1、外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 Section Using language&Writing外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页语法 专项突破写作 能力提升课后 限时训练名著赏析素养提能外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 省略 为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：一、并列句中的省略 在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 1省略共同的主语或宾语。Tom picked up a book on the floor and(Tom
2、)handed it to the teacher.汤姆在地板上捡起了一本书并把它交给了老师。2若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。Jack must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做作业。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 3若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。His advice made me happy,but(his advice made)Jim angry.他的建议使我高
3、兴，却使吉姆生气。4若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt(have a knowledge of first aid)他具备急救知识，但他朋友不具备。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 二、复合句中的省略 1状语从句的省略(1)在when,while,if,as if,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it
4、时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。As(it is)scheduled，we participated in several instructive activities.按照计划安排，我们参加了几个有指导意义的活动。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 Whenever(it is)possible,they would stop him and ask him the three questions.只要有可能，他们就让他停下并问他这三个问题。Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street.过街时要当心车辆。外研版英语必修第三册返回导
5、航下页上页 温馨提示(1)省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主谓关系，则使用现在分词；若构成动宾关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。When(it is)heated,ice can be turned into water.加热的时候冰可以变成水。(2)在than,as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。They dont use more water than(it is)necessary.他们使用的水没有超出需要量。He runs as fast as Bob(runs)他和鲍勃跑得一样快。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 2定语从句中的省略(1)在限
6、制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that,which，whom可省略。The computer(which)I wanted to buy was sold out.我想买的那种电脑卖光了。(2)在定语从句中way作先行词，且在句中充当方式状语时，可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。I dont like the way(that)he speaks to me.我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页(3)在以the same.as.或such.as.引导的某些定语从句中，也可省略与主句相同的部分。I have the same trouble as you(have)我和你有
7、同样的困难。3宾语从句的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，那么只有第一个that可以省略。I do believe(that)I am very qualified for this voluntary work，because I have a good command of spoken English.我的确相信我适合这个志愿者工作，因为我精通英语口语。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 He said(that)the text was very important and that we shoul
8、d learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。(2)when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。I know that a movie star will come to our city but I dont know when(he will come to our city)我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 三、其他的省略情况 1动词不定式的省略(1)当不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作状语时，
9、to后的内容常省略。You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to(answer the question)如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页(2)某些使役动词，如make,let,have等和感官动词，如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.She is often hear
10、d to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。He likes to swim more than(to)skate.比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较)他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页(4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略
11、to后的内容。常见的动词有agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,would like等。Will you go to the cinema with me?Id like to(go with you)你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？我愿意。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页(5)介词but,except(除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。All he could do was nothing but wait and see.他所能做的只有等着瞧。(6)当不定式在b
12、e going to,be able to,have to,ought to,used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to(visit their parents)他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 2使用so，not等时的省略 为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句，与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，Im afraid等连用。so表
13、示赞同前述的事实，not表示不赞同前述的事实。Has she ever been to London?I dont think so.(I dont think she has ever been to London.)她曾到过伦敦吗？我想她没去过。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 Will it rain tomorrow?I hope not.(I hope it wont rain tomorrow.)明天会下雨吗？我希望不会。Can you come next week?Im afraid not.(Im afraid that I cannot come.)你下星期能来吗？恐怕我
14、不能来。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页.用省略句改写下列句子 1When I was asked how to get to the train station,I told him right away._,I told him right away.2You can ask my brother for help if it is necessary.You can ask my brother for help _.3We dont go to the cinema as much as we used to go to the cinema.We dont go to the c
15、inema _.When asked how to get to the train station if necessaryas much as we used to外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 4No matter how frequently they are performed,the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world._，the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.5If the experiment can b
16、e done carefully,it is sure to succeed._，the experiment is sure to succeed.6While I was walking along the street,I heard my name called._，I heard my name called.No matter how frequently performedIf done carefullyWhile walking along the street 外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 7 When it is possible,people should us
17、e reproducible energy instead of fossil energy._，people should use reproducible energy instead of fossil energy.8 He looked everywhere as if he was in search of something.He looked everywhere _.When possibleas if in search of something外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 9Though he was tired,he kept on working in the
18、 field._，he kept on working in the field.10The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife.The boy used to play with the knife though his father _.Though tiredtold him not to 外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页.语法与写作 1除非你被邀请发言，否则你应该在这次会议上保持沉默。_，you should remain silent at th
19、e conference.2亨利通过期末考试的可能性很小，但他仍希望通过。Henry is less likely to pass the endofterm exam,but he still _.3他们的友谊一旦失去，就无法再挽回。_，their friendship wont be won back.Unless invited to speakhopes toOnce lost外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 4在那家意大利餐馆里，我很难在菜单上找到合适的食物。I _ on the menu in that Italian restaurant.5让我惊讶的是，我儿子的作业比预期完
20、成得要好。To my surprise,my son finished his homework _.had great difficulty finding the suitable foodbetter than expected外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 指导性说明文 文体分析 本写作任务要求写安全指南，属于指导性说明文。此类写作的特点是：目的明确、简洁明了、步骤清晰、操作性强。句型以祈使句为主，时态以一般现在时为主，人称多用第一人称或第二人称。本文可分三部分：第一部分：引入话题(比如：遇到有人溺水怎么办)；第二部分：说明如何施救；第三部分：总结全文(说明实施急救的重要性)。外
21、研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 常用句式 1We should check whether the person can breathe or not.2Use the mouthtomouth method within five minutes.3Lay the patient down on a coat or sleeping bag if possible.4Cover the wound with a bandage or a piece of dry clean cloth.5Dont try to move the person unless he is in danger
22、.6Dont give the person anything to eat or drink.外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 写作要求 假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关安全指南的英文稿件。请你给该网站投稿，介绍交通事故方面的急救常识。内容包括：1首先保持镇静；2检查伤者呼吸情况，呼吸困难要实施人工呼吸；3如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 审题谋篇体裁说明文话题如何实施急救时态一般现在时人称第二人称外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 词句推敲
23、1词汇 反应_ 帮助 _ 伤口 _ 核实 _ 注意 _respondassistancewoundcheck outpay attention to外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 2句式 知道如何正确地应对起着重要的作用。Knowing how to respond properly can make a big difference._ can make a big difference.(用强调句型改写句子)这里有一些规则。你可以遵守这些规则。Here are some rules.You can follow these rules._(用定语从句合并句子)It is knowin
24、g how to respond properly that Here are some rules that you can follow.外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 如果有必要的话，要实施人工呼吸进行紧急救助。If it is necessary,use the mouthtomouth technique to give immediate assistance._，use the mouthtomouth technique to give immediate assistance.(用省略句改写句子)If necessary 外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 妙笔成篇外
25、研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 参考范文 First Aid for AccidentsIf you happen to witness an accident,what should you do to save other peoples lives?It is knowing how to respond properly that can make a big difference.Here are some rules that you can follow.Firstly,you must stay calm and call the police and an ambulan
26、ce.Next,pay attention to the persons breathing,especially if he is having trouble getting his breath.If necessary,use the mouthtomouth technique to give immediate assistance.Besides,if the injured person is bleeding,press a clean towel or cloth onto his wound.Finally,stay with the injured person and
27、 comfort him until the arrival of the police and ambulance.外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页课后 限时训练外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 名著赏析素养提能【导读】谁动了我的奶酪？是美国作家斯宾塞约翰逊写的一个寓言故事，每页都配有主人公滑稽可爱、个性鲜明的漫画形象。该书自1998年9月出版后，两年中销售2 000万册，同时迅速跃居纽约时报华尔街日报商业周刊最畅销图书排行榜第一名。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 Who moved my cheese？(excerpt)Once,long ago in a land far
28、away,there lived four little characters who ran through a maze looking for cheese to nourish them and make them happy.Two were mice named“Sniff”and“Scurry”and two were little peoplebeings who were as small as mice but who looked and acted a lot like people today.Their names were“Hem”and“Haw”Due to t
29、heir small size,it would be easy not to notice what the four of them were doing.But if you looked closely enough,you could discover the most amazing things!外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页Every day,the mice and the little people spent time in the Maze looking for their own special cheese.The mice,Sniff and Scurry
30、,possessing only simple rodent brains,but good instincts,searched for the hard nibbling cheese they liked,as mice often do.The two little people,Hem and Haw,used their brains,filled with many beliefs and emotions,to search for a very different kind of Cheesewith a capital Cwhich they believed would
31、make them feel happy and successful.外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页As different as the mice and little people were,they shared something in common.Every morning,they each put on their jogging suits and running shoes,left their little homes,and raced out into the Maze looking for their favorite cheese.The Maze wa
32、s a labyrinth of corridors and chambers,some containing delicious cheese.But there were also dark corners and blind alleys leading nowhere.It was an easy place for anyone to get lost.外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 谁动了我的奶酪？(节选)从前，在一个遥远的地方，住着四个小家伙。为了填饱肚子和享受乐趣，他们在一座迷宫里跑来跑去，在那里寻找一种叫“奶酪”的食物。有两个小家伙是老鼠，一个叫“嗅嗅”，另一个叫“匆匆
33、”。另外两个家伙则是小矮人，和老鼠一般大小，但和人一个模样，而且他们的行为也和我们今天的人类差不多。他们的名字，一个叫“哼哼”，另一个叫“唧唧”。由于他们四个实在太小了，他们在干什么当然不太会引起旁人的注意。但如果你凑近去仔细观察，你会发现许多令人惊奇不已的事情！外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页两个老鼠和两个小矮人每天都在迷宫中度过，在其中寻找他们各自喜欢的奶酪。嗅嗅、匆匆的大脑和其他啮齿类动物的差不多一样简单，但他们有很好的直觉。和别的老鼠一样，他们喜欢的是那种适合啃咬的、硬一点的奶酪。而那两个小矮人，哼哼和唧唧，则靠脑袋行事，他们的脑袋里装满了各种信念和情感。他们要找的是一种特殊的带字
34、母“C”的奶酪。他们相信，这样的奶酪会给他们带来幸福，使他们成功。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页尽管小老鼠和小矮人的目标各不相同，但他们做的事情有些是差不多的。每天早上，他们会各自穿上运动服和慢跑鞋，离开他们的小房子，跑进迷宫寻找他们各自钟爱的奶酪。迷宫中有许多曲折的走廊和好像蜂窝似的房间，其中的一些房间里藏着美味的奶酪，但有的地方则是黑暗的角落和隐蔽的死胡同，任何人走进去都很容易迷路。外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页外研版英语必修第三册返回导航下页上页 7Once,long ago in a land far away,there lived four little characters who ran through a maze looking for cheese to nourish them and make them happy.分析：该句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词characters；looking for cheese是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
