1、单元加餐练.阅读理解I am not interested in making the New Years decisions. But this year, there came a decisive moment. It came when my adult children, whod been home for two weeks, headed back to their homes. There was a sadness I felt as I waved their cars out of sight, not knowing when Id see them again. B
2、ut there was also a knowing in that moment that something in me needed to change. So I asked myself, “What is truly good in your life？”What is good is my relationships with my children, but not only those relationships. What also keeps my heart beating is creating a home, no matter who is there, and
3、 cooking balanced, plantbased meals, even if just for me. I find joy in nature and connections with close friends and family. I love doing photography and writing and teaching myself piano.Whatever was missing from my life, at the end of last year I knew about the parts that worked. As winter ended
4、and the visiting children prepared to leave, I looked to the future.I think of my friend, Lisa, who in May lost her husband of 30 years to cancer, and who found herself on New Years Eve with no one to be with. Her aloneness was lasting in that turningpoint moment, but her sadness was momentary (短暂的)
5、. “I realized I had a choice，” she told me. Instead of giving way to loneliness and despair, she chose to find something productive to do.We humans can become bored with defeat. We know something is just the other side. Like a new year, I have two choices. I can brand myself as the longsuffering mot
6、her who never figured out how to live on after her children left. Or I can take to the piano in the center of the house each day and practice Ode to Joy with one hand until such time as I feel ready to play with two.本文是一篇记叙文。新年过后，孩子们都离开家，作者孤独一个人在家，然而她没有向孤独和绝望屈服，而是选择做一些有意义的事情。1What can we know about
7、the author from the first paragraph?AShe didnt want to live a lonely life any more.BShe was curious about her life in the New Year.CShe had a difficult relationship with her children.DShe didnt think her life kept any promise any more.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段There was a sadness I felt as I waved their c
8、ars out of sight, not knowing when Id see them again. But there was also a knowing in that moment that something in me needed to change.可知，孩子们离开之后，作者感到悲伤，但就在那一刻，作者意识到自己内心需要改变，从而可以推断出，作者不想再过孤独的生活了。故选A。2How will the author probably change her life?ABy improving her physical health.BBy taking more musi
9、c classes when free.CBy spending more time with her children.DBy focusing on things that bring her happiness.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段I find joy in nature and connections with close friends and family. I love doing photography and writing and teaching myself piano.可知，作者在大自然中找到了快乐，与亲密的朋友和家人建立了联系，并且喜欢摄影、写作
10、和自学钢琴，故可知作者专注于能给她带来快乐的事情。故选D。3Why does the author mention her friend Lisa?ATo show there are people with worse lives than herself.BTo point out there are choices even when life is difficult.CTo prove being on ones own has a big influence on others.DTo stress the importance of family members on New Y
11、ears Eve.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段，特别最后一句Instead of giving way to loneliness and despair, she chose to find something productive to do.可知，作者的朋友丽莎没有向孤独和绝望屈服，而是选择做一些有意义的事情，可以推断出，作者提及朋友丽莎是为了指出，即使生活很艰难，我们也有很多选择。故选B。4How does the author feel about her future?AOptimistic.BDoubtful.CWorried.DHopeless.答案：A解析：推理判
12、断题。根据文章第三段Whatever was missing from my life, at the end of last year I knew about the parts that worked. As winter ended and the visiting children prepared to leave, I looked to the future.可知，从作者展望自己的未来可以推断出，作者对自己的未来是乐观的。故选A。.七选五Some Texting Rules You Should Be Following by Now.Dont text and drive_1
13、_. Dont do it.Personal safety always comes first and staying off your handheld while driving is extremely important. If you cant resist, then keep your phone where you cant reach it while youre driving._2_If youre texting someone who says “driving”， stop texting. Period. _3_. Just stop texting. You
14、can consider calling the person, but please bear in mind that some states have laws in place restricting talking on the phone while driving. But if you dont get a response.“Dont keep texting until they respond，” an article in LifeHack suggests. “_4_. And if theyre not, maybe they just dont feel like
15、 texting.” While not getting a response likely makes you feel anxious, and while many consider it rude, its also rude to continue bombarding someone with messages when that person is not replying to you.Avoid group texts“Most would say group texts are the worst，” notes an article in Mashable. “They
16、take up more time than you ever expected.” Reading through all of your messages is boring. _5_.AIts that simpleBDont even say “OK”CTheyre probably busyDThey seem to never endEStop driving immediatelyFJust think of any other means of communicationGDont put others in the situation of texting and drivi
17、ng这是一篇说明文。说明了应该遵守四则发短信的规则。1A解析：根据上文Dont text and drive不要开车发短信。可知下文要对这一行为进行说明：就那么简单，且与后文Dont do it.(别这么做。)也很吻合。故选A。2G解析：根据本段倒数第二句You can consider calling the person, but please bear in mind that some states have laws in place restricting talking on the phone while driving.(你可以考虑打电话给对方，但请记住，有些州有法律限制开车
18、时打电话。)可推测本段强调的是宁可打电话，也不要让他人陷入开车发短信的境地。故选G。3B解析：根据下文Just stop texting.(就只是停止发短信)可知当发现别人在开车的时候，停止发短信，即使是任何简短的句号、OK都不要发了。故选B。4C解析：根据上文“Dont keep texting until they respond，”an article in LifeHack suggests(LifeHack上的一篇文章建议：“在他们回复之前不要一直发短信。”)可推知对下文不回信息进行推测：可能是他们正在忙或者不想回。故选C。5D解析：根据上文They take up more tim
19、e than you ever expected.Reading through all of your messages is boring.(他们占用的时间比你想象的要多。阅读你所有的信息是无聊的。)可知群发的短信读来无聊，没完没了。好像永远都不会结束。故选D。.完形填空Cooperation and competition are _1_ important. Theyre necessary _2_ a person to achieve success in life.Learn to be cooperative with others. No one likes a selfis
20、h or greedy person. However, everyone likes a _3_ and friendly person. Everything we do today, _4_ in doing business or making friends, depends on our ability to _5_ with one another. In our society, most tasks need the cooperation of many people _6_ they can be finished successfully. So we must try
21、 to be cooperative. Each person _7_ a small part of a machine. If only one part is out of order, the machine cant be running well. _8_ transportation and communication systems are developing quickly and people all over the world can keep in line with each other _9_. Its hard for a person _10_ is awa
22、y from the society to have a deep understanding of the world he _11_. Cooperation _12_ more and more important for a person to get a good life.Being competitive also has a place in life. If you want to get more success and be better than others, you must work harder and study more _13_. The desire (
23、愿望) to succeed and do better than others _14_ us to work harder. If there were no competitions, a sports meeting would never be _15_ and successful, and we could never have champion.这是一篇议论文。文中提到合作和竞争这两大特征对于当代人的重要性。合作精神能让我们在社会这个大环境下与人相处得更好，而竞争这一精神则使得人们更加渴望成功，鼓励人们更努力地工作和学习。1A.all Bboth Cneither Deach答
24、案：B解析：考查副词辨析。句意：合作和竞争都非常重要。A.all全部，B.both两者都，C.neither两者都不，D.each每个。第一段第二句话提到“Theyre necessary.”they指代的是这两个特征，说明这两个特征都非常重要，故B项正确。2A.for Bof Cwith Dabout答案：A解析：考查介词辨析。句意：这两者对于人们取得成功的生活都非常重要。A.for对；为了，B.of的，C.with和一起，D.about关于。 for表示动作的对象或接受者，意为“给”“对 (而言)”，故A项正确。3A.creativeBcompetitive Coperative Dcoo
25、perative答案：D解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，每个人都喜欢有合作精神且友好的人。A.creative 创造性的，B.competitive有竞争性的，C.operative有效的，D.cooperative有合作精神的。文中提到“Learn to be cooperative with others. No one likes a selfish or greedy person.”要学会和别人合作，没有人喜欢一个自私或者贪婪的人，可推知关键字为cooperative，故D项正确。4A.if Bsince Cwhether Dwhere答案：C解析：考查连词辨析。句意：我们今天所做
26、的一切，无论是做生意还是交朋友，都取决于我们彼此合作交往的能力。A.if如果，B.since既然，C.whether或者(或者)，D.where(在)情况下。在该句中出现了由or连接的两种情况，whether可以表示对于情况的选择，故C项正确。5A.get over Bget on Cget back Dget off答案：B解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：我们今天所做的一切，无论是做生意还是交朋友，都取决于我们彼此合作交往的能力。A.get over克服，B.get on相处，C.get back取回，D.get off动身离开。由该句可知，做生意和交朋友都取决于与他人相处的能力，故B项正确。
27、6A.in order Bin order toCso that Dsuch that答案：C解析：考查连词辨析。句意：我们的社会里，大多数任务需要许多人的合作，这样他们才能顺利完成。A.in order按顺序，B.in order to为了，C.so that为了；因此，D.such that如此以至于。故选C。7A.likes Blike Clook like Dis like答案：D解析：考查动词和词组辨析。句意：每个人都像是机器里的小零件。A.likes喜欢，B.like喜欢，C.look like看起来像，D.is like就像是。此题考查like作动词及介词的区别，like作实义动
28、词时表示“喜欢”，与句意不符。look like强调的是外表上的相像，而人不可能在外表上像小零件。is like强调性质上的像，每个人在社会上都担任一定的社会职位，就相当于在机器中的小零件，故D项正确。8A.Except BBesides CBut DOr答案：B解析：考查介词辨析。句意：除了交通和通信系统发展迅速之外，世界各地的人们可以更容易地保持一致。A.Except除了；只是，B.Besides除之外(还)，C.But但是，D.Or或者。该句中有and连接两个句子说明在交通和通信发展之外，还有别的因素，A项意思表示除了，通常指所排除的事物不在所述范围之内，故B项正确。9A.easier
29、Bmuch betterCmore easily Dmore easy答案：A解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：除了交通和通信系统发展迅速之外，世界各地的人们可以更容易地保持一致。A.easier更简单的，B.much better更好，C.more easily更简单地，D.more easy无此形式。由于交通和通信系统的发展，才使得人们的沟通和交流更加的简便。easy是双音节形容词，其比较级直接改y为ier即可，因此more easy形式不对。故A项正确。10A.that Bwhich Cwhom Dwhy答案：A解析：考查关系代词辨析。句意：对于一个远离社会的人来说，要深刻地理解他生活的世界是
30、很困难的。A.that关系代词，指代人或物，B.which关系代词，指代物，C.whom关系代词，指代人，只能作宾语，D.why关系副词。在此从句中，缺少一个主语而前面的先行词person为人，that既可指人也可指物，故A项正确。11A.lives inBlives onClives through Dlives with答案：A解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：对于一个远离社会的人来说，要深刻地理解他生活的世界是很困难的。A.lives in住在地方，B.lives on以为生，C.lives through 度过，D.lives with 忍受，根据句意，故A项正确。12A.became B
31、to becomeChad become Dis becoming答案：D解析：考查动词时态辨析。句意：对于一个人来说，合作对于好的生活越来越重要。A.became变得(过去式)，B.to become变得(表目的)，C.had become已经变得(过去完成时)，D.is becoming正在变得(现在进行时)。分析该句，more and more表示一种向上发展的趋势，故D项正确。13A.fundamentallyBharmfullyCcarefully Dcarelessly答案：C解析：考查副词辨析。句意：如果你想成功，变得比别人更好，你就要更加努力工作，认真学习。A.fundamen
32、tally 根本地，B.harmfully有害地，C.carefully认真地，D.carelessly粗心地。分析句子可知，只有更加认真学习了才会变得更好，故C项正确。14A.admires Bencourages Cpermits Dseeks答案：B解析：考查动词辨析。句意：想要成功，超越别人的愿望激励着我们更加努力地工作。A.admires钦佩；欣赏，B.encourages鼓励；激励，C.permits允许；准许，D.seeks寻找。文中最后一段提到竞争精神，而竞争精神是人们不断前进的力量。故B项正确。15A.excitedBinterested Cexcite Dexciting答
33、案：D解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：如果没有比赛竞争，运动比赛将永远不会让人兴奋和成功，也永远不会有冠军了。A.excited激动的；兴奋的，B.interested感兴趣的，C.excite激发；刺激，D.exciting令人激动的。比赛会让人变得兴奋，excited修饰人，exciting修饰物，故D项正确。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。The everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责)being punctual, careful in doing work, selfdisciplined, and scrupul
34、ous (一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilitiesare typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. Its the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or upda
35、tes people who return after an absence, who never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semiskilled labor to sales and management, depends on c
36、onscientiousness. It is particularly important for outstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization: the secretary whose message taking is perfect, the delivery truck driver who is always on time. Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in tod
37、ays constantly changing market, because employees with this quality are among the most valued.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgm
38、ental when others dont show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize coworkers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationsh
39、ips.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising, openness to wild ideas and spontaneity (自发性) are scarce and in demand. Success in such occupations calls for a balance, however; without enough consc
40、ientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.Conscientious_people_have_a_lot_in_common:_they_are_strict_with_themselves_and_helpful_to_others_while_at_work._(要点1)_On_the_one_hand,_conscientiousness_contributes_to_better_job_performances_especially_for_those_who_work_at_lower_levels_and_therefore_means_lower_chance_of_unemployment.(要点2)_On_the_other_hand,_for_lack_of_adequate_social_skills_and_novel_ideas,_their_relationship_with_coworkers_can_be_unpleasant_and_their_work_less_satisfactory._(要点3)