1、2018高考（外研版）英语一轮提升练题及答案：必修5U3必修5U3【短文语法填空】【2017选练题】阅读下面短文，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not，want not.” None of us，however，can 1._(complete) avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，o
2、ur limited 2._(nature) resources，our money, 3._other peoples time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make a big 4._(differ)Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world 5._ is in serious trouble.By focusing on 6._(save) oil，water，pap
3、er，food，and clothing，we are playing 7._part in cutting down on waste.We must keep reminding 8._(we)that it is easier to get into something than get out of it.Actually，severe damage 9._(do) to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.Its time for us to say no to waste so that our gra
4、ndchildrens children 10._(be)able to develop well.We cant solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness.【参考答案】1completely修饰动词avoid应用副词completely，表示“完全地”。2natural修饰名词应用形容词。natural resources自然资源。3or用or表示选择关系。4differencemake a difference起作用，有影响。5that/which先行词是a world，从句缺少主语，故填that/wh
5、ich。6savingfocus on意为“聚焦于”，其中的on是介词，后面要接动名词或者名词作宾语。7aplay a part in在中起作用。8ourselvesremind ourselves提醒我们自己。9donedo damage to破坏。此处damage提前，过去分词短语done to our land作为定语修饰名词damage。10will be根据语境“我们的子孙就能得到很好的发展”可知用一般将来时。.单句语法填空1Lack of money accounts _ her not continuing her studies.【答案】for2So curious _ the
6、 couple about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.【答案】were3_(determine) to give up smoking，he threw away his _(remain) cigarettes.【答案】Determined; remaining4Production at the factory _(interrupt) for two hours because of yesterdays power failure.【答案】was int
7、errupted5The jokes the naughty boy _(play) on the old people made many people angry.【答案】played6He set out _(do) his homework the moment he got home.【答案】to do7The driver turned his car sharply to the left to give way to the running bull，only _(knock)into a tree by the road.【答案】to knock8OK，Ive had eno
8、ugh of it.I give up.You cant run away _ your responsibilities.【答案】from9Dont handle the vase as if it _(make) of steel.【答案】were made10I looked up and noticed a snake _(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.【答案】winding.用所给短语的适当形式填空play a trick on，make up，set off，be set in，carry out，make a f
9、ortune1With the guide leading the way，we _ on foot into the dark night.【答案】set off2He didnt know the answer to the question so he just _ an answer.【答案】made up3This film was _ California in the middle of the nineteenth century.【答案】set in4I had some difficulty in _ the plan.【答案】carrying out5Tom got ve
10、ry angry when the other boys _ him.【答案】played a trick on6He has _ in selling houses.【答案】made a fortune.完成句子1看上去天很快要下雨了。It looks_ soon.【答案】as if it is going to rain2两天之后我们终于到了这个小村庄，(使我们失望的是)村民们告诉我们那个老人去世了。After two days we finally arrived at the small village，_ that the old man had passed away.【答案】on
11、ly to be told3他急急忙忙赶到车站，却发现火车已开走了。He hurried to the station _ the train had gone.【答案】only to find4最近的研究告诫人们不要饮用过多的咖啡。Recent studies _ people _ drinking too much coffee.【答案】warn；against5我发觉门锁上了，十分惊慌。I _ when I found the door was locked.【答案】got into a panic6他决定到国外碰碰运气，动身去了美国。_ abroad，he left for Ameri
12、ca.【答案】Determined to try his fortune.单句改错1He nodded with a forcing smile and said OK._【答案】forcingforced2I planned to go for a walk，but someone called and I couldnt get away._【答案】planned前加上had3You were not listening.What troubled you?I am thinking about my coming maths exam._【答案】amwas4His illness acc
13、ounts his absence._【答案】accounts后加上for5She got into real panic when she thought shed lost the ticket._【答案】into后加上a6However，at times this balance in nature is being disturbed，resulting in a number of possibly unseen effects._【答案】去掉being.微写作【写作素材】1去年汤姆和他的同伴创建了一家公司。2公司成员们的性格很相似。3他们相处得很好，他们有把公司做好的心情。4他们都
14、决心发财。5他们打算创作一部浪漫的喜剧去吸引观众，然后实现他们挣钱的梦想。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用whose引导的定语从句。【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)_【答案】Last year，Tom and his companions_established a company whose members resemble each other in character.They get on well with each other and they feel in_the_mood to run the company well.They are all
15、 determined_to_make_their_fortune.They plan to create a romantic_comedy to attract the audience and then realize their dream of making money.拓展题【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015江苏)In the United States alone，over 100 million cellphones are thrown away each year.Cellphones are part of
16、 a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of e
17、lectronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in socalled ewaste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are r
18、ecycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100 times more，than
19、the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cellphone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装)it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The US. Environmental Protection Agency not
20、es that most waste is dangerous in that“the production，distribution，and use of productsas well as management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas release.”Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the startfor instance，buying reusable products and recycling.In
21、 many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments incentive
22、 to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television?From the governments point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extend
23、ed producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the producers.文章大意：文章主要讲述了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。1By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that_.Athe weight of egoods is rather small
24、Bewaste deserves to be made good use ofCnatural minerals contain more precious metalsDthe percentage of precious metals is heavy in ewaste答案：B推断判断题。结合第二段第一句“Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.”可知，该段主要讲述电子设备中包含有很多贵重的金属；下文引用瑞士的研究进一步论证电子垃圾中的贵重金属含量比自然矿产中的高。由此可知，作者提及瑞士的研究旨
25、在告诉我们电子垃圾应该得到很好的利用。故正确答案为B。2The responsibility of ewaste treatment should be extended_.Afrom producers to governmentsBfrom governments to producersCfrom individuals to distributorsDfrom distributors to governments答案：B细节理解题。结合文章最后一句“.a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility i
26、s to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the producers.”可知，电子垃圾的责任应该从政府延伸到生产者。故正确答案为B。3What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe increase in ewaste.BThe creation of ewaste.CThe seriousness of ewaste.DThe management of ewaste.答案：D主旨大意题。本文从电子垃圾与日俱增这一现象出发，分析了电子垃圾治理的必要性，并对一些国家政府将电子垃圾治理的责任延伸到生产者这一考虑进行评述。由此可知，本文通篇是围绕着电子垃圾治理这一话题展开的。故正确答案为D。