1、Section Grammar现在完成时语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Its been six years since we last saw each other, you know.2.And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown.3.You know, Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities, but this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to.4.The
2、yve put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.5.Up to now, Ive understood everything the teachers said.1.由例句可知，现在完成时的构成：has/have过去分词。2.由例句可知，现在完成时可与since引导时间状语从句连用。3.由例句可知，现在完成时可与时间状语recently, up to now等连用。4.由例句可知，have/has been to表示“曾经去过”；have/has gone to 表示“已经去了某地，去而未归”。一、现在完成时的用法1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的
3、影响或结果。常与recently, before, lately, just, already, yet, so far, up to now, till now, in the past/last years, these days等时间状语连用。The Browns have visited a lot of places in China so far.迄今为止， 布朗一家已经游览了中国的许多地方。He has been there three times in the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。2表示动作或状态过去已经开始， 持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去
4、)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用如： for一段时间， since过去时间点， since then, ever since, up to now, so far等。Mr.Wang has worked in this factory since he came to this city.自从来到这个城市， 王先生一直在这家工厂工作。Prices have fallen sharply over the past six months.在过去的六个月里， 价格急剧下降。3在时间、 条件状语从句中可用现在完成时表将来。Dont get off the bus until it has stop
5、ped.直到公交车停下才能下车。As long as you have cleaned all the windows, you are allowed to play.只要你把所有的窗户擦完， 你就可以玩了。名师点津在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come, go, leave, borrow, buy, die, join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。I have bought a new car for two weeks.()I have had a new car for two week
6、s.()我买了这辆新车已经两周了。即时演练1完成句子我们从很小就是好朋友。We have been friends since we were very young.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。We havent decided when to discuss the problem again.他在这个城市住了三年了，并且交了许多新朋友。He has lived in the city for three years, and he has made a lot of new friends二、现在完成时的常用句型1It is/has been一段时间since一般过去时，表示“自从
7、以来多久了” It is/has been 3 years since I published my first book.自从我出版第一本书以来已经三年了。It is/has been three years since he smoked.他戒烟已有三年了。2This/It is the first/second.time (that)现在完成时，表示“这是某人第一/二次做某事”It is the first time that Tom has visited China.这是汤姆第一次访问中国。3在“This is the形容词最高级名词that从句”结构中， that从句要用现在完成时
8、态。This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。名师点津现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 落脚点是现在，不与表示过去某一具体的时间状语连用， 如yesterday, last时间名词， 时间名词ago等。2一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态， 与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用， 如 yesterday, last year, in the past, ago等。He has lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住了四年了。
9、(可能刚搬走， 也可能继续住下去)He lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住过四年。(现在已经不在那里住了)即时演练2单句语法填空It has been a long time since I heard(hear) from him last time.It is the second time that he has joined(join) in the discussion about how to deal with the problem.This is the most interesting party that I have enjoye
10、d(enjoy).单句语法填空1Mr Li is not at home.He has gone (go) to Shanghai.2This is the second time that I have been(be) in London.3Its ten years since I left (leave) my hometown, but it is still in my mind.4It seems to me that I have met (meet) this man somewhere before.5In the last few years, China has mad
11、e (make) great achievements in environmental protection.6He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all, he had had (have) it for a very long time.7I have read (read) half of the novel, and I will try to finish it at the weekend.8Robert is my neighbour.He has lived (live) next door to me for five years.9Im calling about the apartment you advertised (advertise) the other day.Could you tell me more about it?10If we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized (memorize) so far, we are not really learning the language.