1、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Leaders of the World Health Organization say they are concerned about the air quality andhealth efiects on citizens during a recent outbreak of heavy pollution in BeijingStill，they said theywere unsure of the exact amount the air pollution takes on any persons body
2、，casting doubts onlocal reports tying the areas dirty air to particular cases of illness Speaking at a briefing(情况介绍会)on Tuesday，the WHOs Western Pacific regional director，Shin YoungSoo，cited(列举)reports about poor air quality causing lung cancer in recent weeks.“The WHO is skeptical of the informati
3、on，”she said“Were cautious of whether the illness is relatedto air po11ution. We know it has an impact on health，but we dont know how much” The officials didnt cite particular reportsThe comments follow a number of articles since latelast year connecting some cases of diseases like lung cancer with
4、pollution，including one inNovember regarding an 8-year-old girl The health impact of Beijings gray skies has been on the minds of many over the past week。Localauthorities on Tuesday preserved an orange alert(警报)一the citys second highest pollution-warningleveland again warned people to stay indoorsEx
5、perts widely agree that small particulates(颗粒)known as PM2.5 carry significant short-and long-term health risks，particularly with childrenOtherstudies find a certain link between pollution and shorter life spans。Chinese state media have noted a rise in cancer levels in Beijing,without specifying(具体说
6、明)whether the new cases are the main result of pollution,smoking,other sources or some combinationBernhard Schwartlander，the organizations China chief，said he is concerned and has been incontact with national authorities“There is no easy solution,”Dr. Schwartlainder said，adding thatsolving the probl
7、em requires managing industry and the economyWHO leaders advised citizenstostay indoors and limit exposure to the harmful particulatesWhen asked if wearing a face mask hasany proven efficacy in preventing health effects of air pollution，Dr. Schwartlainder said，“Whateveryou do，its better than nothing
8、.”1We can learn from the passage that .Ain case of an orange alert, we had better not go outsideBthe case of the girl with lung cancer was little linked to air pollutionCcancer levels in Beijing are rising due to heavy air pollutionDit is widely agreed that pollution shortens life spans very slightl
9、y2According to DrSchwartlander，the ways to solve the problem include .Acontacting the national authorities Bbeing exposed less to harmful particulatesCmanaging the enterprise and economy Dpreventing health effects of pollution3What would be the best title of this passage?AThe dangers of heavy pollut
10、ionBThe impacts of pollution on healthCThe importance of protecting the environmentDThe uncertainty of relationship between pollution and health【参考答案】13、ACD 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013重庆，E)It is idely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with th
11、e weather finds expression in Dr. Johnsons famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnsons observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weatherspeak.
12、Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and
13、 unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English interest is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. “The interest
14、 is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weatherspeak among the English. Both commentators, some
15、how, are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weatherspeak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weatherspeak
16、 are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. In other words, English weatherspeak is a means of social bonding.文章大意：本文为议论文，上来点题：英语对话往往从天气开始。后面具体的介绍几个对此有不同理解的人以及他们的观点。17The author mentions Dr. Johnsons comment to show that _.Amo
17、st commentators agree with Dr. Johnson.BDr. Johnson is famous for his weather conversationCthe comment was accurate two hundred years agoDEnglish conversations usually start with the weather答案：D文章第一句话提到：众所周知，英语的对话往往从天气开始，然后举例说明，显然举例的目的就是表明英语的对话往往从天气开始，故D项正确。18What does the underlined word “obsession
18、” most probably refer to?AA social trend.BAn emotional state.CA historical concept.DAn unknown phenomenon.答案：B词意猜测题。由语境可知，Bill认为因为英国天气一点也不令人兴奋，因此用它对话时表达出来的_难以理解。兴奋应是与人的情感状态有关，故B项正确。19According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that _.ABill Bryson has little knowledge of the weatherBthere is not
19、hing special about the English weatherCthe English weather attracts people to the British IslesDEnglish people talk about the weather for its uncertainty答案：D细节理解题。由文章第三段信息The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.可知D项正确。20What is the authors main purpose of writing the pas
20、sage?ATo explain what English weatherspeak is about.BTo analyse misconceptions about the English weather.CTo find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. DTo convince people that the English weather is changeable.答案：A主旨大意题。文章主要讲述英语对话以天气开始的一些事情，故A项正确。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013重庆
21、，A)The morning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching, and Id been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt: “The trouble with you is that you wont put yourself in my place. Cant you see things from my point of view？” I shook my head stubbornlyand felt the ache in my tooth. Id thought I
22、could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky.“If you come by right now，” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”
23、I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasnt he as busy as the others?In the dentists office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing but the bare walls and
24、I became even more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my icecold one.When I told her my fears, she laughed and said，“Dont worry. The dentist is very good.”“How long do I have to wait for him？” I asked impatiently.“Come on, he is coming. Just lie down and rela
25、x. And enjoy the artwork，”the assistant said.“The artwork？”I was puzzled.The chair went back. Suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend meant by her words.What
26、a relief!文章大意：本文为一篇夹述夹议的文章，作者通过自己看牙医的一段经历，体会到了下面的道理，即：要站在别人的角度上考虑问题。1Which of the following best describes the authors feeling that morning?ACheerful. BNervous. CSatisfied DUpset.答案：D推理判断题。由文章刚开头提到的“The morning had been a disaster”以及后面“牙痛，跟朋友的辩论又伤害了我”可知，我很沮丧，故D项正确。2What made the author begin to doub
27、t about the dentist?AThe dentists agreeing to treat her at very short notice.BThe dentists being as busy as the other dentists.CThe surroundings of the dentists office.DThe laughing assistant of the dentist.答案：A细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句话What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short not
28、ice？可知，A项正确。3Why did the author suddenly smile?ABecause the dentist came at last.BBecause she saw a picture on the ceiling.CBecause she could relax in the chair.DBecause the assistant kept comforting her.答案：B细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段信息Suddenly I smiled.There was a beautiful picture，right where I could enjoy it
29、，on the ceiling.可知B项正确。4What did the author learn from her experience most probably?AStrike while the iron is hot.BHave a good word for ones friend.CPut oneself in others shoes.DA friend in need is a friend indeed.答案：C推理判断题。A项表示“趁热打铁”；B项表示“对朋友说好话”；C项表示“站在别人的角度上考虑”；D项表示“患难朋友才是真朋友”。由文章第一段朋友的话：The trou
30、ble with you is that you wont put yourself at my place. Cant you see things from my point of view.以及文章倒数第二段I began to understand what my friends meant by her words.可知，作者从这段经历当中知道了：要站在别人的角度上去考虑问题，故C项正确。【2013界广东省韶关市】 完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I agree with the saying th
31、at some people “see old memories as a chance to deal with the past and unite past and present.” Many people are so _1_ by things that happened in their past that they are not able to focus on the _2_ . For example, in the book Ceremony, the main character, Tayo, cannot concentrate on the present bec
32、ause he cant forget his troubled childhood and _3_ continues to relive things that happened during that time. However, past memories can help people to _4_ in the present. A _5_ example of people learning from the past would be the Marshall Plan. After the _6_ of World War II there were many war-tor
33、n countries around the world in need of _7_ assistance to help rebuild their countries, and the United States would have to be the one to _8_ that assistance. Many American politicians thought it was _9_ for the US government to spend money abroad on countries that would not be able to repay it for
34、a long time. However, George Marshall, a former US general, remembered how the exact same _10_ of why should we spend money on war-torn nations that really owe us reparations (赔款)? had been used after World War I towards Germany. The _11_ of assistance towards Germany after World War I had caused a
35、gigantic economic depression in Germany that had made the Mark (German money) virtually _12_ . The German people became so desperate that they started _13_ an extreme German nationalist named Adolf Hitler, who eventually started World War II. Marshall knew that if the US did not _14_ war-torn German
36、y and, especially, Japan, we could _15_ have a World War III on our hands. 1. A. shocked B. troubled C. punished D. annoyed 2. A. memory B. situation C. present D. future 3. A. constantly B. innocently C. ridiculously D. rarely 4. A. forget B. recover C. enjoy D. compare 5. A. personal B. scientific
37、 C. historical D. commercial 6. A. conclusion B. decision C. invasion D. extension 7. A. medical B. political C. economic D. lawful 8. A. need B. provide C. find D. prevent 9. A. reasonable B. necessary C. difficult D. foolish 10. A. statement B. argument C. suggestion D. introduction 11. A. intensi
38、on B. request C. influence D. lack 12. A. hopeless B. worthless C. worldwide D. valuable 13. A. refusing B. employing C. supporting D. charging 14. A. stop B. warn C. resist D. help 15. A. similarly B. simplyC. regularly D. unlikely 1.【答案】B【解析】考查过去分词及语境的理。A.震惊，震动；B.麻烦，烦恼，折磨；C.惩罚；D.打扰，恼怒。由“For exampl
39、e, in the book Ceremony, the main character, Tayo, cannot concentrate on the present because he cant forget his troubled childhood”可知许多人被过去所发生的事情困扰。故选B。2.【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.记忆；B.情况，形势，处境；C.现在，礼物；D.未来。由例子中的“Tayo, cannot concentrate on the present because he cant forget his troubled childhood”可知许多被
40、过去所困扰的人不能专注于现在。故选C。3.【答案】A【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A.不断地，时常地；B.纯洁地，无罪地；C.可笑地，荒谬地；D.很少地，罕有地。由“he cant forget his troubled childhood”可知他无法忘记困扰的童年，并时常不断地重新体验在那期间所发生的事情。故选A。4.【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A.忘记；B.恢复，重新获得；C.享受，喜爱；D.比较。根据下文的马歇尔计划，可知过去的记忆能帮助人们比较现在。故选D。5.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A.个人的；B.科学的；C.历史的；D.商业的。因为马歇尔计划是一个历史
41、事件，所以选C。6.【答案】A【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.结论，结局；B.决定；C.入侵，侵略；D.延长，延期，扩展。由“there were many war-torn countries ”可知是在二战结束后。7.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A.医学的；B.政治的；C.经济的；D.法律的。由“Many American politicians thought”可知需要的是政治援助。故选C。8.【答案】B【解析】考查动词及语境的理。A.需要；B.提供；C.发现；D.阻止。由“the US government to spend money abroad on countr
42、ies that would not be able to repay it for a long time.”可知美国将是提供援助的那个国家。故选B。9.【答案】D【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A.合理的，公道的；B.必要的，必需的；C.困难的；D.愚蠢的。“the US government to spend money abroad on countries that would not be able to repay it for a long time.”美国为海外国家花钱，而且长时间内得不到回报，这似乎是愚蠢的。故选D。10.【答案】B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.声明，陈
43、述，报表；B.争论；C.建议，示意；D.介绍，引进。由“why should we spend money on war-torn nations that really owe us reparations (赔款)? had been used after World War I towards Germany.”可以看出这是一次争论。故选B。11.【答案】D【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.强度，加剧；B.请求，需要；C.影响，势力；D.缺乏，不足。“caused a gigantic economic depression in Germany”德国巨大的经济萧条，可推断是因为缺乏援助
44、。12.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A.绝望的；B.无价值的；C.全世界的；D.有价值的。由前半句引起经济萧条，可知德国货币几乎无价值。故选B。13.【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。A.拒绝；B.雇佣；C.支持；D.充电，控告。由“The German people became so desperate that”他们在这种绝望的情况下，支持了极端的德国民族主义者希特勒。14.【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A.停止；B.警告；C.抵抗，忍耐；D.帮助。由前两句德国缺乏援助而最终爆发第二次世界大战，推断出如果这次不援助的遭受战争破坏的德国尤其是日本，会有第三次世界大战。故选D。15.【答案】A【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A.同样地；B.简单地；C.有规律地，定期地；D.未必，不太可能的。由前面二战的爆发，推断出如果受战争侵害的国家得不到援助，同样会有第三次世界大战。故选A。