江苏省淮安市2020届高三英语下学期5月调研试题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省淮安市2020届高三英语下学期5月调研试题（含解析）第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题、每小题1分，满分 15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从慰中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项签题卡上将该项涂黑。1.You could get into a situation_you have to decide immediately.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你很容易进入到这样一种情况中，在那种情况下，你需要快速地进行决定。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 situation 是抽象

2、地点名词，应用关系副词where，相当于 in which。故选C。【点睛】situation后接where定语从句的用法与考题名词 situation 后有时可接where引导的定语从句，where大致相当于 in which。如：He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might

3、 lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。2.He_himself advanced English all by himself by the time he turned 18.A. taughtB. had taughtC. has taughtD. would teach【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他在 18 岁之前已经自学高级英语课程。根据后文by the time可知应用完成时态，且“自学”发生在“turned”之前，即“过去的过去”故用过去完成时。故选 B。3.I can still remember my chi

4、ldhood life,_it was so long ago.A. if onlyB. as thoughC. even thoughD. in case【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：即使我的童年生活早就离我远去，但我还是能依稀记得那段时光。A. if only但愿 ；B. as though好像；C. even though即使；D. in case以防万一。根据句意，此处为让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even though引导。故选 C。【点睛】英语让步状语从句用法归纳1. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有 although, though, however (=no

5、 matter how), even if(即使), whetheror(不论还是)等连词。如：I cant find my pen though Ive looked everywhere. 我到处找那支钢笔,可就是找不到。He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。2. as 也可引导让步状语从句，但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到 as 前，若提前的是单数可数名词，要省略 a / an。如：Teacher as he is, he cant know everything

6、. 虽然是老师，他也不可能什么都懂。3. 连词 while 有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。如：While we dont agree we continue to be friends. 尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友。4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引导让步状语从句。如：We shall defend our city, whatever the cost may be. 不管代价如何,我们要捍卫我们的城市。The business would be a success, whoever owned i

7、t. 不论什么人经营，这生意都会成功。However hot it is, he will not take off his coat. 无论多热, 他也不会脱掉外衣。4.It has rained cats and dogs for days.I hope it will_next week.A. step upB. make upC. take upD. clear up【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近连着下了好几天雨，我真希望下周天气能放晴啊。A. step up加紧速度，提高，走进；B. make up化妆，弥补，编造；C. take up拿起，开始从事；D. c

8、lear up天气放晴，清理打扫。承接上文It has rained cats and dogs for days.可知是希望下周天气放晴。故选 D。5.There can be no doubt_teachers love hardworking students.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. whether【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：毫无疑问老师都喜欢用功的学生。固定句型There is no doubt that表示“毫无疑问”，that 后面的内容就是毫无疑问的事实。故选 B。6.The company is making a long-

9、term_to breaking into the American market.A. complaintB. commentC. commitmentD. contribution【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司正长期致力于打入美国市场。A. complaint抱怨；B. comment评价；C. commitment致力于，投入；D. contribution贡献，捐赠。结合后文to breaking into the American market可知该公司正长期致力于打入美国市场。故选 C。7.Bob often works but in the gym,so

10、 it is no wonder that he is_.A. in controlB. in panicC. in shapeD. in effect【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Bob经常在健身房运动，难怪他身材那么好呢。A. in control控制；B. in panic恐惧；C. in shape身材保持的好；D. in effect实际上，生效。结合上文Bob often works but in the gym可知是指Bob的身材好。故选 C。8.-Do you still want to become a professional footballer?-T

11、hat ambition has never died. Im still as_ and determined to make it.A. elegantB. embarrassedC. explicitD. enthusiastic【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你还想成为一个职业的足球运动员吗？我这个梦想从未破灭过。我仍一如既往地对足球怀有热情，并决心实现成为运动员的梦想。A. elegant优雅的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. explicit详尽的；D. enthusiastic热情的，兴奋的。根据上文That ambition has never d

12、ied.可知我仍然对足球怀有热情。故选 D。9.I was about to give up halfway when my teacher_ to encourage me to carry on.A. has comeB. comesC. was comingD. came【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：正当我打算半路放弃时，我的老师来到了我的身边给我鼓励，鼓励我继续前行，永不放弃。前半句 was about to 表示过去将来时，when 后面从句也需要用一般过去时，故用 came，故选 D。10.Helen borrowed my book the other day,

13、promising_it soon.A. to returnB. returnedC. returningD. having returned【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Helen在几天前借了我的书，答应我会马上还给我。后半句作非谓语，考查短语promise to do sth.表示“承诺做某事”，后跟不定式作宾语。故选 A。11.-I had butterflies in my stomach before I gave that talk.-I_nervous too if I had been in you shoes.A. wasB. would beC. had

14、beenD. would have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我在演讲前心里一直忐忑不安。如果当时我是你的话，我也会很紧张的。根据后文had been可知此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句用 had been，主句用 would have done sth，故选D。【点睛】if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表： 条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设had donewould/could/might/should have done与现在事实相反的假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do与将来事实相反的假设过去

15、时 (waswere ) ;should do;were to dowould/could/might/should do有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your re

16、commendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故D选项正确。12.I looked around at the large and beautiful homes, with my mind_with a question:Wouldnt I feel better about myself if I lived here?A. racingB. being racedC. to be racedD. raced【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我环顾四周，看了看这又大又美丽的房子，不停地追问自己这样一个问题如果我住在这儿，自己会感觉更好一些吗

17、？此处为with的复合结构，且mind与race构成主动关系，故用动词-ing 形式。故选A。【点睛】with复合结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。with结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词

18、不定式 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词13.According to a plan, Hainan_into a tourism and consumption destination with global influence by 2035.A. will buildB. will have been builtC. are builtD. have been built【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：根据计划，海南将要在 2035 年之前被建造成一个具有国际影响力的旅游和消费景点。根据后文By 2035可知表示在未来的某一时刻已经完成，要用将来完成时

19、，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。故选 B。14.His work has received only a tiny mention in the newspaper; actually he_more attention.A. reservesB. deservesC. observesD. preserves【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的作品在报纸上关注度不高；事实上，他应该值得更多的关注啊。A. reserves预定；B. deserves值得；C. observes观察；D. preserves保存。结合后文more attention可

20、知此处表示“值得”更多的关注应用动词deserve。故选 B。【点睛】deserve用法归纳deserve是一个动词，意思是“应得；应受；值得”。掌握deserve的使用方法，需要掌握的是：1、它做为及物动词(vt.)或不及物动词（vi.）的使用方法。我们知道及物动词就是后面可以直接加宾语的词，比如说: eat apple, drink water不及物动词就不能直接加宾语,需要一个小介词的，比如: look at the picture, listen to me1）deserve sth，deserve后接名词或代词，通常只用作及物动词，且不能用于进行时态。如：Youre very abl

21、e. You deserve a better job. 你很有能力，应该有一份更好的工作。Its your money. You deserve it. 这钱归你，你该拿这个钱。He has deserved well of his country. 他无愧于祖国。Do you think I deserve this? 你认为这是我应得的吗?注意：deserve sth = be deserving of sth，如：His brave act deserves praise. = His brave act is deserving of praise.他的英勇行为值得称赞。2）dese

22、rve to do sth.，deserve后接不定式，若该动词表示主动意义，则用不定式的主动式；若该动词表示被动意义，则用不定式的被动式。如：Those who work deserve to eat. 劳动者该得食。He deserves to be criticized. 他应当受到批评。2、主动语态和被动语态的使用方法。1) 前面说的 deserve sth/ be deserving of sth/deserve to do sth 都是主动态。2) deserve doing=deserve to be done主动表被动He deserved to be punished.=He

23、 deserved punishing.他应该受到惩罚。He deserved being recommended for a decoration.他有资格得到提名受勋。综合前面两点，deserve后面倒底是接to do sth还是doing或to bo done.就要看看句子是主达主动还是被动，是当及物动词用还是不及物动词用。另外deserve含有褒义和贬义，褒义的意思是（因某种努力、身份、天赋）应得的，贬义的意思是（因某种恶行、罪过）应受的，这要看联系上下文取其意。15.-I think youd better clean your room.-_Its clean enough.A.

24、What for?B. So what?C. You said it.D. You made it.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：我认为你最好要打扫一下你的房间了。为什么？我觉得已经够干净的了。A. What for?为什么？B. So what?那又如何？C. You said it.你说的对；D. You made it.你成功了！根据后文Its clean enough.可知对方不知道为什么要打扫房间。故选 A。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Sup

25、erstar Pink joined a lot of celebrities(名人) and world leaders who were infected with COVID-19(新冠肺炎).Two weeks ago, she and three-year-old son Jameson _16_symptoms of the disease After_17_with healthcare professionals, the two were able to_18_a test Pink tested positive for coronavirus(冠状病毒).She_19_t

26、heir experiences online, stating “Just a few days ago, we were re-tested and are now_20_negative.” Pink added that she was_21_a huge amount to two different COVID-19 emergency funds(基金会). Various stars have also tried to encourage people to take extra _22_against COVID-19.“It is not wise of our gove

27、rnment not to make testing more widely accessible,” Pink said. “This illness is _23_and real. People need to know that the illness _24_the young and old, healthy and unhealthy, rich and poor, and we must make testing free to _25_our children, our families, our friends and our communities.”Testing fo

28、r coronavirus is a major _26_ across the world. The WHO_27_urges World governments to conduct mass testing to_28_COVID-19,along with contact tracing, Widespread disinfection, lockdown and quarantine measures, social distancing, and hand hygiene.Previous to Pink, a number of other celebrities have te

29、sted_29_for the virus. Various world leaders have been infected_30_including the British Prime Minister.Pink expressed her _31_for the people working on the front lines. Thank you to all of our healthcare professionals and everyone in the world who are working so hard to protect our loved ones. “You

30、 are our_32_!” she wrote, she also urged the_33_of the population to do their part to _34_ the spread of the disease.So _35_ man is facing a dark time right now, theres one thing for sure that he is going to win this wan against COVID-19 in the end!16. A. improvedB. showedC. describedD. reported.17.

31、 A. consultingB. quarrelingC. dealingD. agreeing18. A. refuseB. giveC. markD. get19. A. posedB. mailedC. typed.D. gained20 A. equallyB. unfortunatelyC. thankfullyD. merely21. A. donatingB. lendingC. loaningD. paying22. A. picturesB. notesC. tripsD. measures23. A. commonB. seriousC. geneticD. mild24.

32、 A. killsB. punishesC. affectsD. ruins25. A. cureB. protectC. treatD. love26. A. concernB. phenomenonC. symptomD. illness27. A. hesitantlyB. graduallyC. stronglyD. quickly28. A. discourageB. encourageC. catchD. battle29. A. activeB. positiveC. negativeD. passive30. A. as muchB. as farC. as wellD. as

33、 good31. A. loveB. hatredC. pityD. gratitude32. A. heroesB. enemiesC. doctorsD. workers33. A. halfB. minorityC. majorityD. growth34 A. reduceB. preventC. keepD. slow35. A. asB. onceC. becauseD. although【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31.

34、D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了明星Pink患新冠肺炎的过程以及她的感悟。她认为政府不让更多人接受检测是不明智的，指出我们必须免费检测，以保护我们的孩子，我们的家人，我们的朋友和我们的社区。Pink还表达了她对前线工作人员的感激之情，敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力量来阻止疾病的传播。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周前，她和三岁的儿子Jameson显示出了这种疾病的症状。A. improved改善；B. showed显示，展示；C. described描述；D. reported报告。根据第一句可知 Pink 感染了新冠肺炎，因此

35、这里指两周前她显示出了这种病的症状，故选 B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在咨询了医疗专业人士后，两人接受了检测。A. consulting咨询；B. quarreling争吵；C. dealing处理；D. agreeing同意。healthcare professionals 是医护人员的意思，根据后面他们做了检测可知，这里是在和医护人员咨询后，短语consult with sb 表示“向某人咨询、请教”。 故选A。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在咨询了医疗专业人士后，两人接受了检测。A. refuse拒绝；B. give给予；C. mark标志；D. get接受。根据后

36、面的检测为阳性可知，这里是他们接受了测试，因此选 get。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在网上分享了他们的经历，并写道:“就在几天前，我们再次接受了测试，谢天谢地现在的结果是阴性的。”A. posed发帖；B. mailed邮寄；C. typed打字；D. gained获得。根据后文their experiences online 可知Pink在网上发布了自己的经历，故选A。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在网上分享了他们的经历，并写道:“就在几天前，我们再次接受了测试，谢天谢地现在的结果是阴性的。”A. equally同样地；B. unfortunately不幸地；

37、C. thankfully感谢地；D. merely仅仅。根据前面呈阳性，现在是阴性可知，这里要填一个褒义词，Pink 应该是对此觉得感恩，因此选 thankfully。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pink补充说，她向两个不同的COVID-19紧急基金捐赠了一大笔钱。A. donating捐款；B. lending出借；C. loaning贷款；D. paying支付。根据后文a huge amount to two different COVID-19 emergency funds加上 Pink 是一个超级巨星，可知是她捐了一大笔钱给COVID-19紧急基金会。故选A。【

38、22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多明星也在努力鼓励人们采取更多的措施来抵抗新冠病毒。A. pictures照片；B. notes笔记；C. trips旅行；D. measures措施。根据前面 Pink 捐款，以及这里的 also 和 against COVID-19 可知，是说很多明星也鼓励人们采取更多的措施来抵抗新冠病毒。短语take measures 表示“采取措施”。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种病是很严重和真实存在的。A. common普通的；B. serious严重的；C. genetic遗传的；D. mild温和的。Pink 前一句说政府不进行大量检测

39、是不明智的，并且所填的词和 real 并列，因此她要说的是这个病是真实存在的，很严重的。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们需要知道疾病影响着年轻人和老年人，健康的和不健康的，富裕的和贫穷的，我们必须让测试免费来保护我们的孩子，我们的家庭，我们的朋友和我们的社区。A. kills杀死；B. punishes惩罚；C. affects感染；D. ruins毁灭。根据空后面的宾语是老少，健康或不健康的人，穷人富人可知，且主语是新冠肺炎可知，这里是说这个病会感染各种人。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们需要知道疾病影响着年轻人和老年人，健康的和不健康的，富裕的和贫穷的，

40、我们必须让测试免费来保护我们的孩子，我们的家庭，我们的朋友和我们的社区。A. cure治愈；B. protect保护；C. treat治疗；D. love爱。根据后文our children, our families, our friends and our communities.可知因此是我们必须免费测试来保护我们的孩子，我们的家庭，我们的朋友和我们的社区。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：检测冠状病毒是全世界关心的一个主要问题。A. concern关心；B. phenomenon现象；C. symptom症状；D. illness疾病。结合后文across the worl

41、d可知检测新冠病毒是一个全世界主要关心的事。故选 A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：世卫组织迅速敦促世界各国政府对新冠肺炎进行大规模检测，并追踪冠状病毒。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. strongly强烈地；D. quickly快速地。所填空修饰谓语动词 urges，且urge 这个词本身就表示了强烈的要求，所以不选strongly，而应该用quickly，表示世卫组织快速地敦促各国政府对新冠肺炎进行大规模检测，并追踪接触者。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：世卫组织迅速敦促世界各国政府对新冠肺炎进行大规模检测，并追踪冠状病毒。A.

42、 discourage阻止；B. encourage鼓励；C. catch追踪，抓住；D. battle斗争。所填空的宾语是COVID-19，可知此处指做大量测试来追踪冠状病毒。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Pink之前，其他一些名人也曾对该病毒检测呈阳性。A. active活跃的；B. positive阳性的；C. negative否定的；D. passive消极的。根据前面 Pink 确诊了可知，这里是在 Pink 之前，很多其他名人也检测呈阳性，positive 的熟词僻义，在医学实验等检测中，表示阳性。故选B。【30题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：包括英国首相在内的世界

43、各国领导人也受到了感染。A. as much也，同样多的；B. as far一样远；C. as well也；D. as good一样好。前面是名人确诊，而这里是领导人也确诊感染了，因此填 as well，表“也”。故选C。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pink表达了她对前线工作人员的感激之情。A. love爱；B. hatred憎恨；C. pity遗憾；D. gratitude感谢。根据后文Thank you to all of our healthcare professionals and everyone in the world who are working so hard t

44、o protect our loved ones.可知，这里Pink表达了对一线工作人员的感谢。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们是我们的英雄！”她写道，她还敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力量来阻止疾病的传播。A. heroes英雄；B. enemies敌人；C. doctors医生；D. workers工人。You 指前线工作人员，而且前面 Pink 在表达感谢，因此这里是将医护人员称为“英雄”最符合语境。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们是我们的英雄！”她写道，她还敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力量来阻止疾病的传播。A. half一半；B. minority少数；C

45、. majority大多数人；D. growth生长。根据前面感谢医护人员，以及该句的 also 可知，这里是 Pink 鼓励大多数人也去尽自己的一份力来阻止疾病传播。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们是我们的英雄！”她写道，她还敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力量来阻止疾病的传播。A. reduce减少；B. prevent阻止；C. keep保持；D. slow缓慢的。宾语是新冠肺炎的传播，因此这里填 prevent 表阻止，并且是固定搭配 prevent the spread of the disease/ prevent the disease from spreading，

46、其余选项不能接 spread。故选B。【35题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：因此，尽管人类现在面临着黑暗的时刻，但有一件事是肯定的，那就是他最终将赢得这场对抗COVID-19的战争！A. as作为；B. once曾经；C. because因为；D. although虽然。此处为让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although。故选D。阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）以真阅读下列短文，从领文后务照所给的A.B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在客题卡上将该项涂黑。AFESTIVALS IN LONDONLondon hosts each year a variety of celebr

47、ations and festivals. All of them are national and Foreign holidays. Below we show you the most amazing holidays and festivals in London.New Years Day ParadeThis Parade is a free event which takes place annually on I January since 1987.M lasts about 2 hours 30 minutes, featuring more than 10.000 Par

48、ticipants representing 20 countries worldwide. There are marching bands, cheerleading groups, vehicles, animals, clowns and giant inflatables(充气物).Oxford and Cambridge Boat RaceSince 1829 each spring the two Englands most famous universities race along a 6.7 kilometer stretch of the Thames River in

49、what is perhaps the most famous rowing event in the world. The race attracts a massive crowd of around a quarter of a million fan to the banks of the ThamesLondon MarathonThe Flora London Marathon, one of the World Marathon Majors, has been held each year since 1981. Currently around 32,000 runners

50、take part in this annual event, including professionals and amateurs. There are live bands entertainment and thousands of cheering fans. It is also one of the largest events to collect money in the world in order to attract more funds, some runners dress up in fancy costumes.WimbledonWimbledon runs

51、annually from late June through early July, Wimbledon is the oldest and most famous tennis tournament in the world, the only Grand Slam event played on grass courts. Started in 1877, he event is often attended by members of the Royal Family, Wimbledon traditions include the eating of strawberries an

52、d cream that can be accompanied by an optional glass of champagne.36. Which of the four festivals has the longest history?A. New Years Day Parade.B. Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race.C. London Marathon.D. Wimbledon.37. London Marathon is different from the other three in that_.A. it has the purpose of

53、donating money to other eventsB. it attracts many more fans from around the worldC. it is the only festival accompanied by live bandD. it has the function of raising money【答案】36. B 37. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要介绍了四个在伦敦盛行的节日活动的相关信息【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知四个节日的时间分别是 1987 年，1829 年，1981 年和1877 年开始的。根据Oxford and Ca

54、mbridge Boat Race中的“Since 1829 each spring the two Englands most famous universities race along a 6.7 kilometer stretch of the Thames River in what is perhaps the most famous rowing event in the world.”自1829年春天以来，这两所英国最著名的大学沿着泰晤士河6.7公里的河段进行比赛，这也许是世界上最著名的划船项目由此可知，牛津和剑桥的划船比赛始于1829 年，是四个节日中历史最悠久的。故选B。【

55、37题详解】细节理解题。根据London Marathon部分中It is also one of the largest events to collect money in the world in order to attract more funds, some runners dress up in fancy costumes.可知它也是世界上最大的募捐活动之一，为了吸引更多的资金，一些跑步者穿着奇装异服。由此可知，伦敦马拉松与其他三个节日活动不同因为它有筹款的功能。故选 D。BOver the past few months huge groups of locusts(蝗虫),

56、 one of which occupied an area more than three times the size of New York City, have eaten up crops across the Home of Africa and the Middle East, leaving an estimated 20 million people at risk of famine(饥荒). The first generations eggs are starting to hatch, and now even bigger swarms(虫群) are formin

57、g threatening. Countries from the Democratic Republic of Congo to Yemen, Iran, Pakistan and India, “representing a threat to food security and livelihoods,” says the U.N.s Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).Desert locusts populations explode when weather conditions are right. That explosion can

58、create huge swarms that can travel great distance-more than 90 miles in a day-in search of food. Warm weather and unusually heavy rains in the Horn of Africa at the end of 2019 provided the moist(湿润的) soil necessary for hatching eggs. From there, the insects spread rapidly, resulting in one of the w

59、orst outbreaks the region has seen in more than 70 years.A typical swarm numbering 4 billion to 8 billion locusts, can consume in one day the same amount of food as 35 million people. Some swarms have been so thick in parts of Kenya that they have prevented planes from taking off. Governments have u

60、sed widespread aerial spraying of pesticides when available; in poorer regions, where aircraft are unavailable, soldiers battle the swarms with handheld spray pump.The FAO has appealed for $138 million to support affected communities, If the locusts are not stopped before the next generation hatches

61、, the impact could be terrible: the FAO guesses that an additional 25 million people across the region could lose their crops. Scientists in Kenya hope a new computer-assisted tracking program that combines satellite data with weather-mapping software will help predict the swarms next destination, b

62、uying-regional authorities enough time to prepare a response. Buy coronavirus- related travel restriction have delayed relief efforts as well as response mechanisms. The locusts have no such travel limitations.38. The author uses many statistics in the passage to show_A. the disastrous consequence o

63、f the outbreaks of locustsB. the serious conditions facing the New York CityC. the speed of swarms of locusts travellingD. the exact number of crops consumed by locusts39. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The great distances locusts can travel.B. The explosion of locusts population.C. The perfect

64、 conditions for hatching their eggs.D. The result of the unusual outbreaks of locusts.40. What does the last paragraph imply?A. The travel restrictions may probably worsen the urgent situation.B. It is unlikely to predict the swarms next destination now.C. A lot of money has been raised after the FA

65、Os appealD. Its not difficult for humans to win the battle against the locust【答案】38. A 39. C 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了目前蝗虫泛滥的情况，以及蝗虫泛滥的严重程度、蝗虫泛滥的天气原因、给人带来的后果和组织打算做出的应对措施。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Over the past few months huge groups of locusts, one of which occupied an area more than three times the siz

66、e of New York City, have eaten up crops across the Home of Africa and the Middle East, leaving an estimated 20 million people at risk of famine.可知在过去的几个月里，成群结队的蝗虫吞噬了整个非洲和中东地区的庄稼，使大约2000万人面临饥荒的危险。其中一个蝗虫群占据的面积是纽约市的三倍多。第一段用具体数据描述了蝗虫占据的面积之大，覆盖面之广、迫使上百万人饥荒，这些都表明了蝗虫爆发给人类带来的灾难性后果。由此可推知，作者在文章中用了很多数据是为了说明蝗虫爆

67、发的灾难性后果。故选 A。【39题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中Warm weather and unusually heavy rains in the Horn of Africa at the end of 2019 provided the moist soil necessary for hatching eggs. From there, the insects spread rapidly, resulting in one of the worst outbreaks the region has seen in more than 70 years.可知2019年底，温暖的天

68、气和罕见的大雨为非洲之角提供了孵化虫卵所需的湿润土壤。从那里开始，这种昆虫迅速蔓延，导致了该地区70多年来最严重的疫情之一。由此可知，第二段主要描述的是蝗虫大规模孵化的有利条件。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Buy coronavirus- related travel restriction have delayed relief efforts as well as response mechanisms. The locusts have/no such travel limitations.可知与冠状病毒相关的旅行限制延误了救援工作和应对机制。蝗虫没有这样的旅行限制。

69、由此可推知，旅行限制可能会使紧急情况恶化。故选A。【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第三小题，根据最后一段中Buy coronavirus- related travel restriction have delayed relief efforts as well as response mechanisms. The locusts have/

70、no such travel limitations.可知与冠状病毒相关的旅行限制延误了救援工作和应对机制。蝗虫没有这样的旅行限制。由此可推知，旅行限制可能会使紧急情况恶化。故选A。CDog owners swear that their furry best mend is in tune with their emotions, Now it seems this sense of interspecies connection is real: dogs can smell your emotions, and adopt them as their ownWe already know

71、 dogs can see and hear the signs of human emotions says Biagio DAniello at the University of Naples Federico II, Italy. But nobody had studied whether dogs could pick up on olfactory(嗅觉的) signals from humans.“The role of the olfactory system has been largely undervalued, maybe because our own specie

72、s is more focused on the visual system.” says DAniello. However, dogs sense of smelling is far superior to ours, DAniello and his colleagues tested whether dogs could really sniff out our emotions. First, human volunteers watched videos designed to induce fear, happiness or a neutral response and th

73、e team collected samples of their sweat. Next, the researchers presented these sweat samples to dogs ,and monitored their behavior and heart rates. Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those sniffing happy or neutral smells. They also had higher heart rates, and made less soc

74、ial contact with strangers.DAniellos study suggests humans can unconsciously, hijack their dogs emotion by releasing smells .A second study suggests dogs can return the favour, using their expressive faces.Juliane Kaminski at the University of Portsmouth, UK, and her colleagues have found that dogs

75、faces fare most expressive when they know people are looking at them.The researchers introduced dogs to a human who was either looking at them or facing away and either offering food or nothing. The team analyzed how much the dogs facial movements varied in the four situations. They found that the d

76、ogs facial expressions varied most when the person was looking at them. Kaminski says there was no sign of a “dinner table effect”, which “would predict that dogs try and look super-cute when they want something from the humans”.Its not clear precisely how dogs visually signal us and how we respond,

77、 says Monique Udell of Oregon State University in Corvallis. “This kind of research is needed to fully understand the nature of the human-dog relationship.”41. How did DAniellos research team carry out their study on dogs ability of sniffing out humans emotions?A. By analyzing the sweat samples from

78、 the dogs.B. By monitoring dogs response Co the same videosC. By letting the dogs watch the volunteers expressive faces.D. By watching the dogs reactions to the given sweat samples.42. The underlined word hijack probably means?A. Study.B. Control.C. Find.D. Display,43. What can we infer from the sec

79、ond study?A. Dinner-table effect really exists.B. Dogs are very sensitive to human attention.C. Dogs showed no facial expression when offered nothingD. Dogs facial expressions vary most when they want attention.44. What is still puzzling scientists according to the passage?A. How dogs react to human

80、 smells.B. How dogs respond to humans attention.C. How dogs hear and see the signs of humans emotions.D. How dogs communicate with humans by the sense of slightly.【答案】41. D 42. B 43. B 44. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。有研究证明了人和狗跨物种的联系是真实存在的：狗可以嗅到你的情感，并将其作为自己的情感。本文主要通过Biagio DAniello进行的两个实验，来证明了狗能识别人类的嗅觉信号。第一个研究发

81、现人类的情绪反应会影响到狗的情绪，第二个研究则表明狗对人类的注意力非常敏感。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中First, human volunteers watched videos designed to induce fear, happiness or a neutral response and the team collected samples of their sweat. Next, the researchers presented these sweat samples to dogs ,and monitored their behavior and heart

82、rates. Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those sniffing happy or neutral smells. They also had higher heart rates, and made less social contact with strangers.可知首先，研究人员让志愿者们观看一些旨在引起恐惧、快乐或中性反应的视频，然后收集他们的汗液样本。接下来，研究人员将这些汗液样本展示给狗狗，并监测它们的行为和心率。与闻着快乐或中性气味的狗相比，闻着恐惧气味的狗表现出更多的压力迹象

83、，它们的心率也更高，与陌生人的社交接触也更少。由此可知，D aniello的研究小组通过观察狗对给定的汗液样本的反应，来对狗嗅出人类情感的能力进行研究的。故选D。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those sniffing happy or neutral smells. They also had higher heart rates, and made less social contact with strangers.可知相比闻着快乐或中性气味的狗，闻着恐惧气

84、味的狗表现出更多的压力迹象。他们的心率也更高，与陌生人的社交接触也更少。由此可知，人类的情绪反应会影响到狗的情绪。所以DAniello的研究表明人类可以无意识地，控制狗的情绪。故划线单词的意思为“控制”。故选B。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Juliane Kaminski at the University of Portsmouth, UK, and her colleagues have found that dogs faces fare most expressive when they know people are looking at them.可知英国朴茨茅斯大学的

85、Juliane Kaminski和她的同事们发现，当狗知道人们在看它们时，它们的面部表情会表现得最为丰富。以及倒数第二段中They found that the dogs facial expressions varied most when the person was looking at them.可知他们发现，当人们看着狗的时候，狗的面部表情变化最大。由此可推知，第二项研究表明狗对人类的注意力非常敏感。故选B。44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Its not clear precisely how dogs visually signal us and how we respond

86、, says Monique Udell of Oregon State University in Corvallis.可知位于科瓦利斯的俄勒冈州立大学的Monique Udell说，目前还不清楚狗是如何在视觉上向我们发出信号以及我们是如何反应的。由此可知，科学家目前不清楚狗如何通过轻微的感觉与人交流的。故选D。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或thats to say, such as等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,

87、the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第二小题，

88、根据第三段中Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those sniffing happy or neutral smells. They also had higher heart rates, and made less social contact with strangers.可知相比闻着快乐或中性气味的狗，闻着恐惧气味的狗表现出更多的压力迹象。他们的心率也更高，与陌生人的社交接触也更少。由此可知，人类的情绪反应会影响到狗的情绪，所以DAniello的研究表明人类可以无意识地，控制狗的情绪。故划线单词的

89、意思为“控制”。故选B。DJohn Perry decided it was time to go home. It had been a perfect day. He had filled his bag with all sorts of seashells, enough to study for a month. The island had been a good place to find shell but mow the sun was going down, he must leave before it got dark. He came to the sand reef

90、 that connected the island and the shore of the mainland. He stopped for a moment to enjoy the sunset on the ocean water. Then he began to walk along the sand reef toward the shore.He hurried on. Then, suddenly he stepped into the water. Before he knew what had happened, he dropped down and down. Th

91、e water was covering his head. He rose to the top of the water, struggling to get back on to the dry sand, surprised. To his horror he saw long grey sharks there in the sea, but where was the sand reef? What had happened to it?He began to walk back toward the island. While he had searched for shells

92、 on the island, the strong ocean waves had washed a large part of the sand reef away. He did not know much about Sharks/but he was a good swimmer. He tried to remember what he had read about sharks. Did sharks find their food by smelling it? If they did, it meant they looked for food at all times, e

93、ven during the night,Most of the night he lay down and looked up at the stars thinking. He thought of the people in the village. He was their doctor, the only doctor in the village felt good to be needed. He thought of wood for a fire, wood to signal for help, but there was no wood. At last he thoug

94、ht of sleep. He slept until the sun rose.The sharks were there because the fish were there. The same waves that had washed the sand reef away had somehow pushed large schools of fish into the area. He watched the sharks kill.He looked at the sea, if he swam to shore, he would be in the water 5,6 min

95、utes. A lot could happen during that time. A wind blew across the water. Small waves rushed across the top and stopped him from seeing the bottom. He hoped the wind would stop. Somehow, clear water seemed less dangerous.But first, he looked all around before he took off all his clothes He kept only

96、his belt and his small knife. He silently slipped into the water. He went deep down and looked around. He was about to rise to the top and start swimming when he saw a long grey body below him. He kicked himself up to the top and struggled to the sand. He stood up and looked around again. How could

97、he make the sharks move out to sea? He put the knife against his leg and cut deep into the flesh, blood running out. He caught it on his white shirt. When the shirt was red and wet, he tied some cloths around his leg to stop the flow of blood. He tied a long piece of cloth to the shirt, then he thre

98、w the shirt into the water and pulled it with a piece of cloth.The sharks smelled the blood; they came racing toward the shirt. He was leading then away from shore. Suddenly he dropped the cloth turned toward shore and ran as fast as he could He jumped into the water and swam. He kicked and shouted

99、as loud as he could. He touched the shore with his fingers and pulled himself up the stones.The shark was excited by the smell of blood and the chase went after him; its great body crushed against the stones. The other sharks jumped on it The end came quickly as the sharks blood turned the water red

100、. The injured shark was eaten alive as it tried to escape.Perry slowly got to his feet. So, he said, “you did not get me.”He looked down at the sharks still eating even though they were full of food.45. What happened to the sand reef while John Perry was searching for seashells?A. It was destroyed b

101、y the ocean waves.B. It was covered by the rising tide of the ocean.C. It fell down hen sharks were running after fishes aroundD. It was washed away by the ocean waves created by the sharks.46. What made him think he was important to the villagers?A. His seashells.B. His swimming skill.C. His braver

102、y.D. His occupation.47. Why didnt he choose to escape in the night?A. Darkness made no difference to sharks at all.B. Darkness would increase the risk of his behavior.C. Sharks could still see him clearly in the darknessD. Sharks seldom attacked humans during the daytime.48. Where should the sentenc

103、e He decided to swim. be put in the passage?A. B. C. D. 49. What do you think of John Perry?A. Cruel and violent.B. Clever and smart.C. Skilled but careless.D. Courageous but silly.50. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. A narrow escape from hungry sharksB. An unforgettable day with shar

104、ksC. A close fight against fierce sharksD. An unexpected meeting with sharks【答案】45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了医生 John Perry 在捡贝壳时，偶然被鲨鱼群困在孤岛，最终他通过自己的机智勇敢，巧妙使用策略鲨口逃生的故事。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中While he had searched for shells on the island, the strong ocean waves had washed a large

105、 part of the sand reef away.可知当他在岛上寻找贝壳的时候，强烈的海浪把大部分的沙礁冲走了。由此可知，当John Perry在寻找贝壳的时候，珊瑚礁被海浪摧毁了。故选A。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中He thought of the people in the village. He was their doctor, the only doctor in the village felt good to be needed.可知他想到了村子里的人们。他是他们的医生，是村里唯一一个医生，被需要的感觉很好。由此可知，他的职业使他认为自己对村民很重要。故选D。【

106、47题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中He tried to remember what he had read about sharks. Did sharks find their food by smelling it? If they did, it meant they looked for food at all times, even during the night.可知他努力回忆他读过的有关鲨鱼的书。鲨鱼是通过嗅觉找到食物的吗？如果它们这样做了，这意味着它们在任何时候都在寻找食物，甚至是在夜间。由此可知，他不在夜里逃走，因为黑暗会增加他行为的风险。故选B。【48题详解】推理判断

107、题。根据第六段内容可知第六段主要写了John 分析周边海水环境，似乎是适合游泳的，根据第七段空格后第一句话But first, he looked all around before he took off all his clothes可知但是在他脱下所有的衣服之前，他先环顾了一下四周。由此可知，John在分析了海水环境后，还是准备游泳，因此判断出“He decided to swim.”应该放在第七段前面，更为符合语境。故选 C。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数四段中The sharks smelled the blood; they came racing toward the shi

108、rt. He was leading them away from shore. Suddenly he dropped the cloth turned toward shore and ran as fast as he could.可知鲨鱼闻到了血腥味；他们朝着衬衫游去。他当时正领着他们离开海岸。突然，他扔下布，转身向岸边游去。John通过捅伤自己，用血引诱鲨鱼，从而逃生可以推断出他是一个聪明机敏的人，选 B。【50题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要叙述了医生 John Perry 在捡贝壳时，偶然被鲨鱼群困在孤岛，最终他通过自己的机智勇敢，巧妙使用策略鲨口逃生的故事。再结合文章最后一段He

109、looked down at the sharks still eating even though they were full of food.可知他低头看着那些鲨鱼，尽管它们已经吃饱了，但还在吃。这些鲨鱼哪怕吃饱了也会不停的进食，所以是“hungry shark”。故A选项“从饥饿的鲨鱼手中逃过一劫”最符合文章标题。故选A。第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。The development of penicillin(192

110、8-1945)In 1928Alexander Fleming was spending several weeks growing bacteria in piles of dishes for his experiment when he noticed a dish didnt look normal with blue mould in .Much to his astonishment, the mould killed the bacteria surrounding it. After discussing the blue mould with mould expert C.

111、J. La Touche who had his office below Flemings, they determined the mould to be a Penicillin mould. Fleming then called the active antibacterial agent in the mould, penicillin. He continued to run numerous experiments to determine the effect of the mould on other harmful bacteria. Surprisingly, the

112、mould killed large number of them. He found the mould to be nontoxic and contain a powerful antibiotic.In 1929, Fleming wrote a paper on his findings, which did not get any scientific interest. His penicillin was still in his lab far from an effective medicine because the development of Penicillin a

113、s a drug faced two problems. First, it was difficult for him to purify penicillin to work as a medicine. Second, he was not able to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effectiveFleming was praised for the discovery, but it was Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and their Colleagues at th

114、e Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University who managed to turn penicillin from a lab curiosity into an effective drug. In 1940,they worked with penicillin. Solving these problems and stepping up its large-scale productionThe increasingly obvious value and demand of penicillin in Wor

115、ld War II accelerated the process of its mass production, which began in 1944.The wide use of penicillin during World War II saved many lives. Without it, many people would have died due to bacterial infections in even minor wounds.Fleming discovered penicillin. Florey and Chain made it a usable pro

116、duct with a nickname of “wonder drug”. All three of them were awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.The development 6f penicillin(1928-1945)The _51_of penicillin While growing bacteria for his experiment,Fleming noticed something _52_in a dish,killing the bacteria surrounding it.The

117、 blue mould,which Fleming found in the lab by _53_ rather than on purpose, was named penicillin.The _54_with Fleming s further research Fleming had _55_ making penicillin meet medicine standards of purity.He couldnt produce the desired quantities of penicillin to be _56_The mass production of penici

118、llin Two other scientists along with their team _57_in making its large-scale production possible.World War II _58_up the process of its mass production for military use.Significance Widely _59_to treat people in war penicillin saved many lives that otherwise would have been lost.penicillin started

119、post-1945 revolution of medicines, for which Fleming, Florey and Chain _60_the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work.,【答案】51. discovery 52. abnormal /unusual; 53. accident /chance / coincidence 54. problems 55. difficulty /trouble/problems 56. effective 57. succeeded 58. stepped /sped/speeded 59. u

120、sed /employed 60. won /shared【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1928到1945年期间，青霉素的发展过程。青霉素首先被Alexander Fleming无意中发现，但是Fleming遇到了困难，无法将其制成药品，后来在其他两位科学家和他们的团队的协助下，成功大规模生产出了青霉素，并且在第二次世界大战中拯救了许多生命。最终三人被授予诺贝尔医学奖。【51题详解】考查名词。总结概括第一段的内容可知，第一段主要在讲Fleming发现青霉素的过程。结合上文the可知应填名词discovery。故填discovery。【52题详解】考查形容词。根据第一段中In 1928,

121、 Alexander Fleming was spending several weeks growing bacteria in piles of dishes for his experiment when he noticed a dish didnt look normal with blue mould in.可知1928年，Alexander Fleming为了做实验，花了几周时间在成堆的盘子里培养细菌，这时他注意到一个盘子里有蓝色的霉菌，看起来不太正常。由此可知，在为他的实验培养细菌时，Fleming注意到盘子里有一些不太正常的东西，杀死了盘子周围的细菌。修饰不定代词someth

122、ing应用形容词abnormal /unusual作后置定语，表示“不正常，不寻常的”。故填abnormal /unusual。【53题详解】考查名词。根据第一段中Much to his astonishment, the mould killed the bacteria surrounding it.可知令他吃惊的是，霉菌杀死了周围的细菌。由此可知，Fleming在实验室无意中发现了这种蓝色霉菌，并将其命名为青霉素。表示“偶然，无意间”短语为by accident /chance/ coincidence。故填accident /chance / coincidence。【54题详解】考查

123、名词。根据第二段中His penicillin was still in his lab far from an effective medicine because the development of Penicillin as a drug faced two problems.可知由于盘尼西林作为药物的开发面临着两个问题，所以他的盘尼西林还远未成为一种有效的药物。由此可知，本部分是在介绍Fleming进一步研究的遇到的问题。有两个问题，所以problem应用复数形式。故填problems。【55题详解】考查名词。根据第二段中First, it was difficult for him

124、 to purify penicillin to work as a medicine.可知首先，他很难把青霉素提纯成药物。由此可知，Fleming在使青霉素达到药物纯度标准方面遇到了困难。短语 have difficulty/trouble/ problems (in) doing sth。故填difficulty /trouble/problems。【56题详解】考查形容词。根据第二段中Second, he was not able to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.可知第二，他无法生产

125、出足够数量的青霉素，而这些青霉素必须是有效的。由此可知，Fleming无法生产出所需数量的有效青霉素。根据上文to be可知应填形容词effective，表示“有效的”。故填effective。【57题详解】考查动词时态。根据第三段中Fleming was praised for the discovery, but it was Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and their Colleagues at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University who managed to turn

126、penicillin from a lab curiosity into an effective drug.可知弗莱明因这一发现而受到赞扬，但正是牛津大学William Dunn爵士病理学院的Howard Florey、Ernst Chain和他们的同事们成功地将青霉素从实验室里的珍品变成了一种有效的药物。由此可知，另外两名科学家和他们的团队成功地使大规模生产成为可能。短语manage to do sth.等于succeed in doing sth.表示“成功做某事”。且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填succeeded。【58题详解】考查动词时态。根据第四段中The increasi

127、ngly obvious value and demand of penicillin in World War II accelerated the process of its mass production, which began in 1944.可知在第二次世界大战中，青霉素的价值和需求日益明显，加速了1944年开始的大规模生产进程。由此可知，第二次世界大战加快了青霉素大规模使用的概率。表示“加快，加速”应用动词step/speed up the process，且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时。故填stepped /sped/speeded。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。根据第四段中

128、The wide use of penicillin during World War II saved many lives. Without it, many people would have died due to bacterial infections in even minor wounds.可知第二次世界大战期间青霉素的广泛使用挽救了许多人的生命。如果没有它，许多人会死于细菌感染，甚至是小伤口。由此可知，广泛使用青霉素治疗病人，挽救了许多生命，否则这些生命将会死去。表示“使用”可用动词use或employ，且分析句子结构可知use/employ在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语pe

129、nicillin构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填used /employed。【60题详解】考查动词时态。根据最后一段中All three of them were awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.可知他们三人都获得了1945年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。由此可知，1945年后，青霉素开始了医药革命，Fleming、Florey和Chain因他们的研究获得了诺贝尔医学奖。表示“赢得，分享”应用动词win或share，且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时。故填won/shared。第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）61.下面是苏淮（

130、Su Huai)、他的母亲（Mrs.Su)和他的老师（Mr.Li)就“线上学习”专题受访时的谈话摘录。请认真阅读并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。Su Huai: I had to stay at home,learning online because of COVID-19,but I really enjoyed it.I think courses in the virtual classroom more interesting and it worked.Mrs.Su:I dont think so.I doubted how much knowledge had be

131、en planted in his head.I didnt take proper care of him and our relationship went tense.Sometimes it was like a fight of trapped beastsMr.Li:We were going through a test similar ho many parents.We struggled with technology to interact with our students and make sure they could understand.【写作内容】1.用约30

132、个单词概括上述信息的主要内容：2. 你对线上学习有何看法？请说明理由（不少于两点）。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和校名；3.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】Possible version 1Talking of online learning, Su Huai gave it a big embrace with enthusiasm while his mother and his teacher seemed to go through a challenging test with stress a

133、nd uncertainty.I welcome online learning, which proves to be a great complement to offline learning. Not only is it less costly but its also an easily accessible platform, so that students can study from anywhere at their own pace. Whats more, interactions between teachers and students are considera

134、bly improved online, ensuring learning is more efficient and that its quality is better sustained. Online learning, without any doubt, cannot fully replace offline learning for some problems like the test of technology, disciplines and lack of human interactions.In spite of its disadvantages, I stil

135、l think its a good learning platform which provides an even more rewarding learning experience for all of us as long as we use it in a proper way.Possible version 2Talking of online learning, Su Huai gave it a big embrace with enthusiasm while his mother and his teacher seemed to go through a challe

136、nging test with stress and uncertainty.I disfavor online learning. It is no more than a complement to offline learning at most. In the period of school closure, it proved to be more a challenge than an opportunity. It cannot meet the needs of students who try to join in discussions, thus reducing it

137、s learning efficiency. Also, online learning can be difficult for self-discipline in practice, which makes it possible for some students to lag behind. Thats not all. Interactions in online courses cant be so satisfying as expected. All in all, online learning has a few problems to be solved.While w

138、e can make something sweet from lemons, do remember lemons are lemons and be mindful of how to learn online in a proper way.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，下面是苏淮（Su Huai)、他的母亲（Mrs.Su)和他的老师（Mr.Li)就“线上学习”专题受访时的谈话摘录。请认真阅读并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。写作内容：1.用约30个单词概括上述信息的主要内容：2. 你对线上学习有何看法？请说明理由（不少于两点）。第2步：

139、根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：give it a big embrace with enthusiasm (热情地拥抱它)；go through (经受)；uncertainty (不确定性)；interactions(互动)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I welcome online learning, which proves to be a great complement to offline learning.运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句；Not only is it less costly but its also an easily accessible platform, so that students can study from anywhere at their own pace.运用了倒装句和目的状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。