1、Unit 1The world of our senses1. 凸起的raised2. 点，小圆点dot3. 4. (公交车)售票员；(乐队)指挥conductor5. 车费fare6. 雾fog有雾的foggy7. 8. 长大衣overcoat9. 脚步(声)footstep台阶；迈步；脚步声；步骤；行走step10. 无论哪里wherever11. 狭窄的；勉强的narrow12. 靠近，接近；着手处理；方法approach13. 抓紧，抓牢；掌握，领会grasp14. 牢牢地，坚定地firmly15. 卡车lorry16. (马路边的)人行道pavement17. (吸着气)嗅，闻sni
2、ff18. 分析analyse(n.) analysis19. 20. 忽视；对不予理会ignore21. 流汗；汗水sweat22. 雷，雷声thunder23. 闪电lightning24. 三角形；三角形物体triangle25. 在头上方overhead26. 27. 28. 抱有希望的hopeful(adv.) hopefully29. 咬bite (bitbitten)30. (动物或人的)肉flesh31. 吸引attract吸引力attraction有吸引力的attractive32. 33. 拳头fist34. 35. 士兵soldier36. 使用；雇佣employ雇主em
3、ployer雇员employee就业employment失业unemployment37. 罗盘；指南针compass38. 不像；与不同unlike1. 2. 令人迷惑的说明confusing instructions对感到迷惑的be confused about/over混乱，混淆confusion3. 天气预报a weather forecast4. 扫视glance attake a glance at乍看一下at a glance愤怒地看glare at盯着看stare at抬头凝视stare up at5. 哪儿也看不到nowhere to be seen哪儿也找不到nowhere
4、 to be found远没有，远不及nowhere nearnot nearlyfar from6. 看得到，在视力范围之内in sight看不到out of sight看得到catch sight of看不见lose sight of7. 盼望，期盼wish for8. 在黑暗处in the darkness9. 对(做)某事犹豫不决hesitate about/over/at (doing) sth.不要迟疑做Dont hesitate to do毫不犹豫without hesitation10. (手)伸出；伸出(手)reach out将手伸进去reach into11. 留意，留心，
5、密切注意watch out for12. 留胡子grow/wear a beard13. 处在(人生)重大的转折点stand at a crossroads14. 担心be anxious aboutfeel anxiety about渴望be anxious for sth./be anxious to do sth.15. 因感激某人be grateful to sb. for sth.16. 对某人进行急救do/give/offer first aid to sb.来帮助某人come to ones aid去帮助某人go to ones aid在帮助下with the aid of.帮助
6、某人做某事aid sb. with sth./to do sth.17.使某人(十分)宽慰的是(much)to ones relief.to ones (great) relief.宽慰地in relief救济食品relief food减轻某人的压力relieve/reduce/ease ones pressurerelieve sb. of pressure18. 被减少到be reduced to被减少了be reduced by被沦落到be reduced to sth./doing sth.19. 志愿做某事volunteer to do sth.担任志愿者work as a volu
7、nteer做志愿者工作do voluntary work20. 北极the North Pole21. 一双靴子a pair of boots22. 在远处in the distance隔一段距离at a distance23. 向某人挥手道别wave sb. goodbye波浪wave24.被附在上；喜爱be attached to sth./sb.重视attach importance to sth.25. 残疾人people with disabilitiesdisabled peoplethe disabled26. 向某人低声说某事whisper sth. to sb.低声地，悄声地
8、in a whisperin whispers27. 恰恰相反on the contrary与相反be contrary to.28. 一件珠宝a piece of jewellerya jewel29. 在惊慌中in a panic陷入恐慌get into a panicv. 惊慌panic(panickedpanicked)30. 卷起来roll up31. 变松come loose松开；释放；放开let/set. loose1. 实际情况是雾太大了，公交车去不了那么远。The truth is that the fog is_too_thick_for_the_bus_to_run_th
9、at_far2. 她现在想到的是跑开，只是由于恐惧她站在那里一动也不能动。Now she wanted to run，but fear_held_her_still3. 她能感觉到她的心在跳动。She could feel her heart beating4.把你的手指刺进鲨鱼的眼睛。Stick your finger in the sharks eye.5.不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为人类被闪电击中的几率要比被鲨鱼攻击的几率大30倍。Dont be frightened by sharks as there_is_30_times_greater_chance_of being hit by lig
10、htning than being attacked by a shark.6. 鸽子体内似乎有一只罗盘，告诉它们何处是北。Pigeons_appear_to_have_a compass inside them that tells them which way is north.用所给提示翻译下列句子：1. 他苏醒过来时，发现自己躺在医院里。(find)_2. 她出了交通事故，被困在车里。幸运的是有两个过路人向她伸出了援手。(aid)_3. 正好与人们认为的相反，沙漠也可以成为美丽的地方。(contrary)_4. 她非常感激她的老师们，他们给了她很多关心和鼓励。(grateful)_5.
11、 他把他的狗松开了，现在哪儿也找不着它。(nowhere)_【答案】1. When he came to，he found himself in hospital.2. She had an accident and was trapped in her car. Luckily two passersby came to her aid.3. Contrary to what people assume，the desert can be a beautiful place.4. She was very grateful to her teachers，who gave her much
12、care and encouragement.5. He let/set his dog loose；now it is nowhere to be found/seen. sign，signal，mark，symbol sign用作名词，指具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号或标志，它可以表示实物、表情、动作、文字、语言及任何痕迹或征兆；sign用作动词，意为“签署，示意”；signal意为“信号，暗号；导火线”，多侧重于声音或动作的暗示；mark指为某一目的有意作的标记，也指无意留下或自然形成的痕迹；symbol意为“记号，符号，象征”，指被人们选出的物体或图案，用来代表另一事物，作为该事物
13、的象征。用sign，signal，mark和symbol填空：The lion is the _ of courage.A red light is usually a _ of danger.The old man showed no_ of hearing us.I put a _ in the margin to remind me to check the figure.【答案】symbolsignalsignmark observe，watch，notice，see observe，watch，notice，see都是感官动词，后接sb. do或sb. doing或sth. done
14、。observe意为“观察”，表示从不同的角度长时间地看并研究，还可意为“遵守；庆祝(节日等)”；watch表示所看事物的变化、移动和发展，还可意为“留意，提防”；notice意为“看到，注意到，觉察到”，表示偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的事情；see强调结果，意为“看见，看到”。用observe，watch，notice和see的适当形式填空：Did you _ anything unusual?I looked but _ nothing.We _ the departure of the train from the station.They carefully _ the behavio
15、ur of deer.【答案】noticesawwatchedobserved beat，strike，hit，tap beat着重连续性地击打，也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方，还可以意为“心跳”；strike用作及物动词，可意为“打，敲；撞上；突袭；擦；(钟)打点；突然想到；打动；罢工”；hit意为“打中，对准来打”，着重敲打或打击对方某一点；tap一般指轻轻打。用beat，strike和hit的适当形式填空：He was _ black and blue._ the iron while it is hot.The stone _ him on the head.The clock ha
16、s just _ twelve.【答案】beatenStrikehitstruck fit，suit，match fit主要指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合。可构成短语：be fit for a job(胜任工作)；fit in with(和相处融洽/适应)；fit sth. with sth.(安装)；fit可用作名词，如：a nice/perfect fit；suit主要指款式或花色等方面的适合，还可以用来谈论某种安排或情况是否方便；match用作动词，意为“与相配或相称，相匹敌”，还可用作名词，如：a match for.。No matter how much money you poss
17、ess，it cannot _ a healthy body.A. compareB. suitC. defeatD. matchWill Thursday or Friday _ you?Either will _A. fit; beB. fit; OKC. suit; all rightD. suit; do【答案】DD still，calm，silent，quiet 这些形容词均含“平静的，无声无息”之意。still 表示静止不动的，强调静止的状态，用于物理上的安静，指没有运动或动作；calm 既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，不受外界影响和情绪支配；silent
18、 多用于人，指缄默不语或无声无息；quiet 指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。用still，calm和quiet填空：The _ sea gave no hint of the storm that was coming.Please keep_ while I take your photograph.If you are lost in the mountains，stay _ in face of darkness，loneliness，and the unknown.Our school is located in a _ area.【答案】calmstillcalmquiet po
19、ssible，probable，likely 意义上的不同：possible指可能性较小；probable可能性大，意为“很可能”；likely是从外表迹象进行判断，表示有可能发生某事。句型上的不同：It is possible/probable/likelythat从句It is possible for sb. to do sth.Sb./Sth. be likely to do sth.There is a possibility/probability/chancethat 从句用possible，probable和likely填空：It is _，though not _，that
20、he will come tomorrow.He is very _ to give me a ring tonight.【答案】possible；probablelikely the sense of hearing sense既可用作动词，意为“感觉到，察觉到”；又可用作名词，意为“视觉，听觉，感觉，意识；理解力，判断力；意义”。the sense of touch/sight/hearing/smell/taste触/视/听/嗅/味觉a sense of humour/duty/direction幽默感/责任感/方向感in a sensein a way在某种意义上make sense讲
21、得通；有意义make sense of理解；弄懂的意思common sense常识There is no sense/point (in )doing sth.做某事没有意义完成下列句子：His handwriting is poor，I have read his letter many times，still I cant make_(理解) it.The horse _(意识到危险)and stopped.My _(听觉)is not as good as it used to be.【答案】sense ofsensed dangersense of hearing recognize，
22、know，realize recognize指认出或觉察以前接触过的人或物，还可意为“公认为”，名词是recognition；realize指经过理解而完全明白或清楚地意识到。可构成短语：come/grow/get/begin to realize.(渐渐地意识到)；know意为“认识”，也可与from或apart连用，意为“区分”。用recognize，know和realize的适当形式填空：Not having seen him for many years，I didnt _ him at first.At first I did not _ that I was wrong.They
23、are twins and it is almost impossible to _ one from the other.Albert Einstein is universally _ as one of the greatest scientists in the world.【答案】recognizerealizeknowrecognized/known relieve，release relieve意为“减轻；暂时解除(痛苦、负担等)”；release意为“(从束缚中)解放，解脱，释放，使自由；(从义务中)免除，解除”；还意为“发行(唱片、书等)；放映(电影)；发表(新闻等)”。用r
24、elieve和release的适当形式填空：He was _ from prison.The drug _ his toothache.My assistant _ me of all the troubles.The film was _ last month.【答案】releasedrelievesrelievesreleased attach attach意为“系上；贴上；附加(署名、文件等)于；认为有重要性等；使依附；使依恋”。attach sth. to sth.把附在上no conditions attached无附加条件be attached to附属于；依恋attach imp
25、ortance to重视用attach有关的短语完成下列句子：I _ a photo _ my application form.Marion _(依恋家人)and enjoyed making them happy.To be honest，a lot of people _(看重名利)【答案】attached；towas attached to her familyattach importance to fame and wealth Stick your finger in the sharks eye. stick，insist的区别：stick意为“坚持(原则、计划、诺言、决定、意
26、见等)”，stick还意为“刺；粘贴；卡住；伸出”；insist意为“坚持；坚决要求；坚持说；主张”。stick to坚持stick it out拼到底，忍受住stick out伸出be/get stuck in被卡在其中stick with紧靠在旁边，不离；忠于；坚持be/get stuck on.被(问题等)难住insist on doinginsist sb. (should) do执意做用stick和insist的适当形式填空：He _ the pictures into the book.Experts _ steps be taken now to prepare for the
27、future.The theory he _ to turned out correct.【答案】stuckinsiststuck Dont be frightened by sharks as there is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark. 倍数的表达：倍数as形容词/副词as倍数形容词或副词比较级than倍数the/ones名词倍数代词/名词性从句注倍数前也可以用more than，less than修饰。The river is more than tw
28、ice _(长) that one.The output of cars in 2005 is six times _ of 2002.The output of cars in 2005 is six times _ it was in 2002.【答案】as long as/longer than/the length ofthat；whatWhen Polly left home that morning，the city _(笼罩在灰色的雾中). After work，she _(走出进入) the fog and wanted to take her usual bus. But _
29、(雾太大了，公交车去不了那么远). So she took an underground train. While on the train，she_(意识到她被一个高个男人跟踪). How she wished someone to come along to help her，but _(由于恐惧她站在那里一动也不能动). _(使她惊讶的是)，the man _(结果是一位好心的盲人) who wanted to help people in the fog. He thought it gave him a chance _(报答其他人的帮助)So he is a grateful he
30、lper.【答案】was covered in a grey fog；stepped out into；the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far；sensed that she was followed by a tall man；fear held her still；To her surprise；turned out to be a kind blind man；to pay back others helpUnit 2Language1. 词汇vocabulary2. 大陆mainland3. 混合，混合体mixture4. 官方
31、的，正式的official(adv.) officially5. 词组，短语phrase6. 击败，战胜defeat7. 完全的，整个的entire(adv.) entirely8. 仆人servant9. 10. 11. 羊肉mutton12. 上层社会的highclass13. 过程；加工，处理process14. 拼写spelling15. 口音；腔调；着重点accent16. 17. 纯的，纯洁的pure(v.)purify(n.)purity18. 19. (狗)叫bark20. 人种的，种族的racial种族；比赛race21. 平和的，温柔的gentle(adv.)gently2
32、2. 向后，向反方向backwards23. 插嘴，打断，暂停interrupt24. 错误的；误解的mistaken(v.&n.) mistake25. (一种语言的)字母表，全部字母alphabet26. 行为deed27. 文字；文字作品writing28. 代表；展示，描绘represent(n.)representation29. 绘画，绘画艺术drawing30. 显示，表示；象征，暗示indicate31. 缺点，短处shortcoming32. (被)压，挤，推，施加压力(v.)press；报刊；新闻界；出版社(n.)press33. 金属丝；铁丝网wire34. 战斗batt
33、le35. 图案，花纹；模式，方式pattern36. 37. 38. 以此方式，如此；因为，从而thus39. 打字机typewriter40. 版本version1. 2. 占据(时间、空间)occupytake up占据(数量)account formake up某人忙于sb. be occupied with/inoccupy oneself with/in3. 以命名name.after凭名字by name名叫的by the name ofwith the name以的名义in the name of4. 除之外aside fromapart from5. 为作出贡献make con
34、tributions to6. 控制，取得对的控制take control of.7. 导致lead to8. 被取代be replaced by/with9. 母语mother tonguenative language10. 区别A和Bmake/draw a distinction between A and B以优异的成绩毕业graduate with distinctiongraduate with honours11. 汉字Chinese characters个性强/个性不强have a strong/weak character动画片中的角色cartoon characters12
35、. 禁止某人做某事ban sb. from doing sth.被禁止做be banned from doing一个的禁令a ban on sth.13. 一个独一无二的动物a unique animal14. 得出结论draw/make/arrive at/come to/reach a conclusion匆忙下结论jump to a conclusion最后in conclusion15. 遵守习俗follow the customs16. 应当，应该ought to17. A和B不同A differ from BA is different from B18. 寻找工作hunt for
36、 a job捕杀动物hunt animals19. 以貌取人judge a person by ones appearance出现；露面make ones appearanceappear好像appear不定式/(to be) n/adj.20. 简化字simplified characters使某人的生活简单化simplify ones life21. 作为整体，总体上as a whole总的说来，大体上on the whole22. 把A和B结合起来combine A with/and B(n.) combination23. 区分A和Bdistinguish A from Bdistin
37、guish between A and B24. 用墨水in ink25. 视力差have poor eyesight26. 如果你方便的话if it is convenient for/to you给某人带来便利bring convenience to sb.在某人方便的时候at ones convenience1. 尽管诺曼人在统治英格兰的整整250年间一直讲法语，但是法语并没有取代英语成为第一语言。Even_though the Normans spoke French for the entire 250 years they ruled England，French did not
38、replace_English_as_the_first_language2. 有人抱乐观态度，认为这个过程是好的，而其他人则担心它会导致语言污染。Some people are optimistic and believe that this process is good，while others worry that it may result in language pollution.3. 虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。_While_the students found the soldiers idea interesting，the syste
39、m was too difficult to be_of_practical_use4.汉语与很多西方语言不同之处在于汉语使用的基本单位，汉字本身就具有意义，可以独立成词。The Chinese language differs from many Western languages_in_that_it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words.5.这些形状或图画就是最初的汉字。These shapes or pictures were_the_very_first_Chinese_characters6
40、. 还有很多其他能够反映汉字演变过程的例子。There are many other examples reflecting_the_development_of_Chinese_writing用所给提示翻译下列句子：1. 虽然他只是一个孩子，但他已能明辨是非。(While)_2. 汽车给人们的生活带来便利的同时也造成了环境污染。(convenience)_3. 虽然我们不能以貌取人，但得体的穿着在职场世界里是很重要的。(judge)_4. 入口处的指示牌标明山中有熊，所以游客需要当心。(indicate)_5. 这本书的简化版与原版有很大的不同。(differ)_【答案】1. While h
41、e is a child，he can distinguish right and wrong.2. The car brings convenience to peoples life，but at the same time it causes pollution to the environment.3. Though we cant judge a person by his appearance，appropriate dressing is very important in the job world.4. The sign at the entrance indicates t
42、hat there are bears in the mountains，so visitors should be careful.5. The simplified version of the book differs from the original greatly. raise，rise，lift，arise raise是及物动词，意为“举起；饲养，养育；提出；引起；募集”；rise是不及物动词，意为“上升；起身”；用作名词时的习惯搭配：on the riseon the increase(在上升中)；lift是及物动词，常指借助体力把某物(尤指重物)从平面向上举起；arise是不
43、及物动词，意为“产生；上升”。常构成短语：arise fromarise out of(由产生)。Voices were _ when the discussion became more heated.A. risenB. raisedC. liftedD. shoutedA test of healthy foods by a New English grocery chain _ doubts about the nutritional claims made by many products.A. arises B. risesC. raises D. lifts【答案】BC besi
44、des，however，therefore 表示递进关系的副词有：besides, also, furthermore, moreover, in addition, additionally, plus; 表示转折关系的副词有：however, yet, nevertheless, still, though; 表示因果关系的副词有：therefore, thus。用therefore, besides和though填空：We dont own the building. _，it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to
45、 it.Our team lost the game. It was a good game _I dont really want to go. _，its too late now.【答案】ThereforethoughBesides concern concern用作动词，意为“影响，涉及；与有关；使某人担心”；用作名词，意为“关注；担心”。a speech concerning sth.一个关于的演讲people concerned有关的人concerned people担忧的人be concerned about/for关心，担心be concerned with和有关as far
46、as sb./sth. be concerned就而言用concern的适当形式填空：He asked several questions _ the future of the company._ that he might be late，he got up early.【答案】concerningConcerned access，approach access用作名词，意为“(使用或见到的)机会，权利”，对人而言，可表示与其会面，对场合而言可表示自由出入。此外，access可用作动词，意为“存取；进入”，如：an easily accessed system(一个容易进入的系统)；app
47、roach用作动词，意为“接近，靠近”，强调动作，相当于draw near；还可意为“着手处理”。用作名词意为“方法，途径；通道”。an approach to doing sth.a way of doing/to do sth.做某事的方法have/get/gain/obtain access to sth./sb.有机会利用或接近某事/某人As we all know，the Internet will let people have _ to huge amounts of information from their own homes.A. entrance B. wayC. me
48、ans D. accessA lot of money must be in place for the Hope Project.Yes. One way is to obtain _ to some charity body leader.A. reach B. methodC. access D. solution【答案】DC pull，draw，drag 如果表示将某物拖动了位置，用 draw 或 pull 均可以。如：I drew/pulled my chair up closer to the fire. 我把椅子向火旁拉近了点。如果没有位置变化，通常用 pull。如：Dont p
49、ull so hard or the handle will come off.别太使劲拉，不然把手会脱落。drag指拖笨重的、阻力很大的东西，慢慢地、使劲地拖。如：They had to drag loads. 他们得拖很重的东西。drag ones feet故意拖拉，故意延迟pull ones leg和某人开玩笑用pull，draw和drag的适当形式填空：The horse was_ a cart.He _ the door open.He_ the heavy box out of the room.【答案】pulling/drawingpulleddragged actual，ori
50、ginal，practical actual指实际上或事实上存在或发生的事情，或人所共知的客观事实；可用于谈及有关某事的准确信息；original指信息或消息等原原本本的情况，见解等独到而非抄袭别人；practical指从实践、实用角度讲是实事求是的，可行的，有实际经验的。用actual，original和practical填空：We call the baby Doc. His_ name is Daniel.This is a(n) _ play，not an adaptation.This kind of product is worthless for all _ purposes.【
51、答案】actualoriginalpractical be made from，be made of，be made into，be made up of be made from表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形和特性，原材料在制作过程中发生了化学变化，从成品已无法辨认原材料；be made of原为be made out of，out常被省略。这一短语表示成品制成后，仍保留了原材料的形状，制作过程仅发生了物理变化；be made into意为“被制成”；be made up of意为“由组成”。用made构成短语的适当形式填空：In many parts of the world cor
52、n _ powder.The desks and chairs _ wood.This kind of wine _ rice.The sports team _ twenty members.【答案】is made intoare made ofis made fromis made up of The Chinese language differs from many Western languages in that it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words. 介词后不可接that从句，除了e
53、xcept that.和in that.；in that译为“在于；因为”。翻译下列句子：This book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history._Advertisements are useful in that they let us know of some information about goods._【答案】这本书不同于那本，因为这本是有关化学的，而那本是有关历史的。广告是有用的，因为它们让我们了解产品的一些信息。 These shap
54、es or pictures were the very first Chinese characters. very和the，this，ones 等连用，以加强语气，译为“正是的；恰好的”。完成下列句子：He might be phoning her _(就在此刻)Thats _(正是我需要的书)【答案】at this very momentthe very book that I need/just the book that I need_(汉语不同于) many Western languages in that it uses _(有含义的汉字) and can stand alon
55、e as words. Chinese people invented numerous characters to _(代表) ideas，objects or actions. There is a legend_(说) that a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing. Some characters _(简化)and others have been developed from drawings into _(标准形式). The pictogram for a mountain was _(起初) three peaks toge
56、ther. This became one peak and three lines and _(最终变成今天所使用的字体)【答案】The Chinese language differs from/is different from；meaningful characters；represent/stand for；saying/that says；have been simplified；standard forms；originally；eventually turned into the character used todayUnit 3Back to the past1. 文明ci
57、vilization2. 兴建，创建found(foundedfounded)3. 公元前BC4. 火山volcano5. (火山等)爆发erupt6. 涌流，倾泻；倒出(液体)pour7. 不幸的，遗憾的unfortunate(adv.) unfortunately幸运的fortunate(adv.) fortunately8. 泥浆，烂泥mud(adj.) muddy9. 研究者，调查者researcher10. 逼真的truetolife11. 灾难disaster12. 毁坏，摧毁destroy13. 商业的commercial14. 富有的；富裕的wealthy(n.) wealth
58、15. 沙尘暴sandstorm16. 学者scholar奖学金scholarship17. 文化的cultural(n.) culture18. (教育、或其他专业)机构；研究所institute19.遗址，遗迹；残留物remains(v.) remain20. 21. 文献；文件document22. 爆炸 explode(n.) explosion23. 极度的；极端的extreme(adv.) extremely24. 骨骼，骨头bone25. 木制的wooden26. 皮革leather27. 观众，听众audience28. 洞穴cave29. 港口harbour30. 强有力的p
59、owerful31. 轰炸；炸弹bomb32. 水手，海员sailor33. 34. 教育educate(n.) education(adj.) educational35. 士兵；军队，部队troop36. 前进，进发；游行march37. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣glory(adj.) glorious38. 辽阔的；巨大的；大量的vast39. 薪金，薪水salary40. 使腐化，使堕落；贪污的，腐败的corrupt41. 毒药，毒物；毒害，下毒poison(adj.) poisonous1. 作讲座deliver/give a lecture on/about2. 夺取；接管take ove
60、r3. 被烧成灰烬be burnt to ashes4. 装饰着be decorated with(n.) decoration5. 逃离某地flee (fledfled) a place6. 渐渐地graduallystep by steplittle by little7. 处在废墟中in ruins8. 阅读材料reading materials建筑材料building materials9. 附近的一家医院a hospital nearbya nearby hospital10. 向某人抱怨/投诉某事complain to sb. about sth.make a complaint
61、to sb. about sth.一封投诉信a letter of complaint还可以，还行I cant complain11. 一部历史电影a historical film一个历史遗址a historic site12. 问题的解决办法a solution to a problem13. 无法表达beyond expression一个迷茫的表情a puzzled expression/look14. 参加毕业典礼attend a graduation ceremony15. 中华人民共和国the Peoples Republic of China16. 被选为会议的主席be elec
62、ted chairman of the meeting17. 参加海军join the navy18. 以纪念in memory ofin honour of19. 英雄纪念碑a memorial to heroes20. 自由女神像the Statue of Liberty21. 无疑，确实no doubt22. 起义，反抗rise up against23. 阻碍(某人)stand in ones pathstand in ones way24. 提前ahead of timein advance前进；请做吧go ahead25. 患(病)come down with找到(答案等)come
63、 up with26. 使某人意识到make sb. aware of/realize sth.提高人们的意识raise/increase/sharpen ones awareness of27. 在此基础上on that basis根据on the basis of28. 把某人告上法庭take sb. to court29. 通过不断摸索by trial and error30. 根据判断judging by/from被评定为be judged to be31. 32. 作为回报in return (for sth.)依次，轮流；转而，反过来in turn33. 受够了；对感到厌烦have
64、 enough of1. 现在我们在意大利，明天我们将游览庞贝。We are in Italy now，and tomorrow we_are_visiting_Pompeii.2.很多人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。Many people were buried_alive,_and so was the city.3. 今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii_as_it_was_2，000_years_ago4. 人们开始在这个地区挖掘金银财宝，这造成了很大的破坏。People starte
65、d to dig in the area for treasure，which_caused_much_damage5.原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下了火山灰里的人形空当。It_turns_out_that after the ash covered the people who_failed_to_flee_the_city,_their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving_empty_spaces_in_the_ash6.许多人相信楼兰古城在公元200年至公元500
66、年之间被风沙渐渐覆盖了。Loulan is_believed_by_many_people_to_have_been_gradually_covered_over_by_sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 500.用所给提示翻译下列句子：1. 他相当乐观，坚持要实施这项计划，因此你最好别阻挡他。(stand)_2. 这尊金属雕像是为了纪念一位著名学者而建的。(memory)_3. 这座城市是一个重要的商贸中心，创建于公元9世纪。(found)_4. 如果你对产品质量不满意，你可以向有关部门投诉。(complain)_5. 随着生活条件的改善，越来越多的人选择出国旅行。(c
67、ondition)_【答案】1. He is quite optimistic and insists on carrying out the plan，so youd better not stand in his path.2. The metal statue was built in memory of a famous scholar.3. This city，which is an important commercial centre，was founded in the 9th century AD.4. If you are not satisfied with the qu
68、ality of the product，you can complain to the department concerned.5. With the improvement of the living conditions，more and more people choose to travel abroad. damage，destroy，ruin damage 只是造成局部的破坏，通常指损坏的程度不那么严重，还可以修复再用，也可用于表示损坏抽象的东西。用法搭配：do/cause damage to(对造成损害)；destroy造成的则是彻底的毁坏，一般情况下不可以修复再用，也可表示
69、毁坏抽象的东西，名词为destruction；ruin意为“使成为废墟；崩溃；糟蹋”，有时泛指一般性的破坏，指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度，其名词复数形式为ruins，意为“废墟”，常用于短语in ruins，意为“在废墟中”。用damage，destroy和ruin的适当形式填空：The machine was badly _. We must get someone to repair it.The building was completely _ by fire.The houses across the street are in _，but they were in good c
70、ondition before the war broke out.【答案】damageddestroyedruins declare，announce，claim declare 强调官方正式“宣布，公布，宣告”；announce强调对公众或特定的一组或一群人宣布他们关心的事，常用于announce sth. to sb.；claim意为“(根据权利)要求；认领；声称；夺取”。意为“声称”时，后接不定式或that从句。declare sth. (to be)sth./adj.宣布为declare war on/against向宣战declare for sth./against sth.声明
71、支持/反对用declare，announce和claim的适当形式填空：The referee _ him the winner of the fight.He _ to have seen the murderer.He _ to us that he would get married next month.【答案】declaredclaimedannounced remain remain用作不及物动词，意为“逗留，保持”，通常指别的人或物已不在原地时，某人或某物继续留在原来的地方；用作连系动词，意为“保持，仍然处于(某种状态)”，后接形容词、分词、名词、介词短语等，相当于be stil
72、l。remain poor仍然差remain to be done有待于做the remaining moneythe money left剩余的钱It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house.A. leftB. remainedC. delayedD. desertedIt is a good plan in theory，but it remains _ whether it works in practice.A. seeing B. to be seenC. seen D. to see
73、Nothing _ after the terrible fire caused by the careless doorkeeper.A. left B. continuedC. kept D. remained【答案】BBD on，above，over，beneath，below，under on意为“在之上”，通常是指物体之上，但和物体相连。与beneath意思相反；above意为“在之上”，强调的是斜上方，但不相连。与below意思相反；over意为“在之上”，通过物体，并不和物体相连。与under意思相反；beneath意为“在之下”，通常带有覆盖的意味。注有时beneath可用来代
74、替under，也可用它来表示抽象含义。用beneath, below和under填空：From the top of the mountain we could see a lake _us.He would think it _ him to tell a lie.He put the letter _ the pillow.【答案】belowbeneathunder no doubt doubt意为“怀疑”，用于肯定句中，后接if/whether从句，用于否定句和疑问句中，后接that从句。There is no doubt about sth./that从句毫无疑问beyond/out
75、of doubt毫无疑问in doubt可怀疑地without doubt无疑地no doubt无疑，确实完成下列句子：I have no doubt _ he will overcome all his difficulties.There is some doubt _ John will come on time.【答案】thatwhether situation，condition，state，position situation意为“形势；情况；局面”；condition意为“状况(不可数)；条件”；state意为“状况”时，用作可数名词。此外，state用作动词，意为“陈述，声明”
76、；position意为“位置；姿态；职位”。the living conditions生活条件in good conditionin a good state状况良好on condition that只要on one condition依据一个条件on no condition决不on no accountin no wayin no caseat no timein/under no circumstancesby no means(表示“决不”的几个短语，放在句首要部分倒装)in a difficult situation处境困难hold a position担任一个职务in positi
77、on就位用situation，condition，state，position的适当形式填空：School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous _He is in a difficult _The bridge is in a bad _The patient is in poor _The living _ have improved a lot.He holds an important _ in the company.【答案】situationssituationstateconditionconditionsposit
78、ion Many people were buried alive and so was the city. alive，living，live与lively的区别：alive意为“活着的”，可作表语和补语，作定语时要放在名词或代词后面；living意为“活着的”，可作表语和定语；live只用于物，作前置定语，如a live mouse，a live wire(带电导线)。此外，live可意为“现场的”“现场地”；lively意为“生动的”。用alive，living，live和lively填空：It was a_ broadcast，not a recording.The dead are
79、always remembered by the _The enemy was caught _He always makes his lessons interesting and _【答案】livelivingalivelively It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash. turn out 意为
80、“结果是，结果证明；生产；关掉；在场”。如：A vast crowd turned out to watch the procession. 有一大群人出来观看游行队伍。I didnt need my umbrella，as it turned out. 我果然没用上我的伞。Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed.临睡前别忘了关灯。注It turned out that his theory was correct.His theory turned out (to be) correct.It was proved that hi
81、s theory was correct.His theory proved to be correct.We had thought the exam would be difficult，but it _ easy.A. turnedB. cameC. appearedD. provedIn all kinds of competitions，Jackie_ a most excellent athlete. He has won many gold medals.A. proves B. practisesC. behaves D. conductsIt _ that she was a
82、 friend of my sister.A. turned out B. provedC. was turned out D. had proved【答案】DAALoulan is believed by many people to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 500. “据说/据报道/人们相信”的相关结构：Its said/reported/believedthat从句sb./sth. is said/reported/believed to do/be doing/have done改
83、写下列句子：It is said that he has left the stage already.He is said _.It is reported that he is writing a novel now.He is reported _.Its believed the disease is caused by a virus.The disease is believed _【答案】to have left the stage alreadyto be writing a novel nowto be caused by a virusThe city of Pompeii
84、 was founded in the 8th century BC. Near the city was a volcano. _(在公元79年的8月24日)，the volcano erupted and lava，ash and rocks _(从中喷涌而出)onto the surrounding countryside. It continued to erupt for the next two days. _(许多人被活埋)，and so was the city. Most of the human _(遗骸) from Pompeii have been found on t
85、he roads away from the city. The people were _(逃离这座城市)for their lives. However，they could not get away _(足够快)，so they were buried_(火山灰下)【答案】On 24 August AD 79；poured out of it；Many people were buried alive；remains；fleeing the city；fast enough；beneath the ash结尾段结尾部分是深化主题以及对文章思想的升华，因此，结尾段的个人观点要明确，表达要有
86、深度和梯度，切忌没话找话说或者重复上面的观点。同时，一个精彩的结尾，会让读者眼前一亮。结尾句应简洁有力，起到画龙点睛的作用。文章的结尾句没有一定的模式，可以根据表达主题的需要，灵活创造。一般习惯是：一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法，但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语，以便使文章首尾呼应，结构完整。常见的结尾方法有：1. 总结式：把全文的主要观点、中心意思进行概括总结。如：Only in this way can we live in harmony with nature.2. 引语法：采用谚语、格言、名人的语言等结束全文。如：In particular, I agr
87、ee with what Francis Bacon said: “Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability.”3. 号召式：用于呼吁读者行动起来，或敦促采取行动。如： It is high time that we put an immediate end to this phenomenon. Our colleges and universities should be more willing to shoulder their responsibilities to students and their famil
88、ies. (演讲稿)Therefore, lets take the responsibility to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles. Come on and join us!用于结尾的常用句型 ：1. It is high time that something was done about.On the whole, it is high time that everyone.2. It is essential that effective measure be taken to.Therefore, we should t
89、ake some effective steps to.3. Taking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that.4. Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented, I strongly recommend that.(高考经典福建卷)你对四川受灾学校三年来的变化的感想。Obviously, without the help of the whole society, there would
90、 be no new schools today. It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. Many hands make light work. We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need. Union is strength. (高考经典上海卷)对小学生现在课堂上积极举手回答问题的感受。So I think the present condition is d
91、ifferent from the previous one, which is beneficial to the development of pupils personality. In addition, it helps to train pupils creativity. Not only can it improve pupils efficiency but also it can inspire pupils to work harder than ever. (高考经典江苏卷)请考生联系自己拟定内容，关于“如何倾听”列举两至三点。What I want to stress
92、 is that each of us should listen more to others. Show our respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be openminded to different opinions even though you dont like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us
93、 to get closer to each other. 请根据你对以下两幅图的理解， 以Actions Speak Louder than Words为题， 用英语写一篇作文。你的作文应包括以下内容：1. 简要描述两幅图的内容。2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解。3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。注意：1. 可参照图片适当发挥。2. 作文词数150 左右。3. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。4. 参考词汇： banner 横幅stump 树桩【成功例文】Actions Speak Louder than WordsPeople celebrate Earth D
94、ay differently. In Picture 1, a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps, but in vain, while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees. The message conveyed here is clear: “Actions speak louder than words.” Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay
95、lip service or take practical measures to protect it? The answer is definitely the latter. Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment. Actions are important in other fields, too. Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate bo
96、oks and sport goods to children in need. We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams. Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. 完形填空题是一种集知识和能力为一体，立意新、要求高的综合性语
97、言测试题。它是一种高难度的障碍性阅读题，此题旨在测试学生的综合应用语言能力，同时又检测他们的分析判断能力和连贯性思维能力。一、 完形填空题的题型特点1. 首句完整“完形填空” 所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。2. 语境选择近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。 “语境能力型” 试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后词形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选
98、择答案。3. 动词、名词为主完形填空所给的选项一般要同形、同质，即词性相同，词形相似，以实词为主。一般高考题考查动词(58个)、名词(46个)，然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。这是因为完形填空题的设题特点主要是根据语境考查理解能力，而在通常情况下只有实词才能较好地体现语境。4. 难处暗示难选之处前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往下读，我们就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。5. 选材适中近几年来的高考完形填空题材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或具有一定哲理和教育意义，夹叙
99、夹议，以叙为主的议论文。词数在300左右。设空距离为10个词左右。短文内容思想性好，贴近生活，易于理解，主题比较明显，情节相对完整，层次分明，结构严谨，逻辑性强。材料难度与高三教材相当，所选短文的英语语言符合高三学生的实际水平。二、 完形填空题解题步骤1. 细读首句，预测主题完形填空所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，建立正确的思维导向。同时也不可忽视尾句前后呼应的作用。2. 跳读全文，领会大意要学会跳读技巧。借助首尾句所给启示，跳过空格，快速把短文从头到尾通读一遍，进一步从整体上理解短文大意。这是正确选择的基础，也是做题的关键。切忌急于求成，看一句填一空。3. 通
100、读全文，试选答案根据全文大意，试填选项，注意在语境理解上下功夫，要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系。在阅读全文时，不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。4. 细读全文，推敲难题若有些答案实在难以确定，可按空格所在位置，从词语搭配、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析和语法结构等方面，耐心细致地逐项分析，以求对应。可先读所要填词的句子，复读上一句，兼顾下一句，即“瞻前顾后”，确保答案的准确无误。三、 完形填空题实用解题技巧1. 重视首句，把握开篇；注意尾句，提示总结全文读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。尾句往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。(2
101、009宁夏、海南卷)It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevensons imagination. _36_，recent research has found the true story of this exciting book.36. A. However B. ThereforeC. Besides D. Finally【答案】ACarolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc.(铺路公司) in Atlanta，US
102、A. In the following account，she recalls the job that challenged her _36_ and skill but left her flying high.When the Atlanta Airport was under _37_ in 1979，we were a new company struggling to make it. National Car Rental wanted to have 2，500 square metres of dirt paved _38_ the cars could be on site
103、 _39_ the airport opened，and the official opening was only ten days away！.The key to our success was having the _55_ to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.36. A. kindness B. patienceC. imagination D. experience37. A. construction B. repairC. control D. develop
104、ment38. A. after B. asC. for D. so39. A. while B. sinceC. where D. when55. A. courage B. interestC. hope D. chance【答案】36. C37. A38. D39. D55. A2. 前后呼应法(上下语境)解完形填空题要始终抓住文段本身，确立“双语境”基准判断做题，即大语境全文中心和基调；小语境空格前后的语意环境；再遵循前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路去做题。有时甚至必须跨越句子层次和段落层次才能选出正确的答案来。Garths email was short，but I learned more
105、 from that _17_ message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of 18_(appreciation) can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic _19_ had made me tired and upset. But Garths words immediately _20_ me and put a smile back on my face.17. A. accurate B. urgent
106、C. brief D. humourous19. A. troubles B. signalsC. rules D. signs20. A. corrected B. supportedC. amazed D. refreshed【答案】17. C19. A20. D3. 词汇辨析法和一词多义从近年来高考真题的分析情况来看，相似词汇彼此之间的细致辨析题型在考试中比重逐年增加，同时一些词汇的一词多义也是高中考生的弱点所在。(2009山东卷)After that Christmas，David and I became good friends，and I never forgot the mea
107、ning _20_ the little empty box set on my desk.20. A. fromB. behindC. overD. towards(2011江西卷)Despite all the troubles，she _48_ to get the chicken into the stove.48A. tried B. arrangedC. managed D. prepared(2011湖南卷)I passed by a girl who _38_ her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someon
108、e else would help her pick them up，I continued my way.38A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled【答案】20.B48.C38.B4. 注意语法结构考查语法的设题常在多种语法点的结合处，同时兼顾语境。此考点对于高中生比较熟悉，也是我们的优势所在。需要同学们注意的就是现在的这种考点核心在多种语法点的结合考查上，同时注意到语境的具体要求。I was about to turn off my computer _14_ I received an email from Garth，my Director.14. A.
109、 while B. when C. where D. after(2009山东卷)He always _7_after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much. He _8_ just simply smile and ask what else he could do，then thank me for letting him stay and slowly _9_ home.7. A. practised B. wandered C. studied D. stayed8. A. would B
110、. should C. might D. could9. A. aim at B. turn to C. put off D. head for(2009福建卷)We dont have to tell children _20_ they should take from the story and what the moral is.20. A. that B. what C. which D. whom【答案】14. B7. D8. A9. D20. B5. 注意关联词(转折、递进或因果等)判断文章中词、句子的关系。这种关系或许是趋于向其他方面的转化，或许是与所描述的概念正好相反。In
111、the complex and technological society _6_ the United States has become，each _7_ must fulfill a number of personal and occupational _8_(roles)_ and be in contact with many other members. _9_，viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are _10_ more as people in their own right th
112、an as those of subordination(附属)6. A. that B. where C. when D. what7. A. parent B. member C. family D. relative9. A. Besides B. HoweverC. Instead D. Therefore10. A. admired B. regardedC. made D. respected【答案】6. A7. B9. D10. B6. 固定搭配法这部分主要考查考生平时的基础知识储备，尤其是对动词短语形容词短语固定句型等的考查。(2009安徽卷)Dear son，I want t
113、o thank you for teaching me a very _1_ lesson in life by the great example you _2_1. A. humourous B. privateC. reasonable D. valuable2. A. followed B. gave C. set D. took(2009天津卷)The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my son to school. He _1_ me with
114、 a puzzleall because he waved to me like someone does _2_ seeing a close friend.1. A. hit B. disappointedC. presented D. bored2. A. on B. from C. during D. about(2010北京卷)There was no _5_ asking his parents，for he knew they had no money to _6_5. A. point B. reason C. result D. right6. A. split B. spe
115、nd C. spare D. save【答案】1. D2. C1. C2. A5. A6. C7. 结合生活常识判断(2011江西卷)She got shocked and confused _52_ was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate，she was met by three _53_ little faces and some very burnt bread. “Sorry，we were hungry and you were _54_，so we tried to make some bread，”explaine
116、d a boy. Relieved，Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She _55_ them never to fall asleep on the job again!52. A. smoke B. lightC. water D. fire53. A. cheerful B. strangeC. guilty D. confident54. A. busy B. hungryC. worried D. asleep55. A. promised B. allowedC. expected D. persuaded【答案】52. A53. C54. D55. A
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