1、上海市金山区2021届高三英语上学期期末（一模）试题（含解析）（考试时间120分钟，总分140分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
2、only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is most probably the man?A. A journalist.B. An astronaut.C. A writer.D. A worker.【答案】C【解析】【
3、原文】W: I have read most of your fictional works. I enjoyed them, especially the one that has come out recently.M: Thank you. In that piece of work, I just imagined myself being a journalist who traveled to space.Q: What is most probably the man?2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation most pr
4、obably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. On a train.C. On a plane.D. In a cigarette shop.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Cant I just open a window, or go to the buffet car?W: Im sorry, but you must put out your cigarette. Otherwise, Ill have to ask you to get off at the next station.Q: Where does the conversation mo
5、st probably take place?3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do we know about Angela?A. Shes dependable.B. Shes time-conscious.C. Shes frequently late.D. Shes good at sports.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: What time are we setting off on the mountain-climbing trip, Dad?M: Perhaps around ten oclock. Depends on what time Angela
6、arrives. Shes usually behind schedule.Q: What do we know about Angela?4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman imply?A. She will help the man pay for the opera tickets.B. She would like to go with the man to the opera.C. There is no time left to order opera tickets.D. Going to the opera is time-cons
7、uming.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: I wish I could afford season tickets to the opera.W: Well, just think of how much time you have to do other things.Q: What does the woman imply?5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers most likely to do?A. Go out to eat when the museum closes.B. Check if the museum cafeteria
8、is open.C. Meet each other later in the day.D. Leave the museum temporarily.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: I know the museum cafeteria isnt open yet, but these paintings of food are so realistic that they are making me hungry!W: Me too. Lets go out and find a restaurant and come back later.Q: What are the speakers
9、 most likely to do?6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman mean?A. The man will find a job if he perseveres.B. The man should keep his current job.C. The man can get a job where the woman works.D. The man should look for a job in a different field.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Ive been looking for a job for mont
10、hs. I cant find anything in my field.W: I know how you feel, but you should keep at it. Eventually something will come up.Q: What does the woman mean?7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the womans problem be settled?A. She will get her money back from the shop.B. She will have to talk to the manager about
11、 it.C. She can exchange the T-shirt for a larger one.D. She can complain to the after-sale service department.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Id like to talk to someone about the T-shirt. It has shrunk to half its original size.M: Sorry, madam, weve had a lot of complaints about the T-shirts. Dont worry. You will r
12、eceive a full refund.Q: How will the womans problem be settled?8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can we learn from the conversation?A. It is a hot and smoggy day.B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.【答案】C【解析】原文】W: Good morning! This
13、 is Clean Air Hot Line. May I help you?M: Yes, Id like to report a smoking vehicle running on King Street.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman mean?A. The price for rent is beyond them.B. The neighborhood is not near enough.C. They can rent it as soon a
14、s possible.D. They dont need a new apartment.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Helen told me about an apartment for rent in her building.W: Everything in that neighborhood is out of our price range.Q: What does the woman mean?10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do the man and woman say about the restaurant?A. They are its reg
15、ular customers.B. They like the Italian food best.C. They prefer the new chef there.D. They are disappointed at its changes.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: I used to eat at this place regularly. For years, they had the best Italian food in town.W: I agree. It was one of my favorites too until they redecorated and h
16、ired a new chef.Q: What do the man and woman say about the restaurant?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read
17、twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Why does the speaker suggest not driving to the museums?A. There
18、is not enough parking space.B. Parking on the street is not allowed.C. New drivers may not find the museums.D. It is not environmental-friendly to drive.12. When do the museums open?A. 8:30.B. 9:00.C. 9:30.D. 10:00.13. How can visitors continue their exploration of the museums after the visit?A. By
19、attending school.B. By using the Internet.C. By conducting studies.D. By arranging activities.【答案】11. A 12. D 13. B【解析】【原文】With much to see and do at our museums, we have some tips to make your visit with us a memorable one.Before you arrive, please plan ahead. Learn what exciting activities and exh
20、ibitions may be available during your stay, as well as hours and directions, by visiting our website, sending an e-mail for information, or calling 202-633-1000. Wear comfortable shoes. Our museums cover an area from 3rd to 14th Street. Please ride, dont drive, or use the Metro to visit us as on-str
21、eet parking is limited.When you arrive, please start your visit at the Information Center. Located in the Castle, it is open daily from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM, one and a half hours earlier than the museums. Here, you can ask questions and obtain various leaflets. Explore any exhibition or gallery that c
22、atches your attention and participate. Visit the Air and Space Museum, American Indian Museum. Visit the Museum Stores, see a film at the Air and Space Museum or Natural History Museum, or just have a walk through our gardens.After your visit, talk about the things you see and connect them to what y
23、ou are learning at home or at school. Keep your curiosity. You can continue your museum adventure with virtual activities by learning online.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What did Starbucks mainly sell in the 1970s?A. Coffee beans.B. Unique coffee drinks.C. Excellent service.D. A comfortable a
24、tmosphere.15. What is the secret of Starbucks success according to the passage?A. Offering high quality coffee to customers.B. Introducing European brands to America.C. Giving customers a complete satisfying experience.D. Selling expensive coffee to make the brand unique.16. What is this passage mai
25、nly about?A. The current worth of Starbucks.B. The development of Starbucks.C. The co-founder of Starbucks.D. The first branch of Starbucks.【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B【解析】【原文】The United States didnt invent coffee but they did invent modern coffee shop culture. Coffee sales are generally worth more than $1
26、00 billion now, compared with those decades ago. It all began with one business in particular Starbucks, an American company that has become a global brand.The first branch of Starbucks was opened in 1971 by three friends in Pike Place Market located in downtown Seattle. At that time, people made co
27、ffee at home or bought them at restaurants. So, in the 1970s, Starbucks was nothing more than a coffee bean supplier.In 1983 Howard Schultz, one of the co-founders of Starbucks, traveled to Milan and was amazed by local coffee shops. He saw the opportunity to bring that concept to the U.S. By learni
28、ng from the experience of European coffee shops, he found that what really mattered was not where people walked into but what customers could expect. He suggested that Starbucks cultural value should rely on giving their customer a complete experience: quality coffee, excellent service and a unique
29、atmosphere. Now everybody talks about experience, but Starbucks had that in mind in the 1980s. That was the secret that enabled Starbucks to charge more than $3 for a cup of coffee at that time. And now, as we all know, based on Schultzs concept, Starbucks is one of the coffee giants in the world.听下
30、面一段较长对话,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Why does the man want to rent a car?A. Because he needs a luxury car to show off.B. Because his own car is not available.C. Because the meeting place is far away.D. Because he cannot drive a manual car.18. How much does the man need to pay in total?A. 3,600 yuan.B
31、. 4,000 yuan.C. 7,600 yuan.D. 10,000 yuan.19. What should the man do when the rental period is over?A. Refill the tank of the gas.B. Present a valid credit card.C. Mail the key to the rental company.D. Drive the car back to where he rents it.20. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Driving ski
32、lls.B. Car rental.C. Insurance policy.D. Car brands.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】W: Good afternoon, Sir. Can I help you?M: Oh, I do hope so. Im going to Hangzhou to attend a meeting and my car just broke down. Do you happen to have a car available right now?W: What sort of car do you have in m
33、ind and for how many days?M: I prefer an automatic car of those luxury brands and I need it for three days.W: We have a BMW 740 right now in the parking lot. It is a pretty new one and our price is 1,200 yuan per day with unlimited distance. We require a rental deposit of 4,000 yuan now, but you wil
34、l get it back after the rental service is done.M: Does that include everything?W: We offer unlimited distance allowance and special insurance that pays for repair of any damage.M: OK, I think I will have that one. Where can I return the car once the rental period is up?W: Well, we have parking lots
35、near every major airport and railway station. You just return the car there and leave the key to our staff in the parking lot. Or you can put the key in the drop box of our rental offices if you cant find our staff at the parking lot.M: Do I have to return the car with a full tank of gas? I know tha
36、t is the standard procedure with most rental companies.W: Yes, unless you are willing to pre-pay for the gas now. Review the car please before you drive off the lot. If the gas tank is not full or if you see some damage, please inform us immediately.M: Thank you for reminding me of that. Im quite cl
37、ear how this all works now.W: Lovely! Now may I have your drivers license and credit card for a moment, please? And here is our rental agreement. Please carefully review it and then sign your name here.M: OK.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blank
38、s to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Melbourne: So lovely. So. livable.Every year, the Economis
39、t Intelligence Unit (EIU) releases a list of 140 cities and ranks them in terms of their “livability”. Melbourne _21_ (top) the list for the fifth year running.The rankings rate “relative comfort” for more than 30 factors across five categories: stability, health care, education, infrastructure (基础设
40、施), and culture and environment. The final scores _22_ (calculate) as a percentage ranging from 1 (“intolerable”) to a perfect score of 100 (“ideal”).Take a look at the top 10 cities, and you will find that half of _23_ are in Australia and New Zealand, three in Canada, and two in Europe. Theyre all
41、 medium-size cities in prosperous countries, _24_ relatively low population densities. Its an equation (平衡，制衡局面) that leads to low crime rates and a functional infrastructure.Does that mean non-Melbournians should all pack up and move to the worlds _25_ (livable) metropolis? Not necessarily._26_ the
42、 top 10 cities in the EIUs rankings may be pleasant to live in, theyre not high on most peoples lists of top cities to visit. After all, they are not cities _27_ (describe) as dynamic (充满活力的). Before Melbourne assumed the No. 1 ranking, it was Vancouver _28_ came out on top for almost a decade its i
43、ncredible stability.“I find Melbourne a really boring town, so more livable means really dull,” said a policeman in Australia. “I live in Sydney because its interesting, not because its comfortable.”Raised is the question whether you want to live in a livable city or a dynamic one. Big cities like T
44、okyo, London and New York suffer in the rankings because of higher crime rates and overburdened infrastructure, _29_ drags down the rating of how “comfortable” they are. Yet theyre hard_30_ (beat) when it comes to recreational offerings, including nightlife, culture and entertainment.【答案】21. has top
45、ped 22. are calculated 23. them 24. with 25. most livable 26. Though/ Although/ While 27. described 28. that 29. which 30. to beat【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了非常宜居的墨尔本城市。【21题详解】考查动词时态。句意：墨尔本已经连续五年位居榜首。根据后文的the fifth year running可知，此处是指从过去一直延续到现在的动作，需要用现在完成时态。故填has topped。【22题详解】考查语态。句意：最终分数以百分制计算，从1(“无法忍受”)到满分
46、100(“理想”)。本句主语是The final scores，谓语动词是calculate，主谓之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态，此处是描述现在的事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数。故填are calculated。【23题详解】考查代词。句意：看看排名前10的城市，你会发现其中一半在澳大利亚和新西兰，三个在加拿大，两个在欧洲。此处需要用代词指代前文的top 10 cities，用第三人称复数形式they。空前有介词of，介词后面加宾格。故填them。【24题详解】考查介词。句意：它们都是富裕国家的中等规模城市，人口密度相对较低。此处“人口密度相对较低”是对前面的解释，需要用with
47、连接，做伴随状语。故填with。【25题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这是否意味着非墨尔本人应该收拾行装，搬到世界上最宜居的大都市？不一定。根据语境及前文的the可知，此处需要用最高级。故填most livable。【26题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管经济学人智库排名的前10位城市可能是令人愉快的居住城市，但它们在大多数人心目中的旅游城市排名并不靠前。根据句意，此处前后句是让步关系，表示让步的连接词有though/ although/ while。故填Though/ Although/ While。【27题详解】考查过去分词。句意：毕竟，它们不是被描述为充满活力的城市。describe与
48、cities是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词做后置定语。故填described。【28题详解】考查强调句。句意：温哥华以其令人难以置信的稳定，在近十年的时间里一直位居榜首。本句的强调句句型，it be +被强调部分+that.，此处被强调部分是Vancouver。故填that。【29题详解】考查定语从句。句意：像东京、伦敦和纽约这样的大城市由于较高的犯罪率和不堪重负的基础设施而在排名中受损，这拉低了这些城市“舒适程度”的排名。本句的非限制性定语从句，从句修饰前面整个句子，在从句中做主语，应用which引导。故填which。【30题详解】考查不定式。句意：然而，当谈到娱乐产品，包括夜生活、文化和娱乐
49、时，他们很难被击败。此处用不定式做定语，修饰they。故填to beat。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. developed B. roughly C. standards D. inseparable E. awareness F. sustainableG. definitely H. tran
50、sform I. vegetarian J. inform K. importedHow Big is the Ecological Footprint of Your Food?There is no doubt that eating less meat is good for our planet. However, if you are not ready to give up meat entirely, how to make a more _31_ choice? Or have you ever thought about where the fish in your soup
51、 comes from? Or have you ever wondered how to reduce environmental impact of your meals?We are what we eat! confirms the important notion that food and human are _32_. Food is culture, a sense of identity and a personal preference. But globally, our food system accounts for _33_ a quarter of manmade
52、 greenhouse gas emissions. Thats why we should rethink our food consumption and include “the good food for the planet Earth” into our next recipe!An expert from WWF Sweden (瑞典世界自然基金会) discussed the role of WWF at one meeting about future food. WWF Sweden aims to _34_ production and consumption of fo
53、od to increase sustainability. There are three interesting tools _35_ by WWF Sweden that can help you to make the right choice on food consumption.“Our Planet Plate” is a campaign with which WWF Sweden hopes to raise climate change _36_ about food consumption. Aiming to address the goal of the Paris
54、 Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, WWF provides information on how much greenhouse gases a meal should release to achieve the goal.WWF Food Calculator is a tool that gives you an idea of how much greenhouse gas emissions your breakfast, lunch or dinner leads to. This tool can _37_ ho
55、w much carbon dioxide is released from the ingredients you use to cook. If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week. You do not have to be _38_ to reach this goal, but you have to be creative with your
56、 recipes. For instance, you could choose free-range meat or opt for local fish over mass-produced meat or _39_ fish.Initiated by SLU, a Meat-Guide has been taken up and expanded by WWF Sweden since 2015. The Meat-Guide bases on five _40_ of climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare
57、and antibiotics. You can download the Meat-Guide app onto your phone and use it the next time you do your groceries.【答案】31. F 32. D 33. B 34. H 35. A 36. E 37. J 38. I 39. K 40. C【解析】本文为说明文。食物和人类是相互依存的，但是在全球范围内，我们的食品系统占人为温室气体排放的四分之一，我们应该重新思考我们的食物消费，减少饮食对环境的影响。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，如果你还没有准备好完全放弃肉类，如何做出一
58、个更可持续的选择？ 分析句子成分可知，此处作定语，故应用形容词，结合句意，“sustainable(可持续的)”符合语境，故选F。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：“我们吃什么就是什么!”证实了一个重要的概念，即食物和人是不可分割的。分析句子成分可知，所设空作表语，“食物和人是密不可分的（inseparable）”，故inseparable符合语境，故选D。【33题详解】考查副词。句意：但就全球而言，我们的食品系统约占人类温室气体排放的四分之一。分析句子成分并结合语境，此处应用副词，意为“大约，大概”，roughly符合句意，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：世界自然基金会瑞典分会旨在改变食
59、品的生产和消费，以提高可持续性。根据其前的“aims to”可知应用动词原形，结合句意，“transform(改变)”符合语境，故选H。【35题详解】考查过去分词。句意：瑞典世界自然基金会开发了三种有趣的工具，可以帮助你在食物消费上做出正确的选择。分析句子成分可知，“ _5_ by WWF Sweden”作后置定语，结合句意，“由瑞典世界自然基金会开发（develop）的三个有趣的工具”， “开发（develop）”与“three interesting tools”之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，即developed，故选A。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：“Our Planet Plate
60、”是瑞典世界自然基金会发起的一项运动，旨在提高人们对食物消费的气候变化意识。分析句子结构可知，所设空处应用名词，作宾语，与其前的raise构成固定搭配“raise awareness”，意为“提高意识”，所以填awareness，故选E。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：这个工具可以告诉你烹饪所用的食材释放了多少二氧化碳。分析句子成分可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意，“inform(告诉，报告)”符合语境，故选J。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：你不必成为素食者来达到这个目标，但你必须创造性地使用你的食谱。根据语境，上文提到“If you want to reach the goal of 1.5
61、degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week(如果你想达到减排1.5度的目标，你就需要每周食用约11公斤二氧化碳当量的食物)”可知，为了达到这个目标，你不必成为“素食者（vegetarian）”，vegetarian符合语境，故选I。【39题详解】考查过去分词。句意：例如，你可以选择自由放养的肉，或者选择本地的鱼，而不是大量生产的肉或进口的鱼。结合句意，与上文“local fish(本地的鱼)”对比，此处意为“进口的（import
62、ed）鱼”，故选K。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：肉类指南基于气候、生物多样性、化学农药、动物福利和抗生素等五个标准。结合句意，“climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics”为肉类指南所设立的五个“标准（standards）”，故选C。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
63、B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ecotourism is often regarded as a form of nature-based tourism and has become an important alternative source of tourists. It is broadly defined as low _41_ travel to endangered and often undisturbed locations. It is d
64、ifferent from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas. And it often provides funds for conservation and _42_ the economic development of places that are frequently poverty-stricken.Ecotourism and other forms of sustainable travel have their _43_ with the
65、 environmental movement of the 1970s. Ecotourism itself did not become prevalent (流行的) as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness and a desire to travel to natural locations as _44_ to built up tourist locations made ecotourism desirable.Since then
66、, several different organizations specializing in ecotourism have developed and many different people have become experts on it. Martha D. Honey, PhD, a co-founder of the Center for Responsible Tourism, _45_, is just one of many ecotourism experts.Opportunities for ecotourism exist in many different
67、 locations worldwide and its activities can vary _46_.Madagascar, for instance, is famous for its ecotourist activity as it is a biodiversity hotspot, but also has a high priority for environmental conservation and is devoted to reducing poverty. Conservation International says that 80% of the count
68、rys animals and 90% of its plants are _47_ to the island. Madagascars lemurs (马达加斯加狐猴) are just one of many _48_ that people visit the island to see.Because the islands government is _49_ to conservation, ecotourism is allowed in small numbers because education and funds from the travel will make it
69、 easier in the future. _50_, this tourist revenue also aids in reducing the countrys poverty.Despite the popularity of ecotourism in the above-mentioned examples, there are several _51_ of ecotourism as well. The first of these is that there is no one definition of the term so it is difficult to kno
70、w which trips are _52_ considered ecotourism.Critics of ecotourism also cite that increased tourism to _53_ areas or ecosystems without proper planning and management can actually harm the ecosystem and its species because the infrastructure needed to sustain tourism such as roads can contribute to
71、environmental degradation (恶化).Ecotourism is also said by critics to have a negative impact on _54_ communities because the arrival of foreign visitors and wealth can shift political and economic conditions and sometimes make the area _55_ tourism instead of the domestic economic practices.Regardles
72、s of these criticisms though, ecotourism and tourism, in general, are increasing in popularity all over the globe and tourism plays a large role in many worldwide economies.41 A. impactB. frequencyC. standardD. profit42 A. undergoesB. supervisesC. benefitsD. ignores43. A. agenciesB. impactsC. obstac
73、lesD. origins44. A. addictedB. opposedC. reducedD. attached45. A. in particularB. in a senseC. as a resultD. for example46. A. widelyB. accordinglyC. respectivelyD. naturally47. A. subjectB. fatalC. peculiarD. close48. A. residentsB. speciesC. propertiesD. locations49. A. restrictedB. accustomedC. c
74、onnectedD. committed50. A. After allB. On occasionC. By contrastD. In addition51. A. perspectivesB. consequencesC. criticismsD. methods52. A. brieflyB. trulyC. luckilyD. carefully53. A. sensitiveB. inaccessibleC. cultivatedD. vast54. A. agriculturalB. remoteC. localD. divided55. A. depend onB. diffe
75、r fromC. deal withD. dig into【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游的发展和生态旅游的优缺点，并说明了生态旅游和旅游业在全球越来越受欢迎，旅游业在许多世界经济中扮演着重要角色。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它被广泛定义为前往濒危和通常未受干扰的地点的低影响旅行。A. impact影响；B. frequency频率；C. standard标准；D. profit利润
76、。根据上文的“It is broadly defined as”可知，此处描述生态旅游，应为对自然影响低的旅游。故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还经常为环境保护提供资金，对贫困地区的经济发展有益。A. undergoes经历；B. supervises监督；C. benefits对有益；D. ignores忽视。根据上文“it often provides funds for conservation（它经常为环境保护提供资金）”可知，此处描述生态旅游的好处，可以推断，应为“对贫困地区的经济发展有益”。故选C项。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游和其他形式的可持续
77、旅游都起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。A. agencies代理；B. impacts影响；C. obstacles障碍；D. origins起源。根据后文“Ecotourism itself did not become prevalent (流行的) as a travel concept until the late 1980s.（直到1980年代末，生态旅游本身作为一个旅游概念并没有成为流行的。）”讲述可持续旅游的发展，可以推断，此处应为“可持续旅游起源于环保运动”。故选D项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，人们的环保意识不断增强，人们希望到自然环境中旅游，而不
78、是建造旅游景点，这使得生态旅游成为人们向往的旅游方式。A. addicted使上瘾；B. opposed使对立；C. reduced减少；D. attached 附上。“built up tourist locations（建造旅游景点）”与“natural locations （自然环境地点）”是相反的概念”应用“opposed”。故选B项。【45题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Martha D. Honey是负责任旅游中心的联合创始人，她只是众多生态旅游专家之一。A. in particular尤其；B. in a sense在某种意义上；C. as a result在某种意义上；D.
79、 for example例如。前文提到“several different organizations specializing in ecotourism have developed and many different people have become experts on it.（几个专门从事生态旅游的不同组织已经发展起来，许多不同的人已经成为这方面的专家。）”，Martha D. Hone是生态旅游专家的一个例子，可以推断，此处为举例子。故选D项。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游的机会存在于世界各地许多不同的地方，其活动可以有很大的差异。A. widely广泛地；B
80、. accordingly 因此；C. respectively分别地；D. naturally自然地。根据“Opportunities for ecotourism exist in many different locations worldwide（生态旅游的机会存在于世界各地许多不同的地方）”以及后文对生态旅游的支持或者批评态度，可以推断，此处为“活动差异很大”。故选A项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国际保护组织表示，该国80%的动物和90%的植物都是该岛特有的。A. subject易遭受的；B. fatal致命的；C. peculiar特殊的；D. close紧密的。根据
81、前文“ biodiversity hotspot（生物多样性热点地区）”以及根据常识可以推断，此处为“该国80%的动物和90%的植物都是该岛特有的”。故选C项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马达加斯加狐猴只是人们到岛上观赏的众多物种中的一种。A. residents居民；B. species物种；C. properties道具；D. locations地点。根据常识可知，马达加斯加狐猴是生物物种，可以推断，此处应为“马达加斯加狐猴只是众多物种之一”。故选B项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于该岛政府致力于生态保护，允许少数人进行生态旅游，因为旅游业的教育和资金将使未来的生态
82、旅游变得更容易。A. restricted受限制的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. connected连接的；D. committed效忠的。根据后文“ ecotourism is allowed in small numbers （允许少数人进行生态旅游）”以及后文“Despite the popularity of ecotourism in the above-mentioned examples（尽管在上述例子中生态旅游很受欢迎）”，可以推断，马达加斯加的政府致力于生态保护。be committed to“致力于”。故选D项。【50题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，这种旅游
83、收入也有助于减少该国的贫困。A. After all毕竟；B. On occasion有时；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In addition另外。前文“education and funds from the travel will make it easier in the future（旅游业的教育和资金将使未来的生态旅游变得更容易）”和后文的“ reducing the countrys poverty（减少贫困）”都是致力于生态旅游的好处，可以推断，此处应为“In addition”。故选D项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管生态旅游在上述例子中很受欢迎，但
84、也有一些对生态旅游的批评。A. perspectives看法；B. consequences后果；C. criticisms批评；D. methods方法。上述例子表示欢迎，且根据句中“Despite（尽管）”表转折，故此处应为“有一些对生态旅游的批评”。故选C项。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先，生态旅游这个术语并没有统一的定义，所以很难知道哪些旅游是真正意义上的生态旅游。A. briefly短暂地；B. truly真正地；C. luckily幸运地；D. carefully小心地。根据“there is no one definition of the term （生态旅游这个术
85、语并没有统一的定义）”，可以推断，此处应为“不知道哪些旅游是真正意义上的生态旅游”。故选B项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游的批评者还指出，在没有适当规划和管理的情况下，增加对敏感地区或生态系统的旅游，实际上会损害生态系统及其物种，因为维持旅游业所需的基础设施，如道路，可能导致环境退化。A. sensitive敏感的；B. inaccessible难达到的；C. cultivated有教养的；D. vast广阔的。根据“ actually harm the ecosystem and its species（实际上会损害生态系统及其物种）”可以推断，此处应为“敏感地区”。故选
86、A项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：批评人士还说，生态旅游对当地社区也有负面影响，因为外国游客和财富的到来会改变政治和经济状况，有时会使该地区依赖旅游业，而不是国内的经济实践。A. agricultural农业的；B. remote遥远的；C. local当地的；D. divided分裂的。根据后文“the arrival of foreign visitors and wealth （外国游客和财富的到来）”以及常识，可以推断，此处为旅游会对当地社区产生影响。故选C项。【55题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：批评人士还说，生态旅游对当地社区也有负面影响，因为外国游客和财富的到来会改变政
87、治和经济状况，有时会使该地区依赖旅游业，而不是国内的经济实践。A. depend on依赖；B. differ from与不同；C. deal with处理；D. dig into钻研。根据后文的“the domestic economic practices（国内的经济实践）”，可以推断，此处为“会使该地区发展依赖旅游业，而不是依赖经济实践”。故选A项。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第10小题，前文“education and funds from the travel will make it eas
88、ier in the future（旅游业的教育和资金将使未来的生态旅游变得更容易）”和后文的“ reducing the countrys poverty（减少贫困）”都是致力于生态旅游的好处，可以推断，此处应为“In addition”。故选D项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked
89、 A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One rainy afternoon, I was on a crosstown bus when a young woman jumped on. She had a child with her who must have been about 3 or 4 years old.The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon go
90、t noisy as her kid began crying because he couldnt sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they werent together. She was flustered and looked embarrassed.Then another woman, a little older, stood up and moved so that the mother and child could sit together. The mom smiled as a
91、 thank-you. And then three words came out of the older womans mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “Ive been there”.Simple, undramatic and honest. In that moment, it seemed to unite people. Why? Because almost all experiences are shared human experiences. We forget that, as we for
92、ge (前进) through life, focused on our own troubles and needswhich are actually less unique than we think. How can these three words create more connection in your life? Ask yourself: “Where am I holding back?One thing I know for sure is this: Healing others helps heal yourself. I noticed this recentl
93、y with my friend, Tracy, who took a new friend who had suffered a miscarriage under her wing. Tracy had three of them before having her daughter two years ago. Our intellect needs a doctor to explain the medical side of things, yes. But our souls need human connection to help us along. No one can do
94、 that better than someone who has been exactly where you are.Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someones uncomfortable
95、because were all in this together.56. The underlined word “flustered” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A. angryB. anxiousC. scaredD. upset57. What does the woman mean by saying “ Ive been there”in the third paragraph？A. The woman was on the bus and saw what had happened to the boy.
96、B. The woman got to her destination and was ready to get off the bus.C. The woman once had the similar experience with that mother.D. The woman took the exact seat that the boy was on just now.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Everyone has his or her own uniqu
97、e problem that is difficult to solve.B. Doctors can help us get through when we have mental or physical problems.C. The authors friend Tracy felt better after she was comforted by her new friend.D. One can indeed make a difference to those in need of help by doing simple things.59. The passage is in
98、tended to _.A. show a harmonious world by telling some touching storiesB. praise those who are willing to help others in emergenciesC. appeal to readers to give timely help to those in needD. illustrate some ways of helping others in detail【答案】56. D 57. C 58. D 59. C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章由作者在公交车上看到一位老太太给一
99、对母子让座，老太太对那位母亲说Ive been there.(我也经历过)而引发了对这三个字的思考，并联想到自身小时候家中贫困的经历。作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历，这三个字可以帮助安慰别人现在的痛苦，将人们联系在一起。【56题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldnt sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they werent t
100、ogether(巴士满了人，颠簸不平，很快就变得很吵，因为她的孩子哭了起来，因为他不能坐在妈妈旁边。有两个空位，但他们不在一起).”可知，她很心慌，显得很尴尬。第二段中划线词“flustered”意思最接近于upset (不安的)，故选D。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older womans mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “Ive been there”(母亲微笑着表示
101、感谢。然后，老太太嘴里说出的三个字让整个旅程充满活力: 我经历过).”可知，这个老太太曾经和那位母亲有过类似的经历。故选C。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that s
102、omeones uncomfortablebecause were all in this together.( 这三个词的精髓能帮你改变现状吗?这可以是非常简单的事情:主动让座，分享一些有用的建议，甚至当你注意到有人感到不舒服时，你可以开个玩笑来缓和气氛，因为我们都共在一处。)”可知，一个人确实可以通过做一些简单的事情来改变那些需要帮助的人，故选D。【59题详解】目的意图题。根据最后一段“Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as
103、 .because were all in this together.( 这三个词的精髓能帮你改变现状吗?这可以是非常简单的事情:，因为我们都共在一处。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁读者及时帮助那些需要帮助的人，故选C。(B)VersonShock U.S Patent #US8,555,526 B2. May be eligible for Medicare reimbursement. This product is not intended to treat, cure or prevent any disease. $30 off applies to orders of $100
104、or more for a limited time. Cannot be combined with other offers. 9% CA sales tax applies to orders in California. Shoes must be returned within 30 days in like-new condition for full refund or exchange. Credit card authorization required. See website for complete details.60. Walking in shoes made b
105、y Gravity Defyer Corp., ones pain can be relieved in the following parts except _.A. Ankle.B. Neck.C. Knee.D. Back.61. Which of the following is TRUE of the shoes?A. Women have more choices of shoe colour than men.B. One can enjoy $30 off if his order is more than $100.C. Consumers can return shoes
106、within 30 days for full refund.D. Those who place orders in California dont need to pay extra sales tax.62. Where does this passage most probably appear?A. A science journal.B. A travel brochure.C. An advertisement column.D. An entertainment magazine.【答案】60. B 61. A 62. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。广告的内容是关于一款有助于
107、抵消地心引力的鞋子，它能使有脚底筋膜炎或脚跟骨刺或背部疼痛等毛病的人的生活没有疼痛。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的“Results of a double-blind study conducted by Olive View UCLA Medical Centre ”(一份由Olive View UCLA Medical Centre 医疗中心开展的双盲调研结果) 调研结果可知，它只提到knee（膝盖）、back（背部）、ankle（脚踝）和foot（脚）四处的疼痛有减轻，但是没提到脖子是否有减轻。故选B。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据文中提供的“Mens size ”下面有三种颜色（
108、gray, black, blue）选择，而“Womens size”下面提供了四种颜色（gray,white, purple,salmon）供选择，可知女款的颜色比男款多。故选A。【62题详解】推理判断题。本篇广告的内容是关于一款有助于抵消地心引力的鞋子，它能使有脚底筋膜炎或脚跟骨刺或背部疼痛等毛病的人的生活没有疼痛。根据文中的促销广告句子“$30 off applies to orders of $100 or more for a limited time.”（ 限时满100减30） “Shoes must be returned within 30 days in like-new c
109、ondition for full refund or exchange.”（30天内鞋子是新的状况下可全额退款或换货）可推知，这是一则卖鞋的广告。故选C。【点睛】图片广告类题目，要掌握略读技能，不能被文中的新词牵制住，会快速提取有效信息。本文图片中有较多的新词，但是当带着题目任务去阅读时，答案仍是相对易得的。(C)A recent survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre showed that a mere 16% of Americans think that a four-year degree course prepares studen
110、ts very well for a high-paying job in the modern economy. But technology also seems to be complicating the picture.A paper published by a trio (三人小组) of Canadian economists, Paul Beaudry, David Green and Benjamin Sand, questions optimistic assumptions about demand for non-routine work and shows that
111、 since 2000 the share of employment accounted for by high-skilled jobs in America has been falling. This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment. Skilled and unskilled workers alike are in trouble. Those with a better education are still more likely to find work,
112、but there is now a fair chance that it will be unenjoyable. Those who never made it to college face being squeezed out of the workforce altogether. This is the argument of the techno-pessimists.There is another, less pessimistic possibility. James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds tha
113、t since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation can actually increase demand by reducing costs. But even though technology may not destroy jobs in all, it does force change upon many people.In many occupations it has bec
114、ome essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skillswhat its boss, Matt Sigelman, ca
115、lls “hybrid jobs”. The composition of new jobs is also changing rapidly.A college degree at the start of a working career does not answer the need for the continuous acquisition of new skills, especially as career spans (持续时间) are lengthening. Vocational training is good at giving people job-specifi
116、c skills, but those, too, will need to be updated over and over again during a career lasting decades. Vocational training has a role, but training someone early to do one thing all their lives is not the answer to lifelong learning.Add all of this up, and it becomes clear that times have got toughe
117、r for workers of all kinds. A college degree is still a prerequisite (必备条件) for many jobs, but employers often do not trust it enough to hire workers just on the strength of that, without experience. In many occupations workers on company payrolls face the prospect that their existing skills will be
118、come outdated, yet it is often not obvious how they can gain new ones.63. We can learn from the paper conducted by the Canadian economists that _.A. employment has been shaken by technologyB. college degree is a necessity in career successC. skilled workers are no longer required in most American in
119、dustriesD. techno-pessimism paves the way for future technology development64. James Bessen believes that _.A. increased demand can bring about cost reductionB. progressive automation is beneficial to companiesC. technology advancement has a positive impact on most peopleD. computer has always been
120、an essential factor in employment65. Burning Glass Technologies is mentioned as an example to show that _.A. online job advertisements require a precise data analysisB. acquisition of new skills is essential in current job marketC. the composition of new jobs is shaped by technologyD. Matt Sigelman
121、predicts a bright future of job market66. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Lifelong Learning: an Economic PriorityB. Technology Revolution: the Way to SuccessC. College Degree: a Guarantee for Career ChangeD. Vocational Training: a Blessing for Job Seekers【答案】63. A 64. B 65.
122、B 66. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件，但是现有技术可能会过时，要不断获取新技能。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment.（这一分析支持了一种观点，即技术已经对就业造成了打击。）”可知，我们可以从加拿大经济学家的论文中了解到就业受到了科技的冲击。故选A项。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“James Bessen, an economist at Boston Universit
123、y, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation can actually increase demand by reducing costs.（波士顿大学的经济学家James Bessen发现，自1980年以来，使用电脑的职业的就业增长速度比不使用电脑的职业要快。部分自动化实际上可以通过降低成本来增加需求。）”可知，渐进式自动化对公司有益。故选B项。【65题详解】推
124、理判断题。根据第四段“In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations
125、of skillswhat its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”.（在许多职业中，由于现有技能已经过时，获得新技能已成为必要。波士顿的新兴公司Burning Glass Technologies通过获取网上招聘广告的数据来分析劳动力市场，发现市场对新技能组合的需求最大该公司老板Matt Sigelman称之为“混合工作”。）”可知，以Burning Glass Technologies为例说明了在目前的就业市场上，获得新技能是必不可少的。故选B项。【66题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件，但是现有技术
126、可能会过时，要不断获取新技能。可知，在现代经济时代首先要注意的是终身学习。A选项“终身学习:经济上的优先”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.How to Leave Work at WorkSome jobs
127、 have very clear lines between when youre “on” and when youre “off,” while in others the lines are vague or potentially nonexistent. _67_As a time management coach, Ive found these three steps can help. I encourage you to challenge yourself to gradually implement these changes and see how much you c
128、an leave your work at workboth physically and mentallyin 2020.Step 1: Define “After Hours”If you have a traditional 9-to-5 job, your hours are set for you. _68_ If your employer has a certain number of hours that youre expected to work each week, start by seeing how to fit those hours around your fi
129、xed personal commitments, like taking your kids to school or extracurricular activities. When do you need to start and stop to put in the proper work time?Step 2: Have Mental ClarityNext, make sure you have mental clarity on what needs to get done and when you will complete it. This includes having
130、a place where you write down the many tasks that you need to do, whether thats in a notebook, a task management app, a project management system, or in your calendar. _69_ Then once you have this list, plan out your work. This planning reduce anxiety that something will fall through the cracks or th
131、at youll miss a deadline. The final part of increasing your mental clarity is to have an end-of-workday wrap-up.Step 3: Get Work Done at WorkIt may seem crazy to say this, but I want to encourage you to give yourself permission to do work at work. For many, they perceive “real work” as something the
132、y reserve for post-5 or 6 pm, after everyone else has left the office or after theyve tucked their kids in bed for the night. _70_ But if you want to stop feeling distracted by work after hours, you need to actually do your work during the day.As individuals, we need a mental break to do our best wo
133、rk, and taking time for ourselves without the distraction of work can help us become our best selves. I cant guarantee that thoughts about work will never cross your mind, but with these four steps, you can reduce how much youre distracted by work after hours.A. That makes not being distracted by wo
134、rk a major challenge.B. This gives them a more generous time period to wrap items up.C. A flexible schedule allows employees to work hours that differ from the normal company time.D. But if you work flexible hours, you need to think through when you want to be on and off the clock.E. People have thi
135、s mindset because this time can seem like the few precious hours when they are not interrupted.F. The important point is that youre not lying in bed at night trying to remember everything on your mental to-do list.【答案】67. A 68. D 69. F 70. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在工作中完成工作，不分心的方法策略。【67题详解】上文“Some jobs have
136、 very clear lines between when youre “on” and when youre “off,” while in others the lines are vague or potentially nonexistent.（有些工作在你“上班”和“下班”之间有非常明确的界限，而在其他工作中，界限很模糊或者根本不存在。）”，描述现象，下文“As a time management coach, Ive found these three steps can help.（作为一名时间管理教练，我发现这三个步骤很有帮助。）”提出解决方法，A项“That makes n
137、ot being distracted by work a major challenge.（这使得不被工作分心成为一大挑战。）”承上启下，提出问题，符合逻辑。故选A项。【68题详解】前文“If you have a traditional 9-to-5 job, your hours are set for you.（如果你有一份朝九晚五的传统工作，你的工作时间是为你设定的。）”描述了传统设定工作时间的工作，后文提出该如何安排详细时间的问题，D项“But if you work flexible hours, you need to think through when you want t
138、o be on and off the clock.（但如果你的工作时间灵活，你就需要考虑清楚你希望什么时候上班，什么时候下班。）”与前文传统工作对应，为下文应对灵活工作时间进行计划安排做铺垫。故选D项。【69题详解】前文“This includes having a place where you write down the many tasks that you need to do, whether thats in a notebook, a task management app, a project management system, or in your calendar.（
139、这包括在一个地方写下你需要做的许多任务，可以是在笔记本上、任务管理应用程序上、项目管理系统上，也可以是在日历上。）”表明要计划任务，F项“The important point is that youre not lying in bed at night trying to remember everything on your mental to-do list.（重要的一点是，你不必晚上躺在床上试图记住你脑子里要做的事情。）”描述了做计划的好处，符合逻辑，且F项“to-do list”与后文“this list”相对应。故选F项。【70题详解】前文“For many, they perc
140、eive “real work” as something they reserve for post-5 or 6 pm, after everyone else has left the office or after theyve tucked their kids in bed for the night.（对很多人来说，他们认为“真正的工作”是下午5点或6点以后的事情，在大家都下班了，或者哄孩子上床睡觉之后。）”描述了人们习惯的工作时间，E项“People have this mindset because this time can seem like the few precio
141、us hours when they are not interrupted.（人们之所以会有这种心态，是因为这段时间似乎是几个没有被打扰的宝贵时间。）”中的“the few precious hours when they are not interrupted”与前文“after everyone else has left the office or after theyve tucked their kids in bed for the night.”相对应。故选E项。IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following pass
142、age. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Will people reduce car use in 20 years？Nowadays, the ownership of cars is no longer being recognized as a symbol of ones wealth and social position. Tracking back to the
143、past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldnt help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to peoples daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects. These rising problems also cause some
144、 people to predict that the use of cars might be reduced in two decades.Above all, the use of cars remarkably threatens our environment, if such a tendency is not brought under control in time, the Earth will no longer be a suitable place for humans to survive in the future. People have to face the
145、consequence. It is a reality from which no one is able to escape. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on
146、weather. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In order to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, people ought to reduce the use of cars.In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars. If s
147、uch a tendency continues, the effect will be shown in the near future. For example, to reach the goal of building a safe and harmonious society, Beijing Traffic Management Bureau has restricted regional traffic in rush hours on working days. A number of private cars are prohibited on no-driving-days
148、.Last, the advancement of public transportation systems also helps change car owners way of travelling. Efforts are being made to construct more agreeable networks of buses, subways, trains and airplanes. In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public v
149、ehicles.【答案】Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to peoples life, cars have caused many negative effects. First, by emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. Besides, energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society. Therefore, the government has
150、taken various measures like restrictions. Last, public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech. (58words)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有汽车已不是财富和社会地位的象征，有车一族数量的增加带来了许多负面影响，威胁着我们的环境，浪费了更多的能源，并提出人们应该减少汽车的使用，通过政府采取措施，公共交通系统进步改变人们出行方式，技术进步降低乘坐公共交通成本等方法减少私家车的使用。【详解】1 要点摘录Tracking back to the past when
151、 only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldnt help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to peoples daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitt
152、ing tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cos
153、t of travelling in public vehicles.2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组；将3、4两个要点进行整合；将5、6两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to peoples life, cars have caused many negative effects. By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. Energy-consuming cars are not
154、 sustainable to the society. the government has taken various measures like restrictions.public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech.【点睛】高分句型1 Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to peoples life, cars have caused many negative effects. 运用介词“Despite+名词”表示“即
155、使”，对原文第一段进行了概括。表达高级。高分句型2：By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. 用介词短语作方式状语对第二段的大量使用私家车造成空气污染的消极影响进行了概括，表达非常高级。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 仅仅靠旅游来拓宽我们的视野是远远不够的。(far)（汉译英）【答案】Its far from enou
156、gh to broaden our horizons only by traveling.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动词短语。分析句子可知，句子的主语为“to broaden our horizons”，表示“拓宽我们的视野”，用“it”作形式主语；表示“远远不够的”应用“far from enough”；表示“仅靠旅游”应用“only by traveling”；再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Its far from enough to broaden our horizons only by traveling。73. 很多白领要先喝上一杯咖啡，才能开始工作。(without) （汉译
157、英）【答案】Many white-collar workers cannot start their work without having a cup of coffee.【解析】【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。结合句意表示“白领”短语为white-collar workers，由many修饰作主语；表示“开始”应用动词start，作谓语，cannot后跟动词原形，后文名词work作宾语；表示“喝咖啡”短语为have a cup of coffee，作介词without的宾语，应用动名词。故翻译为Many white-collar workers cannot start their work
158、 without having a cup of coffee.74. 科学家们想弄清楚的是：经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。（What) （汉译英）【答案】What scientists want to figure out is whether constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress.【解析】【详解】考查what引导的主语从句和whether引导的表语从句。引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“想要弄清楚的事”，用“what”，引导表语从句表示“是否”时，应用“whet
159、her”，表示“弄清楚”应用“figure out”；表示“经常与动物接触”应用“constant exposure to animals ”；表示“帮助人们有效减轻压力”应用“ help people effectively reduce their stress.”，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：What scientists want to figure out is whether constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress。75. 很多学生意识到学习语言的主要目的不是为了考试
160、，而是为了让自己有更好地认识世界的能力。（equip）（汉译英）【答案】Many students are aware that the main purpose of learning a language is not to take tests, but to equip oneself with the ability to know the world better.【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。根据汉语提示可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；分析句子可知，表示“意识到”应用be aware that，是固定句型；句子主语为“Many students”，表示“做的主要目的”应用
161、the main purpose of doing sth；表示“让自己拥有做的能力”应用equip oneself with the ability to do sth；表示“不是.而是. ”应用not.but.。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Many students are aware that the main purpose of learning a language is not to take tests, but to equip oneself with the ability to know the world better。VI. Guided Writing76. D
162、irections: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请仔细阅读以下三幅图片三代农夫（Three Generations of Farmers）并完成写作。在写作中，你必须：1）简要描述三幅图片中的内容；2）分析其背后所反映的现象及原因；3) 对你的启示。【答案】Fifty years ago grandfathers worked in the land with oxen. Thirty years ago, my parent
163、s used small walking tractors in their fields. Today, farmers use large tractors and plant protection drones.In fact, in recent years, China has promoted the modernization of agriculture through a series of measures such as the rural revitalization strategy. It is necessary to cultivate high-quality
164、 farmers feelings and responsibilities for agriculture, strengthen the feelings of three agriculture, and take the road of ecological, environmental protection and sustainable development. Looking at the work of three generations, I am filled with emotion. The past two generations glorious retiremen
165、t will be recorded in the history, remembering the struggle and prosperity of Chinese farmers who persevered, innovated and pursued progress.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。根据题中所提供的三幅图片三代农夫（Three Generations of Farmers）完成写作。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：图画作文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1
166、）简要描述三幅图片中的内容；2）分析其背后所反映的现象及原因；3) 对你的启示。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）Fifty years ago；In fact；promote the modernization of agriculture；a series of measures；responsibilities for agriculture;be filled with第三步：连词成句1. Thirty years ago, my parents used small walking tractors in their fields. 2. In fact, in recent years,
167、 China has promoted the modernization of agriculture through a series of measures such as the rural revitalization strategy. 3. Today, farmers use large tractors and plant protection drones.4. Looking at the work of three generations I am filled with emotion.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接
168、词）（仅供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the
169、one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Today, farmers use large tractors and plant protection drones.（运用现在分词作状语）高分句型2 The past two generations glorious retirement will be recorded in the history, remembering the struggle and prosperity of Chinese farmers who persevered, innovated and pursued progress.（运用关系代词who引导定语从句）