1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020长沙统一模拟)When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming cli
2、mate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasnt there anymore.Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a fulltime lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a cl
3、ass.This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat “this is such an intractable pr
4、oblem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(怀疑论者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.Dillon wasnt going into environmental workhe was a computerscience major. Yet, the potential for a
5、 worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a fulltime volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢复) projects.Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinsons class was just what he was looking fora place where he
6、 could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.Atkinson said she hoped the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.“We are already changing the planetso many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively imp
7、acted，” she said. “The future isnt going to be what they imagined.”【解题导语】Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren Atkinson给学生开设了课程，教学生如何面对气候变化，她的课程让很多学生关注环境问题。1Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?ATo lay a basis for Fawn Sharps further research.BTo prove Fawn Sharps work is
8、 similar to Atkinsons.CTo lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.DTo show scientists concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.C解析：推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。2Whats the main purpose of Atkinsons class?ATo explore
9、how different people deal with climate change.BTo get students more concerned about the environmental issue.CTo find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.DTo teach students how to conduct research about environment.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she taught students.the emotional burdens of e
10、nvironmental studies.and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”可知，她给学生讲环境研究的情感压力，她让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决方法这个事实这是“一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它。”由此可知，Atkinson的课程目的是让学生们更加
11、关注环境问题，故选B。3Which of the following words best explains “intractable” underlined in Paragraph 3?ASimple.BDifficult.CCommon.DInteresting.B解析：词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决方法这个事实，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest
12、of their lives”可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它，故选B。4How did Atkinsons class influence Dillon?AIt made him work as a parttime volunteer for restoration projects.BIt made him realize a planetwide climate disaster would happen.CIt encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.DIt disco
13、uraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.C解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work.discuss his concerns about a changing climate.”可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，Atkinson的课程鼓励Dillon参与环境保护，故选C。B(2020湖北武昌区调研)Historians and archaeologists have define
14、d periods of human history for centuries by the technologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society. This includes the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. But what age are we in now? That question can be answered with one word for some researchers: Plastics.“Plastic has redef
15、ined our material culture and the artifacts we leave behind. It will be found in stratified(分层的) layers in our trash deposits(沉积层)” Thats according to John Marston, an archaeologist.The wide variety of synthetic polymers(合成聚合物) would not exist if it werent for human action. About six billion tons of
16、 plastics have been made and spread around the planet. They have been spread from forests to oceans ever since the first plastic polymers were invented.Plastics are one of the most significant changes that humans have made to the Earths makeup. Most plastics dont easily degrade. This only adds to th
17、e problem. Recycling isnt an adequate solution. Not all types of plastic are easily recyclable. And there are only a few recycling plants that can process all varieties of plastic.According to Debra Winter, writer for The Atlantic, this means that many of the materials thrown into recycling bins can
18、 cross the planet several times before they are processed. They are made into rugs, sweaters, or they are used to make other bottles. Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean. The problem has reached the point where its possible that in
19、 just a few decades there might be more plastic in the worlds oceans than fishes.“Plastics have a supposed lifespan of over 500 years, so its safe to say that every plastic bottle you have used exists somewhere on this planet, in some form or another，” Winter writes.The damage may already be done. I
20、t may be too late for human populations worldwide to change their plastic using ways. So the Plastic Age might soon take its place next to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in the history of human civilization.【解题导语】在我们所处的时代，塑料给我们的生活带来了很大便利，但是也给环境造成了巨大损害。5Why do people call our age the Plastic Age?ABe
21、cause plastics are not naturally made.BBecause humans create plastics.CBecause plastics influence the world greatly.DBecause historians and archaeologists think so.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，历史学家和考古学家是通过对社会造成最大影响的技术或材料来界定人类历史时期的，由此可推知，我们称现在这个时代为塑料时代的原因是塑料极大地影响了世界，故C项正确。6According to the passage, how are m
22、ost plastics dealt with currently?AThey are recycled.BThey are degraded.CThey are thrown away.DThey are made into bottles.C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean.”可知，每年数百万吨的塑料垃圾被回收，但是更多的塑料垃圾最终被扔到垃圾场或海洋中了，故C项正确。7What i
23、s the authors attitude to the Plastic Age?ANegative.BAmbiguous.CFavorable.DUnconcerned.A解析：观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者在文章中描述了塑料垃圾对社会的巨大的负面影响，尤其在最后一段中作者提到，塑料垃圾对社会可能已经造成了损害，世界各地的人们改变使用塑料的方式可能太晚了。由此可推知，作者对塑料时代持消极态度。故A项正确。8What is the main idea of this passage?APlastics have ruined our environment.BWe must stop u
24、sing plastics altogether.CHuman beings are in the Plastic Age.DPlastics are significant to human development.C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是我们人类现在处于塑料时代并解释了我们这个时代被称为塑料时代的原因，由此可推知，C项最符合文意。.七选五(2020石家庄高三一模)Three in five people in the UK hold a library card. For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresse
25、s of daytoday life. 1._ If youre considering joining your local library, now is the time to do so. And if you need any more encouragement, here are several reasons why you should.Most libraries in the UK allow members of the general public to come and go as they like. 2._ You can also take out a lib
26、rary card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.3_ Imagine just how many books you have at your fingertips with a library card. There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the
27、time. Its a priceless experience, especially for kids, and also a great way to level the educational playing field.Libraries develop with times. They have changed greatly since decades ago. 4._ Some libraries have apps so you can see when your books are due back and even reserve books in some cases.
28、 There are also libraries which let you access books in digital formats on your mobile devicepretty cool.Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community. They have noticeboards to offer services lik
29、e exercise classes or learning centres. 5._ALibraries help people learn.BLibraries help educate the kids.CThey create a great sense of community.DYou can go in, settle down and read a book without being charged a penny.EMost libraries now have computers and allow people to borrow CDs and DVDs.FLibra
30、ries help us save money as were borrowing books rather than buying them.GFor others, particularly the homeless and people in poverty, a lifeline to the world.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加入图书馆的原因。图书馆是人们减压的好场所，在那里人们还可以免费学习文化知识。图书馆随着时代发展，创造了一种社区意识。1G解析：根据空前一句“For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses
31、 of daytoday life.”可知，对一些人来说，图书馆是躲避日常生活压力的庇护所；据此可推知，空处应与此对应，介绍其他人对图书馆的看法，故G项符合语境。2D解析：根据空后一句“You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.”可知，你也可以拿出借书证免费借书，不过如果逾期还书，你将不可避免地面临罚款；据此可推知，空处应是介绍在图书馆免费读书的情况，故D项符合语境，衔接上下文。且D项中的“Yo
32、u can”与空后一句中的“You can also”相呼应。3A解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合对本段的整体理解，尤其是该段第三句“There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the time.”可知，通过阅读，你可以一直拓展你的学习，扩大你的词汇量；据此可知，该段主要说明了图书馆可以帮助人学习，故A项正确。4E解析：根据本段的主题句“Libraries develop wit
33、h times.”和空后的“Some libraries have apps”可知，空处应是介绍现如今的图书馆利用现代技术设备的情况，故E项与此处匹配。5C解析：根据该段第一句“Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community.”可知，图书馆能让公众聚集起来成为一个社区；结合空处位置可知，空处总结该段，即图书馆创造了一种社区意识，故C项正确。.语法
34、填空(2020江西三校联考)Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not 1._(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who dont eat meat, while vegans are people who dont eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles 2._(become) more wellknown i
35、n the UK. 3._ are Britons cutting their meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production 4._ the environment. 5._(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their ea
36、ting habits in order to become 6._(healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce 7._ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure.Organic farming is 8._ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modif
37、ied (转基因的) food and want their food to be 9._(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat 10._(produce) without the use of drugs.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了英国正在流行的两大趋势，即素食主义和有机农业。1to eat解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为固定搭配decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”，故用不定式作宾语。2are becoming解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。与上文“Vege
38、tarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼应可知，此处用现在进行时，表示现在的一种趋势，且与句子主语的复数形式保持一致，故用are becoming。3Why解析：考查疑问副词。与语境中的问号呼应，并结合下文的内容可推知，此处表示对原因的疑问，故用特殊疑问词Why。4on解析：考查介词。effect on sb./sth.意为“对某人/某(事)物有影响”，为固定搭配，故用介词on。5Worries解析：考查名词的单复数。worry为可数名词时，意为“令人担忧的事”，且根据语境及该句中的have可知，此处用名词的复数形式作主语
39、。6healthier解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：为了变得更健康，其他一些人选择改变他们的饮食习惯。此处包含一个比较的概念，故用形容词比较级形式作become的表语。7the解析：考查冠词。risk被介词短语of certain cancers修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。8another解析：考查限定词。与上文“Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼应可知，此处表示另外一种兴起的趋势，故用限定词another修饰名词trend，表示“再一，另一”。9organically解析：考查副词。修饰动词用副词，故用副词organically修饰动词produced。10is produced解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，produce与句子主语Organic meat是被动关系，且表示客观叙述，故用其一般现在时的被动语态形式。
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