1、时态语态时态名称时态用法（含义）主动结构被动结构及例句时间状语主动结构例句注意（考点）现在时一般现在1） 经常性、习惯性、反复性做的动作2） 现存的状态或特征3） 客观事实或普遍真理主语 + am / is / are主语 + _ (do)主语+ _ + _The pen is used to write.The books _ (read) by many people.every day / year, on Sundays, at weekends, on weekdays, always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never等频率副词1)
2、He goes to school every day.2) We are very happy.3) The earth _ (move) around the sun.1) 时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表示将来如: Ill visit you when you come back home. Please call on me if you are free.常出现的连词有：when, if, before, after, as soon as, until, though (although)现在进行1） 现在某时刻正在进行的动作2） 现阶段正在进行的动作主语 + am / is
3、 / are +_主语+am / is / are+ being doneMy homework is being done now.now, at the moment, these days, look, listen, hurry up等语境1) What are you doing now?2) He _ (learn) English these days.1) 表示感觉、愿望、状态的一些动词 如：hear like want have一般不用进行时态2) always, often等用于进行时，表示感情色彩。 The boy is always asking silly quest
4、ions. (表示厌烦)现在完成1） 过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果2） 过去已经开始，延续到现在的动作或状态主语 +_ + 过去分词主语+_+ _The house has already been built.The lost boys _ just _ (find).already, yet, ever, never just, before, for+时间段， since+时间点some times, so far (by now), in the past (last) ten years1) He has finished his homework.2) They _
5、 (live) here for two years.在肯定句中，第2）种用法使用延续性谓语动词，不能用短暂性动词; 还要注意短暂动词和延续动词的转化，如：come-be here, go-be there, buy-have, borrow-keep, die- be dead, become-be, leave-be away from, join-be ine.g.He came here two days ago.- He has been here for two days.过去时一般过去1） 过去某时发生的动作状态2） 过去经常或反复发生动作主语 + _ (be)主语 + 行为动词
6、过去式主语+_ + _The work was finished yesterday.China _ (found) on Oct. 1st, 1949.yesterday, in 1967, a moment ago, just now, at that moment, then, last week, in the past, at the age of, once upon a time1) I was ill last night.2) The girls _ (lie) on the grass just now.3) They were often late for school
7、last term.1) 表示过去经常发生的动作还可以用 used to do 但used to do 强调与现在的对比，暗示现在不是过去的情况了。如：He used to be late for school last term. 他上学期总迟到。（暗示现在不迟到了。）2) 在交际用语中，一般过去时体现委婉语气。 Could you tell me the way to the nearest bank?过去进行1） 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作2） 过去某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作主语 + was / were + _主语+was / were + being doneA meet
8、ing was being held at this time yesterday.at this time yesterday, at ten last Sunday, from 8 to 10 yesterday morning, when/while引导的时间状语从句1) He _ (study) at this time yesterday.2) They were having an exam from 8 to 10 yesterday morning.常用于when while 引导的时间状语从句及其主句中 如:He was reading when I came in.He c
9、ame in while I was reading. 过去完成过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作主语 + had + 过去分词主语+had + been doneFive new houses had been built by the end of last year.by the end of last termby the time+一般过去时的从句1) We had built five new houses by the end of last year. 2) By the time she arrived, the train had left.常用于宾语从句He sa
10、id that he had finished his homework也用于时间状语从句及其主句: He had finished it when I returned. / I retuned when he had finished it.将来时一般将来1） 将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态2） 将来的计划或打算主语 +_ + do主语+ am/is/are + going to do主语+_+ _主+am/is/are +going to be doneA doctor will be sent for in ten minutes.A new bridge _ (build) o
11、ver the river next year.tomorrow, next week, soon,in five days, in (the) future1) We will finish it tomorrow.2) He _ (be) six years old next year.3) Were going to have a picnic tomorrow.1） 表示位移的动词，如come, go, leave, arrive，用现在进行时表示短暂的将来 如：Im coming soon.2） begin, start, open, close等动词可以用一般现在时表示将来，指按计
12、划、规定要发生的动作 如：The train starts at 9 a.m.过去将来时 一般过去将来在过去某个时间看来，将要发生的动作或存在的状态主语 + would + do主语+ was/were going to do主语+ would + be done主+was/were +going to be doneHe said this island would be visited by many people soon.the next weekthe day beforeHe said that he would come if it didnt rain the next day. (宾语从句和条件状语从句嵌套)常用于宾语从句She said that she would visit China the next week.也用于状语从句Whenever he had time, he would do some reading.3
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