1、Topic 41情感(一)赞同 (Favour) favour, _ pruv 2, supportive, enthusiasm, defensive, practical, logical, reasonable, rational, affection, _ InkrId84, pride, proud, _ dIlaIt23, excite, cheer up, trusting, thankful, satisfied否定 (Negation) negative,disapprove,reject,object,opposite,criticism,radical,prejudice
2、, onservative, _ nI6, envy, hate, burn up, burst into tears, miserable, heartbroken, hateful, selfish, unfriendly, hurt, _ eIm11怀疑 (Suspicion) suspicious, be suspicious of, _ dat50, question, puzzling, _ knfjuz42, _ b(r)22客观 (Objective)objective, neutral, impartial, unprejudiced, factual主观 (Subjecti
3、ve)subjective, tolerant, sensitive, scared, indifference, reserved, moderate, mild, _ meIz4, amused, biased, fascinated, ironic, curious, unforgiving, pitiful, mixed, stressful, radical, merciful, innocent, sociable approve; encourage; delight; annoy; shame; doubt; confuse; bother; amazeapproveI tol
4、d my mother I wanted to leave school but she didnt approve.The budget was approved by committee.It is reported that the course is approved by the Department for Education.(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义You arrived at a good decision, and I thoroughly approve of it._They also approve new programs of instruction an
5、d cancel or make changes in existing programs._There being no further questions, the Chair will entertain a motion to approve the Presidents report._答案：同意；赞成批准；通过核准(2)单句语法填空Mother doesnt approve _ his smoking.Lucky, my application _ (approve) by the manager very soon. We hope todays offer will meet
6、with your _ (approve) too. 答案：ofwas approvedapproval(3)单句写作他的父母很赞同他去英国深造的想法。His parents quite _ his idea of having further study in Britain.建筑计划已经被经理批准，下个月开始实施。The building plan _ the manager and will be carried out next month.答案：approved ofhas been approved by(1)v. 赞成；同意 to think that sb./sth. is g
7、ood, acceptable or suitable(2)v. 批准，通过(计划、要求等) to officially agree to a plan, request, etc.(3)v. 认可；核准 to say that sth. is good enough to be used, or is correctsatisfy(2019天津高考)Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.He has to satisfy the environmental lobby that real progress will be made to c
8、ut emissions.(2019北京高考)Success means getting personal desires satisfied.(1)用satisfy的适当形式填空Its _ to play a game really well.Shes never _ with what shes got.To his _， his son made rapid progress in English.His father tried his best to _ his demands.答案：satisfyingsatisfiedsatisfactionsatisfy(2)单句写作令我们满意
9、的是我们涨工资了。_， we get our pay raised.获胜者满意地笑了。The winner smiled _.我对那个结果感到很满意。_我的成绩单使我的父母很满意。_最令人满意的是他们按时完成了工作。_答案：To our satisfactionwith satisfactionI am satisfied with the result.My school records satisfied my parents.What was most satisfying was that they finished the work in time.(1)v. 使满意；使满足；使高兴
10、 to give you enough of what you want or need to make you pleased or contented(2)v. 使确信；向证实 to make sb. certain sth. is true or has been done(3)v. 满足(要求、需要等) to provide what is wanted, needed or asked forsatisfying adj. 令人满意(或满足)的satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的，欣慰的be satisfied with 对感到满意satisfaction n. 满足；令人满
11、意的事to ones satisfaction 令人满意的是find/feel satisfaction in/at . 对感到满意take satisfaction in . 对感到满足；乐于with satisfaction 满意地be far from satisfaction 令人很不满意annoy(2016全国卷)It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out.Please dont annoy me. Im really busy now! (1)用annoy的适当形式填空(2019全国卷)Bacteria a
12、re an _ problem for astronauts.(2019全国卷)Dont openly express _ at a professor or class.I was _ at those _ things because my mind was full of _ and those things were _ me all the time.答案：annoyingannoyanceannoyed; annoying; annoyances; annoying(2)句型转换It is annoying when you see the chewing gum on the s
13、treets and the litter left in my garden._， we see the chewing gum on the streets and the litter left in my garden.答案：To our annoyance(3)单句写作孩子们没有停止说话，我开始有点烦他们。_我没被邀请，这真让我心烦。_答案：The kids hadnt stopped talking, and I was beginning to get annoyed with them.I was really annoyed that I hadnt been invited
14、.(1)v. 使恼怒；使生气 to make sb. slightly angry(2)v. 打扰；骚扰 to make sb. uncomfortable or unable to relaxannoyance n. 令人生气的事物；烦恼，恼怒to sb.s annoyance 让某人恼火的是annoyed adj. 生气的；烦恼的常用于下列结构：be annoyed annoying adj. 使烦恼的；使恼怒的；使生气的amazeHe amazed us by his knowledge of Welsh history and culture.(2019全国卷)One was that
15、 I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.(1)用amaze的适当形式填空Dave _ his friends by leaving a wellpaid job to travel around the world.I was _ to hear the _ story.The little girl was filled with _ when she first saw the bright lights.答案：amazedamazed; amazin
16、gamazement(2)单句写作听到她的父母都去世的消息我们很惊愕。_令我大为惊讶的是，当我们二十年后再次相逢时，我的英语老师叫出了我的名字。_他那么快就答应了，这使我们大为惊奇。_答案：We were amazed to hear that her parents died.Much to my amazement, my English teacher called out my name when we met again after 20 years.We were amazed that he agreed so quickly.(1)v. 使惊奇；使惊愕；使惊诧 to surpr
17、ise sb. very much(2)adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 very surprisedamazing指“令人吃惊的”，强调某人/某事物给他人的感受；而amazed表示本身的感觉，并不强调对他人的影响，多指“(人)感到吃惊的”。stress(2019全国卷)It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood.I think the company places too much
18、 stress on cost and not enough on quality.Stress and rhythm are important in speaking English.(2019北京高考)And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands.(1)用stress的适当形式填空It was a very _ time for all of us.They put particular _ on the need for discipline.He was feeling very _ and tired.答案
19、：stressfulstressstressed(2)单句写作The head teacher _ (强调的重要性) learning English well.The poor girl stole some bread _ (为所迫) hunger.老师反复强调考试的重要性。_有些年轻人在现代生活的压力下过着艰难的生活。_有些学校极注重语言学习。_答案：stressed the importance ofunder the stress ofThe teacher put stress on the importance of exam again and again.Some young
20、 people live a hard life under the stress of the modern life.Some schools put/lay/place great stress on language study.(1)n. 精神压力；心理负担；紧张 pressure or worry caused by the problems in sb.s life(2)n. 强调；重要性 special importance given to sth.(3)n. 重音；重读 an extra force used when pronouncing a particular wo
21、rd or syllable(4)v. 强调；着重 to emphasize a fact, an idea, etc.under the stress of 在压力下lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调stress the importance of . 强调的重要性stressed adj. 感到压力的stressful adj. 产生压力的stressful指形容事物有压力的，而stressed指人感到紧张的，感到有压力的。She finds her new teaching job very stressful.她觉得新的教学工作非常紧张。If youre f
22、eeling stressed, putting on some calming music while you work could really help.如果你感到有压力，在工作时听一些平静的音乐真的会对你有帮助作用。.阅读(2019浙江高考)Money_with_no_strings_attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins
23、 and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic backgrounds gave and took，” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project
24、. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip (片段) shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks
25、 that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles，” Bridges said. “Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.” Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip
26、might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days，” he said. “Some days you need
27、 a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Tyler Bridges创办的一项“尽你所能，取你所需”的活动。这一活动吸引了许多不同的人，其唯一目的就是展现人们的慷慨和同情心。结果显示，人们付出的多，获取的少，达到了预期效果。同情和仁慈是很宝贵的品质，我们要有一颗同情和仁慈之心。(We must have compassion and kindness.)1What does the expression “Money with no strings a
28、ttached” in paragraph 1 mean?AMoney spent without hesitation.BMoney not legally made.CMoney offered without conditions.DMoney not tied together.答案：C词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Give What You Can, Take What You Need.(尽你所能，取你所需)”可知，此处“money with no strings attached”的意思应该是“无条件提供钱”，故C项正确。2What did Bridges want to show
29、 by mentioning the bride?AWomen tended to be more sociable.BThe activity attracted various people.CEconomic problems were getting worse.DYoung couples needed financial assistance.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic (社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took， .” 可知，这项活动吸引了不同年龄、不同种族、
30、不同社会经济背景的人们，甚至有一位穿礼服的新娘都来拿了几美元。提到这位新娘的目的是说明这项活动吸引了许多不同的人，故B项正确。3Why did Bridges carry out the project?ATo do a test on peoples morals.BTo raise money for his company.CTo earn himself a good reputation.DTo promote kindness and sympathy.答案：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，Bridges开展该项活动的目的是展现人们的慷慨和同情心，故选D项。attach v.
31、把固定， 把附(在上)socioeconomic adj. 社会经济的document n. 文件v. 记录contribute to 捐助， 捐(款)给(第三段第二句)Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.译文：有一种感觉，给予可以得到什么，这在给予最多的人身上很明显。分析：本句是and连接的并列句，前一个分句本身是复合句，其中带有同位语从句“that giving can do for you”；后一个分句中带有一个定语从句“
32、that gave the most”，修饰先行词those。(2019湖北黄冈高三三模)A South Korean man and the 21 ducklings he has been raising as his children ever since they hatched have been breaking the Internet with their amazing bond. A video that recently went viral in the western world shows the cute birds following their “mother
33、” on a mountain hike and listening to his every command.The middleaged man, whose name is not revealed in the video, has been taking care of his 21 ducklings ever since they were eggs, making sure the incubation (孵化) period went smoothly, and even helping the tiny birds break through their shell whe
34、n it came time to hatch. He was the first thing they laid eyes on in this world, and he has remained the most important figure in their lives since.Ducklings naturally follow their mother around, and since the man was the one who acted as their mother, these birds follow him everywhere, even up a mo
35、untain. To them its only natural, but the middleaged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild. He would love to raise them all as pets, but knows that wouldnt be ideal for him or the birds, so hes making sure that they are strong enough to s
36、urvive in the wild.The video shows the ducks following the middleaged man as he hikes up a mountain outside Seoul, stopping whenever he does and refusing to follow anyone else, even if they give the same “lets go” command their human mother does. Unless they hear his voice and see him moving, they d
37、ont budge. Its actually quite remarkable. I mean, its one thing to see dogs acting like this, but ducklings? Thats something else.While its not clear what the man does for a living, Im pretty sure he has a lot of experience with ducks, as at one point he reveals a certificate for “father of duckling
38、s” dated 2005.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了韩国一位中年男子把小鸭子当“孩子”养，这些小鸭子把他当成了“妈妈”，到处跟着他，很自然地服从这个人的命令。付出爱心，真正关爱(show love and true care)，连小鸭子也能培养出感情。4What can we learn from the video?AThe ducklings just broke through their shells.BThe man accidentally saved some ducklings.CThe ducklings just obeyed the man natura
39、lly.DThe man took pride in his ducklings.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“小鸭子很自然地会跟着它们的妈妈到处走，因为这个人就是它们的妈妈，所以这些小鸭子到处跟着他，甚至上了山。”可知，我们能从这个视频中得知，小鸭们很自然地服从这个人， 故选C。5Whats the mans purpose of raising the ducklings?ATo make a living by performing.BTo film a video to attract attention.CTo free them into the wild one day.
40、DTo make a contribution to a bird reserve.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“对它们来说，这是很自然的，但是中年男人认为这是为它们最终被放归野外而进行的训练。”由此可知，这个男子养小鸭的目的是有一天把它们放归野外，故选C。6Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “budge” in Paragraph 4?AAttack. BMove.CEnd. DStruggle.答案：B词义猜测题。根据上文“视频显示，当这名中年男子爬上首尔郊外的一座山时，鸭子们跟着他，无论他什么时候
41、停下来，它们都不愿跟着任何人，即使给它们发出和人类母亲同样的让我们走命令。”可知，“Unless they hear his voice and see him moving, they dont budge.”意为“除非它们听到他的声音，看到他在动， 否则它们不会动。”故选B。7What can be the best title for the text?A“Father” and “mother” of cute petsBMan raises ducklings as his “children”CDucklings also regarded as good petsDAmazing
42、 bond between man and animals答案：B标题判断题。第一段中的“最近在西方世界走红的一段视频显示，这些可爱的小鸟跟随它们的妈妈爬山，听从他的每一个命令。”且结合全文内容可知，这篇文章最好的题目是“人类把小鸭子当孩子养”，故选B。hatch v. 孵化viral adj. 病毒的，病毒引起的command v& n. 命令survive v. 幸存(第二段第一句)The middleaged man, whose name is not revealed in the video, has been taking care of his 21 ducklings eve
43、r since they were eggs, making sure the incubation (孵化) period went smoothly, and even helping the tiny birds break through their shell when it came time to hatch.译文：视频中没有透露这名中年男子的名字，从21只小鸭还是鸭蛋时起就一直在照顾它们，确保孵化期顺利进行，甚至在小鸭孵化的时候帮助它们破壳。分析：本句是复合句，前面是主句部分，其中带有一个非限制性定语从句“whose name is not revealed in the vi
44、deo”，修饰先行词man，后面的“ever since they were eggs”是时间状语从句，“making sure the incubation (孵化) period went smoothly .”是and连接的并列的现在分词作状语，其中有一个时间状语从句“when it came time to hatch”。(2020“皖豫联盟体”高中毕业班第一次考试)Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that v
45、ery person giving someone their last 20 dollars. Thats exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphia.Bobbitt served in the US Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, NC. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where
46、he was because he was discreet about that.One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest g
47、as station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. Hed used his last $20 to buy her gas.After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark DAmico,
48、 who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldnt have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple
49、hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months expenses. Bobbitts story ran in a local paper. By November 15, more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was res
50、ting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand dollars raised to repay him for a good deed.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，这样他不用再睡在大街上的故事。善良是一个人最美好的品质。(Kindness is the best quality of
51、 a person.)只要人人多付出一点爱，世界就会变得更美好。8What does the underlined word “discreet” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?ADoubtful. BCautious.CGuilty. DOptimistic.答案：B词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为“没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步(即无家可归)的，因为他对此”。由此可以猜测，他对此非常小心谨慎，不想让别人知道。cautious “谨慎的”，故选B。9McClure met Bobbitt when she _.Acouldnt find a gas st
52、ationBgot to the way homeCcouldnt unlock her carDwas in search of gas答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt”可知，McClure是在去加油站加油时遇见Bobbitt的。10It can be known from the text that _.ABobbitts story obtained wide attentionBBobbitt became worldfamous overn
53、ightCthe GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for BobbittDthe GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt答案：A推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，McClure是在11月10日建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助Bobbitt募集一万美元。后来，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至11月15日，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的数额超过了三十万美元。由此可以推断，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。11What is the best title for the te
54、xt?AA Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness ForwardBA Homeless Veteran Had a Generous HeartCA Homeless Veterans Kindness Paid OffDA Small Kindness Made a Big Difference答案：C标题判断题。文章主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子。事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报，因此本文的最佳标题为C项。the majori
55、ty of 的大多数homeless adj. 无家的as usual 像往常一样；照例reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的(第四段第一句)After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark DAmico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries.译文：在那次意外的碰面之后，麦克卢尔和她的男朋友马克达米科，都住在新泽西州，几次给博比特
56、送礼品卡、现金、零食和洗漱用品。分析：After that unexpected meeting在句中作时间状语，who both live in New Jersey为who引导的非限制性定语从句，to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries作目的状语。(2020黄冈市高三质量检测)Empathy (同理心) is one of those strange qualitiessomething almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In
57、a world where selfsatisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.What Is Empathy? Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is no
58、t just the ability to understand someones feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feeli
59、ngs of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.Kids Need To See Adults Show EmpathyWhile some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to
60、their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.Meet Emotional NeedsWhen children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs
61、of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give something to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An_empty_jug_cannot_fill_a_cup.Its a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give th
62、eir emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to
63、 act in a situation where a response is required.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了同理心的含义以及如何培养孩子的同理心。我们要有同理心，要尊重别人的感受(respect others feelings)，善待他人、尊重他人、理解他人，不能只以自己为重。12Why are the next generation taught to have empathy?APeople tend to center themselves.BEveryone needs empathy.CEmpathy is a strange quality.DIts
64、 better to give than to receive.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“In a world where selfsatisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand.”可知人们往往强调自我满足，以自我为重，所以我们要培养下一代的同理心。13Which situation can empathy be used in?AWhen a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.BWhen a teacher is comfort
65、ing a student about his failure in exams.CWhen a criminal is cheating a victim.DWhen a dancer is dancing to music.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dig
66、nity, and understanding.”可知同理心不仅要识别一个人作何感受，而且也要重视尊重其他人的感受。这就意味着要善待他人、尊重他人、理解他人。结合B选项中的情景需要用到同理心。14What does the underlined sentence “An empty jug cannot fill a cup” mean?AAn empty jug is too small to hold a cup.BIts a must to talk to kids about emotions.CAdults should set an example to kids.DKids gi
67、ve empathy with their emotional needs met first.答案：D句意理解题。根据画线句的前一句可知只有孩子的情感需求得到满足，他们才会给予他人同理心。故选D。15What is the best title of the passage?AHow to train kids to have empathyBHow to distinguish sympathy and empathyCHow to help kids finish empathyrelated tasksDWhether kids can be trained to be more em
68、pathetic答案：A标题判断题。本文从为什么要教孩子具备同理心，同理心是什么，再到如何教孩子具备同理心。故A项最适合作标题。emphasize v. 强调；重视；着重sympathy n. 同情subsequently adv. 随后；后来；之后；接着arise v. 发生；产生；出现(第一段最后一句)This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.这就更需要教育下一代，对周围的人有同理心意味着什么。.写作新题型应用文(2
69、019浙江高考)假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1表示感谢；2回顾Alex对你的帮助；3临别祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文Dear Alex，Im sorry to hear that you are going to return to your country very soon and Im writing this email to express my gratitude for your help.First of all, thank you for helping me le
70、arn English. Without your help, I would not have made so great progress in Englishlearning. Besides, what you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.I wish you all the best in the future and have a good journey.Yours，Li Hua写作点拨感谢信是受到对方某种恩惠，如受到邀请、接待、慰问，收到礼品及得到帮助之后，而表达感谢之情的信件。
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