1、Unit 2Healthy eating【热点话题】Food and diet(饮食)节食减肥的利弊体裁：议论文写作思路：引入话题节食的好处及理由盲目节食的弊端及理由【美文诵读】More_and_more_people，especially_females，are_beginning_to_go_on_a_diet. Dieting is of great benefit to the overweighted people.First，being overweight is bad for ones health because it leads to heart disease，high
2、blood pressure，etc.Second，being overweight brings about so much inconvenience to the life of the over weighted people and dieting enables_them_to_enjoy_life_more.On_the_other_hand，dieting_also_has_some_disadvantages. For one thing，many people diet not because they really want to live a healthy life，
3、but because they only want to keep_slim. In this way，they will suffer from malnutrition.For another，Dieters lead_a_miserable_life because they are forever hungry and，at the same time，they have to go through the misery of watching others enjoy three meals a day.【学海拾贝】按要求完成或翻译下列句子。1越来越多的人，特别是美国人，开始学汉语
4、了。(模仿)More_and_more_people，especially_Americans，are_beginning_to_learn_Chinese2精通汉语能让他们找到好工作。(enable sb.to do sth.)Having_a_good_master_of_Chinese_enables_them_to_get_better_jobs3另一方面，吃太多甜食也有一些弊端。(disadvantages)On_the_other_hand，eating_too_much_sweet_food_also_has_some_disadvantages4Lucy only had on
5、e meal a day to_keep_slim(为了保持苗条的身体)5The farmers there are_leading_a_miserable_life(过着悲惨的生活)because of the bad weather.按要求写出下列单词1日常饮食；节食 n& vdiet2叹气n& vsigh3咨询，请教v.consult4债务，欠款 ndebt5研究，调查n.& vresearch6怒视；怒目而视 n& vglare7减肥；苗条的v.& adj.slim8女主人n.hostess9顾客n.customer10折扣n.discount11(使)联合，(使)结合 vcombin
6、e联合 ncombination12好奇心 ncuriosity好奇的 adj.curious好奇地 adv.curiously13力量；强项 nstrength强壮的 adj.strong加强 vstrengthen14界限；限制 n& vlimit有限的 adj.limited无限的 adj.limitless15有利 n& vbenefit有益的 adj.beneficial用所给单词的适当形式填空。1I have_digested_what he said for you：as a babys ability of digesting_food is rather poor，you s
7、hould give her some porridge to eat because porridge is good for digestion(digest)2The boy was curious about everything he saw.(curiosity)3Despite mistakes and_weaknesses，it did a great deal of good work inside the trade unions.(weak)4This food will_strengthen_you up after your illness.(strength)5He
8、 considered that the change would be_beneficial_to his health.(benefit).翻译下列短语1扔掉；丢弃 throw_away2被放过；不受惩罚 get_away_with3谋生 earn_ones_living4欠债 in_debt5对厌倦、厌烦 be_tired_of6对感到惊讶be_amazed_at7削减 cut_down8增加体重put_on_weight9减肥；减轻体重lose_weight10赢回；重新获得win.back11不久以后before_long12窥视，窥探spy_on选用上述短语完成下列短文。Lucy
9、was once in_debt and in order to earn_her_living，she had to work in a small resturant.To save money，she collected the leftover food the boss wanted to throw_away and usually she ate more than enough as she wasnt willing to waste anything.Before_long，everybody said she must try to lose_weight because
10、 she was getting fatter and fatter.重点句型1Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.(p.10)王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。句子doing.doing部分为现在分词作伴随状语。The students walked out of the hall，talking and laughing.学生们有说有笑地走出大厅。用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)我一直待在教室里，我在读一本有趣的书。I_stayed_in_the_classroom_all_the_time_re
11、ading_an_interesting_book.(2)他站在窗前，看着灰濛濛的天空。He_stood_by_the_window_staring_at_the_grey_sky.2“Nothing could be better，” he thought.(p.10)他想：“再没有比这些更好(吃)的了。”否定词形容词/副词的比较级than.没有比更的了。Nobody is taller than Yaoming among NBA players.在NBA运动员中没有人比姚明更高了。用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)在我们班没有人比Lucy更漂亮了。Nobody is more_beautif
12、ul than Lucy in our class.(2)我彻底同意你的建议。I cant agree more (much) with your suggestion.(3)再也没有什么比你保持健康更珍贵的了。Nothing_is_more_precious_than_you_keep_fit3He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(p.10)他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚。have sb.doing意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“使某人做某事”时，多用于肯定句中。I cant ha
13、ve you speaking to me like this.我不允许你这样对我讲话。用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)我不许你故意触犯法律。I_cant_have_you_breaking_the_law_on_purpose.(2)这个老板叫他们一天工作十个小时。The_boss_had_them_working_ten_hours_a_day.用上述句型翻译下列小片段。我吃惊地站在门边，看着汤姆对妈妈大喊大叫。说真的，我从未见过比他更粗鲁的孩子了。我想我不能允许他对妈妈那样说话，我必须给他一个教训。Seeing_Tom_shouting_at_his_mother，I_stood_by_t
14、he_door_surprised.To_be_honest，I_had_never_seen_a_ruder_boy_than_Tom.I_thought_I_wouldnt_have_him_talking_to_his_mother_like_that_and_I_must_teach_him_a_lesson. 阅读理解解题技巧在阅读语篇中我们常常遇到一些代词，如：it，they，that，this，which，as，so等，其中it，that，this等代词在语篇中出现的频率较高，它们不仅能起指代作用，用来代替上下文涉及的人、事或物，同时还能起到承上启下，体现语篇中各个句子之间的衔接
15、关系。代词一般是“回指”前面提到过的某一事物或内容。如：Our curtains look dirty. They need a good wash.(They回指our curtains)但有时也“预指”后面出现的某一事物或内容。如：I shall say this to you：he is an honest man.(this预指冒号后面的he is an honest man)高考的阅读理解题中有关代词的指代关系的考查，主要有两类：1直接要求考生指出代词所指的具体内容。【例】However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a go
16、al and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that,_in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10，000 hours studying and practicing.In this Paragraph, the underlined word “that” refers to_Abeing good at somethingBsetting a practical goalCputting in more
17、 timeDsucceeding in life解析：that是回指前句中的“set a goal and then gradually make it more practical”。答案： B2间接考查考生对代词指代内容的把握。因为代词在上下文或上下句中起语义的衔接作用，在解答某些细节题时，如果不弄清代词的指代内容，就很难选出正确的答案。解题时，考生需要利用代词的回指或预指来理清上下句的衔接关系，从而找到问题的答案。【例】 It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet
18、 to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the grins and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse.When did Lisa become conscious again?AWhen the train was leaving.BAf
19、ter she was back on the platform.CAfter the police and fire officials came.DWhen a man was cleaning the blood from her head.解析：解答本题的关键是理解“That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness(那就是丽莎苏醒的地方)”中的that。结合前句，不难看出that是回指the platform。答案：B阅读下列文段节选，从每题所给的A，B，C和D项中，选出最佳选项。1Valderzak had adjusted to
20、his hearing loss with the help of a special microphone and a crash lesson in lipreading. But that meant he could only talk to one person at a time. But now he can talk to all four of his kids again.The underlined word “that” refers to “_”Ahearing lossBusing a special microphoneClipreadingDattending
21、a course on lip reading解析：结合that所在句的句意及上下文意义的衔接，可知that是回指lipreading。答案：C2Too many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want
22、your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous and be understanding.Some friendships dont last long because_Athere are too many people who want to make friendsBsome people receive friendship but dont give friendship backCthose who give other
23、s friendship receive friendship from othersDthey dont know friendship is something serious解析：由句中的“That is why some.”中的that可知是回指上一句的内容。答案：B3In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animals. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings ou
24、t the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.What does the underlined “it” refer to?APeople offer their help.BThey receive others help.CThey feel others kindness.DTh
25、ey show their weakness.解析：it回指上文的kindness。答案：C第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。(2014课标全国卷)As more and more people speak the global languages of English，Chinese，Spanish，and Arabic，other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact，half of the 6，0007，000 languages spoken around the world today will
26、likely die out by the next century，according to the United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)In an effort to prevent language loss，scholars from a number of organizationsUNESCO and National Geographic among themhave for many years been documenting dying languages and th
27、e cultures they reflect.Mark Turin，a scientist at the Macmillan Center，Yale University，who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas，is following in that_traditionHis recently published book，A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their C
28、ulture，grows out of his experience living，working，and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin，who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India，Nepal，Bhutan，and China.But he is
29、 not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materialsincluding photographs，films，tape recordings， and field noteswhich had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now，th
30、rough the two organizations that he has foundedthe Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature ProjectTurin has started a campaign to make such documents，found in libraries and stores around the world，available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom t
31、he materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet，Turin notes，the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.1Many scholars are making efforts to_Apromote global languagesBrescue disappearing languagesCsearch for lang
32、uage communitiesDset up language research organizations2What does“that tradition”in Paragraph 3 refer to?AHaving full records of the languages.BWriting books on language teaching.CTelling stories about language users.DLiving with the native speakers.3What is Turins book based on?AThe cultural studie
33、s in India.BThe documents available at Yale.CHis language research in Bhutan.DHis personal experience in Nepal.4Which of the following best describes Turins work?AWrite，sell and donate.BRecord，repair and reward.CCollect，protect and reconnect.DDesign，experiment and report.语篇解读：本文是说明文，题材为社会文化类。世界上很多语言
34、在慢慢消失，为了拯救这些使用人数少的语言很多学者开始了营救工程。本文介绍了一位正在为之奋斗的学者，他到底为此在做着什么呢？1解析：事实细节题。根据第二段第一句中“In an effort to prevent language loss，scholars.documenting dying languages.”可知答案为B项。答案：B2解析：猜测词义题。根据第二段最后的“documenting dying languages”可以推断出Mark Turin教授也加入到了拯救正在消失的语言行列中，他想把这些语言全部记录下来，所以答案为A项。答案：A3解析：事实细节题。根据第三段最后一句话中的“
35、.grows out of his experience living，working，and raising a family in a village in Nepal.”可知Turin的这本书是以自己在尼泊尔一个村庄的生活经历为基础写出来的，所以答案为D项。答案：D4解析：事实细节题。根据最后一段的“from whom the materials were originally collected”和“the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities”可知答案为C项。答案：C第二节七
36、选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often：ability，money and time._1_Money is a topic Ill save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the
37、 time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right mater
38、ials already？_2_2Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？_3_It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3_4_This may surprise
39、you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your sch
40、edule.Hopefully that gives you a good start._5_ And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!ATry new things.BAbility is easily improved.CMake three or four instead.DUnderstand your food better.ECooking is a burden for many people.FLet cookin
41、g and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.GA little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.语篇解读：本文体裁为说明文。主要介绍了在忙碌的生活中怎样享受烹调的乐趣的几条具体建议，如提前做好规划、一次多做点以及尝试一些新鲜的做法等。1解析：空格前面提到了三个原因：ability，money，time。空格后面提到了money是作者改天再讨论的话题，紧接着后面提到了怎样充分利用时间，所以这里应该与ability有关。答案：B2解析：本段的主题句(Think ahead
42、)就是提前规划，并且本段的最后三句都是强调提前进行规划有助于省去将来的大量劳动。答案：G3解析：结合本段的主题句(Make your time worth it)可知，要充分利用你的时间，再根据空格前面的one可知，既然做一个也是做，为什么不多做点儿，以备将来之用呢？答案：C4解析：此空需要填一个主题句，它需要概括全段的内容。结合空格后面的信息词surprise，experimentation，new ideas等可知与A项“尝试新东西”信息一致。答案：A5解析：结合最后一段内容可知，此处与F项的信息，即“让做饭和简单生活成为一种享受，而不是一种负担”一致。答案：F第三节完形填空阅读下面的短文
43、，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。(2015陕西卷)Dad had a green comb.He bought it when he married Mum.Every night，he would hand me his _1_ and say，“Good girl，help Daddy clean it，OK？”I was _2_ to do it.At age five，this dull task brought me such _3_I would excitedly turn the tap _4_ and brush the comb care
44、fully.Satisfied that Id done a good job，I would happily return the comb to Dad.He would _5_ affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.Two years later，Dad started his own _6_，which wasnt doing so well.That was when things started to _7_.Dad didnt come home as early and as much as he used
45、to.Mum and I became _8_ with him for placing our family in trouble.With _9_，an uncomfortable silence grew between us.After my graduation，Dads business was getting back on track.On my 28th birthday，Dad came home _10_As usual，I helped him carry his bags into his study.When I turned to leave，he said，“H
46、ey，would you help me _11_ my comb？”I looked at him a while，then _12_ the comb and headed to the sink.It hit me then：why，as a child，_13_ Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure.That routine(习惯)meant Dad was home early to _14_ the evening with Mum and me.It _15_ a happy and loving family.I passed the c
47、lean comb back to Dad.He smiled at me and _16_ placed his comb on his wallet.But this time，I noticed something _17_Dad had aged.He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled，_18_his smile was still as _19_ as before，the smile of a father who just wanted a good _20_ for his family.1A.bagBwalletCcom
48、b Dbrush2A.annoyed BrelievedCashamed Dpleased3A.joy BsadnessCcourage Dpain4A.out BoverCin Don5A.stare BsmileCshout Dlaugh6A.family BbusinessCtask Djourney7A.progress BchangeCimprove Dform8A.satisfied BdelightedCmad Dstrict9A.time BpatienceCspeed Dease10A.occasionally BearlyCfrequently Drarely11A.sha
49、rpen BrepairCclean Dkeep12A.dropped BtookChanded Dthrew13A.watching BlettingChelping Dhearing14A.find BloseCwaste Dspend15A.affected BbrokeCmeant Dsupported16A.firmly BhurriedlyCcasually Dcarefully17A.different BexcitingCinteresting Durgent18A.for BorCso Dyet19A.convincing BheartwarmingCcautious Din
50、nocent20A.origin BlifeCreputation Deducation语篇解读：本文为记叙文，题材为生活哲理类。父亲几十年来一直保留着和母亲结婚时买的梳子，小时候作者非常乐意天天帮助父亲清洗梳子。这把梳子寄托着父亲对家人的爱。1解析：全文讲的就是comb“梳子”的故事。答案：C2解析：由下文的excitedly可以看出作者乐意做这件事情。答案：D3解析：由下文的such a pleasure可知。答案：A4解析：turn the tap on意为“打开水龙头”。答案：D5解析：由文章最后一段第二句中的“smiled at me”可知答案。答案：B6解析：由第四段第一句可知父亲
51、开始了他自己的生意。答案：B7解析：根据上下文可知，家庭生活发生了一些改变。答案：B8解析：根据下文“placing our family in trouble”可知，作者和母亲很生气。答案：C9解析：此处表示“随着时间的流逝”。答案：A10解析：根据后文可以看出，这次父亲回家早。A：偶尔；B：提早；C：频繁地；D：极少。答案：B11解析：根据文章第一段最后一句可知答案。答案：C12解析：根据上下文可知，作者拿着梳子去清洗了。答案：B13解析：由文章第一段最后一句可知答案。答案：C14解析：spend the evening with Mum and me晚上陪我和妈妈。答案：D15解析：这意
52、味着一个幸福而充满着爱的家庭。答案：C16解析：句意：他微笑地看着我，小心地把梳子放进他的钱包里。由句意可知选D。答案：D17解析：作者注意到一些不一样的地方。答案：A18解析：不管有多少皱纹，父亲的微笑仍然是暖人心的。yet在此处作连词，表示“然而，但是”。答案：D19解析：根据上下文及语境可知选B。A：令人信服的；B：暖人心的；C：小心的；D：无辜的。答案：B20解析：父亲想为我们创造幸福的生活。A：源头；B：生活；C：声誉；D：教育。答案：B第四节语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning，I was waiting at
53、 the bus stop，worried about 1._(be)late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，2._some of them looked very anxious and 3._(disappoint)When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next 4._the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 5._(catch)
54、my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused 6._(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept 7._(ride)He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the bo
55、y ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，8.“_anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh，dear！Its 9._(I)”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about wh
56、at the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers 10._(sudden) became friendly to one another.语篇解读：本文体裁为记叙文。题材是人物故事类。作者叙述了一名男孩骑车追还失主手提箱的故事。1解析：考查非谓语动词。前面是介词about，故用ving形式。答案：being2解析：考查连词。结合前后句可知，此处是并列关系。答案：and3解析：考查词性转换。根据上文的“anxious and”可知，此处应填形容词。答案：disappointed4解析：考查固定搭配。next to“挨着”。答案：to5解析：考查时态。结
57、合上下文的时态，全文以一般过去时为主。答案：caught6解析：考查动词不定式。refuse后接动词作宾语时，要用其不定式形式，即refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。答案：to stop7解析：考查动名词。keep doing sth.“继续做某事”。答案：riding8解析：考查助动词。此处应用一般过去时。答案：Did9解析：考查人称代词或名词性物主代词。此处可用宾格me和名词性物主代词mine，表示“那是我的手提箱”。答案：me/mine10解析：考查词性转换。此处应用sudden的副词形式来修饰动词。答案：suddenly第五节书面表达假如你是李华，你的英国朋友John近期
58、将来中国参加短期语言培训。食宿被安排在你市远大路的塔楼酒店。他来信询问酒店的相关信息，请你根据以下图示和信息给他写一封回信。要点如下：图示信息住宿费用：每人每天200元餐厅供餐时间：7：30 am.9：00 am.5：30 pm.8：00 pm.注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3语言通顺，行文连贯，可适当发挥。Dear John，Im very glad to hear that you will come to my city for shortterm language training._ _Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear John，Im_very_g
59、lad_to_hear_that_you_will_come_to_my_city_for_shortterm_language_training.In your letter，you asked me something about the Tower Hotel.Now Id like to tell you some detailed information about it.The Tower Hotel is located on Yuanda Road.Go through the gate of the entrance，and you will see the high bui
60、ldingthe Tower Hotel，in front of which lies a beautiful garden.Behind the building is a swimming pool，where you can go swimming for relaxing.Near the swimming pool stands a dinning hall，and there meals are served from 7：30 am.to 9：00 am.and between 5：30 pm. and 8：00 pm.Last but not least，as to accommodation fees，everyone should pay 200 yuan per day.If you need further information，please enquire at the reception desk on the ground floor when you arrive here.Im looking forward to seeing you soon.Yours，Li_Hua