1、人教版必修1第一课 文化与社会第1课时 体味文化 Unit 1 Friendship Section Grammar01 课前语法感知教材语法感知“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary，”said Anne.Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.“Does a friend always have to be a person？”thewriter asks us.The writer asks us if a friend
2、 always has to be a person.“What do you call your diary？”Annes sister askedher.Annes sister asked her what she called her diary.“Why did you go to bed so late last night？”Father asked Anne.Father asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.“When will we come back home？”Anne asked her
3、 father.Anne asked her father when they would go back home.(1)在直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语有一定的变化，从句中的时态也应作相应变化，如。(2)直接引语是一般疑问句或反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变成由引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用，如。if或whetherask(3)直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，将它变成由原来的引导的宾语从句，如。(4)语序变化：直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为，如。疑问词陈述语序真题语法感悟1.(2017全国卷)Theater owner Ed Bradford sa
4、id he(choose)the movie because it seemed appropriate.2(2017全国卷)Mann said Terrafugia(help)by the Federal Aviation Administrations decision five years ago.3(2017浙江高考)Nearly 60%of 7-to 12-year-olds said they (feel)tired during the day.chosewas helpedfelt02 课堂合作探究直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语和间接引语我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，
5、被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连接词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句连接。The little girl said,“I like the skirt.”He said(that)he was not happy.He asked me when their plane would land.二、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化1直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语的口诀是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活。时态向后退一步，状语变化按规则。He said,“Im very glad.”He said that
6、 he was very glad.2直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语的口诀是：去掉引号加if或whether，陈述语序要记住。时态、人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。He said,“Can you come this afternoon,John？”He asked whether/if John could come that afternoon.3直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语的口诀是：直接去引号，陈述语序莫忘掉。助动词do，does，did，一定要去掉。“How did you collect the money？”Father said to Mary.Father asked M
7、ary how she had collected the money.三、时态的变化若主句谓语动词为现在时态，则从句的时态无需变化；若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的时态应变成相应的某种过去时态。【即景活用1】把下面的直接引语变为间接引语He said,“I am proud of my motherland.”He said that was proud of his motherland.“You are wasting your time day dreaming！”he said to Mary.He told Mary that was wasting her time day d
8、reaming.he she I said,“I will give her some advice tomorrow.”I said that I her some advice the next day.“You have already done your duty，”he said to her.He told her that she already done her duty.would give had四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化 She asked,“Is this book his？”(直接引语中用this)She asked whether that
9、book was his.(间接引语中改为that)“Ill be very busy today，”said the man.(直接引语中用today)The man said he would be very busy that day.(间接引语中改为that day)【即景活用2】将下列句子改为间接引语They said,“We arrived this morning.”They said that they had arrived.John said,“I wrote back telling him about it yesterday.”John said that he ha
10、d written back telling him about it.He said,“Its ten oclock now.”He said that it was ten oclock.that morningthe day beforethen名师点津(1)若在当地转述，here不必改为there,come不必改为go;若在当天转述，today,yesterday,tomorrow等也不必改变。(2)人称代词的变化规律“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。“第三人称不更新”
11、。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。五、直接引语变间接引语时态“五不变”1直接引语如果描述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。He said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light travels much faster than sound.2直接引语中有明确表示过去时间的状语，在变为间接引语时，一般过去时通常不变。He said,“I was born in 1990 in Beijing.”He said that he was born in 1990 in Beijing.3主句的谓语动词是一般
12、现在时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态通常不变。He says,“Tom is good at Chinese.”He says that Tom is good at Chinese.4在含有时间状语从句的直接引语中，主句的谓语动词为过去进行时、过去完成时或过去将来时，在变为间接引语时这些时态通常不变。He said,“I was listening to music when she came in.”He said that he was listening to music when she came in.5当直接引语是名人名言时，从句时态不变。He said,“Where there
13、 is a will,there is a way.”He said where there is a will,there is a way.【即景活用3】将下列句子改为间接引语“China is the biggest developing country in the world，”said Mr Smith.Mr Smith said that China the biggest developing country in the world.The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun bigger than the moon.is is 03 课后演练提能