1、I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the
2、question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How long did the man review for the test?A. 8 hours.B. 10 hours.C. 12 hours.D. 20 hours.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: I reviewed my lessons for that test for
3、 6 hours and Mary did for 4 hours.M: I reviewed for twice as much as Mary did.Q: How long did the man review for the test?2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Shop assistant and customer.B. Restaurant waiter and customer.C. Librarian and student.D. Hotel
4、 staff and guest.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: Hello, Ocean Point Bed &Breakfast. This is Jane speaking. How may I help you?M: Hello. Im calling about a booking I made for this weekend from Saturday to Sunday. We actually want to stay for two nights.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can we learn from the conversation?A.
5、The daycare will close after the rush hour.B. People in long lines are waiting for the bus.C. The woman will set off despite the traffic jam.D. The man will help the woman to pick up her son.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: See the long lines outside. Ive just decided to leave work late to beat rush hour traffic.W:
6、I wish I could do that. I have to pick up my son before the daycare closes.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the woman want to dress formally?A. The dress is on end-of-season sale.B. The woman does it out of her own choice.C. This invitation requires dressing f
7、ormally.D. A wedding ceremony welcomes individuality.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Does the invitation to Toms wedding ceremony say anything about clothes?W: No, it doesnt. But Im thinking of wearing a spring dress for this formal occasion.Q: Why does the woman want to dress formally?5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can
8、 we learn from the conversation?A. The restaurant serves good food.B. The girl wants to eat in the school dining hall.C. The restaurant is too far away from their school.D. The quiet atmosphere when eating is the first choice.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: The food in this restaurant is horrible. If only wed gone
9、to the school dining hall.W: But the food isnt everything. Isnt it nice just to get away from all the noise?Q: What can we learn from the conversation?6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can we learn from the conversation?A. Only true friendship can last long.B. Letter writing is going out of style.C. His for
10、mer classmate just dropped him a line.D. She has lost contact with most of her old friends.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: I just received an e-mail from one of my former classmates. I was surprised, for I hadnt heard from him for ages.W: Well, Ive been out of touch with most of my old friends. Only one or two stil
11、l drop me a line occasionally.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man like this app?A. He appreciates the security of the app.B. He finds it inconvenient to operate.C. Hes eager to recommend it to others.D. Hes willing to try it immediately.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: I
12、used my phone to send money to a friends bank account. I cant wait to recommend it to my parents.M: Thats why this kind of app is popular. But it took a long time to connect your account.Q: How does the man like this app?8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will people do with the coins in the fountain?A. Attr
13、acting more people to throw coins.B. Sponsoring the needy people in Rome.C. Enabling the tourist to return to Rome.D. Proving the truth of a story on old customs.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: When people visit Rome, they throw coins into the Trevi Fountain. Do you know why?W: The story goes that if you do so, you
14、 will return to Rome. But actually they go to help Romes poor.Q: What will people do with the coins in the fountain?9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can be inferred about Frank?A. He looks happier lately.B. He manages his time well.C. Hes improved the way he looks.D. He follows directions more carefully no
15、w.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: You know Franks appearance seems to be neater these days. I wonder why.M: Maybe he just decided it was time to turn over a new leaf.Q: What can be inferred about Frank?10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman mean?A. She is not feeling very well today.B. She thinks the weather is
16、pleasant.C. She has been working hard in the lab.D. She has been staying up quite late recently.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: You look worn out. Are you feeling unwell?W: Not at all. But I have been in the chemistry lab for five hours.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear tw
17、o short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four poss
18、ible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What may influence the online education?A. The number of students involved.B. The supply of computers, tablets and smartphones.C. The Internet, teachers IT ability an
19、d students IT equipment.D. The Internet speed, educational TV programming and test security.12. How many schools may take part in the initiative?A. 500.B. 1000.C. 1500.D. 150,000.13. What is the passage mainly about?A. Educators complaints about the online platforms.B. Millions of teachers working f
20、or online platforms.C. The supply of computers, tablets and smartphones.D. An online educational scheme to help disadvantaged children.【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D【解析】【原文】The year 2020 has been a crazy one for educators. Hundreds of thousands of teachers across the globe had to use online platforms to deli
21、ver their lessons. Millions of students were stuck at home doing their lessons via websites. This has created a transformation in education as technology has taken centre stage. The quality of education differed around the world according to the quality of Internet connections, the level of prepared
22、ness of teachers and their capability of engaging with the technology. It also depended on what kind of devices students had at home. Many students couldnt learn lessons because they had no computer, tablet or smartphone.The Education Ministry in Malaysia has launched a new initiative to help poor c
23、hildren. Around 150,000 eligible pupils from 500 schools will receive a device to enable them to participate in online lessons. The Education Minister hopes to build on the success of this initial rollout to expand the programme. He said: “Apart from assisting pupils and schools in need, this pilot
24、project is to find the best implementation method before it is proposed for expansion.” The plans include enhancing educational television programming for students with no Internet access, and employing sign language interpreters to help the hard of hearing. A teacher said she was happy her governme
25、nt was prioritizing students needs.Now listen again, please.Questions:11. What may influence the online education?12. How many schools may take part in the initiative?13. What is the passage mainly about?听下面一段独白,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. Which of the following is TRUE of the Himalayas?A. They cove
26、r as many as three countries.B. They contain four peaks over 8,000 meters.C. Everest is the tallest and easiest peak to climb.D. Everest is one peak with good technical support.15. Why is K2 more challenging to climb than Everest?A. Because the rate of successes to deaths is about 24 to one.B. Becau
27、se there are more snow storms happening on average.C. Because the mountain is of loose quality with natural disasters.D. Because the lack of oxygen makes breathing problem more seriously.16. What is the passage mainly about?A. The introduction to mountain climbing.B. The ways to overcome difficultie
28、s as mountaineers.C. The most challenging mountains to climb in the world.D. The relationship between taking breath and mountain height.【答案】14. D 15. C 16. C【解析】【原文】Mountains taller than 8,000 meters are rare and exceptionally challenging to climb, purely for the lack of oxygen at such height. Above
29、 8,000 meters, it becomes so difficult to breathers that climbers call it the “death zone”.The Himalayas contain all 14 of the worlds 8,000 meter-plus peaks, which are among Nepal, China, India and Pakistan. Among those, Everest is not only the tallest. Its also accessible by hiking for about a week
30、 and a half after flying into Lukla. From there, the mountain is loaded with equipment, including a cell phone tower and local people who fix ropes for Western climbers. That makes the climb far less technical than it otherwise would be.One emerging alternative to Everest is K2, the worlds second ta
31、llest mountainat 8,611 m to Everests 8,848 m. But for every four or so people who have climbed up to K2, one person has died trying.On Everest, by comparison, the rate of successes to deaths is about 24 to one. K2 is a “loose” mountain with lots of rock fall and snow slide. Its main route also goes
32、up the east side, making climbers get affected by incoming storms.Now listen again, please.Questions:14. Which of the following is TRUE of the Himalayas?15. Why is K2 more challenging to climb than Everest?16. What is the passage mainly about?听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17 What is the conversa
33、tion mainly about?A. A famous photographer.B. Photographic technology in the 1800s.C. Photographic equipment used in the 1800s.D. A new museum about photography.18. What did Julia Margaret Cameron emphasize about the subject?A. Appearance.B. Character.C. Social status.D. Role in history.19. Accordin
34、g to the conversation, how did Julia Margaret Camerons picture look?A. Bright.B. Colorful.C. Black and white.D. Vague.20. Why didnt Jane invite John earlier?A. Because she wanted to give John a surprise.B. Because she was unsure whether John liked such things.C. Because she was uncertain whether the
35、 tickets would be available.D. Because she didnt know the exact time for the opening of the exhibition.【答案】17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C【解析】【原文】W: Hey John, got any plans for tonight?M: Hi, Jane. No, I dont think so. Why? Got any suggestions?W: In fact, I do. I just got two tickets for the opening of the
36、exhibition of the reprints by Julia Margaret Cameron. I would have mentioned it earlier, but I was on the waiting list for these tickets and I wasnt sure Id even get them.M: An exhibition, huh? I like such things. But I dont know who JuliaW: Margaret Cameron! She was a photographer in the 1800s. She
37、 is interesting to art-historians in general and students of photography in particular because shehow should I say, kind of changed the photography.M: What do you mean?W: Well, her specialty was portraits and instead of just making a factual record of details like most photographers did, you know, j
38、ust capturing what a person looks like. She, like a portrait painter, was interested in capturing her subjects personality.M: Interesting! How did she do that?W: She invented a number of techniques that affect the picture. One of these things she did was to make images slightly unclear by using a so
39、ft focus on the subject. Thats pretty common now.M: Yeah, seen that. Who did she photograph?W: Famous people of her day, Alfred Lord Tennyson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Charles Darwin, I dont know who else. Well see at the exhibition.M: You really pick my curiosity. I am going to enjoy this.Now li
40、sten again, please.Questions:17. What is the conversation mainly about?18. What did Julia Margaret Cameron emphasize about the subject?19. According to the conversation, how did Julia Margaret Camerons picture look?20. Why didnt Jane invite John earlier?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:
41、 After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Scientists say cure for baldness coul
42、d be closeHelp may soon be at hand for those who are losing or have lost their hair. A team of Japanese scientists has discovered stem cells _21_ are vital in the hair regeneration process. This is promising news for the millions of people worldwide who suffer from baldness. A cure has escaped _22_
43、(understand) by scientists for decades, _23_ extensive research and significant investment in research. The scientists are now setting out on clinical research and laboratory trials. They hope to adapt the stem cells to finally create a therapy for hair loss. Baldness principally affects men. By the
44、 age of 35, around two-thirds of men will experience some degree of hair loss and by the age of 50, up to 85 per cent will experience significantly thinning hair.The scientists took fur cells from mice and cultured them in the lab. They shared an observation _24_ hair growth was a cyclical process w
45、ithin the follicle (毛囊). They analysed the stem cells and used 220 combinations of chemicals _25_ (make) the hair regrow naturally. Lead scientist Takashi Tsuji said, “Our culture system establishes a method for cyclical regeneration of hair follicles from hair follicle stem cells and will help make
46、 hair follicle regeneration therapy a reality in the near future.” He added, “Losing hair is not life-threatening, _26_ it negatively affects the quality of life.” Sam Baker, a 52-year-old bank worker, hopes the therapy _27_ work. He said, “Having a full head of hair again will make me look ten year
47、s _28_ (young)”.It has to pass clinical trials _29_ this baldness cure becomes commercially available. So far, the researchers _30_ (demonstrate) stem cell therapy in preclinical lab tests. Tsuji said they were looking for outside collaborators to help develop clinical applications for the new hair
48、growth technology.【答案】21. that/which 22. being understood 23. despite 24. that 25. to make 26. but 27. can 28. younger 29. before 30. have demonstrated【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一个日本科学家团队发现了在头发再生过程中至关重要的干细胞，这对秃顶人士来说是个好详消息，科学家说治疗秃顶的方法离问世可能不远了。【21题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个日本科学家团队发现了在头发再生过程中至关重要的干细胞。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是s
49、tem cells，指物，关系在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导。故填that/which【22题详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：一种治疗方法几十年来一直没有被科学家所理解，尽管有广泛的研究和重大的研究投资。escape doing sth.逃脱/避免做某事，是固定用法，且动词understand和A cure之间是被动关系，所以此处应用动名词的被动式。故填being understood。【23题详解】考查介词。句意：一种治疗方法几十年来一直没有被科学家所理解，尽管有广泛的研究和重大的研究投资。结合句意可知，此处指“尽管，即使”，介词despite符合题意。故填despite。【2
50、4题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他们分享了一项观察结果，头发生长是毛囊内的一个循环过程。空处引导一个同位语从句，解释说明名词observation的内容，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们分析了这些干细胞，并使用220种化学物质的组合使头发自然再生。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to make。【26题详解】考查连词。句意：他补充说:“脱发不会危及生命，但会对生活质量产生负面影响。”结合句意可知，空前后是转折关系，应用连词but连接，故填but。【27题详解】考查情态动词。句意：52岁的银行工作人员Sam Bake
51、r希望这种疗法能够起作用。结合句意可知，此处指希望这种疗法“能够”起作用，此处是一般现在时，应用情态动词can。故填can。【28题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他说:“头上再次有满头的头发会使我看上去年轻十岁。”结合句意可知，此处暗含比较，指有了头发比没有头发看起来更年轻，应用形容词比较级。故填younger。【29题详解】考查状语从句。句意：在这种治疗秃顶的方法商业化之前，它必须通过临床试验。结合句意及常识可知，这种治疗方法上市之前必须通过临床测试，此处应用before引导时间状语从句，故填before。【30题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，研究人员已经在临床前实验室测试中证
52、明了干细胞疗法。结合时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the researchers是名词复数，助动词用have，故填have demonstrated。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. earth-bound B. repeatedly C. decay D. increasinglyE.
53、 redirect F. detecting G. complexity H. self-destructingI. exhibit J. protective K. atmosphereNew Effort To Clean Up Space Junk Reaches Orbit (轨道)A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris (碎片) was launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. K
54、nown as ELSA-d, the mission will _31_ technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for _32_ life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and
55、 GPS systems.The spacecraft works by attempting to -attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward Earth to burn up in the _33_.The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process _34_ over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer
56、satellites ability to track down and remove with its target in varying levels of _35_.Space junk has been a growing problem for years as human-made objects such as old satellites and spacecraft parts build up in low Earth orbit until they _36_, deorbit, explode or crash with other objects, breaking
57、into smaller pieces of waste.According to a recent report by NASA, at least 26,000 of the millions of pieces of space junk are orbiting along at 17,500 mph, they could “destroy a satellite on impact”. More than 500,000 pieces are a “mission-ending threat” because of their ability to impact _37_ syst
58、ems, fuel tanks and spacecraft cabins.The development of other cleanup technologies has been in progress for years. In 2016, Japans space agency sent a 700-meter chain into space to try to slow down and _38_ space junk. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a copy sate
59、llite.The European Space Agency also plans to send a(n) _39_ robot into orbit in 2025, which the organizations former director general has referred to as a space “vacuum cleaner”.These efforts could prove _40_ important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to disorder low Earth orbit with
60、a huge number of satellites.【答案】31. I 32. A 33. K 34. B 35. G 36. C 37. J 38. E 39. H 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。太空垃圾成为一个日益严重的问题，文章介绍了为清理太空垃圾所做出的努力。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：这项名为ELSA-d任务将展示有助于捕获太空垃圾的技术，即漂浮在地球上空的数百万块轨道碎片。根据空前的will可知，空处应填动词原形；结合句意可知，exhibit“展示”符合题意。故选I项。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：超过8000吨的碎片可能使我们失去地球上赖以生存的服务，包括天气
61、预报、电信和全球定位系统。空处修饰名词life，应填形容词作定语；结合“including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems”可知，earth-bound“只在地球上的，陆地的”符合题意。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：宇宙飞船的工作原理是将自己与报废的卫星连接起来，将它们推向地球，在大气层中燃烧。空处应填名词作宾语；结合“pushing them toward Earth”可知，此处指在“大气层”中燃烧，atmosphere“大气，气氛”符合题意。故选K项。【34题详解】考查副词。句意：该任务将在英国执行，
62、将在六个月的时间里反复执行这种捕获和释放过程。空处修饰动词短语carry out，应填副词；结合句意可知，repeatedly“反复地”符合题意。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词。句意：其目标是证明服务卫星追踪和清除不同复杂程度目标的能力。空处应填名词作宾语；结合句意可知，complexity“复杂，复杂性”符合题意。故选G项。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：多年来，随着旧卫星和航天器部件等人造物体在近地轨道上不断堆积，直到它们衰退、脱轨、爆炸或与其他物体相撞，摔成更小的垃圾碎片，太空垃圾一直是一个日益严重的问题。空处是和deorbit、explode及crash并列的谓语动词，应用动词原形；结
63、合句意可知，此处是描述卫星变成太空垃圾的过程，decay“衰退，衰减”符合题意。故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：超过50万块碎片是“结束任务的威胁”，因为它们有能力冲击防护系统、燃料箱和航天器舱室。空处修饰名词systems，应填形容词；结合“mission-ending threat”可知，此处指它们有能力冲击“防护”系统，所以是结束任务的威胁，protective“防护的”符合题意。故选J项。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：2016年，日本航天局向太空发射了一条700米长的链条，试图让太空垃圾减速并重新定向。空处和slow down并列，应填动词原形；结合句意可知，redirect
64、“改变投递方向”符合题意。故选E项。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：欧洲航天局还计划在2025年将一个自毁机器人送入轨道，该组织前总干事将其称为太空“真空吸尘器”。空处修饰名词robot，应填形容词作定语；结合句意可知，self-destructing“自毁的”符合题意。故选H项。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：随着SpaceX等私营太空企业继续用大量卫星扰乱近地轨道，这些努力可能变得越来越重要。空处修饰形容词important，应填副词；结合句意可知，increasingly“越来越多地”符合题意。故选D项。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirectio
65、ns: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It is understandable that the plan to raise the retirement age has sparked debates, because the move involves individuals interests
66、and delayed retirement has been on countries _41_ for a long time.The wider the debate is, the clearer the issues will be. The first misunderstanding is that the government is thinking over raising the retirement age to _42_ the so-called shortfall in pension funds. The fact is, there is no such thi
67、ng as a nationwide shortfall in the pension funds, because the situation varies from region to region. So we need a _43_ pension system to ensure all regions have adequate pension funds.Many countries with extra pension insurance are drawing up plans for raising the retirement age. Nowadays, people
68、start working at a later age. So the retirement age should be extended _44_ the structural changes of individuals life-cycle. For example, many born in the 1980s and 1990s started working at 25 or 30 due to their _45_ of higher education. If such people retire at 60, they would have worked for only
69、35 or 30 years. And given their longer life expectancy, theyll receive pensions for a longer period of time, putting extra _46_ on the pension system.But since delayed retirement _47_ peoples interests, it must be planned carefully. First, the retirement age should be raised, once the leadership dec
70、ides to do so, _48_ across the country. Although rolling out pilot programs before _49_ economic and social reforms made them more effective, the retirement age cannot be raised in different regions in a targeted manner, because thatll not be helpful to _50_ development in different regions.Second,
71、some people are against raising the retirement age because they feel they may be forced to work for a few “extra years”. As has been learned from other countries _51_, some policies can be adopted to help accept the delayed retirement plan. _52_, it should be made clear to employees that the longer
72、they contribute to the pension funds, the higher pension theyll draw after retirementand early retirement will result in _53_ pension.Third, it is important to balance the interests of different groups. Chinas current retirement system distinguishes between men and women, and the employees of State-
73、owned enterprises and privately-owned companies have different opinions on delayed retirement. The new retirement policy needs to be _54_ to all groups.The debate on delayed retirement shows that reforms of social policies will face more challenges and the challenges need political wisdom and practi
74、cal strategies to_55_.41. A. agendaB. conflictC. decisionD. problem42. A. result fromB. make upC. bring aboutD. break out43. A. uniqueB. targetedC. unitedD. different44. A. in addition toB. as a result ofC. ever sinceD. in line with45. A. aimB. accessC. admissionD. pursuit46. A. effectB. debtC. pres
75、sureD. dependence47. A. arousesB. concernsC. satisfiesD. improves48. A. uniformlyB. widelyC. extensivelyD. intensively49. A. implementingB. introducingC. improvingD. promoting50. A. rapidB. balancedC. effectiveD. constant51. A. strengthsB. experiencesC. practicesD. attitudes52. A. In additionB. In f
76、actC. InsteadD. For instance53. A. enhancedB. considerableC. reducedD. worthwhile54. A. relatedB. considerateC. fairD. different55. A. makeB. resolveC. introduceD. practice【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. C 54. C 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了关于提高退休年龄的问题。
77、提高退休年龄的计划引发了争论，这是可以理解的，因为这涉及到个人利益，延迟退休已经在各国的议程上很长时间了。并就延迟退休提出了三点规划意见。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：提高退休年龄的计划引发了争论，这是可以理解的，因为这涉及到个人利益，延迟退休已经在各国的议程上很长时间了。A. agenda议程；B. conflict冲突；C. decision决定；D. problem问题。根据上文“delayed retirement has been on countries”和下文“Many countries with extra pension insurance are drawing
78、up plans for raising the retirement age. ”可推知，各国议程上一直有关于延迟退休的问题，agenda符合语境。故选A。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一个误解是，政府正在考虑提高退休年龄，以弥补所谓的养老基金短缺。A. result from由于；B. make up弥补，组成；C. bring about引起；D. break out爆发。结合前后文“raising the retirement age to the so-called shortfall in pension funds”可知，此处是指人们认为提高退休年龄是为了弥补养老基金短
79、缺的问题。故选B。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们需要一个统一的养老保险制度，以确保所有地区都有足够的养老基金。A. unique独特的；B. targeted定向的；C. united一致的，统一的；D. different不同的。结合后文“to ensure all regions have adequate pension funds”可知要确保所有地区都有足够的养老基金，那么肯定是需要一个统一的养老保险制度。故选C。【44题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：因此，应根据个人生命周期的结构变化，延长退休年龄。A. in addition to另外；B. as a resul
80、t of因此；C. ever since从那时到现在；D. in line with符合，与.一致。根据下文“t For example, many born in the 1980s and 1990s started working at 25 or 30 due to their 5 of higher education. If such people retire at 60, they would have worked for only 35 or 30 years. ”可知，退休年龄应该和人的生命周期结构变化相符合，因为现在很多人就业较晚，那么退休年龄也应相应往后推。in li
81、ne with符合语境。故选D。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，许多80后和90后由于追求高等教育，在25岁或30岁时开始工作。A. aim目的；B. access进入；C. admission承认；D. pursuit追求。结合后文“of higher education”指追求高等教育，pursuit符合语境。故选D。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于他们的预期寿命更长，领取养老金的时间也更长，这给养老金体系带来了额外的压力。A. effect影响；B. debt债务；C. pressure压力；D. dependence独立。上文“If such people ret
82、ire at 60, they would have worked for only 35 or 30 years.”提到如果这些人60岁退休，他们就只工作了35年或30年，加上他们的预期寿命更长，领取养老金的时间也更长，这给养老金体系带来了额外的压力。故选C。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但由于延迟退休关系到人们的利益，必须仔细规划。A. arouses唤醒；B. concerns关系到；C. satisfies满足；D. improves改善。根据常识和后文“peoples interests”可知延迟退休关系到的是人们的利益，故选B。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先，一
83、旦领导层决定提高退休年龄，全国应该统一提高退休年龄。A. uniformly一致地；B. widely广泛地；C. extensively广阔地；D. intensively强烈地。根据上文的“So we need a 3 pension system to ensure all regions have adequate pension funds.”可知，要确保所有地区都有足够的养老基金，那么肯定是需要一个统一的养老保险制度。由此推知，一旦领导决定提高退休年龄，那么全国应该听从领导的决定，统一提高退休年龄。故选A。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然在贯彻经济和社会改革之前先开展试点
84、，使其更加有效，但不能在不同地区有针对性地提高退休年龄，因为这不利于不同地区的均衡发展。A. implementing贯彻；B. introducing介绍；C. improving改善；D. promoting促进。根据后文“economic and social reforms”可知，指贯彻经济和社会改革，故选A。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然在贯彻经济和社会改革之前先开展试点，使其更加有效，但不能在不同地区有针对性地提高退休年龄，因为这不利于不同地区的均衡发展。A. rapid快速的；B. balanced均衡的；C. effective有效的；D. constant不变的
85、。结合上文“the retirement age cannot be raised in different regions in a targeted manner”可知，不能在不同地区有针对性地提高退休年龄，因为这么做不利于不同地区的均衡发展。故选B。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：借鉴其他国家的做法，可以采取一些政策来帮助接受延迟退休计划。A. strengths优势；B. experiences经历；C. practices实践；D. attitudes态度。结合上文“As has been learned from other countries”可知此处指从其他国家的实践中进
86、行借鉴。故选C。【52题详解】考查固定短语和单词辨析。句意：例如，应该让员工明白，他们缴纳养老基金的时间越长，退休后领取的养老金就越高提前退休会导致养老金减少。A. In addition另外；B. In fact实际上；C. Instead相反；D. For instance例如。后文的内容是在针对上文提到的“采取一些政策来帮助接受延迟退休计划”进行举例，应用for instance。故选D。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，应该让员工明白，他们缴纳养老基金的时间越长，退休后领取的养老金就越高提前退休会导致养老金减少。A. enhanced提高的；B. considerable相
87、当大的；C. reduced减少的；D. worthwhile值得的。根据常识和上文“the longer they contribute to the pension funds, the higher pension theyll draw after retirement”可知缴纳养老基金的时间越长，退休后领取的养老金就越高，那么反之提前退休会导致养老金减少。故选C。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新的退休政策需要对所有群体都公平。A. related有关系的；B. considerate体贴的；C. fair公平的；D. different不同的。上文“Third, it is
88、 important to balance the interests of different groups.”提到“平衡好不同群体的利益”，可见退休政策要对所有群体都公平，平衡群体利益。故选C。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于延迟退休的争论表明，社会政策改革将面临更多的挑战，而这些挑战需要政治智慧和实际策略来解决。A. make制作；B. resolve解决；C. introduce介绍；D. practice练习。根据上文“the challenges need political wisdom and practical strategies to”可知指挑战需要政治智慧和实
89、际策略来解决，resolve符合语境。故选B。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you hav
90、e just read.(A)Im a talker. I am keen on debating, gossiping and teasing when I have people to talk to. Under lockdown, however, Ive only had my partner, Peter.We not only lived, worked and travelled together, we mostly socialized together, too. Under the first UK lockdown, our already closeness beg
91、an to feel uncomfortable. While talking to Peter, I could see his attention drift.For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone. I tried to manufacture this by going on walks on my own, but a short walk wasnt doing the job. I had hiked in remote spaces all over the world but alw
92、ays in a pair or group for safety reasons. I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo hike.Could we do a circular hike but walk in different directions? This would give us the space and peace of a solo hike done by a person alone. It felt like a promising way out, and he agreed to g
93、ive it a try.We started with a four-mile loop (环路) from Reeth. At the start, we parted ways. At first, I was aware of how close we were, which lessened the appeal. As I gained ground, however, I found myself very much alone. I set my own pace, and I decided to take my time.I sat on a rock and breath
94、ed out. That moment with the weak sun through the clouds and the breeze blowing felt extraordinary to me. I was born and raised in London and had never imagined leaving until I met an outdoorsman. Now, my former life as a city girl felt crazy. In remembering what I had gained, I felt the tension lea
95、ve me. There, in the chilly air, I no longer needed to talk. The semi-solo hike gave us a shared experience with added room to breathe.I didnt see Peter on the way but reunited back where we started, both pleased.The semi-solo hike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It
96、 has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting.56. What motivated the author to adopt the semi-solo hike?A. Peters disinterest in her words.B. Her habit of venturing into the wild.C. The lack of privacy under lockdown.D. Her desire to engage in outdoo
97、r exercise.57. How does the semi-solo hike work?A. Their routes coincide sometimes during the hike.B. They depart in a separate way to different destinations.C. They hike in each others company throughout the journey.D. They start and return to the same place by a different route.58. Which of the fo
98、llowing can describe the authors feelings when she sat on a rock?A. Fearless and refreshed.B. Free and relaxed.C. Tense and depressed.D. Upset and embarrassed.59. What message does the author convey with this text?A. An appropriate distance creates beauty.B. There are more solutions than difficultie
99、s.C. Access to nature is better than social circles.D. Hiking helps improve interpersonal relationships.【答案】56. C 57. D 58. B 59. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和朋友彼得进行半独自徒步旅行，作者既有独处的时间，也有再次相聚的快乐，从而感悟适当的距离创造美。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Under the first UK lockdown, our already closeness began to feel uncomfortable
100、. While talking to Peter, I could see his attention drift.(在英国的第一次封锁下，我们的亲密关系开始变得不舒服。在和彼得谈话时，我看得出他的注意力在转移。)”可知，在封锁下，作者和彼得的亲密关系变得不舒服，交流不自在，结合第三段中“For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone.(我们在一起10年了，这是我们第一次需要独处。)”以及“I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo
101、hike.(我考虑了一下自己的选择，想出了一个主意：半独自徒步旅行。)”可以推知，在封锁下，他们缺乏隐私，需要独处，这促使作者采取半独自徒步旅行。故选C项。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Could we do a circular hike but walk in different directions?(我们可以绕着圈走，但要往不同的方向走吗?)”以及第七段“I didnt see Peter on the way but reunited back where we started, both pleased.(我没有在路上看到彼得，而是回到了我们出发的地方，双方都很高兴。)”
102、可知，半独自徒步旅行是他们出发旅行并通过不同的路线返回同一个地方。故选D项。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中“I sat on a rock and breathed out. That moment with the weak sun through the clouds and the breeze blowing felt extraordinary to me.(我坐在一块岩石上，呼气。那一刻微弱的阳光穿过云层，微风吹过对我来说感觉非同寻常。)”可以推知，作者坐在岩石上时的感受是自由放松的。故选B项。【59题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据最后一段“The semi-solo h
103、ike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting.(诚然，这种半独自徒步旅行在理论上是愚蠢的，但对我来说，它是一条救生索。它给了我独处的时间，在这一年亲密无间的日子里，也给了我再次相聚的快乐。)”可知，本文讲述了通过进行半独自徒步旅行，作者既有独处的时间，也有再次相聚的快乐，传递了（朋友之间）适当的距离创造美的信
104、息。故选A项。(B)60. Whats the cost for each MDHearingAid if you buy a pair according to the advertisement?A. $99.99.B. $199.99.C. $399.98.D. $2,400.61. Why does the hearing aid advertised have price advantage over others?A. It doesnt include batteries.B. It involves a simpler assembly job.C. It gives cust
105、omers the benefit of lowered cost.D. It uses a superior digital hearing aid technology.62. Which of the following is guaranteed as advertised?A. You will not develop Alzheimers disease if you keep using the hearing aid.B. You may get remote support from a hearing expert free of charge after the purc
106、hase.C. You will have appointments with the clinic to adjust the hearing aid for personal use.D. You can return the hearing aid if not satisfied but only with part of the money paid back.【答案】60. B 61. C 62. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章是一个助听器MDHearingAid的广告，介绍了这个助听器的相关信息。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据海报中“For Only $199.99+FR
107、EE Shipping”可知，买一副MDHearingAid助听器需要花费199.99美元。故选B项。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据海报中“The answer: Although tremendous strides have been made in Advanced Hearing Aid Technology, those cost reductions have not been passed on to you. Until now(答案：虽然先进的助听器技术已经取得了巨大的进步，但这些成本的降低并没有转嫁到你身上。直到现在)”可知，MDHearingAid具有价格优势，是因为它把
108、降低成本的好处给了顾客。故选C项。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据海报中“You can contact a licensed hearing specialist conveniently online or by phoneeven after your purchase at no cost.(您可以方便地通过网络或电话联系一位认证的听力专家甚至在您购买后，无需任何费用。)”可知，购买后您可以从听力专家那里获得免费的远程支持。故选B项。(C)Humans are not the only ones who underwent self-domestication. So did our c
109、lose relatives, the bonobos, and the species we call our best friend. A tiny proportion of the genome differentiates dogs from wolves, and yet millions of dogs are comfortably curled up in our homes, while wolves move around at the edge of extinction.When our research group began its work almost 20
110、years ago, we discovered that dogs also have extraordinary intelligence: they can read our gestures better than any other species. Wolves, in contrast, are mysterious and unpredictable. Their home is the wilderness, and that wilderness is shrinking.But not so long ago the evolutionary race between d
111、ogs and wolves was so close, it was unclear who would win. Dogs, in fact, did not descend from wolves. Instead, dogs and wolves shared a wolflike ancestor.Folklore supposes that humans brought wolf puppies into camp and domesticated them. Or as wolf expert David Mech wrote in 1974, “Evidently early
112、humans tamed wolves and domesticated them, eventually selectively breeding them and finally developing the domestic dog from them.” But this story has not held up. Taming an animal occurs during its lifetime. Domestication happens over generations and involves changes to the genome.So how did wolves
113、 turn into dogs? Back in the Ice Age, as our human populations grew more sedentary, we probably created more rubbish, which we then dumped outside our camps. These leavings would have included tempting pieces of food for hungry wolves. Not every wolf would have been able to scavenge, however. These
114、animals would have had to be unafraid of humans, and if they displayed any aggression toward us, they would have been killed. After generations of selection for friendliness without intentional selection by humans, this special population of wolves would have begun to take on a different appearance.
115、 Coat color, ears, tails: all probably started to change.Animals that could respond to our gestures and voices would be extremely useful as hunting partners and guards. They would have been valuable as well for their warmth and companionship, and slowly we would have allowed them to move from outsid
116、e our camps to our firesides. We did not domesticate dogs. The friendliest wolves domesticated themselves.63. What can be summarized about wolves and dogs from the first three paragraphs?A. Wolves are smarter than dogs.B. They are very much racially divided.C. They are close relatives but dogs seem
117、to be on the winning side.D. Dogs have made their ways to indoor life while wolves to the wild.64. What is the meaning of the underlined word “sedentary” in paragraph 5?A. diverseB. limitedC. living in the same placeD. involving regular migration65. What does the author conclude from the history of
118、dogs and wolves?A. Dogs evolved from wolves.B. Selective breeding developed domestic dogs.C. Taming and domesticating an animal are the same thing.D. Friendliness as a quality translates into an evolutionary strategy.66. Which of the following is suitable for a title?A. From Wolf to DogB. Dog: Our F
119、avorite PetC. An Intentional DomesticationD. A Competition Story between Wolf and Dog【答案】63. C 64. C 65. D 66. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了狼和狗是近亲，但是狗却成了人类的好友。文章分析了狼进化成狗过程和原因。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“A tiny proportion of the genome differentiates dogs from wolves, and yet millions of dogs are comfortably curl
120、ed up in our homes, while wolves move around at the edge of extinction.(狗和狼的基因差异很小，但数百万只狗舒适地蜷缩在我们的家里，而狼则在灭绝的边缘徘徊)”以及第三段中“Dogs, in fact, did not descend from wolves. Instead, dogs and wolves shared a wolflike ancestor. (事实上，狗并不是狼的后代。相反，狗和狼有着共同的类狼祖先)”可推知，从前三段可以总结出狼和狗是近亲，但狗似乎是赢家。故选C。【64题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后
121、文“we probably created more rubbish, which we then dumped outside our camps.”可知，冰河时代，人类开始在同一个地方制造了更多的垃圾，然后把垃圾倒在营地外面，说明人类越来越多地选择住在同一个地方，垃圾才能堆积起来。画线词意思是“住在同一个地方”。故选C。【65题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“After generations of selection for friendliness without intentional selection by humans, this special population of
122、 wolves would have begun to take on a different appearance.(经过几代人的友好选择，而不是人类的有意选择，这一特殊的狼群种群将开始呈现不同的外观)”以及最后一段中“We did not domesticate dogs. The friendliest wolves domesticated themselves. (我们没有驯养狗。最友善的狼驯化了自己)”可推知，作者从狗和狼的历史中得出的结论是：作为一种品质的友善可以转化为一种进化策略。故选D。【66题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humans are not the only on
123、es who underwent self-domestication. So did our close relatives, the bonobos, and the species we call our best friend. A tiny proportion of the genome differentiates dogs from wolves, and yet millions of dogs are comfortably curled up in our homes, while wolves move around at the edge of extinction.
124、(人类并不是唯一进行自我驯化的物种。还有我们的近亲倭黑猩猩，以及我们最好的朋友。狗和狼的基因差异很小，但数百万只狗舒适地蜷缩在我们的家里，而狼则在灭绝的边缘徘徊)”结合文章主要介绍了狼和狗是近亲，但是狗却成了人类的好友。文章分析了狼进化成狗过程和原因。可知，A选项“从狼到狗”最符合文章标题。故选A。Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note
125、 that there are two more sentences than you need.Edison and Popular CultureWhenever we play music or go to the movies, we enjoy the benefits of Thomas Edisons genius and hard work. Although Edison is perhaps most famous for his light bulb, his inventions in sound recording and motion pictures has co
126、ntributed to entertainment industry.After his successful development of the first phonograph in 1877, Edison and his researchers made countless improvements to the phonograph (留声机) striving for the finest sound reproduction possible. _67_ What the public really wanted, however, was a machine to play
127、 music. Recognizing the biggest market for the phonograph, Edison began producing musical records in the early 1890s. However scratchy and rough those early records seemed, they were amazing to buyers who were hearing recorded sound for the very first time. The development of records, cassette tapes
128、 and finally digital music traces back to Edisons early experiments with sound recording._68_ In October 1888, Edison intended to do “for the Eye what the phonograph does for the Ear, which is the recording and reproduction of things in motion.” Thus began Edisons development of the kinetograph (mot
129、ion picture camera) and kinetoscope (motion picture viewer).Over the next years, Edison experimented with the making of motion pictures, constructing the Black Maria, the worlds first structure especially built to be a motion picture studio. The first motion pictures were not projected on a theater
130、screen. _69_ For a 5-cent coin, viewers could look through the peephole (窥孔) to see Blacksmith Scene, or the Barbershop. Although the first films lasted less than a minute, they excited audiences as much as any film seen today.The first films were silent, but in 1895 Edison attempted to combine soun
131、d recording and motion pictures in a device he called the kinetophone. Unfortunately, this early effort at talking motion pictures proved unsuccessful. More than thirty years would pass before sound films would become widespread.Edison wanted to invent things to improve the lives of all people, whet
132、her it was electric light bulbs to light their homes or phonographs and motion pictures to inspire their imagination. Every time we turn on a light switch or watch movie, we enjoy the gift of Edisons genius. But true genius, said Edison, relies on “hard work, stick-to-initiativeness, and common sens
133、e”. _70_A. Thomas Edisons own example of dedication and determination may be his true gift.B. Instead, viewers looked through a peephole fixed on top of a box with the projector inside.C. Edison managed to make the phonograph praised by most people with effort and devotion,D. Not satisfied with mere
134、ly recording sound, Edison turned his attention to another of the senses: sight.E. Thanks to Edison, people can live a convenient and comfortable life that we couldnt imagine before.F. At first, Edison thought the phonograph primarily suitable only for business purposes, like the dictation of letter
135、s.【答案】67. F 68. D 69. B 70. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发明家爱迪生的一些发明以及这些发明对大众文化的影响。【67题详解】上文“After his successful development of the first phonograph in 1877, Edison and his researchers made countless improvements to the phonograph (留声机) striving for the finest sound reproduction possible.(在1877年爱迪生成功地发明了第
136、一台留声机之后，他和他的研究人员对留声机进行了无数的改进，以尽可能达到最好的声音复制效果。)”说明了爱迪生成功发明留声机，并对之进行改进，选项F“起初，爱迪生认为留声机只适合商业用途，比如听写字母。”承接上文，继续介绍留声机发明改进应用的过程，引出下文“What the public really wanted, however, was a machine to play music.(然而，公众真正想要的是一台播放音乐的机器。)”转折的语义说明公众的要求使留声机的用途发生改变。选项中phonograph和上文中phonograph词汇重叠，上下文描述对象一致，逻辑合理。故选F项。【68题详
137、解】下文“In October 1888, Edison intended to do for the Eye what the phonograph does for the Ear, which is the recording and reproduction of things in motion. Thus began Edisons development of the kinetograph (motion picture camera) and kinetoscope (motion picture viewer).(1888年10月，爱迪生打算对于眼睛就像留声机对于耳朵一样，
138、那就是记录和复制运动中的事物。就这样，爱迪生发明了电影摄影机和电影放映机。)”讲述了爱迪生发明电影摄影机和放映机的起因和结果，选项D“爱迪生不满足于仅仅记录声音，他将注意力转向另一种感官：视觉。”说明爱迪生完成留声机的发明之后，已经将注意力转向了视觉影像，选项中sight和下文中the Eye以及motion picture camera和motion picture viewer语义相关。故选D项。【69题详解】上文“The first motion pictures were not projected on a theater screen.(第一部电影并不是放映在电影院的屏幕上。)”描
139、述第一部电影的放映方式不是在电影院的屏幕上，和后来放映方式不同，选项B“相反，观众通过一个固定在盒子顶部的窥视孔看，盒子里面有投影仪。”承接上文，描述第一部电影与后来完全不同的的放映方式，引出下文“For a 5-cent coin, viewers could look through the peephole (窥孔) to see Blacksmith Scene, or the Barbershop.( 5美分硬币，观众可以通过窥视孔看到铁匠现场，或理发店。)”具体描述看电影的地点和方式。选项中viewers looked through a peephole和下文viewers co
140、uld look through the peephole语义一致。故选B项。【70题详解】上文“Every time we turn on a light switch or watch movie, we enjoy the gift of Edisons genius. But true genius, said Edison, relies on “hard work, stick-to-initiativeness, and common sense”.(每当我们打开电灯开关或看电影时，我们都享受着爱迪生天才的馈赠。但爱迪生说，真正的天才依赖于“努力工作、坚持主动和常识”。)”谈论爱
141、迪生的天赋以及爱迪生对天赋的看法，选项A“托马斯爱迪生自己的奉献和决心可能是他真正的天赋。”承接上文，对爱迪生的天赋做出总结。选项中his true gift和上文中the gift of Edisons genius以及true genius语义一致。故选A项。IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words
142、 as far as possible.Taking It to ExtremesRegular exercise benefits people extensively, from weight control to lengthened life. Exercise sets up a chain reaction that is generally positive for the human body, preventing and controlling some health problems. However, endurance sports, requiring the su
143、stained efforts for long periods of time, reveal a darker side of exercise.A common endurance sport is marathon. Running 26.2 miles is an achievement, but its ultimately harmful. In one study, about 75% of marathon runners suffered from kidney injury after finishing the race. Similarly, cross-countr
144、y skiing offers excellent cardiovascular benefits when performing at a leisurely pace. Yet cross-country skiing alters the structure of the heart, making it more easily damaged to an arrhythmia, a condition where the heart beats irregularly. When it came to the participants hearts, competitive succe
145、ss in cross-country skiing doesnt always translate into better health. The most extreme endurance races, such as Ironman Triathlons, provide more discouraging data.Endurance athletes face another serious problem: they may drink much water while competing. Proper hydration while exercising is key to
146、health and performance. But, too much of a good thing can be dangerous. Reportedly, over 10% of the participants in the triathlon suffered from hyponatremia, occurring when the level of sodium (钠) in the blood becomes dangerously low, often when the sodium concentration is too low with water. Eviden
147、tly, extreme endurance sports can transform the basic necessity of drinking water into a potential source of harm.Does running help a person live longer? A study published in the Mayo Clinic Proceedings concluded that running distances of 0.1 to 19.9 miles a week, at six to seven miles per hour, was
148、 linked to a lower risk of death. However, running distances and speeds beyond this was not tied to higher rates of survival. This finding demonstrates no exercise is better for ones health than excessive exercise in endurance sports.Certainly, none of this means that exercise in moderation is harmf
149、ul, but it shows that the benefits of exercise level off, and even reverse, when a person exercises too much. Endurance sports may continue to be a popular pursuit for those seeking a challenge, but for those eager for better health, a little can work.【答案】Endurance sports do harm to people for the h
150、igh demand. First, extreme sports like marathon and cross-country skiing tend to cause damage to human organs. Second, drinking too much water while working out may result in health risk. Finally, excessive exercise may pose threat to life. Thus, Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health. (54
151、words)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了像马拉松，越野滑雪这样的耐力运动对人的高要求是有害的。其危害主要体现在，首先会对人体器官像肺部造成损伤，其次也会因运动时喝太多水可能导致健康风险，最后过度运动可能对生命造成威胁。因此，适度的运动是健康的基础。【详解】1.要点摘录 However, endurance sports, requiring the sustained efforts for long periods of time, reveal a darker side of exercise.In one study, about 75% of marathon r
152、unners suffered from kidney injury after finishing the race. Yet cross-country skiing alters the structure of the heart, making it more easily damaged to an arrhythmia, a condition where the heart beats irregularly.Endurance athletes face another serious problem: they may drink much water while comp
153、eting.However, running distances and speeds beyond this(running distances of 0.1 to 19.9 miles a week, at six to seven miles per hour) was not tied to higher rates of survival.Endurance sports may continue to be a popular pursuit for those seeking a challenge, but for those eager for better health,
154、a little can work.2.缜密构思 将第个要点进行重组；将两个要点进行重组整合；将第个要点进行重组；将第要点进行重组；将第要点进行重组 3.遣词造句 Endurance sports do harm to people for the high demand. First, extreme sports like marathon and cross-country skiing tend to cause damage to human organs. Second, drinking too much water while working out may result in
155、 health risk. Finally, excessive exercise may pose threat to life.Thus, Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health.【点睛】高分句型1 Second, drinking too much water while working out may result in health risk.(第二，运动时喝太多水可能会导致健康风险。)运用一个简单句对原文第三段进行了概括。其中“drinking too much water while working out”为动名词作主语，
156、属于高级句式表达。高分句型2：Thus, Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health.(因此，适度的运动是健康的基础。)运用一个简单句对原文末尾段落以及全文进行了总结概括。其中“fundamental”为形容词，意为“十分重大的；根本的”，使用其短语“be fundamental to”，意为“基础的；基本的”，为高级表达。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
157、.72. 雨天让我们周围的景色增添了些许吸引力。(appeal)（汉译英）【答案】Rainy days add more appeal to the scenery around us.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查句子结构、动词短语和名词。根据句意，描述客观事实，用一般现在时。表示“雨天”为名词短语rainy days，可数名词零冠词表示泛指，作主语；表示“给增添了些许吸引力”为动词短语add more appeal to，addto“增添到”是固定搭配，作谓语，主语为名词复数，谓语动词用复数，介词to后接名词短语；表示“我们周围的景色”名词短语为the scenery around us，故
158、翻译为Rainy days add more appeal to the scenery around us.73. 在这波流行性感冒尚未完全控制的情况下，当地政府出台的人性化管理措施获得了众多网友的手动点赞。(With) （汉译英）【答案】With the flu not completely under control, many netizens are giving a thumbs-up in praise to the humanized management of the local government.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查句子结构、介词短语等。表示“在这波流行性感冒尚
159、未完全控制的情况下”用介词短语with the flu not completely under control作状语，with加复合宾语，the flu是宾语，否定的介词短语not completely under control为宾语补足语；表示“众多网友”为many netizens；根据句意，谓语动词可用主动语态现在进行时（be doing）表达，主语many netizens为复数名词，故be动词用are，动词短语give a thumbs-up意为“竖起大拇指”，介词短语in praise to意为赞扬，表示“动手点赞”可以用are giving a thumbs-up in pr
160、aise to，介词to后接名词短语作宾语；表示“地政府出台的人性化管理措施”为the humanized management of the local government。句首字母大写，故翻译为With the flu not completely under control, many netizens are giving a thumbs-up in praise to the humanized management of the local government.74. 按计划，一批激励学生继承革命传统的文艺作品将在各大高校巡演。(plan) （汉译英）【答案】As is pl
161、anned, a number of literary and artistic works that encourage students to inherit the revolutionary tradition will be performed in different colleges and universities.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查句子结构，时态、as引导定语从句等。分析句意可知，主句用一般将来时，定语从句中陈述现在通常性和习惯性动作或状态，用一般现在时。表示“按计划”可用as引导非限制性定语从句，as is planned，关系代词as引导从句，代指主句的全部，作
162、主语，动词plan与之为被动关系，故用被动语态；表示主句主语“一批激励学生继承革命传统的文艺作品”可用定语从句that encourage students to inherit the revolutionary tradition修饰先行词a number of literary and artistic works表达，关系代词that引导从句代指先行词，在从句中作主语；表示“将在各大高校巡演”为will be performed in different colleges and universities，将来时的被动语态（will be done）。首字母大写，故翻译为As is p
163、lanned, a number of literary and artistic works that encourage students to inherit the revolutionary tradition will be performed in different colleges and universities.75. 大家一致认为，和强健的体格、敏锐的大脑一样，高尚的品格是当代年轻人成才的必备条件之一。(agreement) （汉译英）【答案】Everyone has come to an agreement that a noble personality as we
164、ll as a strong body and a sharp mind is one of the requirements that young people today should meet to become talents.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语、同位语从句和定语从句。结合句意表示“大家”应用不定代词everyone，作主语；表示“一致认为”短语为come to an agreement，主句用现在完成时；agreement后跟同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that引导，从句用一般现在时；从句中表示“高尚的品格”应用a noble personality
165、，作主语；表示“和一样”短语为as well as；表示“强健的体格”短语为strong body；表示“敏锐的大脑”短语为a sharp mind；表示“之一”短语为“one of+可数名词复数”；表示“条件”可用名词requirement，作定语从句的先行词，用that引导；从句中主语为young people；表示“必备”可用动词meet，should后跟动词原形；表示“成才”可翻译为become talents。故翻译为Everyone has come to an agreement that a noble personality as well as a strong body
166、and a sharp mind is one of the requirements that young people today should meet to become talents.VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启学校的高三年级学生李磊，你的英国笔友Paul来信，分享了他们高中将要举办“中国文化节”的消息，并想听听你的看法。请你就此给Pa
167、ul写封回信。你的回信必须包括：* 简述你对举办这个“中国文化节”意义的认识；* 至少建议一项“中国文化节”的活动，并提供相关具体的操作信息。(注：信中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)【答案】Dear Paul,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my suggestions on the Chinese Culture Festival that will be held at your school soon. I do have something to share and I hope they can be useful for you
168、.Holding this Chinese Culture Festival will be of great significance. It will help you learn more about Chinese Culture and understand China further. Chinese calligraphy is the spirit of Chinese Culture, so my suggestion is that you can arrange a Chinese calligraphy exhibition. Also, you can have yo
169、ur schoolmates to experience the art of writing with a brush, which will be certain to interest everyone. I hope my idea will be useful and I am ready to give you my help at your request.yours,Li Lei【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于建议信，要求考生给英国笔友Paul回信，就他们高中举办“中国文化节”这一活动提供一些建议【详解】1.词汇积累建议：advicesuggestion重要性：importan
170、cesignificance展出：showexhibition要求：demandrequest2.句式拓展原句：Holding this Chinese Culture Festival will be of great significance. It will help you learn more about Chinese Culture and understand China further.拓展句：Holding this Chinese Culture Festival will be of great significance because It will help you
171、 learn more about Chinese Culture and understand China further.【点睛】高分句型1 Im glad to receive your letter asking for my suggestions on the Chinese Culture Festival that will be held at your school soon. (关系代词that引导限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Chinese calligraphy is the spirit of Chinese Culture, so my suggestion is that you can arrange a Chinese calligraphy exhibition. (连词that引导表语从句)