1、Period ThreeLearning about Language & Using Language.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)1firework n烟火(燃放)2chart n图表3creative adj. 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的4cooperative adj.合作的5revolutionary adj.革命的；重大变革的6loop n圈；环7privately adv.私下地；秘密地8spin vi.& vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)9reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃10universe n宇宙；世界.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共15小
2、题；每题2分，满分30分)11responsible adj.有责任的；负责的12construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物13contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献14. positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的15movement n移动；运动；动作16backward adv.& adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)17enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的18cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n小心；谨慎19characteristic n特征；特性20
3、physician n医生；内科医师21expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光22cure n治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗23challenge n挑战；vt.向挑战24absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心25suspect vt.怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)26apart from除之外；此外27(be) strict with.对严格的28make sense讲得通；有意义29make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献30be cautious about/of对谨慎31in a
4、sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上32with caution小心翼翼地33put off推迟，延期34conclude.from.从中推断出35blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人.完成句子(共5小题；每题6分，满分30分)36Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在那里，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。37So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it，gradua
5、lly improving his theory until he felt it was complete.于是，他在1510年至1514年期间从事这项研究，逐步改进他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。38The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary.他对旧理论所做的改动是革命性的。39He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round
6、 the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。40Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.然而现在哥白尼的理论却是我们的宇宙观建立的基础。.Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1ANew observations didnt agree with the old theory about the earth.Par
7、a.2 BCopernicus theory is the basis of modern science about the universe.Para.3 CCopernicus was puzzled as he found the earth was not the centre of the solar system.Para.4 DCopernicus new theory that the sun was the centre could explain all the phenomena.Para.5 ECopernicus improved his theory by col
8、lecting observations and using his mathematical knowledge.答案Para.1CPara.2APara.3EPara.4DPara.5B.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1What made Copernicus frightened and confused?AThe fact that the earth was the centre of the solar system.BThe conclusion that the sun was the centre
9、 of the solar system.CThe fact that the earth runs around the sun.DThe fact that God made the world.答案B2Why didnt Copernicus publish his theory immediately？Because .Ahe didnt think it completeBhe was afraid of being attacked by the Christian ChurchChis friends forbade him to do soDno one supported h
10、is ideas答案B3When did Copernicus publish his theory?AAfter his death.BBefore he told his friends about it.CAs he lay dying in 1543.DCopernicus theory was never published.答案C4All the following made it strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system EXCEPT that .Asome planets in the sky seemed
11、to stop or move backwardBsome planets in the sky appeared brighter at times and less bright at othersCsome planets in the sky seemed to go forward in a loopDthe sun goes around the earth答案D5. Whats the Christian Churchs attitude towards Copernicus theory?AThe Christian Church objected to Copernicus
12、theory.BThe Christian Church was in favor of Copernicus theory.CThe Christian Church paid much attention to the theory.DThe Christian Church thought highly of Copernicus theory.答案A重点词汇 contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿；促成，造成contribute.to.把捐献给；向投稿contribute to捐赠；捐献；有助于；导致；投稿联想表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词汇还有：cause，le
13、ad to，result in，bring about等。contribution n贡献；捐助make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献(1)3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.(2018天津)3D食物打印很可能有助于解决这个问题。(2)Everyone of us should make a contribution(contribute) to our society.我们每个人都应该为我们的社会作出贡献。单句改错(3)The evidence will contri
14、bute to the thief.一词多义写出下列句子中contribute to的汉语意思(4)Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily.捐款；促使；投稿(5)The sharp increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the redu
15、ction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults.导致 Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的句子结构，你也学了以下的词组。apart from除之外；此外易混辨析apart from，except，besides，except forapart from 具有多重意义，既可以表示besides，也可以表示except 或except for。except 表示从所提到的人或事中
16、除去一部分，表示递减的概念。besides 表示“除了之外，还有”，表示递增的概念。except for 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和局部的否定。选词填空apart from，except，besides，except for(1)All the students took part in the sports meeting except/apart from Tom，for he was ill.(2)We need three more chairs besides/apart from these two.(3)Apart from/Except for the ending，its a
17、 really good film. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。make sense讲得通；有意义make sense of懂得；了解的意义make no sense讲不通；没有意义in a sense 在某种意义上；在某种程度上in no sense决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)Theres no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。(1)I
18、 couldnt make sense of what he said.What he said couldnt make any sense to me.我不能理解他所说的话。(2)In a sense，I think he likes being responsible for everything.从某种意义上说，我认为他喜欢包揽一切。(3)Planning so far ahead makes no senseso many things will change.那么早计划是没有意义的那么多事情会发生变化。(4)Theres no sense in arguing(argue) wit
19、h hershe is so stubborn!和她争论是没有意义的她那么固执！单句改错(5)What he said at the meeting didnt make sense of . His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友们都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于众，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的be cautious about/of对谨慎cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地caution
20、n小心；谨慎with caution 小心翼翼地(1)Ive always been very cautious about giving my address and telephone number to strangers.我在给陌生人我的地址和电话号码时非常谨慎。(2)The woman opened the door cautiously(cautious) and walked in.The woman opened the door with caution and walked in.这个女人小心地打开门，走了进去。经典句式 Only if you put the sun th
21、ere did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。“only状语或状语从句”放于句首要使用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。(1)Only then did he realize that he had made a severe mistake.只有那时他才意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。(2)Only by shouting and waving his hands could he be noticed.只有靠大声呼叫和晃动双
22、手才能使人注意到他。(3)Only if a teacher gives permission is a student allowed to enter the room.只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进这个房间。名师指津如果only修饰的不是状语，即使放在句首主句也不倒装。(4)Only she can do it well，for she is more experienced.只有她才能把它做好，因为她更有经验。易混辨析only if，if onlyonly if只有，only if本身不是一个固定词组。only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若用于句首，后接从句，主句要部分倒装。if o
23、nly但愿，要是就好了，常引导含虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。选词填空only if，if only(5)If only I were a bird，I would fly in the vast sky.(6)Only if you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep fit. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the eart
24、h.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。with the planets going round it是“with宾语宾语补足语”结构，在句中作伴随状语。该结构作状语还可以表示原因、条件等情况。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。with复合结构的具体构成：with宾语(1)Youd better not go to sleep with the windows open.你最好不要开着窗子睡觉。(2)The little boy ran along the street with nothing on.这个小男孩沿街跑着，什么也没穿。(3)We live
25、in a house with many flowers around it.我们住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。(4)The thief was brought in with his hands tied(tie) behind his back.这个小偷被带了进来，双手被绑在背后。(5)I cant go out with all these dishes to wash(wash)我不能丢下这些要洗的餐具就出去。高级表达(6)The old man was walking slowly and his pet dog followed him.(改为with复合结构)The old ma
26、n was walking slowly with his pet dog following him.单句语法填空1The boss of the company is very strict with the staff，so everyone there has to be completely strict in their work.2She never lost her enthusiasm(enthusiastic) for teaching.3Cautiously(cautious)，he moved himself into an upright position.4The
27、engineers have made great contributions(contribute) to the design of the Change spaceship.5If only I had taken(take) his advice at that time!6Provided you didnt try to make sense of it，it sounded beautiful.7The environmental movement(move) has been trying to preserve our natural resources.8With his
28、suggestions rejected(reject)，he felt upset.9She grabbed Norms arm and spun(spin) him around to face her.10We didnt see anyone all day，apart from a couple of kids on the beach.完成句子11Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened.当他回到家时才知道发生了什么事。12We contributed much money to the earthqua
29、ke fund last year.去年我们向地震基金会捐赠了很多钱。13Theres no sense in making a child suffer like that.让孩子那样受苦没有道理。14English is one of the subjects in which I am interested.英语是我感兴趣的科目之一。15With winter coming on/approaching，its time to buy warm clothes.(with复合结构)随着冬天的临近，是时候买暖和的衣服了。.课文短文改错There was a time when the po
30、werful Christian Church believed God have made the world.It was that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system.But problems arose.Copernicus had thought long and hardly about them and tried to find an answer.Though, all his mathematical calculations led to the same concl
31、usion what the earth was not the centre of the solar system.When he placed a fixing sun at the centre of the solar system, the movement of the planets made the sense.The Christian Church rejects his theory.But her theory is now the basis on that all our ideas of the universe are built.答案There was a
32、time when the powerful Christian Church believed God made the world.It was that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system.But problems arose.Copernicus had thought long and about them and tried to find an answer.， all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclus
33、ion the earth was not the centre of the solar system.When he placed a sun at the centre of the solar system, the movement of the planets made the sense.The Christian Church his theory.But theory is now the basis on all our ideas of the universe are built.基础巩固.单词拼写1Its a great pleasure to have such e
34、nthusiastic(热情的) group participation in our project.2My teacher tells us that we should have a positive attitude to life and have hope，no matter what happens.3Scientists watch the moon to get data about its movements(运动)4Its said that there is a kind of bird，which is the only one that can fly backwa
35、rd(s)(向后地)5We all look forward to the day when scientists can discover more secrets of the universe(宇宙).单句语法填空6They are likely to respond positively(positive) to the Presidents request for aid.7After he graduated from that college，he tried to join the army but was rejected(reject)8You should be caut
36、ious(caution) when you cross the street.9We explained our plans and he was very enthusiastic about them.10Most of the factories under construction have been designed by Chinese engineers.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11Getting up early will contribute to your health.12With all the work ，they hurried back home for
37、lunch.13He was very strict himself when he was young.14Apart his nose，he is goodlooking.15Would it make the sense to save money while you can?.翻译句子16正是他的粗心大意造成了这起事故。(contribute.to.)It was his carelessness that contributed to the accident.17只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。(用倒装结构)Only in a big city was it possible to
38、buy a new wheelchair.18对我来说很难理解这道题。(make sense of)Its difficult for me to make sense of the problem.19老板对承诺持谨慎态度。(be cautious about/of)The boss is cautious about/of making promises.20随着春天的来临，万物开始复苏。(用with复合结构)With Spring approaching/coming，everything comes to life.【能力提升.阅读理解AFlorence Nightingale was
39、 born in a rich family.When she was young，she took lessons in music and drawing，and read great books.She also travelled a great deal with her mother and father.As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure.She enjoyed helping them.At last，her mind was made up.“Im going
40、 to be a nurse，” she decided.“Nursing isnt the right work for a lady，” her father told her.“Then I will make it so，” she smiled.And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.When she returned to England，Florence started a nursing home for women.During the Crimean War in 1854，she went with a gr
41、oup of thirtyeight nurses to the front hospital.What they saw there was terrible.Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital，either.But the brave nurses went to work.Florence used her own money and some from friends
42、 to buy clothes，beds，medicines and food for the men.Her only pay was the smiles from the lips of dying soldiers.But they were more than enough for this kind woman.After war，she returned to England and was honoured for her service by Queen Victoria.But Florence said that her work had just begun.She r
43、aised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health，which was printed in several countries.Florence Nightingale passed away at the age of ninety，still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse.Indeed，it is because of her that we honour nurse
44、s today.语篇解读本文介绍了护理行业的创始人南丁格尔，她为了护理别人而奉献了自己的一生。21When she was a child，Florence .Awrote a book on public healthBknew what her duty in life wasCloved to help the sick peopleDwas most interested in music and drawing答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，她很喜欢帮助病人。故C项正确。22During the Crimean War in 1854，Florence served in th
45、e front hospital where .Ashe earned a lot of moneyBwork was very difficultCfew soldiers died because of her workDshe didnt have enough food and clothes答案B解析细节理解题。根据第六段第二、三、四句可知，当时的工作条件很艰苦。故B项正确。23Why was Florence honoured by Queen Victoria?ABecause she built the Nightingale Home for Nurses.BBecause
46、of her old age.CBecause she worked as a nurse all her life.DBecause she did a great deal of work during the Crimean War.答案D解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，正是因为在战争中所做的事情让她受到了女王的表彰。故D正确。24The passage can be best described as .Athe life story of a famous womanBa description of the nursing workCan example of succe
47、ssful educationDthe history of nursing in England答案A解析主旨大意题。本文介绍了护理行业的创始人南丁格尔，她为了护理别人而奉献了自己的一生。故A正确。BHere are a few things to watch out for when you move somewhere new or are returning home after a long time away.Be careful on the road!The first thing that I did when I got out of the airport was to
48、cross the road，but I looked the wrong way！In the UK the cars drive on the lefthand side of the road whereas in Spain they drive on the right.I almost got run over because I was still thinking I was in Spain.You have to be very careful.Theres another strange one from traveling on the road.In Mallorca
49、，most of the time，pedestrians(行人) can cross the road by walking on the road without stopping and the car will stop for them.In the UK，however，you have to be careful to wait for the cars to stop or else you might end up in the hospital very quickly!Drink water.In Spain，most people buy large bottles o
50、f water to drink.In the UK the filtering(过滤) of the water means that you can drink straight from the tap.On my first night back I forgot that I could drink water from the taps and spent the night wishing I had a bottle of water.When I woke up，I realized how silly I had been.Time is different.In Spai
51、n there is a small break during the day to have a nap for the rest of the day.You also might only think about going out for a drink with friends in Spain at 11 pm.In the UK that is already past the bedtime!语篇解读作者刚从西班牙回到自己的国家英国时对这里生活的很多方面感到不适应。作者结合自己的经历介绍了西班牙和英国在交通、饮水和时间安排方面的不同。25Why was the author a
52、lmost run over in the UK?AHe was crossing an unfamiliar road.BHe was thinking in the middle of the road.CHe was looking the wrong way on the road.DHe was running on the righthand side of the road.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一个小标题下的第一段第二句和第三句可知，西班牙交通法规规定的机动车行车方向和英国的正相反，作者刚回到英国时还像在西班牙那样过马路，看错了车辆行驶的方向，所以差点被撞到。26Comp
53、ared with the traffic in the UK，traffic in Mallorca for pedestrians is more .Adangerous BimportantCcrowded Dsecure答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一个小标题下的第二段第二句可以推知，Mallorca的交通对行人来说更安全。27On the first night back home，the author .Adrank some water from the tapBhad a big meal in a restaurantCbought a bottle of waterDdidn
54、t drink water at all答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的第三句可知，那天晚上作者还像在西班牙一样，由于没有瓶装水，他没有喝水。28What can we conclude from the text?AThe author is used to living in Spain.BThe author hopes to return to Mallorca soon.CThe author doesnt like the life in the UK at all.DThe author cant look after himself well.答案A解析推理判断题。根
55、据文中作者叙述的各种情况可知，作者还不适应英国的生活习惯，也就是说他已经习惯了在西班牙的生活。.七选五Most people are having a hard time studying effectively.This article provides some tips on how to study effectively. 29 When you wish to study effectively，consider a time and place.It is always best to study at the same time and place.You devote you
56、rself to studying only with one common time and place you feel most comfortable with. 30 This is because you can associate the time and place with your study every time you study.You can actually make it a habit as soon as you get to sit down on your chair at the usual time and place.Water helps.Mos
57、t of the time，people always believe that coffee is the best drink to take while you are studying. 31 It is true that coffee helps in keeping you awake，but coffee also gives negative effects.This can actually slow down your memory and decrease your attention span. 32 Water is always the best recommen
58、dation while studying.Drink plenty of water during your study session，especially when you feel sluggish(反应迟缓的)Take breaks.It is recommended that you had better take breaks in between your studying time.It is very important that you take a break before you feel tired and begin to lose your concentrat
59、ion completely.Regular breaks can actually help you maintain your concentration and focus.You do not feel tired that easily.The breaks may depend on the persons capacity for focusing. 33 AStay at home every day.BConsider a time and place.CIt also increases your anxiety.DIf you think you need breaks，
60、then you do it.EThis will actually help you concentrate and focus.FThey always think coffee can actually keep them awake.GIt is widely thought that having a good rest can keep you healthy.语篇解读很多人都会感到学习的效率不高。本文作者认为，选择合适的学习时间和地点、适当补充饮水以及注意劳逸结合等可以帮助提高学习效率。29答案B解析根据下句中的“consider a time and place”及本段内容可知
61、，B项为该段的主旨句。30答案E解析根据上下文可推知，此处的语境是在说明这样做的好处，故E项符合语境。31答案F解析根据下句中的“It is true that coffee helps in keeping you awake”可推知，此处应该说的是人们认为的咖啡带来的好处，故F项(他们总是认为咖啡确实能够让他们保持清醒)符合题意。32答案C解析根据上下文语境可知，此处叙述咖啡的负面作用。C项(它还会增加你的焦虑)承接上文，符合语境。33答案D解析段首的“Take breaks.”是该段的主旨句。据此可推知，感到疲劳就应该休息。.微写作写作素材(关于科学家)1众所周知，科学家对社会做出了巨大
62、的贡献。2就我个人而言，科学家是那些对工作严格要求、专心于科学研究的人。 3他们对他们提出的结论非常谨慎。 4他们反复做实验检验他们提出的理论。 5他们铭记如果理论不以事实为基础就没有任何意义。(铭记：keep.in mind)提示：黑体部分用本单元的词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50字左右的英语短文)As is known to all，scientists have made great contributions to the world.As far as Im concerned，scientists are strict in their work and absorbed in scientific research.They are very cautious of every conclusion they draw.They do experiments again and again to test the theory they put forward.They keep in mind that a theory makes no sense if it is not based on facts.