1、. 阅读理解(2016广东高三适应性测试)It is only praise or punishment that determines a childs level of confidence. There are some other important ways we shape our kidsparticularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words. For example，we can say to a child “Dont run into traffic
2、！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me. ” In using the latter，you will be helping your kids to think and act positively，and to feel competent in a wide range of situations，because they know what to do，and arent scaring themselves about what not to do. Why does such a small thing make a difference?
3、It is all in the way the human mind works. What we think，we automatically rehearse(预演). For example，if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes，you wouldnt be able to do it. When a child is told “Dont fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“dont” a
4、nd “fall off the tree”. That is，he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind. A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off. So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully”Clear，positive instructions help kids to unde
5、rstand the right way to do things. Kids do not always know how to be safe，or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words. So parents should make their commands positive. “Sam，hold on firm to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Dont you dare to fall out of the boat？” or wo
6、rse still “How do you think Ill feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious. Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words，so it pays to be positive. 语篇导读在对孩子们做出命令和指示时，我们所用的正面或负面的表达方式，会影响他们的自信心。1Positive choice of words help
7、s kids to . Ado things carefullyBbuild up their confidenceCimprove their imaginationDlearn in different situations解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，我们用积极的表达方式比用消极的否定形式更能够激发孩子们的自信心，故选B项。2What can we infer from Paragraph 2?AA child will act on what is instructed. BOne cant help imagining what is heard. CA child wi
8、ll fall off the tree when told not to. DOne wont think of a blue monkey when given money. 解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段第三句以及后面举的两个例子可知，当被告知不要做某事时，脑海却会浮现做某事的样子，故B项正确。3Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?AFasten your seat belt. BDont play by the lake. CHow do you think Ill feel if you get hurt?DDo
9、nt you dare to walk through the red light?解析：A细节理解题。根据文章主旨，明确的、肯定的命令更能让孩子们正确地行事，A项符合要求。B、C、D三项都是否定形式，且在倒数第二段都能找到类似的话，是作者不提倡的说法。4The main idea of the passage is that . Apraise makes kids confidentBright instructions keep kids safeCclear commands make kids differentDchoice of words can make a differen
10、ce解析：D主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要论述了不同的说话方式运用在教导孩子上的效果迥然不同，特别是正面的指令有助于良好的行为的形成，故选D项。(2017东北育才中学期中)My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. I enjoyed staying with my grandparents when I was a young child. 5 People knew everyone，their kids，their pets and their ancestors. The relationship with them continue
11、d to grow as I grew and got older. 6 She would make little sandwiches and wed have tea parties. Shed plant flowers and carefully tend them. I remember the small thimble(顶针) she would use while doing her needlework. Placing her thimble on her finger shed remark：“I wouldnt want to sew without one. ”A
12、few years ago when my grandmother passed away，I bid farewell to a loving grandmother. 7 We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier，on her 91st birthday. I missed her very much，but I noticed it particularly on my birthday，as there was no card from my grandmother. Shed never forgotten my
13、birthday!On one particular birthday when I was feeling a little low，something happened to make me feel like she was sharing that special day with me. 8 They were what she had made，and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow. It was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam(接缝) that I carefull
14、y opened，and to my delight out came a tiny silver thimble! 9 Not realizing it had fallen off her finger，she sewed it in that little pillow that I just “happened” to place on my bedspread that day. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others Ive collected over the years，where I could continue t
15、o see the gift God chose to reveal to me. What a precious memory of a very special lady who somehow，I knew，was delighted to sew her thimble inside my pillow!AHow quickly our lives can change!BI refused to go to the small town later. CI loved the small town they lived in. DI was arranging some colorf
16、ul pillows. EHow sad I was to be unable to see a loving grandmother. FGrandma was always using her hands for something exciting. GHow happy I was to find something that had been a part of her!语篇作者通过这篇文章来怀念自己的奶奶。奶奶的爱就在那杯热腾腾的浓茶里，在她做针线活的那枚顶针里。5解析：C开头提到了town，后面又说在那里大家彼此都很熟悉，故选C项。6解析：F本段内容主要讲述了奶奶给我们做三明治、
17、泡茶等等，故选F项。7解析：A根据上文说奶奶去世了，下文提到，在几个月前奶奶91岁生日时，我们还坐在一起喝茶。作者感叹人生变化之快。8解析：D由下文出现的关键词pillow可知选D项。9解析：G根据下文的“I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others Ive collected over the years，where I could continue to see the gift God chose to reveal to me. ”可知，作者发现奶奶的顶针后很开心。. 完形填空(状元桥原创)Weight Problems and O
18、besity in ChildrenThe number of children who are obese or overweight is growing at an alarming rate. Extra pounds put kids 1 serious health problems，including diabetes，heart disease，and asthma(哮喘). Childhood obesity also takes an emotional price. Overweight children are 2 teased and excluded from te
19、am activities，which can 3 low selfesteem，negative body image，and depression. 4 ，with the right support，encouragement，and positive role modeling，you can help your child 5 and maintain a healthy weight. Kids who are unhappy with their weight may also be more 6 to develop eating disorders and substance
20、(物质) abuse problems. Diagnosing and 7 weight problems and obesity in children as early as possible may reduce the risk of developing these and other serious medical 8 as they get older. 9 your childrens weight，though，let them know that you love them and that all you want to do is help them be 10 and
21、 happy. Children grow at different rates at different times，so it is not always easy to 11 if a child is overweight. Understanding how children become obese or overweight in the first place is an important 12 toward breaking the cycle. Most cases of childhood obesity are 13 by eating too much and ex
22、ercising too little. Children need enough food to 14 healthy growth and development. But when they 15 more calories than they burn throughout the day，the result is weight gain. Many factors contribute to this growing 16 between calories in and calories out：Busy families are cooking less and eating o
23、ut more. Easy access 17 cheap highcalorie fast food and junk food. Food portions are bigger than they used to be，both in restaurants and at home. Kids are 18 a huge amount of sugar in sweetened drinks and hidden in foods. Kids spend less time 19 playing outside，and more time watching TV，playing vide
24、o games，and sitting at the computer. Many schools are eliminating or 20 their physical education programs. 语篇导读体重超标使儿童处于严重的健康风险，包括糖尿病、心脏病和哮喘。超重的弊端很多，原因不同。关爱并鼓励孩子，找出原因是帮助他们减肥的关键。1Ain terms of Bin return forCat risk of Dat the mercy of解析：C句意：超重使孩子处于严重的健康风险，包括糖尿病、心脏病和哮喘。extra pound意为“超过的重量”，是不好的事情，它使得孩
25、子 “处在风险中”，故选C项。in terms of 从角度而言；in return for作为回报；at the mercy of受支配，在的控制下。2Afrequently Bparticularly Coccasionally Dslightly解析：A句意：儿童肥胖也需要付出一个情感代价。超重儿童经常受到嘲笑和被排除在团队活动之外。frequently频繁地，常常，意同“often”，符合题意。occasionally偶尔地，不足以表明问题的严重性。particularly特别地，特殊地；slightly稍微地，轻微地。3Alead to Bput through Ccount on
26、Ddeal with解析：A句意：超重儿童经常受到嘲笑和被排除在团队活动之外，从而导致自尊心受挫，负面的自我形象认知和抑郁。lead to引起，带来，符合题意。put through渡过(难关)；count on 指望，依靠； deal with处理，应对。4ATherefore BAccordingly CMoreover DHowever解析：D句意：然而，有了正确的支持、鼓励和积极示范作用，你可以帮助你的孩子达到和维持健康的体重。上下文是转折关系，故用however。A项和B项都表因果关系，意为“因此，相应地”；C项意为“此外”，表递进关系。5Aadmire Breach Climit
27、Dmeasure解析：B句意见上题。先达到，然后才能维持健康的体重，故B项符合行文逻辑。admire钦佩，欣赏；limit限制；measure衡量，测量。6Acurious Bfriendly Clikely Ddirect解析：C句意：对自己体重不满意的孩子也可能更容易患上饮食失调和药物滥用的问题。be more likely to do sth. 更有可能做某事，符合题意。7Arecognizing Bdelivering Ccirculating Dtreating解析：D句意：尽早诊断和治疗儿童的体重问题和肥胖可能会减少他们随着年龄的增长患上这些和其他严重疾病的风险，故D项符合题意。r
28、ecognize认识；deliver递送，接生，发表(演说等)；circulate循环。8Aemergency BconditionsCdepression Dconnections解析：B句意见上题。conditions状况，符合题意。emergency突发事件，紧急情况；depression忧郁，压抑；connections联系。9AWhatever BWhichever CWhenever DHowever解析：A句意：无论你的孩子的体重是多少，让他们知道你爱他们，所有你要做的是帮助他们保持健康和快乐。Whatever 在这里引导的是一个让步状语从句，意即：No matter what
29、your childrens weight is，故选A项。10Aeasygoing Bfriendly Chelpful Dhealthy解析：D句意见上题。 上文谈到的是病况，故这里用healthy 与之相对应。11Amention Brealize Ctell Dsettle解析：C句意：孩子在不同时期以不同的速率成长，因此要辨别一个孩子是否超重并不总是一件很容易的事情。这里的tell意为“辨别，识别”，故C项正确。12Aaward Bstep Cbenefit Dtrick解析：B句意：首先了解孩子是如何变得肥胖或超重是打破这个循环重要的一步。step步骤，措施，符合题意。13Ainc
30、reased Bheld Ccaused Ddirected解析：C句意：大多数儿童肥胖案例是由吃得过多和锻炼太少导致的。cause引起，带来，符合题意。14Asupport Bprovide Chighlight Dhonor解析：A句意：孩子们需要足够的食物来支持健康的成长和发育。support支持，符合题意。15Acall for Btake in Cset down Dattach to解析：B句意：但当他们摄入的卡路里比一天所燃烧的多时，结果就是体重增加。take in吸收，符合题意。call for需要；set down写下，放下；attach to附属于。16Abond Bstr
31、ength Cdrawback Dimbalance解析：D句意：许多因素造成卡路里的摄入和输出这一不断发展的不平衡。因为有了不平衡才导致体重的增加，故D项符合题意。17Aat Bthrough Cto Dwith解析：C句意：忙碌的家庭常常是在家烹饪少而外出就餐多，这样容易获得廉价的高热量的快餐和垃圾食品。考查固定搭配。access 后一般跟介词to。18Aordering Bconsuming Cincreasing Dseeking解析：B句意：孩子们获取了含糖饮料和食物中的大量糖分。consume吃光，喝光，符合题意。19Aactively BenergeticallyCconfide
32、ntly Doptimistically解析：A句意：孩子积极主动地花在外面玩的时间更少，而更多的时间是用在看电视，玩视频游戏，坐在电脑前。actively积极地；活跃地，符合题意。20Aresigning from Bcutting backCsearching for Dtiring of解析：B句意：许多学校取消或削减他们的体育课时安排。cut back 意同“reduce”，符合题意。resign from辞职，退出； search for寻找；tire of厌烦，厌倦。. 语法填空Now in our school there is a hot pursuit of fashion.
33、 Some students live 1. a very expensive life. They have hair styles like 2. those of famous stars，wear top brands of clothes and shoes，3. and some even use expensive bags and mobile phones. Personally，I understand why they do so. Firstly，they hope to look smart and special. Secondly，they 4. highly(h
34、igh) value others respect and 5. recognition(recognize). In addition，it makes them feel cool. From my point of view，we students should hold the right values. It is how we behave rather than how we appear 6. that makes us cool. It is what achievements we have made rather than what brands we are weari
35、ng that makes us 7. respectable(respect). It is how much we care for others rather than how much we spend 8. on gifts and luxuries that makes us charming. I think 9. it will make great sense to save the money to help those 10. who still cant make ends meet. Thank you for listening!1考查冠词。live a very
36、expensive life过着一种奢侈的生活。2考查代词。those指代hair styles。句意：他们留着和那些明星一样的发型。3考查连词。句意：穿着顶级品牌的衣服和鞋子，并且他们中的一些人用着昂贵的包和手机。4考查词性转换。此处副词修饰动词。highly高度地。5考查词性转换。and是并列连词，前后连接的词的词性保持一致；respect是名词，故此空用名词。6考查特殊句式。It isthat是强调句型。7考查词性转换。make sb. adj. 使某人。句意：使我们受到尊敬的是我们所取得的成就而不是我们所穿衣服的牌子。8考查固定搭配。spendon花费在上。句意：使我们更吸引人的是我们对别人的关爱而不是我们为他人买了多少礼物和奢侈品。9考查代词。it作形式宾语，指代后面的to save the money to help those。10考查关系代词。先行词是those，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语。