观察悟】In 1954,she was elected to the
23、first National Peoples Congress.(教材典句)1954年,她被推选参加第一届全国人民代表大会。I will never forget being elected to the student council.(话题典句)我永远也忘不了入选学生委员会(的经历)。I wish to congratulate you on your being elected as President of the General Assembly.我谨祝贺你当选本届大会主席。As we all know,he was selected to compete in the Games
24、and won two gold medals.我们都知道,他被选中参加运动会并获得两枚金牌。【生成得】elect sb._ sth.选举某人参加某项活动elect sb._ sth.选举某人担任某个职务elect _sth.选择/决定做某事toasto do【点拨迷津】elect选举常被动作“选举,推选”时,elect常用于被动语态。单句语法填空。It was the first time that a female _(elect)president in that country.If I am lucky enough to win the _(elect),the first thi
25、ng I will do is to enrich our students after-class activities.The school board is made up of parents who have been elected _(make)decisions about school affairs.had been electedelectionto make7.tend vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于 派生 tendency n.倾向,趋势【观察悟】She was more interested in tending patients.(教材典句)她对照顾病人更感兴
26、趣。Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.更独立的青少年往往在学校和工作中表现更好。In recent years,with further increase of traffic demand,traffic management gradually tends towards intelligence.近年来,随着交通需求的进一步增加,交通管理逐步走向智能化。He has a tendency to get anxious with the show coming.随着演出的临近,他有焦虑不安
27、的倾向。【生成得】tend _sth.易于做某事;往往会发生某事tend _ sth.倾向于;有的趋势have a _ to do sth.有做某事的趋势/倾向to doto/towardstendency【内化用】单句语法填空。Without passion,we tend _ easily lose heart when faced with challenges or failures.Readers _(tend)to share articles that were exciting or funny.Many have a _(tend)to focus on the proble
28、ms and challenges in their life.完成句子。This is the nurse who _when I was ill in hospital.就是这位护士在我生病住院时照料了我。totendedtendencytended me8.scare vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓 派生 scared adj.害怕的 scary adj.可怕的,恐怖的【观察悟】She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions
29、.(教材典句)她在面试时非常害怕,以至于完全忘了该如何回答问题。Dont get closer,or you will scare away/off those cute birds.不要再靠近了,不然你会把那些可爱的鸟给吓跑。Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子守规矩。He was scared to stay outside late at night because he was scared of being robbed.深夜他不敢待在外面,因为害怕被抢劫。Some st
30、udents are scared to answer questions in class.(话题典句)有些学生不敢在课堂上回答问题。【生成得】scare._ 把吓跑scare sb._ doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事be scared of(doing)sth._be scared _sth.害怕做某事awayinto害怕(做)某事to do【内化用】单句语法填空。Most of us are eager for success and scared _ failure.That _(scare)movie was so terrifying that Mark felt fri
31、ghtened at the thought of it.Worried about the unhealthy food,many people have been scared _ buying organic food.But Im scared that what happened to Sam is going to happen to me.译:_。ofscary/scaringinto但是我怕发生在萨姆身上的事也会发生在我身上9.replace vt.接替;取代;更换 派生replacement n.替换;替换物;替换者【观察悟】They replaced their belov
32、ed cars with expensive mountain bikes.(话题典句)他们用昂贵的山地自行车替代了钟爱的汽车。Nothing can ever take the place of real love and family togetherness.(话题典句)什么都不能取代真爱与家庭和睦。If I refused to go,they would send someone else in my place.如果我不去,他们会派其他人代替我。【生成得】replace A _/by B 用B替换A_=take ones place代替,取代_=in place of代替witht
33、ake the place ofin ones place【内化用】单句语法填空。It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced _ computers in class.We discussed the plan _(replace)yesterday once more,then we finally arrived at an agreement.同义句转换。Nothing can replace face-to-face communication between parents and kids.Nothin
34、g can _face-to-face communication between parents and kids.by/withreplacedtake the place of10.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.有时甚至有人看到她骑着驴子去遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。【观察悟】see后接“宾语+动词的-ing形式”,其中动词的-ing形式用来补充说明宾语的动作和情况;to provide medical care在句中为动词不定式短语作目的状语。I
35、heard them singing in the next room.They were warming up.我听见他们在隔壁屋里唱,他们已经在做准备了。He was so nervous that he could hear his heart beating wildly.他如此紧张以至于能听到自己的心在狂跳。【生成得】感官动词+宾语+动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语时,宾语和动词之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行。与see类似的感官动词有:hear,feel,smell,watch,find等。【语境辨析】(1)感官动词+宾语+动词-ed形式,宾语和动词之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成。(2
36、)感官动词+宾语+不带to的不定式,宾语和动词之间为主动关系,且表示动作的完成,是全过程。The father saw his son getting on the train.(意义主动、正在进行)The father saw his son get on the train and disappeared.(意义主动、已经完成全过程)The father saw his son hit by a car,which made his heart broken.(意义被动、已经完成)【内化用】用所给词的适当形式填空。The man heard the door bell _(ring)whe
37、n he wanted to go to bed.No one noticed him _(leave)the lecture hall.I saw them _(make)their way,hand in hand,down the path.I smell something _(burn)in the kitchen.ringingleavemakingburning【备选要点】1.illustrate vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图 派生illustrator n.插图画家【观察悟】Let me give another example to illustrate t
38、his difficult point.(话题典句)让我再举个例子来阐明这个难点。His lecture was illustrated with photos taken during the adventure.他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄到的照片进行说明。This is kind of an illustration of a general case.这是对普遍情况的说明。【生成得】be illustrated _用来说明或阐明an _ of一个的例证【巧记单词】il向内;进入+lustr 光(light)+ate 表动词 让光亮照进(令人模糊的事物)内部 说明illustratewit
39、hillustration【内化用】单句语法填空。The followings will clearly _(illustrate)this point and you should read them carefully.The book was illustrated _ color photographs.This is a beautiful _(illustrate)of what technology can do.illustratewithillustration2.precious adj.珍稀的;宝贵的 派生:preciously adv.极其【观察悟】I think no
40、thing is more precious than time.我认为没有什么比时间更宝贵。Water is becoming an increasingly precious resource.水正成为日益珍贵的资源。Spring rain is as precious as oil.春雨贵如油。(话题典句)Water is a preciously scarce resource for all living things in the desert.水是沙漠中所有生物极其稀缺的资源。【生成得】be _than 比更宝贵precious _/time/memories/jewels 珍贵
41、的资源/宝贵的时间/珍贵的记忆/稀世珍宝_同一样珍贵完成句子。Nothing is _my good health.对我来说,没有什么比我的健康更宝贵。Family gathering allows you _together.家庭聚会让你们在一起度过宝贵的时光。more preciousresourcesas precious asmore precious to me thanto spend precious timeThis is _for our country.这对我们国家来说是一种极其稀缺的资源。a preciously scarce resource3.To a person
42、nothing is more precious than their life.对一个人来说,没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵。【观察悟】本句中“nothing is+形容词比较级+than”是一个常见的句型,表示“没有什么比更加”。Nothing is more exciting than to go to college.没有比上大学更令人激动的事了。The movie is really a success.I have never seen a better one.这部电影真是一部成功之作,我从没看过比它更好的电影了。【生成得】否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用表示最高级。(1)用于该结
43、构中的否定词有:not,no,never,nothing等。(2)该结构还可以用“cant/couldnt+比较级”的形式。【内化用】用所给词的适当形式填空。Nothing is _(important)than a healthy body.How exciting!I have never watched a _(exciting)match before.同义句替换。They think reading books is the most enjoyable.=They think _reading books.more importantmore excitingnothing is
44、more enjoyable than4.She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.她立即成为第一位被聘为PUMC医院妇产科住院医师的女性。【观察悟】句中to be hired为动词不定式作后置定语,修饰the first woman。As far as I know,he was the first of us to pass the driving test.据我所知,他是我们当中第
45、一个通过驾照考试的人。I was not going to be the last one to arrive at the top,so I began power walking.我不打算做最后一个到达山顶的人,于是开始健步行走。He was the only one to speak out against the decision.只有他站出来反对那项决定。【点拨迷津】名词前面有序数词限定时,常用动词不定式作后置定语。【内化用】语法填空。Im hardly the first person _(do)this,but the idea was certainly new tome.In
46、 my opinion,he would be the last person _(go)along with the proposal.to doto goMost people know that Marie Curie is _,and the first _.大多数人都知道居里夫人是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士,同时也是第一个两次获此殊荣的人。the first woman to win the Nobel Prizeto win the prize twice.用所给词的适当形式填空1.He pointed at the diagram _(illustrate)his point.2.
47、The tax cuts produced a favourable _(respond)from the public.3.There is nothing _(important)than study when we are young.4.He _(reject)their offer of a job because of low salary.5.The company decided to make an _(appoint)with a new manager.课时素养达标to illustrateresponsemore importantrejectedappointment
48、6.It is a great honor to be elected _ a model worker.7.Her new novel _(publish)last week and sold well.8.It is more likely that physically _(energy)children will become healthy adults.9.In response to _(complain),the company reviewed its safety procedures.aswas publishedenergeticcomplaints.选词填空retir
49、e from,at times,in the majority,be hired as,tend to,scare away1.Im sure many of them would be very happy to _part-time English 2.editors.2.More and more people _buy daily supplies on the Internet.3.He didnt want to _his job and lead an empty life.be hired astend toretire from4.The custom of putting
50、up red paper and firing fire-crackers is to _an animal called Nian.5.The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted _by rain.6.Supporters of the new law appear to be _.It is more likely to come into effect next year.scare awayat timesin the majority.根据汉语提示补全句子1.I have never seen _(比更好的表演)this
51、 one.2.He is always _(吃苦在前,享受在后).3.I _(看见他们正在和老师说话)when I passed the office.4.To be a brave man,you should not _(害怕)danger.5.We should try to protect those old buildings instead of _(用代替它们)the modern ones.a better performance thanthe first one to bear hardships and the last one to enjoycomfortssaw them speaking to the teacherbe scared ofreplacing them with
