1、Part 语法专题被动语态1被动语态的用途观察1The plan was successfully carried out.这个计划成功地实施了。Many houses were destroyed in the hurricane.很多房子在飓风中被毁。发现1当强调动作的承受者，将承受者作为谈话的中心时用被动语态。观察2All the work has been finished by now.到现在为止，所有的工作都做完了。The old stone bridge was built in the 1870s.这座古老的石桥建于19世纪70年代。发现2当不必知道或不知道动作的执行者时用被动
2、语态。观察3The window glass of the car was broken by a stone.这辆汽车的车窗玻璃是被石头击碎的。The programme will be broadcast by the local radio station.这个节目将由当地电台播放。发现3当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时用被动语态。高考题例/即学即练在城市大学的第二年，我被告知教育部门提供了一门“免费的”课程，叫“思维棋”During my second year at the city college,I _(tell)that the education department
3、was offering a“free”course,called Thinking Chess.回到家里，埃勒斯被那只走失的狗困扰着。Back home,Ehlers _(trouble)that lost dog.was toldwas troubled by所有的骑乘者都配有反光马夹和安全灯。All riders _(equip.with)reflective vests and safety lights.一名救援工作者冒着生命危险成功解救了两名被困山中两天的游客。A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(tra
4、p)in the mountains for two days.are equipped withhad been trapped2各种时态的被动语态的构成观察Breakfast is provided for free in our hotel.我们旅馆免费提供早餐。I was invited to attend the party last week.上周我被邀请去参加了聚会。The factory will be completed in two months.这家工厂将在两个月后完工。The river is being polluted by the factory day and
5、night.这条河流正日日夜夜地被这家工厂污染。The hurt player was being sent to the hospital.那位受伤队员正在被送往医院。All the dishes have been eaten up.所有的菜都被吃完了。All the work had been finished before we got there.我们到那儿之前，所有的工作都做完了。The museum will have been built by 2020.到2020年时，这个博物馆就会盖好了。发现各种时态的被动语态谓语的构成观察例句一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are过去分词
6、一般过去时的被动语态was/were过去分词一般将来时的被动语态will/shall be过去分词现在进行时的被动语态am/is/are being过去分词过去进行时的被动语态was/were being过去分词现在完成时的被动语态has/have been过去分词过去完成时的被动语态had been过去分词将来完成时的被动语态 will/shall have been过去分词高考题例/即学即练这周我的洗衣机正在维修，因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服。My washing machine _(repair)this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
7、但是，在1897年，那儿发现了金子，两年之后，它就成了西部最大的城市之一，人口有30 000。But gold _(discover)there in 1897,and two years later,it was one of the largest cities in the West,with a population of 30,000.is being repairedwas discovered狗的饮食习惯需要有规律的训练才能正确建立。A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is properly _(esta
8、blish)农村的学校教育只分为夏季和冬季两个学期，这样做可以让孩子们在春播和秋收时有时间在农场给大人帮忙。Rural schooling _(divide)into summer and winter terms,leaving kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.establishedwas divided3被动语态的其他构成观察Something must be done to stop these accidents.必须采取某种措施以防止这些事故。We
9、 got delayed because of the holiday traffic.因为节日交通阻塞，所以我们被耽误了。Good use is made of the new library.这个新图书馆的利用率很高。发现含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词be过去分词”构成。在英语口语中，有时可用“get过去分词”构成被动语态。“动词名词介词”构成的短语动词可以把名词提前构成被动语态，注意别漏掉介词。高考题例/即学即练只有经过培训才能使用灭火器。Use a fire extinguisher only if you _(train)to do so.一部英文电影短片，叫一起成长，将于晚上7
10、：30在学校礼堂放映。An English short film,called GrowingTogether,will _(show)in the school hall at 7：30 pm.have been trainedbe shown你必须叫伊丽莎白加拉格尔，并且有加拿大护照。You must be _(name)Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian passport.与此同时，我的马受惊了，跳了起来，四处狂奔。Meanwhile,my horse got _(frighten),jumped up,and ran around wildl
11、y.named frightened4主动表被动观察These books sell well.这些书很畅销。The plan proved practical.这个计划证明是可行的。The door wont lock.门锁不上。The pen writes smoothly.这只钢笔写起来很流畅。发现有些不及物动词或短语表示主语的某种属性，常用主动表被动。如：read,prove,write,sell,wash,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,turn out,work out等。高考题例/即学即练帕尔森和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能被扫进一堆厨房垃圾里了Parsons an
12、d her husband now think the ring probably got _(sweep)into a pile of kitchen rubbish.它(地铁)涂有白色的隧道，亮丽的红色车厢，证明非常受公众欢迎。It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages,and _(prove)extremely popular with the public.有些妥协是不可避免的，但是该录像结果非常完美。Some compromises were unavoidable,but the video _(turn out)per
13、fect.swept provedturned out.单句语法填空1When you go abroad,youll find that so many products in local shops _(make)in China.2Though she often makes her little brother cry,she was made _(cry)by him this morning.3The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _(invent)4This listening material,t
14、ogether with its CD-ROMs,_(sell)well.are madeto crywas inventedsells5Excuse me,Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself.Sorry.The book you ask for _(sell)out.6After school we went to the reading room to do some reading,only to be told that it _(decorate)7If nothing _(do),the oceans will turn into fish
15、 deserts.8Unless some extra money _(find),the theatre will close.9When fat and salt _(remove)from food,the food tastes as if is missing something.10Cleaning women in big cities usually get _(pay)by the hour.is soldwas being decorated is doneis foundare removed paid.单句改错1Many of the earths plants and
16、 animals have already been died out._2You should listen carefully when you are speaking to._3How I wish I could make myself understanding fully in English._4The first part of the Great Wall built during the Spring andAutumn period._5More space explorations will made in the future by the Chinese peop
17、le._去掉been speaking改为spoken understanding改为understood 在built前加was在will后加be6The children are taken good care in the kindergarten._7The flowers need watered or they will die._8This article is difficult to be read.I need someone to explain it to me._9Having shown the classroom,we were taken to the libr
18、ary._10I want to buy that kind of cloth because I have been told the cloth wash well._在care后加ofwatered改为watering去掉beHaving后加beenwash改为washes.翻译句子1这本书出版于1988年。_2地球表面大部分被水覆盖。_3这本书值得一读。_4那个男孩吸烟时被逮住了。_5不应该夏天种树。_This book was published in 1988.Most of the earths surface is covered with water.The book is
19、worth reading.The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.Trees should not be planted in summer.单句语法填空(高考题改编)1I hear you _(invite)to dinner at your Chinese friends house.2The city _(crowd)with disappointed people with no interest in setting down,and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alas
20、ka,they left Dawson City.3Once his message _(deliver),he allowed me to stay and watch.4My washing machine _(repair)this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.5A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap)in the mountains for two days.are invitedwas crowdedwas deliveredis being repairedhad been trapped