1、新知识预习探索基础练习.重点单词1burst vi.爆裂，爆发2ruin n废墟 vt.毁坏3shelter n避难所；躲避处4disaster n灾难，灾害5event n大事，事件6rescue vt./n.援救，营救7trap vt.围困8bury vi.埋葬9track n轨迹10title n标题，头衔11extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.极其12use n用处useless adj.无用的useful adj.有用的13shock v震惊shocked adj.震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的14destroy vt.破坏destruction n
2、破坏15injure vt.受伤，伤害injury n伤害.重点短语1right away 立刻；马上2think little of.对评价不高；不把当回事3as usual 和往常一样4at an end 结束；终结5cut across 穿过；贯穿；抄近路6in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪7blow.away 把刮走8be trapped in.被困在之下9dig out 掘出；发现10a(great)number of 许多；大量的.重点句型1In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were toonervous to eat
3、.信息提取 too.to.结构，意为：太而不能。仿写 她太矮了而不能够到架子上的书。She is too_short_to_reach the book on the shelf.2Mice ran out of the fields looking_for_places_to_hide.信息提取 looking for places to hide 为现在分词短语作状语，此处表伴随。仿写 他们在那儿站了半个小时，观察着天上的星星。They stood there for half an hour watching_the_stars_in_the_sky.3It_seemed_as_if t
4、he world was at an end!信息提取 It seemed as if.句型。仿写 看来我们队好像要赢了。It_seems_as_if our team is going to win.4All hope was not lost.信息提取 该句为部分否定句。仿写 这儿的所有人并非都友好。All_people_here_are_not_friendly.语篇领悟.Read the passage and choose the best answers.1How many signs are given that suggest an earthquake would happe
5、n in the first paragraph?AEight.BNine.CSix.DTen.2Which of the following can also be used as a title of the text?ATangshan EarthquakeBThe World at an EndCHow to Prevent an EarthquakeDNew Tangshan3The second and third paragraph are mainly about _.Athe great loss the earthquake brought to TangshanBthe
6、number of people who were killed or injuredCwhen and where an earthquake happenedDthe cause of the big earthquake in Tangshan4What does the last sentence“Slowly,the city began to breathe again.”mean?AThe trees turned green.BThe city returned to normal gradually.CThe animals began to breathe.DPeople
7、who were trapped came to life.5What is the mood of this passage?AInspiring.BExciting.CSad and serious.DCalm.答案：1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C.Fill in the blanks according to the text.At about 3：00 am.on July 28,1976,people in Tangshan,Hebei Province,woke up and saw bright lights in the sky.They didnt pay much
8、attention and went back to bed as _1_ that night.At 3：42 am.everything began to shake.Eleven kilometers _2_(direct)below the city the _3_(great)earthquake of the 20th century began.It was heard in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometers _4_.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay _5_
9、ruins.Twothirds of the people died or were _6_(injure)during the earthquake.The survivors couldnt believe it was natural.Nearly _7_ was destroyed.Most of the buildings were gone and many farm animals died.Then later that afternoon,_8_ big quake shook Tangshan.Some rescue workers and doctors _9_(trap
10、)under the ruins.All hope was lost.The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Slowly,the city began _10_(breathe)again.答案：1.usual 2.directly 3.greatest 4.away 5.in6injured 7.everything 8.another 9.were trapped10to breathe新课堂互动探究重点单词1.burst v(burst,burst)(1
11、)vi.爆裂；爆发That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more.你再给那气球充气，它就要爆了。The disease burst after they drunk the water.他们喝过这水后疾病就爆发了。(2)vi.&vt.突然起来，使突然起来burst into tearsburst out crying 突然哭起来burst into laughterburst out laughing突然笑起来She burst into laughter.She burst out laughing.她突然大笑起来。Hearing the
12、 news that his son died in the earthquake,he burst out crying.听到他儿子在地震中死亡的消息，他突然大哭起来。【即境活用】单句改错He burst into without knocking at the door._答案：intoin2.ruin(1)n.毁灭；废墟(常用复数)come/go to ruin毁灭；落空in ruins严重破坏，破败不堪bring sth.to ruin使毁灭，使落空fall into ruin成为废墟Yushu lay/was in ruins after the earthquake.地震后玉树成了
13、一片废墟。A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.地震后许多建筑都毁了。(2)vt.毁灭，使破产He was ruined completely.他彻底破产了。【词语比较】destroy,ruin,damage易混词意义区别destroy指彻底毁坏，以致不能修复。ruin毁坏，比 destroy 程度轻，还常指美好的希望或希望中的美好事物的破坏。damage 表示损害，损坏，程度较轻，可修复。【即境活用】选词填空(destroy/ruin/damage)(1)The fire _ the whole bui
14、lding.大火烧毁了整栋大楼。(2)The rain _ my holiday.这场雨毁了我的假期。(3)My car was _ by scratches.我的汽车刮伤了。答案：(1)destroyed(2)ruined(3)damaged3.injure vt.损害，伤害，使受伤He was badly injured in the accident.他在那次意外事故中受了重伤。The earthquake killed 200 people and injured 3,000.这次地震致使 200 人死亡，300 人受伤。【归纳拓展】the injured伤员，受伤者作主语时当复数用T
15、he injured were sent to hospital right away.伤员被立即送往医院。【词语比较】injure,harm,wound 与 hurt易混词意义区别injure多指伤害身体、机能等，尤指在事故中受伤。harm常用于口语，表示“对有害；伤害”。wound指在战斗、攻击等中受伤。hurthurt 指肉体上的“疼，痛”或精神、心灵上的“伤害”。She was injured in the car accident.她在一起车祸中受了伤。Smoking harms your health.吸烟有害健康。He got wounded in the battle.他在战斗
16、中受了伤。He didnt want to hurt her feelings.他本不想伤害她的感情。【即境活用】用 injure,hurt,wound,harm 的正确形式填空(1)It _ when I move my leg.(2)The number of people who were _ in the accident is fourteen.(3)The soldier was _ in the arm in the battle.(4)As we all know,smoking does great _ to your health.答案：(1)hurts(2)injured
17、(3)wounded(4)harm4.shock(1)vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动His death shocked me.他的死亡让我很震惊。(2)n.休克He died of shock.他因休克而死。(3)n.打击，震惊His death was a great shock to us all.他的死使我们大家都大为震惊。【归纳拓展】to ones shock使震惊的是a shock to.使吃惊shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的be shocked to do sth.做某事很震惊be shocked at.对感到震惊【特别提醒】shocked a
18、dj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和感受；shocking adj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。【即境活用】用 shock 的适当形式填空(1)The big Haiti Earthquake _ the world.(2)His sudden death was a great _ to his family.(3)He was very much _ at the news.(4)The news is so _ that everyone was very much _ at it.答案：(1)shocked(2)shock(3)shocked(4)shocking
19、;shocked5.rescue n.&vt.营救；援救a rescue team营救队come to ones rescue营救某人rescue sb.from.把某人从解救出来Hold on and well come to your rescue soon.挺住，我们马上就来营救你。The whole family were rescued from the fire.全家都已从大火中被营救出来。【即境活用】完成句子(1)他从大火中把那个女孩救了出来。He _ the girl _ the big fire.(2)当我们处于困境的时候，他们来营救我们。They _ when we wer
20、e in danger.答案：(1)rescued;from(2)came to our rescue6.trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 nC陷阱；困境trap sb.intodoing.诱使某人做be trapped in.困在中，陷在中set a trap/traps设陷阱They were trapped in the burning building.他们被困在着火的大楼里。He trapped me into believing him.他诱使我相信他的话。The deer was caught in our trap.那只鹿落入了我们的陷阱。【即境活用】用动词的正确形式填空
21、_(trap)in the mine,the workers were in despair.答案：Trapped7.bury vt.埋葬，掩埋，隐藏 bury sth.in.把埋到里bury ones face in hands双手掩面be buried inbury oneself in 埋头于，专心于，沉浸于be buried alive被活埋Since his wife left,he has buried himself in his work.自从妻子离开以来，他一直都埋头于工作。She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。【即境
22、活用】用动词的正确形式填空(1)_(bury)himself in the newspaper,he didnt notice what was happening.(2)_(bury)in the newspaper,he didnt.解析：(1)bury oneself inbe buried in 埋头于；专心于。此处为现在分词作状语。句意：他埋头于读报，没有注意到发生的事情。答案：(1)Burying(2)Buried8.shelter nC庇护所；避难所；遮蔽物 nU庇护；掩蔽 vt.提供庇护We tried to fix up a shelter from the rain.我们设
23、法搭起一个躲雨的地方。Many of the children in the shelter are orphans.收容所里有好多孩子是孤儿。Human beings need clothing,food and shelter.人类有衣、食、住的需求。He stood under a big tree to take shelter from rain.他站在一棵大树下避雨。【即境活用】语法填空Perhaps I _(shelter)my daughter too much.解析：句意：也许我对女儿保护过度了。由句意可知，用一般现在时。答案：shelter9.suffering n苦难；痛
24、苦The suffering of the people caused by the war cannot be paid back for by money.战争给人民带来的痛苦不是金钱可以补偿的。【归纳拓展】【即境活用】语法填空The extreme pain in his headache caused _(suffer)which almost made him mad.答案：suffering重点短语1.right away 立刻；马上Ill return the book to you right away.我会马上把书还给你的。I must go to school right
25、away.我必须马上就去学校。He is ill;you should call in a doctor right away.他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。【归纳拓展】【即境活用】语法填空Come here _(immediate)after you finish your work.答案：immediately2.think little of 对不屑一顾；对评价不高；不重视Dont think little of others.不要轻视别人。【归纳拓展】think much/highly/well of对高度评价think nothing of把看得很平常speak highly/well
26、 of对高度赞扬sing high praise for对高度赞扬【即境活用】完成句子(1)The manager who _(think highly of)treats his workers considerately.(2)The manager is _(被 高 度 评 价)by workers.解析：(1)考查学生对句子结构的分析。答案：(1)is highly thought of(2)highly thought of3.as if 仿佛；好像It looks as if a storm would come soon.一场暴风雨似乎很快就要来了。【归纳拓展】as if 的用法
27、：(1)as if 引导从句。在 look,seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队好像要获胜了。(2)as if 还可用于省略句中。如果 as if 引导的从句是“主语系动词其他”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样 as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词等。Tom raised his hand as if(he was going)to say something.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。She left the room hurriedly as if(she was)very a
28、ngry.她匆忙离开房间好像很生气。【特别提醒】as if 从句的语气及时态。(1)as if 从句用直陈语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。He talks as if he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。(2)as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气中动词时态的形式如下：从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。He talks as if
29、he knew where she was.他说话的样子好像知道她在哪里似的。从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那儿似的。【即境活用】完成句子It looks as if a pencil _(be)broken if it is partly put into water.解析：此题考查 as if 之后加虚拟语气，be 动词要用 were 的形式。答案：were4.at an end 结束；终结The hot days are finally
30、at an end.火热的天气终于结束了。The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了。【词语比较】at an end,in the end,at the end ofat an end指“结束；终结”，在句中作表语。in the end 指“最终；终于”，在句中作状语。at the end of指“在结束时，在末端”，后可跟表示时间或是地点的名词，在句中作时间状语或地点状语。【归纳拓展】【即境活用】选词填空(at an end/at the end of/by the end of/in the end)(1)How many English words had
31、 you learned _ last term?(2)He became an outstanding doctor _.(3)My uncle will fly to China _ this year.(4)My holiday is _ and I must go back to work soon.答案：(1)by the end of(2)in the end(3)at the end of(4)at an end5.dig out 掘出；发现(dug,dug)They dug out an old vase.他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。I tried to dig out the tr
32、uth.我设法探出真相。【即境活用】语法填空He _(dig out)some old coins in the ground.答案：dug out6.tens of thousands of/hundreds of thousands of 数以万计的Tens of thousands of people were watching the game in the stadium when it began to rain.数以万计的人正在体育馆看比赛，这时天突然下起雨来。【归纳拓展】【记忆联想】hundreds of 数以百计的thousands of 数以千计的dozens of 许多；
33、大量scores of 许多；大量millions of 数以百万计的hundreds and hundreds of 成百上千的hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的【即境活用】完成句子成千上万的优秀儿女为中国人民的解放献出了生命。_ excellent sons and daughters died for the liberation of the Chinese People.答案：Hundreds of thousands of经典句型1.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervo
34、us to eat.农家大院里的那些鸡，甚至那些猪都紧张得不吃食。too.to.意为“太而不能”，表示否定意义。He is too young to go there on his own.他年纪太小，不能独自一人去那里。【特别提醒】(1)too.to.结构与 not 或 never 连用时，不定式为肯定意义。not/never too.to.，意为“无论也不过分；太而不会不”。(2)too 后面跟表示心情、态度的形容词，如 anxious,eager,glad,pleased,ready,willing 等时，表示肯定意义，相当于 very。Its never too late to stu
35、dy.活到老学到老。Mr.Wang was too ready to help others.王先生非常乐于助人。He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做这份工作。【即境活用】完成句子You _(怎么注意也不过分)to your handwriting,as it is so important.解析：cant.to.无论也不过分。答案：cant pay too much attention2.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从地里跑出来找地方躲。Seeing those pi
36、ctures,she remembered her childhood.看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。Not knowing his address,I cant send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。【即境活用】语法填空He had a wonderful childhood,_(travel)with his mother to all corners of the world.解析：句意：他度过了一个美好的童年，和妈妈游遍了世界各地。现在分词在句中作伴随状语。答案：traveling3.All hope was not lost.不是所有的
37、希望都破灭了。All the students could not understand it.并不是所有的学生都能懂得这个。Everyone doesnt like the film.并非每个人都喜欢这部电影。Both of the boys arent good at English.两个男孩并非都擅长英语。【特别提醒】(1)否定词 not 也可置于句首。(2)no,none,neither,nothing,nobody,never 等表示完全否定。Not all the students can pass the examination.并不是所有的学生都能通过这次考试。None of
38、the students could solve the problem.所有这些学生都不能解答这道题。Neither of the boys is good at English.两个男孩都不擅长英语。【即境活用】完成句子Which of the two computers did you prefer?Actually I didnt like _.(并非都喜欢)答案：both of them新思维随堂自测.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1He has been _(bury)in the novel for 3 hours.2Both men were _(trap)inside the b
39、urning car.3Many people were killed or _(injure)during the earthquake.4After the war,the city lay in _(ruin)5We knew Bob had cancer,but the news of his death still came as a _(震惊的事)6You may _(爆炸)the balloon if you are not careful.7These bushes grow well in the _(掩蔽)of big oak trees.8Two churches wer
40、e _(毁掉)by fire last night in northeast Mississippi.9In those days my village had no _(电)答案：1.buried 2.trapped 3.injured 4.ruins 5shock 6.burst 7.shelter 8.destroyed 9.electricity.选词填空as if；at an end；in ruins；dig out；a great number of1We have missed the bus.It looks _ we will have to walk.2Years of f
41、ighting left the village _.3He was buried under the snow falling from the mountain and had to be _.4Hearing the bad news,she felt the world was _.5I have _ friends all over the world.答案：1.as if 2.in ruins 3.dug out 4.at an end 5a great number of.仿写句子1In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs w
42、ere toonervous to eat.仿写 那时他太年轻不能理解父亲的话。_2Mice ran out of the fields looking_for places to hide.仿写 年轻人跟在老人后面开始慢慢走着。_3It seemed as_if the world was at an end.仿写 她对我就像对个小孩儿似的。_4All hope was not lost.仿写 不是所有的学生都明白他说的话。_答案：1He was too young to understand what his father said then.2Following the old man,the young people started walking slowly.3She treats me as if I were a child.4All the students could not understand what he said.或：Not all the students could understand what he said.