1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia一、语基必备知识 (一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇在不认识的词汇前划sandstorm ncampaign n.forecast vt. mask n.atmosphere n. chemical n.garbage n. melt vi.coastal adj. evidence n.urgent adj. scary adj.核心词汇写其形1mass adj. 大量的；大规模的 2process n. 进程；过程3citizen n. 公民；市民4absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地.拓展词汇通其变1fright n. 害怕；
2、恐惧frightening adj.吓人的；可怕的frighten vt.使害怕frightened adj.害怕的2dust n沙尘；灰尘dusty adj.满是灰尘的3strong adj.坚强的；强壮的 strength n力量；力气strengthen vt.加强strongly adv.强有力地；坚强地4cycle vi.骑自行车；循环cyclist n骑自行车的人 recycle v重新利用；再循环5environment n环境environmental adj.环境的6pollute vt.污染pollution n污染7concern n& v关心，担心；影响，涉及conce
3、rned adj.关心的；担心的 concerning prep.关于；涉及8major adj.主要的；多数的majority n大多数，多数9complain vi.抱怨；发牢骚complaint n抱怨10protect v保护protection n保护1.“可怕的”形容词小结frightening吓人的scary 恐怖的terrible 可怕的horrible 恐怖的terrifying 令人惊恐的2.前缀fore表示“前面，预先”forecast v预报foretell v. 预言foresee v. 预见forehead n. 前额foreword n. 前言3.后缀th名词集锦
4、strength力量length 长度warmth 温暖truth 真理youth 青春 (二)重点短语记牢用活1cut_down砍倒；削减2be_caught_in 突然遭遇(风暴等)3one_after_another 一个接一个地4have_a_bad_effect_on 对有坏影响5take_in 吸收6give_out 放出；发出7in_a_nutshell 简言之；概括地讲8look_through 浏览；仔细检查1.in a nutshell同义短语小聚in a word总之all in all 总之in short 总之in brief 总之in general 总体来说2.由
5、one after another想到的one by one一个接一个地one after the other 相继地；一个接一个地from one .to another 一个又一个one another 互相one and all 全都 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：so . that .引导结果状语从句 They are often so_thick_that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.沙尘常常弥漫以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到
6、可以移动沙丘。句型2：“make itadj./n.to do.”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语 The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes_it_difficult_to_see.暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。句型3：if引导省略的状语从句 The garbage is then taken away and, if_possible,_recycled.然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。二、
7、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式A根据汉语提示写出下列单词1The weatherman has forecast(预报) that it will stay hot for another 5 days.2(2018浙江卷6月)Friedman points out that the green economy is a chance to keep American strength(实力；优势)3The company is starting a new advertising campaign(活动) to attract new customers to its st
8、ores. 4Economic development is both consistent with and contradictory to environment(环境)5In life and work, many of us have used emoticons(表情符号) to send positive atmosphere(气氛) or soften statements.B根据所给单词写出适当形式6Cycling is an absolutely(absolute) energysaving means of transportation.7Its time to have
9、 lunch, so I think there surely are masses(mass) of people in the dining room.8They tend to buy cheap processed(process) foods like canned chicken and hamburger.9To keep healthy, Professor Johnson took up cycling(cycle) as a kind of exercise after he retired.10With no one to turn to in such a fright
10、ening(frighten)situation, she felt very helpless. .语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019全国卷)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.块；堆2(2019浙江卷6月) When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 骑自行车3
11、(2019全国卷) More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. 优点；长处4(2019全国卷) If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to
12、 use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. 担心；忧虑.选词成篇cut down; one after another; take in; give out; in a nutshell; put. into.Its generally agreed that trees do a lot of good to the environment. They 1.take_in carbon dioxide and 2.give_out oxygen. 3.In_a_nutshell,_if we keep on 4.
13、cutting_down trees, disasters like sandstorms are likely to come 5.one_after_anotherbe caught in; have a bad effect on; take away; look through; as a result of; wake up toNowadays the number of electric bikes is rising rapidly, which 6.has_a_bad_effect_on the road safety. Often we 7.are_caught_in th
14、e traffic jam 8.as_a_result_of electric bike drivers not obeying traffic rules. And if we 9.look_through newspapers, we can often see accidents caused by electric bikes.完成语段We had planned to go outing , but 1.the_rain_was_so_heavy_that_we_had_to_abandon_the_previous_plan(雨那么大，以致我们只得放弃先前的计划). Unfortu
15、nately, the rain lasted two days, 2.making_it_impossible_for_us_to_go_out(使得我们不可能出行). However, 3.if_possible(如果可能的话), we will go for a picnic next weekend. strengthnU力量，体力；C长处，强项 基础练习单句语法填空(湖北卷)To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths(strong) and
16、 weaknesses.(2018全国卷) To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to_strengthen(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.(四川卷)Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength to_do(do) the most difficult thing in my life.能力提升完成句子(浙江卷)练中国功
17、夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的性情。Practising Chinese kungfu can not only build_up_ones_strength,_but also develop ones character. (1)have the strength to do有做的力气/意志力build up ones strength 增强体质(2)strong adj. 坚强的；强壮的(3)strengthen vt. 加强 佳句背诵 Though I didnt have the strength to climb any further, I finally got to th
18、e top of the mountain with all my strength because my father encouraged me all the time.虽然我没有力气爬得再高，但是我终于用尽全力爬上山顶，因为我父亲一直鼓励我。词块助记gather ones strength积蓄力量physical strength 体力 strength of will 意志力strengthen our friendship 巩固我们的友谊 concernedadj.关心的；担心的，有关的基础练习单句语法填空a. (2018全国卷) It does point out that ma
19、ny parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about/for increased screen time.bAs we all know, parents focus their attention on their childrens study, because it is concerned with/in their future.Concerned(concern) about the health of her son, Mrs. Jackson went to the school to v
20、isit him every week.a.(2018全国卷)Id like to share with you some information concerning(concern) Chinese table manners.bHe asked several questions concerned(concern) with the future of the company.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)In my opinion, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activi
21、ties. (2017浙江卷11月)(高级表达)_As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_ you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities. (1)be concerned about/for 关心；挂念be concerned with/in 与有关；参与；牵涉到as/so far as.be concerned 就而言(2)concern n& v. 关心；担心；与有关show/express ones concern about/for . 对表示关心/担心(3
22、)concerning prep. 有关；涉及 佳句背诵 The accident is not concerned with him. You neednt be concerned about/for him.这场意外事故和他没有关系，你不必担心他。名师点津 concerned 用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；用作后置定语时意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning 用作介词时意为“关于；对于”。词块助记a major concern for teenagers青少年关注的一个主要问题all individuals concerned 所有相关人员 complainvi.抱怨；发
23、牢骚；诉说；控诉基础练习单句语法填空(2018天津卷) The students began complaining about/of how cold it would be.In time of difficulty, what we need is not complaint(complain) to each other but understanding of each other.能力提升完成句子一些高中学生抱怨他们没有时间阅读，因为他们有太多的家庭作业要做。Some of the senior students complained_that_they_had_no_time_t
24、o_read because they had too much homework to do. (1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事complain (to sb.) that.(向某人)抱怨(2)complaint n. 抱怨，牢骚，投诉make a complaint to sb. about/of sth. 向某人抱怨某事 佳句背诵 He complained to me that he had done everything with all his strength, but failed to pass
25、 the tests. 他向我抱怨他已经尽全力做了一切， 但是还是考试不及格。 cut down砍倒；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)一词多义写出下列句中cut down的含义(湖北卷)The community college has to cut down on staff to save money. 裁减With more and more forests cut down, some animals are in danger of dying out.砍倒We need to cut the article down to 1，000 words.缩减能力提升完成句子(湖南卷)我当时
26、正跟玛格丽特说话，杰克森打断了我们。I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson cut_incut in插嘴；打断cut off 切掉；切断；(常用于被动语态)使隔绝cut up 切碎 佳句背诵 As is known to us, smoking is harmful to our health.Youd better quit smoking or at least cut down the amount of smoking. 众所周知，吸烟对我们的健康有害，你最好戒烟或者至少减少吸烟量。 take in摄入；吸收；收留；包括；包含；理解；领会
27、；欺骗一词多义写出下列句中take in的含义(湖北卷)It was several minutes before I took in what he was saying.理解；领会(辽宁卷)Dont be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺骗(四川卷)The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.摄入Her lecture took in all the r
28、ecent developments in the subject.包括；包含take off起飞；(事业)成功；脱下；请假take on 呈现；雇用；承担take over 接收；接管take up 占据；开始从事 佳句背诵 Plants naturally take in carbon dioxide and cut down air pollution. 植物天生吸收二氧化碳，减少大气污染。 give out发出(光、热、声音、气体等)；分发；发表；用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽；宣布；发布一词多义写出下列句中give out的含义Just as I approached the town, my
29、 legs finally gave out.筋疲力尽(山东卷)What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given out？用完；耗尽The fire can be compared with the sun, and both all give out light and warm up.发出(福建卷)The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.宣布；发布能力提升完成句
30、子(2019浙江卷6月) For legal reasons, most restaurants have a policy against giving_away(捐赠) food waste. give in (to)让步；投降；上交give away 捐赠；分发；颁发(奖品)；泄露(秘密)give back 归还；使恢复give up 投降；放弃give off 释放出；发出(气味、光、热等) 名师点津 表示“用光，用尽”时，give out, run out是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态，也不接宾语，主语往往是物。use up, run out of是及物动词短语，有被动语态，主语
31、往往是人。if引导省略的状语从句(教材原句)The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。基础练习单句语法填空(江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. If so,_wed better take it to the garage immediately.a.Though working(work) day and night, he still could not make enough money
32、to pay off his debts.bWhen completed(complete), the museum will be open to the public in 2022.能力提升完成句子If the food tastes nice, Ill go to buy some more；if_not(如果不是这样的话), I wont go.My father suggests that I should take some notes if_necessary(如果有必要的话) while listening to the teachers in class. (1)在if，w
33、hen，while，once，whether，unless，though等引导的从句中如果含有系动词be的某种形式，从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语是it时，从句的主语和系动词be可以省略。 (2)if构成的其他省略形式： if any如果有的话；if necessary 如果需要的话；if so如果是这样的话； if ever 如果曾经有的话； if not如果不这样的话。佳句背诵 If possible, we should bridge the cultural differences and bring more Chinese literature to British read
34、ers. 如果可能的话，我们应该弥合文化分歧，将更多中国文学作品带给英国的读者。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1There is convincing evidence(evident) that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.2(2017天津卷)The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely(absolute) nowher
35、e here.3Your smile is one of the strongest tools that make it possible for you to_meet(meet) new people. 4Id rather read than watch TV now because I think the programs seem to_be_getting(get) worse all the time.5Being_caught(catch) in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.维度二在空白处填入1个
36、适当的单词1Did you take in the speech the visiting scholar made yesterday?Not really. He spoke with an Australian accent and a bit too fast for me.2After covering fifty miles or so, his legs gave out and he had to take a rest.3The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly atmospher
37、e.4Having adjusted themselves to Earths gravity upon landing for about 50 minutes, the three astronauts came out of the return capsule one after another.5So loudly did he speak that every people in the next room could hear him.维度三派生词练习1He always complained about his job.His friends ignored his compl
38、aint(complain)2We strongly feel that many factors determine whether we can succeed in our life and careers, including a strong body and a good personality.Knowing our strength is also very important.But the most important is to strengthen the ties with the people around us.(strength)3The public have
39、 shown great concern about the food safety, because it concerns the peoples health.It is hoped that the authorities concerned can really do something about the issue concerning the public health.(concern)4The frightening scene frightened the boy.He felt frightened but he tried to hide his fright(fri
40、ght)5Lacking proper protection against cold, we try to make a fire to protect us from the cold night.(protect)维度四完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1首先，就我而言，我已经为考试做好了准备。To begin with, as_far_as_I_am_concerned,_I have made preparations for the examination. 2新技术使以更低的成本更快地生产产品成为可能。New technologies have_made_it_possible_to_
41、turn_out new products faster and at a lower cost.3作为教练，他知道自己的队员与对手相比有什么优势和劣势。As a coach, he knows what_strengths_and_weaknesses_his_athletes_have against their rivals.4Unless it is necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary.Unless_necessary,_youd better not refer to the dictionary.5人们向我抱怨得不到
42、足够的信息。People_complain_to_me_that_they_cant_get_enough_information. (complain)People_make_a_complaint_to_me_that_they_cant_get_enough_information. (complaint)提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)With peoples 1.cutting(cut) down trees, desertification has been threatening us. In the past years,
43、sandstorms 2.have_increased(increase). When 3.caught(catch) in a sandstorm, you cant help 4.but cough, so you have to wear a mask to protect yourself from the storm, 5.if possible. We have to admit that the major reason why the environment is polluted is that we just focus on the development of econ
44、omy. The factories pour chemicals into the rivers and give 6.off waste gases into the air. When people take in the harmful gases, they will fall ill. Its true that most of us are 7.concerned(concern) about the environmental protection. But its no use plaining(complain) about the present 9.urgent(urg
45、ency) situation. We must take action immediately with all our 10.strength(strong)提能二话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是李华，你市某出版社向全市中学生征文，征文题目是“Water”。请你按以下写作要点写一篇英语短文。缺乏淡水的影响因素；解决问题的措施。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)缺乏淡水对人类、动物和植物的存活有坏影响。Lack of fresh water is having_a_bad_effect_on_the_survival of human beings, ani
46、mals and plants.依我看，一个主要的因素导致了这个问题。As_far_as_Im_concerned,_one major_factor contributes to the problem.随着工业的发展，工厂排放出许多废物以致水被污染。With the development of industry, factories give_out_so_many_wastes_that_water_is_polluted为解决这个问题，急需采取几个措施。To solve the problem，it_is_urgent_that several measures (should) b
47、e taken.我们必须帮助大众意识到节约淡水的重要性并关心水资源。We must help the public wake_up_to the importance of saving fresh water and become_concerned_about water resources.如果可能的话，不仅要制定更严格的法律保护有限的淡水资源，而且有必要采取新的方法循环利用用过的水。If_possible,_stricter laws not only should be established to protect the limited fresh water resources
48、but also its necessary to adopt new methods to_recycle_used_water我相信我们有力量通过采取这些措施来解决这个问题。Im fully confident that we have_the_strength_to_solve_the_problem by taking these measures.2升级平淡句用倒装句升级句If_possible,_not_only_should_stricter_laws_be_established_to_protect_the_limited_fresh_water_resources_but_
49、its_also_necessary_to_adopt_new_methods_to_recycle_used_water.3衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to begin with, in a nutshell)_One possible version：WaterLack of fresh water is having a bad effect on the survival of human beings, animals and plants. As far as Im concerned, one major factor contributes to the proble
50、m. With the development of industry, factories give out so many wastes that water is polluted. To solve the problem, it is urgent that several measures (should) be taken.To begin with, we must help the public wake up to the importance of saving fresh water and become concerned about water resources.
51、 If possible, not only should stricter laws be established to protect the limited fresh water resources but its also necessary to adopt new methods to recycle used water.In a nutshell, Im fully confident that we have the strength to solve the problem by taking these measures. (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020长
52、沙统一模拟)When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming climate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she disco
53、vered the glacier wasnt there anymore.Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a fulltime lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a class.This term, she taught students on the Bothell c
54、ampus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat “this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for t
55、he rest of their lives.”Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(怀疑论者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.Dillon wasnt going into environmental workhe was a computerscience major. Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real
56、 to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a fulltime volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢复) projects.Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinsons class was just what he was looking fora place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climat
57、e.Atkinson said she hoped the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.“We are already changing the planetso many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively impacted，” she said. “The future isnt going to be what
58、 they imagined.”【解题导语】Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren Atkinson给学生开设了课程，教学生如何面对气候变化，她的课程让很多学生关注环境问题。1Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?ATo lay a basis for Fawn Sharps further research.BTo prove Fawn Sharps work is similar to Atkinsons.CTo lead into the issue of lo
59、ss caused by climate change.DTo show scientists concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.C解析：推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。2Whats the main purpose of Atkinsons class?ATo explore how different people deal with climate change.BTo g
60、et students more concerned about the environmental issue.CTo find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.DTo teach students how to conduct research about environment.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she taught students.the emotional burdens of environmental studies.and asked her 24 students to f
61、ace the reality that there is no easy fixthat this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”可知，她给学生讲环境研究的情感压力，她让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决方法这个事实这是“一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它。”由此可知，Atkinson的课程目的是让学生们更加关注环境问题，故选B。3Which of the following words best expla
62、ins “intractable” underlined in Paragraph 3?ASimple.BDifficult.CCommon.DInteresting.B解析：词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决方法这个事实，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它，故选B。
63、4How did Atkinsons class influence Dillon?AIt made him work as a parttime volunteer for restoration projects.BIt made him realize a planetwide climate disaster would happen.CIt encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.DIt discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the
64、environment.C解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work.discuss his concerns about a changing climate.”可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，Atkinson的课程鼓励Dillon参与环境保护，故选C。B(2020湖北武昌区调研)Historians and archaeologists have defined periods of human history for centuries by the tec
65、hnologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society. This includes the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. But what age are we in now? That question can be answered with one word for some researchers: Plastics.“Plastic has redefined our material culture and the artifacts we leav
66、e behind. It will be found in stratified(分层的) layers in our trash deposits(沉积层)” Thats according to John Marston, an archaeologist.The wide variety of synthetic polymers(合成聚合物) would not exist if it werent for human action. About six billion tons of plastics have been made and spread around the plan
67、et. They have been spread from forests to oceans ever since the first plastic polymers were invented.Plastics are one of the most significant changes that humans have made to the Earths makeup. Most plastics dont easily degrade. This only adds to the problem. Recycling isnt an adequate solution. Not
68、 all types of plastic are easily recyclable. And there are only a few recycling plants that can process all varieties of plastic.According to Debra Winter, writer for The Atlantic, this means that many of the materials thrown into recycling bins can cross the planet several times before they are pro
69、cessed. They are made into rugs, sweaters, or they are used to make other bottles. Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean. The problem has reached the point where its possible that in just a few decades there might be more plastic in
70、the worlds oceans than fishes.“Plastics have a supposed lifespan of over 500 years, so its safe to say that every plastic bottle you have used exists somewhere on this planet, in some form or another，” Winter writes.The damage may already be done. It may be too late for human populations worldwide t
71、o change their plastic using ways. So the Plastic Age might soon take its place next to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in the history of human civilization.【解题导语】在我们所处的时代，塑料给我们的生活带来了很大便利，但是也给环境造成了巨大损害。5Why do people call our age the Plastic Age?ABecause plastics are not naturally made.BBecause huma
72、ns create plastics.CBecause plastics influence the world greatly.DBecause historians and archaeologists think so.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，历史学家和考古学家是通过对社会造成最大影响的技术或材料来界定人类历史时期的，由此可推知，我们称现在这个时代为塑料时代的原因是塑料极大地影响了世界，故C项正确。6According to the passage, how are most plastics dealt with currently?AThey are recycle
73、d.BThey are degraded.CThey are thrown away.DThey are made into bottles.C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean.”可知，每年数百万吨的塑料垃圾被回收，但是更多的塑料垃圾最终被扔到垃圾场或海洋中了，故C项正确。7What is the authors attitude to the Plastic Age?ANegative
74、.BAmbiguous.CFavorable.DUnconcerned.A解析：观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者在文章中描述了塑料垃圾对社会的巨大的负面影响，尤其在最后一段中作者提到，塑料垃圾对社会可能已经造成了损害，世界各地的人们改变使用塑料的方式可能太晚了。由此可推知，作者对塑料时代持消极态度。故A项正确。8What is the main idea of this passage?APlastics have ruined our environment.BWe must stop using plastics altogether.CHuman beings are in the P
75、lastic Age.DPlastics are significant to human development.C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是我们人类现在处于塑料时代并解释了我们这个时代被称为塑料时代的原因，由此可推知，C项最符合文意。.七选五(2020石家庄高三一模)Three in five people in the UK hold a library card. For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses of daytoday life. 1._ If youre considering joinin
76、g your local library, now is the time to do so. And if you need any more encouragement, here are several reasons why you should.Most libraries in the UK allow members of the general public to come and go as they like. 2._ You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, although you w
77、ill inevitably face a fine for late returns.3_ Imagine just how many books you have at your fingertips with a library card. There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the time. Its a priceless experience, especially for ki
78、ds, and also a great way to level the educational playing field.Libraries develop with times. They have changed greatly since decades ago. 4._ Some libraries have apps so you can see when your books are due back and even reserve books in some cases. There are also libraries which let you access book
79、s in digital formats on your mobile devicepretty cool.Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community. They have noticeboards to offer services like exercise classes or learning centres. 5._ALibrari
80、es help people learn.BLibraries help educate the kids.CThey create a great sense of community.DYou can go in, settle down and read a book without being charged a penny.EMost libraries now have computers and allow people to borrow CDs and DVDs.FLibraries help us save money as were borrowing books rat
81、her than buying them.GFor others, particularly the homeless and people in poverty, a lifeline to the world.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加入图书馆的原因。图书馆是人们减压的好场所，在那里人们还可以免费学习文化知识。图书馆随着时代发展，创造了一种社区意识。1G解析：根据空前一句“For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses of daytoday life.”可知，对一些人来说，图书馆是躲避日常生活压力的庇护所；据此可推知
82、，空处应与此对应，介绍其他人对图书馆的看法，故G项符合语境。2D解析：根据空后一句“You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.”可知，你也可以拿出借书证免费借书，不过如果逾期还书，你将不可避免地面临罚款；据此可推知，空处应是介绍在图书馆免费读书的情况，故D项符合语境，衔接上下文。且D项中的“You can”与空后一句中的“You can also”相呼应。3A解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处为该
83、段的主题句；结合对本段的整体理解，尤其是该段第三句“There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the time.”可知，通过阅读，你可以一直拓展你的学习，扩大你的词汇量；据此可知，该段主要说明了图书馆可以帮助人学习，故A项正确。4E解析：根据本段的主题句“Libraries develop with times.”和空后的“Some libraries have apps”可知，空处应是介绍现如今
84、的图书馆利用现代技术设备的情况，故E项与此处匹配。5C解析：根据该段第一句“Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community.”可知，图书馆能让公众聚集起来成为一个社区；结合空处位置可知，空处总结该段，即图书馆创造了一种社区意识，故C项正确。.语法填空(2020江西三校联考)Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one r
85、ising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not 1._(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who dont eat meat, while vegans are people who dont eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles 2._(become) more wellknown in the UK. 3._ are Britons cutting their meat? Many
86、are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production 4._ the environment. 5._(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to become 6._(healthy). Accord
87、ing to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce 7._ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure.Organic farming is 8._ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified (转基因的) food and want their food to be 9._(organ
88、ic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat 10._(produce) without the use of drugs.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了英国正在流行的两大趋势，即素食主义和有机农业。1to eat解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为固定搭配decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”，故用不定式作宾语。2are becoming解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。与上文“Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the
89、 UK”呼应可知，此处用现在进行时，表示现在的一种趋势，且与句子主语的复数形式保持一致，故用are becoming。3Why解析：考查疑问副词。与语境中的问号呼应，并结合下文的内容可推知，此处表示对原因的疑问，故用特殊疑问词Why。4on解析：考查介词。effect on sb./sth.意为“对某人/某(事)物有影响”，为固定搭配，故用介词on。5Worries解析：考查名词的单复数。worry为可数名词时，意为“令人担忧的事”，且根据语境及该句中的have可知，此处用名词的复数形式作主语。6healthier解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：为了变得更健康，其他一些人选择改变他们的饮食习惯
90、。此处包含一个比较的概念，故用形容词比较级形式作become的表语。7the解析：考查冠词。risk被介词短语of certain cancers修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。8another解析：考查限定词。与上文“Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼应可知，此处表示另外一种兴起的趋势，故用限定词another修饰名词trend，表示“再一，另一”。9organically解析：考查副词。修饰动词用副词，故用副词organically修饰动词produced。10is produced解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，produce与句子主语Organic meat是被动关系，且表示客观叙述，故用其一般现在时的被动语态形式。
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