1、Attributive ClauseUsing language定语从句Part 3关系副词（定语从句完整）定语从句之关系副词当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。when时间where地点why原因定语从句之关系副词when,where,why This is the place _ we visited last time.This is the place _ we visited the equipment设备 last time.I still remember the time _ we spend together.I still remember the
2、time _ we first met each other.This is the reason _ she gave me.This is the reason _ she cried.()定语从句不完整，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，指物that/which()定语从句完整，也不缺定语，缺状语，指地点where()定语从句不完整，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，指物that/which()定语从句完整，也不缺定语，缺状语，指时间when()定语从句不完整，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，指物that/which)定语从句完整，也不缺定语，缺状语，指原因why定语从句关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词
3、应是表示时间的名词，如time,day,week,hour,year等。关系词在从句中作时间状语。I hope there are moments when I forget all my worries and pains.我希望有那么一刻，我能忘记所有的烦恼和痛苦。I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。Tom will never forget the days when he lived in China with his family.汤姆永远不会忘记他和家人在中国生活的
4、日子。定语从句关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，如place,room,factory,house,village等。关系词在从句中作地点状语。This is the factory where I worked ten years ago.这是我十年前工作过的工厂。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。They went into the hall where the meeting was being held.他们走进正在开会的大厅定语从句
5、关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，如place,room,factory,house,village等。关系词在从句中作地点状语。当先行词是抽象地点名词如case，point，condition，situation等，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，仍然用where引导定语从句。We have reached a point where a change is needed.我们已经到了需要做出改变的地步。定语从句关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。The reason why I dont trust him is
6、 that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。There are many reasons why people like traveling.人们喜欢旅游的原因有很多。The reason why he succeed in the exam was that he studied very hard.他考试成功的原因是他学习很努力。定语从句 注意：关系副词when,where,why可以相应地转化为“介词+which”结构。I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.This
7、is the factory where I worked ten years ago.There are many reasons why people like traveling.on whichin whichfor which定语从句Do you remember the days _we chatted with each other all night?Do you remember the days _we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？when作状语，表时间作宾语，指物that/which定语从句I dont k
8、now the reason _he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.I wont listen to the reason _ you have given us.why作状语，表原因作宾语，指物that/which定语从句This is the place _ he works.This is the place _we visited last year.That was the time _ he arrived.Do you still remember the time _we spent together?wher
9、ethat/whichwhenthat/which做题步骤画出定语从句，看定语从句缺不缺主/宾/表缺关系代词that/which/who/whom/as不缺whose关系副词when,where,why缺定语缺状语Part 4限制性定语从句和 非限制性定语从句 定语从句分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句先行词范围很广，用限制性定语从句缩小限定先行词的范围。缺了从句，主句意思会受影响。从句Im enjoying the book(that you lent me.)先行词唯一，非限制性定语从句为主句提供附加信息，补充说明。缺了从句，主句意思不受影响。This is my friend Tina,
10、(who is a good girl.)I met the man(who lives next door.)I saw Yao Ming,(who is the greatest NBA star.)形式上：不用逗号隔开主从句形式上：用逗号隔开主从句翻译 My sister(who is a teacher)always encourages me to study hard.My sister,(who is a teacher),always encourages me to study hard.我的姐姐，她是个老师，总是鼓励我努力学习（我只有一个姐姐，她的职业是老师）我那当老师的姐
11、姐总是鼓励我努力学习。（隐含我不止一个姐姐）注意事项 1.非限制性定语从句有逗号。从句与主句用逗号分隔开了 My sister(who is a teacher)always encourages me to study hard.（限制性定语从句，修饰限定，我那当老师的姐姐总是鼓励我努力学习）My sister,(who is a teacher),always encourages me to study hard.（非限制性定语从句，补充说明，我的姐姐，她是个老师，总是鼓励我努力学习）注意事项 2.修饰对象不同。限制性定语从句只能修饰从句前面的那个名词，而非限制性定语从句，除了可以修饰它
12、前面的名词，还可以修饰它前面的整个句子，或句子的部分内容，如：My sister always hits me,which makes me unhappy.（which引导的从句不再具体修饰哪个名词，而是指代了它前面整个句子，把which的含义翻译出来，就是“这件事”，指的就是前面姐姐总是打我那件事）注意事项3.关系词使用不同。在限制性定语从句中，先行词是人、物或事情时，关系代词都可以用that；而非限制性定语从句绝对不可以用that引导，指物用which替代。The holiday,which were looking forward to,is coming.指原因不用why，用for
13、which替代 I have told them the reason,for which I changed my mind.when引导的非限制性定语从句when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。He will put off the picnic until May 1st,when he will be free.他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。where引导的非限制性定语从句where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。They reached there yesterday,where a party will be held.他们昨天抵达那里,有一个关于销售的谈判在那儿举行。