1、Unit 5 What an adventure!Period 2Understanding ideas要点内化课.根据语境选词填空initial,border,adventure,confirm,crowd,oxygen,failure1.I spotted my friend at once among the _.2.The plants will produce food,water and _ that we need.crowdoxygen3.My _ reaction was to decline the offer.4.As the saying goes,_is the mo
2、ther of success.5.The missing 9-year-old girl was _ to have been killed in the sea.6.Many refugees try to cross the _ to enter the US.7.Life should be an _.initial failure confirmedborderadventure.根据语境填入适当的介词或副词1.We Chinese refer to our language _“Han”.2.His stubbornness resulted _ his losing suppor
3、t.3.If you want to be as productive as possible,you should focus _ the tasks in the morning.4.I still cant figure _how he was tricked.asinonout5.We can benefit a lot _ the modern technology.6.Xia Boming succeeded _ reaching the top ofQomolangma.fromin词汇微空间某些动词变过去式和过去分词时要双写最后一个字母再加-ed,如:referreferred
4、,referredpreferpreferred,preferredstopstopped,stoppeddropdropped,droppedequipequipped,equipped1.attempt n.企图,试图;尝试;v.努力;尝试;试图【观察悟】(2019全国卷)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.每年大约有四万人尝试爬非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。For years researchers have attempted to show th
5、at television is dangerous to children.多年来,研究人员试图证明电视对儿童有害。I made an attempt to make friends with her.我尝试着跟她交朋友。The couple made an unsuccessful attempt at a compromise.这对夫妇试图和解但未成功。I passed my driving test at the first attempt.我第一次就通过了驾照考试。【生成得】_to do sth./at(doing)sth.尝试做某事/某事attempt _尝试某事/做某事_ the
6、 first attempt 第一次尝试make an attemptsth./to do sth.at【知识延伸】尝试和做成(1)尝试做某事:try/attempt to do sth.,have a try at doing sth.,give sth.a try(2)做成某事:manage to do sth.,succeed in doing sth.【内化用】语法填空It is _ attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics.He attempted _(escape)from the prison,but he couldnt find
7、 anybody to help him.It was one of his rare attempts _ humour.anto escapeat一句多译他试着修那把锁,结果没修好。He_ _ _ _ _the lock but didnt succeed.He _ _ _the lock but didnt succeed.made an attempt at mending/to mendattempted to mend2.confirm vt.证实;证明;批准【观察悟】Can you confirm what happened?你能证实一下发生了什么事吗?He was confir
8、med as captain for the rest of the season.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间里担任队长。It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.已经确定会议将于下周举行。He is the first man confirmed to have reached the top of the mountain.他被证实是登上山顶的第一人。【生成得】confirm sth./that/what clause 证实It has been confirmed that 已经确定be con
9、firmed as 被确认为,被批准为【内化用】语法填空The last _(confirm)wild pigeon in the US was shot by a boy in Pike County,Ohio,in 1900.We are glad that Liu Guoliang has been confirmed _the head coach of the Chineses table tennis team again.confirmedas_ was confirmed by the spokesman that the area was now in rebel hands
10、.完成句子After a six-month probationary period,her position _.经过六个月的试用期后,她获准正式担任该职。Itwas confirmedX-rays _he has not broken any bones.X光片已经证实他没有骨折。have confirmed that3.despite prep.不管,不顾=in spite of【观察悟】And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.尽管他们的手脏衣服脏,但他们的内心很愉快。Despite wanting
11、 to see him again,she refused to reply to his letters.虽然她很想再次见到他,但她还是拒绝给他回信。In spite of/Despite the fact that he was busy,he came to the station to pick us up.尽管他很忙,他还是来车站接我们了。【点拨迷津】despite是介词,不是连词,所以不能用来引导句子,而though和although是连词,引导状语从句。【内化用】用despite/in spite of,although/though 填空She was good at phys
12、ics_she found it boring.The boys went for a walk _ the rain._the fact that I tried my best to persuade him,he wouldnt agree.though/although despiteDespite/In spite of4.refer to指的是;提到;涉及;参考;查阅【观察悟】Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.请在不查阅词典的情况下完成练习。In fact,tradition also refers to
13、 the things that have been developing and that are still being created.实际上,传统也指那些一直在发展以及正在被创新的东西。In his letter,he didnt refer to the naughty boy.在他的信中,他并没有提到那个调皮的男孩。He is referred to as a living Lei Feng.他被称作活雷锋。The result of the research is for reference only.这个研究结果仅供参考。【生成得】refer to._ 把称为reference
14、n._ reference 以备查阅;以供参考提及,谈到;指的是;参考,查阅refer to.as.提及;涉及;参考;参考书for【知识延伸】表示“查阅”的还有:look upconsultMany people have to look up the meaning of this word in the dictionary.很多人都要查字典才能知道这个词的意思。【名师指津】(1)refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都要先双写“r”,再加上“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的词还有prefer。(2)refer to/consult作“查阅”讲时,宾语是词典之类的名词;look up的宾语是
15、查找的单词、短语、电话号码之类的词。【内化用】语法填空Ive attached a copy of my article to the letterjust for your _(refer).In his speech,he referred _ a recent trip to Canada.I have examined all the books _(refer)to the matter.referencetoreferringThe reporter _(refer)to was to blame for the false report.That is what we refer
16、 to _ destiny(命运).referredas一句多译如果你不理解某些单词,可以查词典。If you dont understand some words,you can _ _.=If you dont understand some words,you can_ _.referto/consult/turn to the dictionary lookthem up in the dictionary5.result in导致;结果是【观察悟】A drivers drunk-driving resulted in the terrible accident.The terribl
17、e accident resulted from a drivers drunk-driving.那场可怕的事故是由一个司机醉酒驾车而引起的。He performed well in the competition.As a result,he won the first prize.He won the first prize in the competition as a result of his excellent performance.他在比赛中表现非常好,所以他获得了一等奖。【生成得】_导致;结果是_由产生;起因于as a result of_as a result_result
18、 inresult from因为;由于结果【思维拓展】表示“引起,导致”的词除了result in之外,还有cause,lead to,contribute to。表示“原因”“由于”的介词短语:because of;thanks to;owing to;due to;as a consequence of。【内化用】选词填空 result in,result from,as a result,as a result ofIt rained cats and dogs for three days._,all the farmland was flooded._the pilots strik
19、e,all flights have had to be canceled.As a resultAs a result ofHis failure _his laziness.His laziness _his failure.resulted fromresulted in【备选要点】1.force v.强迫【观察悟】Many slaves were taken to the US by force.许多奴隶被通过武力运到了美国。His brother is a member of the Peacekeeping Force.他的哥哥是维和部队的一员。The new law will c
20、ome into force next month.新法律将于下月开始生效。The President was forced to resign.总统被迫辞职。She managed to force a smile.她勉强挤出一丝笑容。【生成得】force除了“强迫”之外,还可以表示:_;_。come into force _by force _强迫某人做某事能力武力生效,实行用暴力;强迫地force sb.to do sth.【内化用】语法填空 They were taken away _ force.The new law tax has come_ force.Circumstance
21、s force us _(adopt)this policy.by intoto adoptThat evening police forced the door of the flat and arrested the criminal.译:_那天晚上,警察强行打开公寓大门,逮捕了罪犯。2.benefit n.益处,好处 v.使受益 派生adj.beneficial有利的,有益的【观察悟】Theres no doubt that we have benefited a lot from the Internet in our everyday life.毫无疑问,我们在日常生活中通过因特网受
22、益颇多。China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.为了居民的利益,中国一直在推行公立医院的改革。Running is of great benefit to us to lengthen our life.跑步对于延长我们的寿命还是很有好处的。It is beneficial to some people,while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.这对一些人有益,但是却让其
23、他人陷入一个困境:到底是投票还是不投票。【生成得】benefit _受益于,从中受益_为某人利益,为了帮助某人be _to=be of _ to对有益fromfor the benefit ofbeneficialbenefit【内化用】语法填空A stay in the country will be _(benefit)to his health.I feel that I have benefited greatly _ her wisdom.beneficialfromThis alternative treatment proves highly _(benefit)because
24、it has cured many patients.You had better go to the seaside _ the benefit of your health.beneficialfor3.focus n.焦点;焦距;中心点 v.(使)集中;(使)聚焦【观察悟】It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.这是会议上关注的主要焦点。The incident brought the problem of violence in school into sharp focus.这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。(2019北京高考
25、)They focused on football,basketball and baseball.他们关注的是足球,篮球和棒球。Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.我们大多数人在上午对于工作的注意力要比一天中的晚些时候强。He focused his eyes on the tiny characters.他目光专注地看着那些微小字符。【生成得】focus _ 集中于focus ones attention/mind/energy on_bring.into
26、focus_on/upon集中注意力/心思/精力于使成为焦点【知识延伸】与focus on有相似意义的短语concentrate on,be buried/absorbed in,put ones heart into,pay attention to【内化用】语法填空(2017全国卷)We were respectful of craft(工艺)and focused _digging into the characters we weregoing to play.onWhen I told him to adjust the camera,his attention _(focus)on
27、 his mobile phone,which made me angry.With his mind _(focus)on the computer games,Tom didnt notice his mothers coming.Allen rushed down the mountain,_(focus)his attention on the sharp turn.was focusedfocusedfocusing4.worth adj.价值的;值钱的【观察悟】The most recent powerful Nio,in 1997-1998,killed around 21,00
28、0 people and caused damage worth 36 billion dollars around the globe.最近最有影响力的厄尔尼诺现象发生在1997至1998年间,造成约21 000人死亡,全球损失达360亿美元。Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us.好的意见值得坚持,因为它们对我们大家有好处。This article is well worth reading,but it is not worthy of being translated.这篇文章很值得一读,但不值得翻
29、译。【生成得】be worth+n._be worth _值得被做值得,值doing【拓展延伸】(1)worthy的常用结构be worthy(2)worthwhile常用的结构:Its worthwhile+做某事是值得的。【名师指津】worthy和worthwhile可作前置定语,而worth不能,worth一般只作表语,可用程度副词well修饰。【内化用】一句多译这家工厂值得参观。The factory is _.(worth)The factory is _.(worthy)The factory is _.(worthy)The factory is _.(worthy)worth
30、visiting/a visitworthy of a visitworthy of being visitedworthy to be visitedIts worthwhile _the factory.(worthwhile)to visit/visiting5.figure n.数字;身材,体形;人物;雕像,塑像;图形 v.计算;认为【观察悟】Ye Xiaogang is a leading figure in the music industry,who is known as one of the most famous modern Chinese composers.叶小钢是音
31、乐界著名的领导人物,他作为现代中国作曲家之一而出名。(2019浙江高考)We must figure in occasional expenses in the budge.我们必须把偶尔的开销也计算在预算之内。The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model.研究人员用电脑模板计算出水压。I cant figure out why she said that.我不明白她为什么会那么说。We can figure on him to join the work.我们可指望他参加这项工作。【生成得】a key figur
32、e_figure _算出;想出;理解,弄明白;断定;解决figure _把计算/考虑在内figure _依靠,计划一个关键人物outinon【巧学助记】【熟词生义】Mr Franklin has always figured as an influential decision maker of our organization.()v.扮演角色【内化用】语段填词Jane is _in our company but I couldnt _how she managed to _.She told me she _the daily exercise.She _ _ exercise was
33、the best way to lose weight.a key figurefigure outkeep her figurefigured onfiguredthat简是我们公司的一个关键人物,但是我弄不明白她是怎样保持身材的。她告诉我她依靠每天的锻炼。她认为锻炼是减肥最好的方法。6.due to由于;因造成;应支付;归功于【观察悟】(2017江苏高考)The loss of glaciers there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture.由于全球变暖导致的冰川融化,对农业造成了巨大的威胁
34、。The meeting isnt due to start until three.会议预计直到3点才开始。Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month.所有应付给你的钱都会在月底前支付给你。The teams success was largely due to her efforts.团队的成功很大程度上归功于她的努力。【生成得】dueadj._ be due to do sth._ be due to sth./sb._;_be due _ sth.应有某物;应得到某物预定的;到期的预期做某事
35、,预定要做某事因为某事/某人欠某人for【名师指津】当due to 意为“由于,应付的;归功于”时,to是介词,在句中常作表语或状语,当due to表示“预期做某事”时to为不定式符号。【内化用】语法填空We are due _(leave)tomorrow.Respect is due_ older people.She is due _ promotion soon.They arrived late _ _ _ _.他们因交通堵塞迟到了。to leave tofordue to traffic jams7.up to直到;达到;到为止;正在做;胜任;由决定【观察悟】写出黑体部分的含义(2
36、016北京高考)California condors(秃鹫)are North Americas largest birds,with wing-length of up to 3 meters.()John was fired because he was not up to his job.()达到胜任She continued to look after her father up to the time of his recovery.()What shall we eat tonight?Its up to you.Whatever you want.()The children w
37、ere very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.()直到由决定正在做I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.()不辜负【内化用】_ _ _ _ _ _ whether or not to go on with the course.课程是否继续下去由她来决定。_ _ _,everything is all right.到目前为止,一切正常。Its up to her to decideUp to now语段填词Its _you whether you are _the job
38、 or not.I hope you can _your parents expectations.你是否胜任这份工作取决于你自己。我希望你不辜负你父母的期望。up toup tolive up to8._ the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma _,is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking?那么多尝试爬珠峰的人要么成功要么失败,那么在他们的冒险背后有没有科学的原因?Withresulting either in total success or failure【观察悟】
39、本句是简单句,句中的with复合结构作状语。He stood in the rain,with his clothes wet.他站在雨中,衣服湿透了。He stood at the door,with a computer in his hand.他站在门口,手里拿着一部电脑。He lay on the bed,with the light on.他躺在床上,灯亮着。With the exam approaching,it is a good idea to review your class notes.随着考试的临近,复习一下课堂笔记是一个不错的主意。With all the thing
40、s she needed bought,she went home happily.买了所有需要的东西,她高兴地回家了。With so many things to buy,he went to the shop.有那么多东西要买,他去了商店。【生成得】with的复合结构的常见形式:with+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语(表示_)with+宾语+现在分词(表示_或_)with+宾语+过去分词(表示_或_)with+宾语+动词不定式(表示_)状态主动进行被动完成未做【内化用】语法填空With much work _(deal)with,I have to stop listening to mu
41、sic.With a great weight _(take)off her mind,she passed the test successfully.to dealtakenEvery day she runs in the park,with her pet dog _(follow)her.He lay on the bed,with his eyes _(stare)at the ceiling.He lay on the bed,with his eyes _(fix)on the ceiling.followingstaringfixedAs time goes by,I gradually realize the importanceof health.(用with复合结构改写)_,I gradually realize the importance of health.With time going by
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