1、2013高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习海洋资源(详解)AIt may not be quite old enough to be the worlds oldest living organismthat “honor” goes to the bristlecone pine tree (aged 5,000 years )but，at 4,000 years of age，Leiopathes glaberrima，a deepwater coral species，does set the record for being the oldest animal living under th
2、e sea.Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean，off Hawaii，the 3 meters tall，(extremely) longlived “black coral” could have some valuable clues about past incidents of climate change; specifically，it could better scientists understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxideand of ocean acidificati
3、on in general.Brendan Roark of Texas A&M University，who led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals climate records，presented his findings at the recent AAAS meeting.How long they can live is anybodys guess，Roark told Sciences Erik Stokstad.He and his colleagues used radiocarbon dating to
4、determine the corals age.What this suggests，he said，is that the harvesting of deepwater coral for jewelry should be completely banned; because the corals grow at such an anemic rate，any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining specimensthose not yet affected by ocean acidification.Roa
5、rk believes it could be possible to reconstruct records of subsurface temperature variability and ocean circulation changes，which would provide some insight on climate change incidents and help predict future effects.By comparison，that ocean quahog clam we mentioned a while backaged 405 yearsseems a
6、lmost sprightly.Notes：acidification n酸性anemic adj.无活力的subsurface adj.地下的quahog clam圆蛤sprightly adj.活泼的长短句分析：What this suggests，he said，is that the harvesting of deepwater coral for jewelry should be completely banned.句法点睛：本句中，“What this suggests”为主语，“he said”为插入语，that引导表语从句。句意：他说，他提出的建议是，从深水珊瑚中采集珠宝的
7、活动应该彻底制止。【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。全文说明了海洋寿星Leiopathes glaberrima。这一深海珊瑚礁种类在水下已经待了4 000多年。研究它对我们研究海洋意义很大。科学家也提出了保护海洋珊瑚类的建议。1What is the best title of the passage?AThe worlds oldest living organismBOldest animal under the seaCHow to protect the corals growDA great discovery答案B主旨大意题。全文讲述海洋的寿星，因此B项最合适。2What does t
8、he underlined word “clues” in the second paragraph mean?AEvidence. BTreasure. C Worth. DUsage.答案A词义猜测题。联系第二段可知，Leiopathes glaberrima的发现对研究海洋提供了有力的线索与证据。3Whats the value of the finding of the Leiopathes glaberrima?AIt shows which is the oldest in the ocean.BIt helps the scientists get more imformatio
9、n about the ocean.CIt shows why the weather changes so much.DIt helps the scientists know how to live longer.答案B推理判断题。第二段讲述了发现Leiopathes glaberrima的意义，因此可以得出答案为B。4Why should the harvesting of deepwater coral for jewelry be completely banned?ABecause the jewelry has little value.BBecause the jewelry
10、is hard to harvest.CBecause harvesting for the jewelry does great harm to deepwater coral.DBecause it is very dangerous.答案C推理判断题。从第三段中的“because the corals grow at such an anemicrate，any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining specimens”可知， 珊瑚的生长非常缓慢，稍微的破坏就会导致物种灭绝。BScientists spent th
11、e past 10 years studying life in the oceans.This month，they released the results of their work.People often say that there are plenty of fish in the sea.But until recently，not even scientists knew how many creatures lived in the worlds oceans.Ten years ago，a group of scientists decided to find out.
12、“We announced that we would try to conduct the firstever worldwide census of marine life，” the projects cofounder，Jesse Ausubel，told TFK.“It was daring，and people responded.” Over the next 10 years，more than 2,700 scientists from 80 countries worked together to track，count and study sea species.In a
13、 report this month，they shared what they learned.Decade of DiscoveryScientists began by exploring the seas.Along the way，they discovered many new species.“We found life everywhere we looked，” says census scientist Patricia Miloslavich.“We have given 1,200 new names to science.”One name belongs to a
14、type of furry white crab that spends its life at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.The unusual creature lives in a world of total darkness.Another new species，a ninepound lobster，was found in the Indian Ocean，near Africa.“Its surprising that an animal of that size would remain to be discovered，” says
15、Ausubel.Scientists also did research on land.They read through old records，including scientific papers，books，seafoodrestaurant menus and fishermens journals.Their goal: to find out which sea creatures lived where in the past.Snapshot of the SeaAfter 10 years of investigation，scientists found that th
16、e oceans are teeming with life.They counted 250,000 marine species.They have an estimate of how many more species are waiting to be found: a whopping 750,000.“Most of these will be small，” says Ausubel.“There wont be any more giant lobsters.”The researchers learned which underwater areas have the mo
17、st species.The seas around Australia and Japan have as many as 33,000 forms of life.(The average marine area has about 10,000 species.) These “hot spots” for biodiversity need special attention and protection，says Miloslavich.The accurate picture of ocean life will help scientists notice changes.“Th
18、ings will be different in 10,20,30 years，” says Ausubel.“Knowing whats there now will be helpful.”The census gives us a better understanding of the challenges facing our oceans.Many of the problems，including overfishing，habitat destruction and pollution，stem from human behavior.Environmentalists are
19、 working to set up protected areas in the sea，much like the parks that conserve 12% of our land.“We need to show concern for the ocean，” says Miloslavich.Note：census n统计【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了科学家从十年前开始研究海洋生物的种类，并介绍了研究的内容和基本过程。1There were _ scientists from _ countries got involved in the research in the
20、 past 10 years.Amore than 2,700; 80 countriesBalmost 2,700; 80 countriesCmore than 2,700; more than 80 countriesDmore than 2,700; 70 countries答案A细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句可知，在过去的十年中，共有来自80个国家的，超过2 700名科学家参与了这项研究。其余说法错误，文中无信息支持。2Why did the scientists read through old records，including scientific papers，books，s
21、eafoodrestaurant menus and fishermens journals?ATo get more knowledge about the sea creatures outlooking.BTo know the location of the sea creature in the past.CTo find out where has the most sea species.DTo find out which sea creature was most popular.答案B细节理解题。由“Decade of Discovery”中的最后一句可知，科学家这样做的目
22、的在于发现过去海洋生物的分布情况。其余说法在文中均无信息支持。3What does the underlined word “whopping” mean?ABlurry (模糊的). BUncertain.CTotal. DEnormous.答案D词义猜测题。由语境可知，750 000是一个庞大的数字。其余说法均不符合逻辑。4Which of the following saying is RIGHT?AThere are plenty of new species waiting for us to find.BAustralia and Japan has the least speci
23、es.CScientists wanted to get new food resources by doing this research.DThese scientists only did research under the sea.答案A推理判断题。由“They have an estimate of how many more species are waiting to be found：a whopping 750,000.”可知，据估计，还有约750 000种新的海洋生物等待发现。由此可推知，尚未发现的海洋生物数量庞大。B项应改为“最多的”；C项说法无依据；D项说法错误，科学家还在陆地上进行研究。