1、专题一阅读理解三年考情分析表一20172019年题型统计一览表表二20172019年题材分布一览表卷别年份题材分布ABCD全国卷2019广告宣传类人物故事类科普知识类社会文化类2018广告宣传类社会文化类社会文化类科普知识类2017广告宣传类人物故事类社会文化类科普知识类全国卷2019广告宣传类人物故事类社会文化类科普知识类2018广告宣传类社会文化类社会文化类社会文化类2017广告宣传类人物故事类科普知识类科普知识类全国卷2019广告宣传类社会文化类社会文化类科普知识类2018广告宣传类政经史地类社会文化类社会文化类2017广告宣传类社会文化类政经史地类科普知识类命题规律1以考查细节理解和推
2、理判断为主，主旨大意和词义猜测为辅。细节理解题较容易，其他题较难，但总体难易度较为适中，四篇文章中仅有一篇难度较大。2题材以广告宣传、社会文化、人物故事、科普知识、政经史地为主，内容贴近生活、贴近时代，充分体现了高考命题的思想性和育人功能。3文章信息量大，语篇含有多处结构复杂的长句，对考生的阅读速度和快速处理信息的能力要求很高。命题趋势1预计2020年高考阅读理解的难易度仍会保持稳定，选材会更新颖，语言更地道，词汇更丰富。2题型仍会以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，兼顾主旨大意题和词义猜测题。A篇 (2019全国卷，A)Need a Job This Summer?The provincial g
3、overnment and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student？Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills，find a job or start busin
4、esses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province，you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program，which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible：Youth 1518 years old in select communities(社区)Summer CompanySummer Company pr
5、ovides students with handson business training and awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible：Students aged 1529，returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resourc
6、e management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are hired each year in a variety of summer position
7、s across the Provincial Public Service，its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible：Students aged 15 or older.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了省政府及其合作者提供的面向学生的四则暑期工作公告。1What is special about Summer Company?AIt r
8、equires no training before employment.BIt provides awards for running new businesses.CIt allows one to work in the natural environment.DIt offers more summer job opportunities.B考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词Summer Company可直接定位到第二则暑期工作公告，而且浏览四则暑期工作公告可以发现，只有Summer Company的介绍里提到了awards(奖励)以及$ 3，000这样的字眼，由此可知Summer C
9、ompany的特别之处在于B项“它为经营新业务提供奖励”。2What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A1518.B1524.C1529.D1617.D考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词Stewardship Youth Ranger Program可直接定位到第三则暑期工作公告。根据本部分中的关键信息句“Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知，这个项目的年龄要求是
10、16岁或17岁，且在今年12月31日前不能满18岁，故选D项“16至17岁”。3Which program favors the disabled?AJobs for Youth.BSummer Company.CStewardship Youth Ranger Program.DSummer Employment Opportunities.D考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词the disabled(残疾人)可直接定位到最后一则暑期工作公告中的persons with a disability，两者属于典型的同义词替换，故选D项。这个项目对残疾人在年龄方面给予了特别照顾。B篇 (2018全国
11、卷，B)Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money：Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help
12、 of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home，preparing meals for sons，Sam，14，Finn，13, and Jack，11.“We lo
13、ve Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，”she explains.“I pay 5 for a portion(一份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion，because they are flour，water，sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food，but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this f
14、ood ourselves.”The eightpart series(系列节目)，Save Money：Good Food，follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money：Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense，Susanna and Matt spend time with a
15、different family each week.In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.【语篇解读】本文介绍了在英国的一档名为Save Money：Good Food的电视节目。主持人Susanna Rei
16、d和厨师Matt Tebbutt向观众介绍如何少花钱做出营养丰富的、可口的食物。4What do we know about Susanna Reid?AShe enjoys embarrassing her guests.BShe has started a new programme.CShe dislikes working early in the morning.DShe has had a tight budget for her family.B考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“but she is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowi
17、ng families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget”可知，这位电视节目主持人正在主持一档新的节目，介绍如何少花钱做出好吃的饭菜。5How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?AHe buys cooking materials for her.BHe prepares food for her kids.CHe assists her in cooking matters.DHe invites guest families for her.C考查细节理解。根据第二段的
18、第一句“In Save Money：Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day”可知，在节目中，厨师Matt Tebbutt帮助Susanna Reid给家庭提出关于如何减少食物浪费的建议和准备食谱。6What does the author intend to do in
19、Paragraph 4?ASummarize the previous paragraphs.BProvide some advice for the readers.CAdd some background information.DIntroduce a new topic for discussion.C考查推理判断。上文介绍了Save Money：Good Food这个电视节目的情况，本段介绍了与此相关的节目Save Money：Good Health的情况，旨在提供一些背景信息。7What can be a suitable title for the text?AKeeping F
20、it by Eating SmartBBalancing Our Daily DietCMaking Yourself a Perfect ChefDCooking Well for LessD考查标题归纳。本文介绍了由Susanna Reid主持的一档电视节目，给观众介绍如何少花钱做出好吃的又有营养的饭菜，因此本文的最佳标题应为Cooking Well for Less。C篇 (2019全国卷，C)Before the 1830s，most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to
21、$10 a year.Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.They w
22、ere dull and visually forbidding.But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers tha
23、t could be bought in single copies on the street.This development did not take place overnight.It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830，but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy.Street sales were almost unknown.
24、However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities.At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedand some of the older wellknown papers charged five or six cents.But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics
25、fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well.Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures.Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire
26、 to change the tradition.It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国报纸大众化的发展过程。8Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?AAcademic.BUnattractive.CInexpensive.DConfidential.B考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They were dull and visually
27、 forbidding.”可知，当时的美国报纸既枯燥又在视觉上令人生畏，故选unattractive“不吸引人的”。academic学术的；inexpensive不贵的，便宜的；confidential机密的，受信任的。9What did street sales mean to newspapers?AThey would be priced higher.BThey would disappear from cities.CThey could have more readers.DThey could regain public trust.C考查推理判断。根据第二段和第三段可知，报纸当
28、时的变化趋势是越来越面向大众，变得更便宜，而且在街上就可以买到一份报纸，由此可推断报纸的街头销售意味着“报纸可以拥有更多的读者”，故选C项。10Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?ALocal politicians.BCommon people.CYoung publishers.DRich businessmen.B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The trend，then，was toward the penny papera term referring to papers made widely available
29、 to the public.”可知，报纸发展的新趋势的目标读者是普通人，故选B项。11What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?AIt was a difficult process.BIt was a temporary success.CIt was a robbery of the poor.DIt was a disaster for printers.A考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，报纸的大众化新趋势进展得并不容易，经过了早期一些企业的失败，然后通过一些年轻而勇敢的商人的努力才成功，故选A项。D篇 (2019全国卷，D)
30、Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？Its turning to a bunch of high school kid
31、s.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms，like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years，Gordons student
32、s have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think theyre close to a solution(解决方案)“We dont give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers，”says Florence Gold，a project manager.“There are no tests，”Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost
33、 are no grades，other thanAre you working towards your goal？Basically，its Ive got to produce this product and then，at the end of the year，present it to NASA.Engineers come and really do an inperson review，and .its not a very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says
34、the HUNCH program has an impact(影响)on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dont teach.”And that annoying bacteria？Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem，readying a workable solution
35、 to test in space.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。这类语篇对于启发与培养学生良好的思维品质有积极的引导作用。12What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?AThey are hard to get rid of.BThey lead to air pollution.CThey appear in different forms.DThey damage the instruments.A考查推理判断。
36、根据第一段中的“The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。13What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?ATo strengthen teacherst
37、udent relationships.BTo sharpen students communication skills.CTo allow students to experience zero gravity.DTo link space technology with school education.D考查细节理解。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。14What do the NAS
38、A engineers do for the students in the program?ACheck their product.BGuide project designs.CAdjust work schedules.DGrade their homework.A考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers come and really do an inperson review.Its a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。15What is the best titl
39、e for the text?ANASA：The Home of AstronautsBSpace：The Final Homework FrontierCNature：An Outdoor ClassroomDHUNCH：A College Admission ReformB考查标题归纳。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。题型一细节理解题细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占了相当大的比重，同时，也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。根据命题方式的不同，可分为事实认
40、定题和数字确定题，而事实认定题考查多而广，可划分为直接信息题和间接信息题。,1. 原词复现：选项中的某个词或短语与原文完全一致。2. 同义转换：采用改变句子结构或替换原文关键词的方法，表达与原文相同或相似的意义。3. 语言简化：把原文中的复杂语言进行简化，设置为答案。4. 正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。1. 张冠李戴：选项所述内容弄错了事实和对象，把此人的事情或观点错加到彼人身上，或将此事物的特性错加到彼事物上。2. 无中生有：所述内容或是凭空捏造，或是生活常识，或是普遍真理，但在文中找不到支持的依据。3. 曲解文意：与原文的内容相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。4. 颠倒是
41、非：原文中本来有明确的依据，但是却设计成与之完全相反的选项。5. 正误参半：部分正确，部分错误。一、事实认定题之直接信息题直接信息题是对原文直接信息的考查，正确答案一般是原文或对原文稍加改动而成。解答直接信息题可以分为两步：第一步：阅读题干，并从中提取出关键信息；第二步：运用略读、跳读等阅读技巧迅速在原文中定位关键信息源，进而确定答案。(2019全国卷，A)My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and coauthor of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books.
42、Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress，Miss Trunchbull，are equally funny and f
43、rightening，but theyre also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIts about two sistersEri，a model who either wont or cant stop sleeping，and Mari，a young student.In trying to connect to her sister，Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people”who are hiding secrets.Gone
44、 GirlGillian FlynnThere was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did，but the horror story is brilliant.Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.Its a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise whats going on is h
45、orribly enjoyable.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around.After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the worlds population，a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left.Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.21Who
46、does “I” refer to in the text？A.Stephen King.张冠李戴B.Gillian Flynn.张冠李戴C.Jo Usmar.同义替换D.Roald Dahl.张冠李戴解题指导考查细节理解题之直接信息题。定位关键信息源：第一段的最后一句“Here she picks her top reads.”据此可知，Jo Usmar在下文要为读者推荐几本她最喜欢的书，这说明下文中的“I”指的就是Jo Usmar，故选C项。22Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri？A.Cosmopolitan.张冠李戴B.Mati
47、lda.张冠李戴C.After Dark.同义替换D.The Stand.张冠李戴解题指导考查细节理解题之信息直接题。定位关键信息源：After Dark部分中的“Its about two sistersEri. Mari.”。据此可知，After Dark讲述了Mari和Eri的故事，故选C项。23What kind of book is Gone Girl？A.A folk tale.张冠李戴B.A biography.无中生有C.A love story.曲解文意D.A horror story.原词复现解题指导考查细节理解题之信息直接题。定位关键信息源：Gone Girl部分中的“.
48、the horror story is brilliant.”据此可知，Gone Girl这本书属于恐怖故事，故选D项。二、事实认定题之间接信息题与直接信息题相比，间接信息题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文的基础上进行改造。解答间接信息题可以分为三步：第一步：阅读题干，并从中提取出相关信息；第二步：运用速读、跳读等阅读技巧在原文中寻找相关信息，将题目信息与原文信息进行语义上的转换；第三步：将原文信息加工处理后，通过进一步的辨别，最终确定答案。(2019全国卷，D节选)After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that th
49、e monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.34What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys？A.They could perform basic addition.同义替换B.They could understand simple words.无中生
50、有C.They could memorize numbers easily.颠倒是非D.They could hold their attention for long.无中生有解题指导考查细节理解题之间接信息题。在原文中定位关键信息“indicating that they were performing a calculation”，然后对原文信息进行语义上的转换，即可得出正确答案。研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值，故选A项。三、数字确定题细节理解题有时会涉及年代、年龄、数量、钱款等，有的我们通过对比可直接确定
51、，有的需要进行规整、计算、换算等方式得出试题所要求的答案。解答此类题可以分为三步：第一步：明确题干要求，锁定原文相关信息；第二步：对相关信息和数字进行筛选确认；第三步：利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，进而确定答案。(2018全国卷，A节选)Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6.Approximate travel times：Windermere20 minutes, Kendal25 min
52、utes，Lancaster45 minutes，Manchester1 hour 30 minutes.By Rail：The nearest station is CarkinCartmel with trains to Carnforth，Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSundayFriday(closed on Saturday)11：00am4：00pm，30th March2nd November.Admission Charges Hall & Garde
53、nsGardensAdults：12.00 8.00Groups：9.00 5.50Special EventsProducers Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very b
54、est of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family.Wa
55、nder among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester？A.20 minutes.张冠李戴B.25 minutes.张冠李戴C.45 minutes.张冠李戴D.90 minutes.同义替换解题指导考查细节理解题之数字确定。锁定原文相关信息：Visitor Information部分
56、“How to Get to Holker”中的“Manchester1 hour 30 minutes”，通过换算可得知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D项。22How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens？A.12.00.张冠李戴B.9.00.原词复现C.8.00.张冠李戴D.5.50.张冠李戴解题指导考查细节理解题之数字确定。锁定原文相关信息：Admission Charges中的Hall & Gardens 中的Groups：9.00
57、，购买团体票(Groups)的价格为9英镑，故选B项。题型二推理判断题推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析、挖掘、逻辑推理等，揭示出其深层含义。推理判断题可分为四个方面：隐含信息、言外之意；作者的观点、看法、情感态度；作者的写作意图/目的；文章出处、读者对象。,1. 有据推理：依据原文提供的已知信息，如事实、论点、例证等作出合乎逻辑或情理的判断，有效推导出未知的信息。2. 同义转换：采用改变句子结构或替换原文关键词的方法，表达与原文相同或相似的意义。,1. 主观臆断：没有基于原文提供的信息进行推断，而是根据常识或经验进行推断。2. 过犹不及：选项所述内容或对原文内
58、容进行过度推理、概括，或对事情发生的范围过分扩大或缩小，或对某现象绝对肯定或否定。3. 断章取义：孤立地提取原文中的一句或几句话的意思作为推理判断的依据而不是建立于对原文整体理解的基础上。4. 因果倒置：选项混淆了事物间的因果关系，或将某一结果产生的原因作为结果，或将结果作为原因。5. 答非所问：选取原文中出现的原话设置成选项，但原话却不能回答题干所提出的问题。一、推理判断题之隐含信息、言外之意通过归纳、演绎、类比等方式从已知信息中推出未知信息，由已言之意，推未言之意。解答此类题可以分为三步：第一步：阅读题干，从中提取出关键信息；第二步：在原文中寻找出相关的信息，并对这些信息仔细揣摩，利用re
59、ad between the lines和read beyond the lines的阅读技巧，透过字里行间去推测隐含信息或言外之意。第三步：整合、分析原文信息，利用正向或逆向思维，由特殊推一般，由具体推抽象。(2019全国卷，B)“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacros
60、se(长曲棍球)club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule，or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstringsI mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the da
61、d coaching a team that his kids arent even on.At this point the unwilling parent speaks up，“Alright.Yes，Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out emails，and collects mon
62、ey for endofseason gifts.Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as w
63、atching your own kid score a goal.Still，most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time，money，skills，or servic
64、es provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense，Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit.However，if others benefit in the process，and I get some reward too，does it really matter where my motivation lies?24What can we infer about the paren
65、t from her reply in Paragraph 1？A.She knows little about the club.主观臆断B.She isnt good at sports.主观臆断C.She just doesnt want to volunteer.有据推理D.Shes unable to meet her schedule.主观臆断解题指导考查推理判断题之隐含信息、言外之意。根据第一段中的“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”可知，这位家
66、长要求把她当作最后的选择，如果没人愿意做，她再做。由此推知她不愿意参与志愿者活动，故选C项。另外，第三段第二句中的the unwilling parent也印证了答案。26What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3？A.She gets interested in lacrosse.主观臆断B.She is proud of her kids.主观臆断C.Shell work for another season.断章取义D.She becomes a good helper.有据推理解题指导考查推理判断题之隐含信息。根据第三段中的“
67、The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out emails，and collects money for endofseason gifts.Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.”可知，这位不情愿的家长在参与了这项活动后，安排用餐时间、发送电子邮件、筹款买赛季末礼物，每件事都安排得很妥当。在这个过程中，她最终成为团队中非常宝贵的一员，这说明这位开始不情愿参加的家长最终成为团队里的一
68、个好帮手，故选D项。27Why does the author like doing volunteer work？A.It gives her a sense of duty.主观臆断B.It makes her very happy.同义替换C.It enables her to work hard.主观臆断D.It brings her material rewards.因果倒置解题指导考查推理判断题之隐含信息。根据第四段中的最后两句“.services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，作者之所以喜欢做志愿工
69、作，是因为这使她很快乐，故选B项。二、推理判断题之观点、看法、情感态度通过对事件、景物、话语的深入分析推出作者含蓄、隐晦地表达出的观点或看法，体会作者在字里行间中流露出的情感态度。解答此类题可以分为两步：第一步：抓住文中的褒贬性词汇或语句，尤其是形容词和副词，可推断作者的情感态度；第二步：依据文章最后的“结论”可推断作者是赞成还是反对。1表示支持或肯定：positive积极乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；humorous幽默的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant令人愉快的2表示反对或否定：disgusted憎恶的，厌恶的；critical批评的；n
70、egative否定的，消极的；suspicious/skeptical怀疑的；disappointed失望的；disapproving不赞成的3表示中立：objective客观的；neutral中立的；indifferent漠不关心的；uninterested不感兴趣的；not mentioned未提及的(2019北京高考，C节选)The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know. By next year, ha
71、lf of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, its too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案)beco
72、me widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.38How does the author feel about the solutions to the
73、problem of robocalls？A.Panicked.主观臆断B.Confused.主观臆断C.Embarrassed.主观臆断D.Disappointed.有据推理解题指导考查推理判断题之作者的观点、看法、情感态度。根据By the time these “solutions”(解决方案)become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.(等这些“解决方案”被广泛使用时，诈骗者们就会有更高明的手段)可推知，作者对骚扰电话的解决方案不乐观、感到失望，故选D项。三、推理判断题之写作意图/目的任何人
74、写文章都有意图或目的，高考阅读理解时常会就这一问题进行命题，主要考查考生对英语文本的整体感知或理解的能力，做此类题的关键是要了解文章的体裁和题材，把握住文章的主题思想。1to entertain readers/to tell an experience，常见于记叙文，主要为个人经历或故事类的文章。2to persuade readers/to sell a product or provide a service/to attract readers or visitors，常见于广告。3to inform readers/to report/to tell/to describe等，常见于
75、科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会生活类的文章。(2019天津卷，D节选)The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we cant change. We learn to avoid selfpity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love usan idea that troubles at first but
76、 is eventually relaxing.54What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5？A.A tough man can tolerate suffering.断章取义B.A wise man can live without selfpity.断章取义C.A man should try to satisfy people around him.断章取义D.A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.有据推理解题指导考查推理判断题之写作意图/目的。作者在文中告诉
77、我们要学会忍受我们不能改变的事物，要学会避免自怜，要知道不管我们怎么表现，总有人不喜欢我们等待，由此可知作者在本段中主要是告诉我们要用合适的方法去对待生活。故选D项。四、推理判断题之文章出处、读者对象通过对格式、结构、内容的分析，推出文章的出处、题材范围和阅读此文章的主要读者群。1看文章出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称newspaper(2)推销介绍新产品advertisement(3)文章中有click here等网络用语website(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍travel guide(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍magazine/journal/ entertainment se
78、ction(6)科普知识science section(7)文化教育性的文章education section2确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据具体细节判断读者对象。(2019全国卷，C)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces.At present，these technologies are s
79、till expensive，though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device(装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer a st
80、rong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique to each person.Thus，the keyboard can determine peoples indentities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of
81、 whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the
82、smart keyboard.Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plasticlike parts.The team hopes
83、 to make it to market in the near future.31Where is this text most likely from？A.A diary.主观臆断B.A guidebook.主观臆断C.A novel.主观臆断D.A magazine.有据推理解题指导考查推理判断题之文章出处。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中的“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device.”，尤其是其中的关键词researchers，lowcost device等来推断
84、，这篇文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上，故选D项。题型三主旨大意题主旨大意题考查的是考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，是对文章内容的深层次理解。通常以确定文章标题、概括全文主题和段落大意等形式出现。,1.涵盖性强：覆盖全文或全段。2.范围恰当：既不太大，也不太小。3.精确性强：不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。1. 以偏概全：选项内容原文中有提及，但只是细枝末节，不能代表全文的整体意思，犯了以局部代替整体，用片面的观点看待整体问题的错误。2. 断章取义：孤立地取原文中的一句或几句话的意思，而不顾全篇文章的主旨或中心思想，指引用与原意不符或歪曲了原文所表达意思。3. 主题扩大：选项所述内
85、容或对原文内容进行过度归纳、概括，或对事情发生的范围过分扩大，超出了文章实际所表述的内容。4. 张冠李戴：选项所述内容弄错了事实和对象，把此人的事情或观点错加到彼人身上，或把此事物的特性错加到彼事物上。5. 无中生有：所述内容或是凭空捏造的信息，或是生活常识，或是普遍接受的认识，但都脱离了原文，在文中找不到支持的依据。6. 因果倒置：凡事有因才有果，有果必有因。选项混淆了事物间的因果关系，或将某一结果产生的原因作为结果，或将结果作为原因。一、确定文章标题标题是文章的题目，它不是主题，但限定主题的范围，可表达主题，是对主题的提炼和浓缩，表现形式多为短语，尤其是名词短语。特别注意：一个好的标题通常
86、具有三大特点：概括性、针对性和醒目性。(2019全国卷，B)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.“Its no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at AE Networks, a global media company and
87、home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of Chinainspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and
88、how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill.“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over
89、 the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashionthey are central to its movement.”Of course，not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by Chinasome of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are tak
90、ing on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.“The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says.“China is no
91、longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market.If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about Chinaits influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”27What can be a suitable title for
92、the text？A.Young Models Selling Dreams to the World以偏概全B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York以偏概全C.Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics以偏概全D.Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends覆盖全文解题指导考查主旨大意题之确定文章标题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就点明了主题：对于西方设计师来说，长期以来中国及其丰富的文化一直是西方创作者的灵感来源。接下来Amand
93、a Hill对中国文化和中国美学对国际时尚的影响进行了评价，由此可知，中国文化推动了国际时尚潮流，故D项作为文章的标题最合适。二、概括全文主题主题是文章的中心思想，是作者所要表达的中心意思，有的直接出现在文中，有的需要通过综合全文的内容概括归纳得出。1细读文章的首句、中间句和尾句，主题往往就在这些地方出现。2特别关注however, but等表示转折的信息词，主题很可能就在这类词的后面出现。3表示结论性的信息词如so, thus, therefore等后面通常会出现主题句。4对记叙文要会根据所述事件进行归纳概括，领会其寓意，总结出文章的主题。(2019全国卷，C)Marian Bechtel
94、sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself，quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad.What is she reading？None of your business！Lunch is Bechtels “me” time.And like more Americans，shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America.More than half(53
95、percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent)have lunch by themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book.Bechtel，who works i
96、n downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two
97、seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of t
98、he week，”he said.“Its a chance for selfreflection.You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over.Now，we have our smartphones t
99、o keep us company at the table.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，”said Laurie Demeritt，whose company provided the statistics for the report.31What is the text mainly about？A.The trend of having meals alone.涵盖性强B.The importance of selfreflection.断章取义C.The s
100、tress from working overtime.无中生有D.The advantage of wireless technology.断章取义解题指导考查主旨大意题之概括全文主题。根据第一、三、四段的例子，第二段的数据以及最后一段中的第一句“That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.”再次提及的eat alone可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故选A项。三、概括段落大意段落大意是指段落的中心意思。文章常由多个段落组成，共同支撑全文主题，但每段又分述不同的意思，可通过归纳、演绎等方
101、法概括得出。1如果该段是按总分顺序组织，首句作总的说明，其他句子对其进行具体论述，这种结构的主题句在段首。2如果按分总顺序组织，主题句在段尾。3如果按分总分的顺序组织，则主题句就在这段话的中间。4如果按总分总的顺序，段落结构相对难度较低，我们可以很明显地看到一段的首句和末句的内容几乎完全一致，正确答案就呼之欲出了。5如果按并列式行文，这种结构的段落一般会在一段中讨论两个平行的内容，整个段落可以从中间处分开，然后是平行关系，这样的段落结构对应的答案通常也会是很明确的并列关系。6如果对比各事物，那么它们的共同点或不同点就是该段大意。(2019全国卷，D节选)Popularity is a well
102、explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships，jumpstart interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are empl
103、oyed ever after in life and work.Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.33What is the second paragraph mainly about？A.The classification of the popular.涵盖性强B.The characteristics of adolescents.以偏概全C.The importance of interpe
104、rsonal skills.以偏概全D.The causes of dishonorable behavior.以偏概全解题指导考查主旨大意题之概括段落大意。根据本段内容以及第二句的句式特点(句中有冒号)，可暂时断定第二句是本段的主旨句。而第三句和第四句分别用The likables.和Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence.引出后文内容，恰恰就是介绍了受欢迎的两类人：讨人喜欢型和追求地位型。同时我们发现本段第二句中的关键词sorts.into.(把分成)与A项中的classification相呼应，故选A项
105、。题型四词义猜测题根据上下文猜测词义是阅读能力的一部分，在完整的语篇中，单词、短语和句子的含义总是受特定的语境和上下文限制的，因此考生可以根据上下文，并利用所掌握的语法、词汇、构词法等知识确定它们的意义。一、猜测单词的含义猜测单词的含义时，既可以猜测生词的含义，也可以猜测熟词的生义。(2019全国卷，B节选)But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should.should.”Chris trips on the “ld，”a pronunciation difficulty for many nonnative English s
106、peakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.“.Vote for.me.”Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.25What does the underlined word“stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer t
107、o?AImproper pauses.BBad manners.CSpelling mistakes. DSilly jokes.解题指导考查词义猜测题之猜测词义。根据本段中的“you should.should.”以及“.Vote for.me.”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系，与短语except for的语意相呼应。故选A项。本题可以从省略号和转折关系方面来界定。二、猜测短语的含义猜测短语的含义时，有时是一个陌生的短语，而有时可能我们对于构成短语的每一个词都熟悉，但是合起来的意思并不是
108、我们根据字面所理解的含义，因此，一定不要想当然。(2019全国卷，B节选)“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill.“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashionthey are central to its movement.”Of course，not onl
109、y are todays top Western designers being influenced by Chinasome of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.26What do the underlined wo
110、rds “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean?Alearning from Blooking down onCworking with Dcompeting against解题指导考查词义猜测题之猜测短语的含义。由画线词后面的beating them hands down in design and sales(在设计和销售方面轻而易举地击败他们)可知，take on此处意为“与较量”，故选D项。本题可以依据破折号后面的内容来界定。三、猜测句子的含义猜测句子的含义时，往往是似易实难，一定要根据上下文才能明确其含义。(2018全国卷，D节选)Adults underst
111、and what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.32What do the words “more is more” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?ATh
112、e more, the better.BEnough is enough.CMore money, more worries.DEarn more and spend more.解题指导考查词义猜测题之猜测句子的含义。根据第一段第一句可知，成人能够理解物质过剩的感受，可是当涉及孩子时，我们却会认为(孩子)拥有的东西越多越好。再根据第三句“The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.”可知，作者不认同前面的more is more这种观点。故选A项
113、。本句利用内文逻辑解题，画线部分与how to live more with less形成对比关系。四、猜测代词的指代根据上下文猜测代词it, they, that, these, those等代指的内容。(2017全国卷，C节选)Despite the celebrations, though, in the US. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.Its Jason Morans job to
114、help change thatAs the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.29What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AJazz becoming more accessible.BThe production of jazz gro
115、wing faster.CJazz being less popular with the young.DThe jazz audience becoming larger.解题指导考查词义猜测题之代词的指代。根据语境可知，画线词that 指代上段Despite the celebrations, though, in the US. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并
116、且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。故选C项。本句利用逻辑关系解题，that一般指代上文提到的事情，而this更多用于下文要说的事情。题材一广告宣传类考查要点方法技巧1.广告宣传的目的。2广告中提及的时间、地点、人物。3所介绍的事物、产品的特征。4所宣传的活动、项目的内容及其作用。1.浏览标题，了解大意。2找准关键词、关键句，把握住细节。3通过分析、对比，筛选出可用信息。A篇 (2019绵阳市诊断性考试)Educational App StoreBusuuBusuu helps you learn English language and the lessons quality is guar
117、anteed as it is based on CEFR language framework.Lessons range from beginners to advanced learners.Busuu is actually a great English app if you want to improve your spoken English by talking with native speakers.DuolingoDuolingo is one of the best English language apps today and highly recommended f
118、or English beginners.The system of the app helps you learn English quickly by spending twenty minutes a day.Duolingo structures your lessons that teach you about seven new words based on a topic and skill points being awarded for completing the lessons.MemriseMemrise uses some creative and easy ways
119、 to remember English words.The focus of this app is to help the users expand their vocabulary by learning English words in an effective way.Memrise also offers an offline mode to continue learning without Internet connection.Rosetta StoneRosetta Stone is designed differently from average language ap
120、ps on the marketplace today.Its trying to teach us English the way wed learn it if we were children starting to learn the language.It has exercises designed to help you learn basic words.A variety of lessons are offered that Rosetta Stone has been using for years.【语篇解读】本文介绍了四款能够帮助学习英语的应用程序。1Which is
121、 most helpful for speaking?ABusuu.BDuolingo.CMemrise.DRosetta Stone.A考查细节理解。根据Busuu部分中的Busuu is actually a great English app if you want to improve your spoken English by talking with native speakers.可知，如果你想和以英语为母语的人说话来提高英语口语的话，Busuu是一个很好的英语应用程序。故选A项。2What is unique about Memrise?AIt works online or
122、 offline.BIt serves English beginners.CIt promises quick progress.DIt helps develop vocabulary.A考查细节理解。根据Memrise部分中的Memrise also offers an offline mode to continue learning without Internet connection可知，Memrise的特殊之处在于它不仅可以在线学习也可以提供离线模式以便于学习者不联网时也能继续学习，故选A项。3What does the Educational App Store intend
123、 to do here?AInspire language learners.BShow its high technology.CCompare ways of learning.DPromote its latest products.D考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四种能够帮助学习英语的应用程序，强调了它们对于学习英语的好处，因此这个教育方面的应用商店是想推销自己的这些产品，故选D项。B篇 (2019郑州市质量预测)There are campus museums all over China that offer various collections and make for
124、 eyeopening visits.Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang UniversityAdmission：freeOpening hours：Tuesday and Saturday，9：00 am12：00 pmHighlights：Included among the more than 300 historic aircraft and space artifacts(手工艺品) are one of the two Northrop P61 Black Widows in the world and Chinas first ligh
125、t airliner，Beijing .Fudan University MuseumAdmission：freeOpening hours：Tuesday to Friday，9：00 am11：30 am and 1：30 pm4：30 pmHighlights：A unique collection of native artifacts.Some of them，such as pearl vests，are rarely seen.China Ichthyic(类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean UniversityAdmission：10 y
126、uanOpening hours：Monday to Friday，9：00 am11：30 am and 1：30 pm4：00 pmHighlights：In this collection of more than 40，000 specimens of about 3，000 oceandwelling species，the most eyecatching one is an 18.4meterlong sperm whale skeleton.Yifu Museum of China University of GeosciencesAdmission：40 yuan；half
127、price for studentsOpening hours：Monday to Friday，8：30 am12：00 pm and 2：30 pm5：00 pm；weekends and holidays，9：00 am4：30 pmHighlights：It houses a collection of more than 30，000 mineral and rock specimens，more than 2，000 of which are rare ones like the museums wellknown dinosaur fossils.China Academy Mu
128、seum at Hunan UniversityAdmission：50 yuanOpening hours：Monday to Sunday，8：00 am6：30 pm in summer and 8：30 am6：00 pm in winterHighlights：Chinas only museum to feature the history of academies and cultural education in the country.【语篇解读】该文介绍了几个中国的大学博物馆。4Which museum will you choose if youre interested
129、 in sea species?AChina Academy Museum at Hunan University.BYifu Museum of China University of Geosciences.CBeijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.DChina Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.D考查细节理解。根据China Ichthyic(类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分中的Highl
130、ights后面的句子，并结合题干可知，对海洋物种感兴趣的人可以参观上海海洋大学的中国类鱼文化博物馆。5What can you see in Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences?ASpace artifacts.BDinosaur fossils.CNative artifacts.DSperm whale skeletons.B考查细节理解。根据Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences部分中的Highlights后面的句子，并结合题干可知，在中国地质大学的逸夫博物馆里可以看到恐龙化石
131、。6When can you go to China Academy Museum at Hunan University?AOn Tuesday 6：00 pm in winter.BOn Saturday 8：00 am in winter.COn Sunday 6：30 pm in summer.DOn Wednesday 8：00 am in summer.D考查细节理解。根据China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分中Opening hours后面的句子，并结合选项可知，应选D项。C篇 (2019南昌市二模)From Antigua to Z
132、anzibar，these spots promise an incredible trip for 2019.Antigua，Guatemala“Antigua is worth every penny，but that doesnt mean youll have to empty your wallet，”says Hudson.There are plenty of budgetconscious activities.It wont cost you a coin to visit Santo Domingo del Cerro，an outdoor sculpture park.W
133、anting something sweet？Head to ChocoMuseo.Admission is free and so are the samples!Odessa，UkraineOdessa is having a bit of a tourism boom nationwidenot that were surprised，given its sandy beaches and pastelcolored buildingsbut its still fairly under the order for international audiences.You can also
134、 count on this port city for affordable fun.Tickets to the Odessa Opera House start at a mere $ 2!Bogot，Colombia“Travelers on budget will find Colombias vast capital far more of a bargain and every bit was fascinating，”says Hudson.“Its free to visit Museo de Oro and on Sundays many of the big roads
135、are closed to accommodate food carts，street entertainers，and pedestrians.”ZanzibarZanzibar attracts vacationers with its white sand beaches，greenishblue tides，colorful coral reefs，and oceanfront seaside.Of course，wandering in historic Stone Town is pretty appealing，too.Either way，you neednt spend a
136、penny in this amazing place.Its also worth noting that Jozani Forest is the only place in the world you can see endangered red colobus monkeys.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2019年值得一游的四个地方。7Which of the following requires admission fee?AChocoMuseo.BStone Town.CMuseo de Oro.DOdessa Opera House.D考查细节理解。根据第三段尾句可知
137、，去敖德萨歌剧院的门票2美元起，故D项正确。8What is special to Zanzibar?AWhite sand beaches.BColorful coral reefs.CRed colobus monkeys.DHistoric Stone Town.C考查细节理解。根据尾段尾句可知，在Zanzibar可以在Jozani森林看到濒临灭绝的红疣猴，故C项正确。9What do the four destinations have in common?AThey are coastal cities.BThey are inexpensive to visit.CThey wel
138、come street entertainers.DThey will make your wallet empty.B考查细节理解。根据第二段可知，参观Santo Domingo del Cerro不需要花费，ChocoMuseo是免门票的；根据第三段尾句可知，去敖德萨歌剧院的门票2美元起；根据尾段第二、三句可知，在Stone Town旅游不需要花费；根据第四段尾句可知，参观Museo de Oro是免费的。据此可知，这四个地点的共同点是所需旅游花费很少，故B项正确。1framework n. 架构；组织2focus n. 焦点3expand v. 扩展4highlight n. 最精彩的部
139、分5unique adj. 独特的6promise v. 有的可能7admission n. 准入；入场费8boom n. 激增；繁荣9budget n. 预算10appealing adj. 有感染力的，吸引人的题材二社会文化类考查要点1.人们工作、学习、社交的方式及其影响。2社会生活中所遇到的各种机遇和挑战。3中西文化差异以及社会文化现象。特别是传承优秀传统文化。4文化教育的发展、特点和功能。5价值观、道德观、风俗习惯的形成。方法技巧1.抓住文章的内在逻辑关系，理清脉络，把握文章的结构。2定位关键信息词，运用归纳概括等方法得出文章的主题。3明确事情的前因后果，推知文章的寓意。4要有多元文化
140、意识和国际视野，不能按照自己的传统来理解其他地区的文化。A篇 (2019惠州市调研考试)China will give the green light to Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare，which was decided at a State Council executive meeting held by Premier Li Keqiang.Medical instituti
141、ons will be allowed to provide online diagnostic services for patients with common and chronic diseases in their followup visits to their doctors.The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services，including consultations(会诊)，reservations and test result inquiries.As China join
142、s the ranks of middleincome countries，the demand for health services has increased accordingly.Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.One decision coming out of the meeting say
143、s the intelligent review of health insurance will be applied and that the onestop settlement will be advanced.The realtime sharing of prescription and drug retail sales will be explored as well.“We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decision is made，”Li said.“In recent years
144、，toplevel hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patients.Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and highend medical resources still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.”To solve the problem，a twopronged(双管齐下的) approach must be taken.On
145、e is to establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and community clinics.The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote to sharing of quality medical resources.The government will see to it that longdistance healthcare services cover all count
146、ylevel hospitals.So more efforts will be made to ensure that highspeed broadband network will be extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas.Dedicated Internet access services will be set up to meet the needs for longdistance healthcare services.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了李克强总理在国务院常务会议上强调
147、中国将大力推进“互联网”医疗服务的相关情况。1According to the text，which of the following services wont a patient enjoy online?AReceiving a medical operation.BAsking doctors for advice after the test.CKnowing their situation about the disease.DMaking an appointment with a doctor in advance.A考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句可知，病人获得的在线服务包括
148、会诊、预约和检查结果咨询，所以选项B、C、D都是这句话所涉及的内容。故选A。2What makes the demand for health services increase in China?AThe expense of medical care.BThe recognition of health insurance.CThe improvement of peoples life quality.DThe inconvenience of hospital equipment.C考查推理判断。根据文章第三段第一句可推知，应选C。3What does Li mean by sayin
149、g“We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures”？AThe bills are impossible to afford.BThe situations need urgent improvement.CThe measures are perfectly worked out.DThe hospitals are unwilling to admit patients.B考查推理判断。根据第五段尾句可知，医疗费用已成为家庭的沉重负担，高端医疗资源仍无法满足公众日益增长的需求。故选B。4What can be the suitab
150、le title for the text?AModern HospitalsBOnline Healthcare on Its WayCNo More Burden for General PeopleDWide Applications of Internet Medical ServicesB考查标题判断。通读全文尤其是首尾段可知，本文讲述互联网医疗服务正在发展中。故选B。B篇 (2019江西省八校联考)A primary school principal in north China has become the latest Internet celebrity for leadin
151、g some cool moves during a morning exercise routine with his students.Every morning，40yearold principal Zhang Pengfei at the Xi Guan Primary School in Linyi County，Shanxi Province would lead about 700 pupils on the playground in a synchronised“ghost shuffle”routinea dance that incorporates contempor
152、ary jazz steps with heel，toe and arm movements.The bold headmaster thought the fun and energetic exercise routine would better encourage students to get active instead of“being glued to their mobile phones”The schools new 30minute dance routine has replaced the governmentimposed broadcast callisthen
153、ics(健身操) programme，a short workout that has been a requirement at every primary，middle and secondary school in China since 1951.“I thought we needed a change because the students have been losing interest in doing the broadcast callisthenics routine，”Zhang told Southern Metropolis Daily.The dedicate
154、d principal said he came across a group of people doing the “ghost shuffle” routine at a public plaza last summer and decided to learn the dance himself.“I thought the dance would be great for kids，”he said.“The music is full of energy and it really gets the happy feeling of flowing.”In October，he i
155、ntroduced the choreographed(编舞) routine to all of his students and shortly after，even teachers and staff were joining in.“Now the students arent constantly on their phones.I sometimes catch them watching different dance routine videos and learning new moves！”the proud headmaster told reporters.The v
156、ideo quickly went around on Chinese social media，with a Weibo topic page titled“Principal leads students in ghost dance routine”gathering 250 million views.“This is perhaps the best adaption of sport and entertainment for children，”a comment on Weibo read.【语篇解读】山西临猗县西关小学校长领着孩子们在课间跳“鬼步舞”的视频迅速成为热点。 5W
157、hat can we know from the passage?AZhang Pengfei is a primary school principal in south China.BXi Guan Primary Schools new 30minute dance routine is both fun and energetic.CDoing the broadcast callisthenics routine is only required at primary schools in China.DFew people showed interest in Zhang Peng
158、feis ghost dance routine video on Weibo.B考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句可知，这位大胆的校长认为，这种有趣且充满活力的锻炼动作能更好地鼓励学生活跃起来，而不是“粘在手机上”。据此可知，这种舞蹈有趣且充满活力，故B项正确。6What can we infer from the last paragraph?APeople hold a critical attitude towards the adaptation.BPeople hold an indifferent attitude towards the adaptation.CPeople hold
159、 a negative attitude towards the adaptation.DPeople hold a supportive attitude towards to adaptation.D考查推理判断。通读尾段可知，“校长带领学生跳鬼步舞”的视频在微博上被大量点击浏览；根据尾句可知，微博评论认为这种舞蹈可能是孩子们运动和娱乐的最佳方式。据此可推知，人们支持这种改编的舞蹈，故D项正确。7What can we learn from the passage?AThe “ghost shuffle” routine was created by Zhang Pengfei.BThe“
160、ghost dance” is a form of callisthenics in China.CThe principal leads students in the ghost dance routine.DThe primary school is famous in China.C考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句可知，本件事情就是校长带领学生跳“鬼步舞”。8From which part of a magazine can we read this passage?AAgriculture.BTechnology.CEconomy.DEducation.D考查推理判断。通
161、读全文可知，山西临猗县西关小学的校长对学校的课间操进行了改革，选用“鬼步舞”代替课间操，并带领学生们跳舞，他认为这种舞蹈音乐节奏强烈，充满正能量，对孩子的身心健康有益。据此可推知，本文与学校教育相关，故最可能选自杂志的教育版块，故D项正确。1promote v. 促进2inaccessible adj. 不能接近的，不能使用的3prescription n. 处方，药方4ensure v. 保证，确保5extend v. 延长，延伸6routine n. 惯例7contemporary adj. 当代的8glue v. 粘在上面9adaption n. 改编10comment n. 评论题材三
162、人物故事类考查要点1故事的背景、经过和结局。2人物的特征、主要经历和功绩。3情节、人物或事件之间的关系。4故事的前因和后果。5作者的意图和态度。方法技巧1理清叙事的顺序，是顺叙、倒叙还是插叙。2把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺序。3理清事情发生的背景、起因、过程及结果。4感悟人物的情感和心理活动。5领会故事细节与主题的关系。A篇 (2019潍坊市统一考试)JK.Rowling turned another year older this week.Born Joanne Rowling，J.K.Rowling is，of course，her adopted pen name.Concerned
163、that young boys might not go for a book written by a woman，her publisher suggested she come up with a pseudonym(笔名)So，upon combining her first initial with the initial of her paternal grandmother，Kathleen，the moniker JK. Rowling was born.Thats the interesting fact about Rowling，apparently，and she ca
164、n only fool some of the people some of the time.Back in 2013，a crime novel appeared on the shelves.It was entitled The Cuckoos Calling，and it was written by Robert Galbraith.According to Galbraiths bio，he spent“several years with the Royal Military Police” and the leading character of his novel，a fe
165、llow by the name of Cormoran Strike，“grew directly out of his own experiences and those of his military friends.”Only，upon further review，he didnt！The book was actually penned by JK.Rowling，who apparently wanted to try and sell a novel based on complete craftsmanship rather than on her name.Unfortun
166、ately，however，the wife of a partner in the media firm in whom she placed her trust，shared the secret on Twitter.Rowling was angry and disappointed concerning the betraying of trust.Im not sure whether I would be terribly upset for too long，if I were her.Previous to her being known as the author，Rowl
167、ing saw her book listed 4，709th on Amazon.After the big revelation，her book jumped all the way to No.1!More importantly，I think she got what she wanted.The novel has received nearly universal critical acclaimRowling passed her own test with flying colors.Clearly，shes pretty good at her craft!In any
168、case，I personally look forward to reading her newest writing endeavor.【语篇解读】本文主要报道了J. K. Rowling用其他名字写书这一秘密暴露一事。1Why was Joanne Rowling advised to use a male pen name?AIt was a common practice.BHer grandmother didnt like her name.CThe publisher wanted to give readers a surprise.DWomen writers might
169、not be popular with boy readers.D考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句可知，女性作者可能不大受男性读者喜欢，因此Rowling用笔名写书，故选D。2Why didnt JK.Rowling publish her new book under her name?AShe thought her name was out of date.BReaders didnt like her books any longer.CShe intended to prove her writing ability.DShe thought a new name could make
170、 her more popular.C考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句可推知，J. K. Rowling出版新书时没有用自己的名字是想验证自己的写作能力，故选C。3What does the underlined word“acclaim”in Paragraph 6 mean?ASevere criticism.BGreat respect.CHigh praise.DMuch sympathy.C考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段最后两句可推知J. K. Rowling的书大获成功，受到了广泛的赞誉，故选C。4What is the best title of the text?AThe Sec
171、ret Is OutBHer Door Is OpenCThe Book Is on SaleDHer Effort Is in VainA考查标题判断。结合对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家 J. K. Rowling用其他名字写书这一秘密暴露的故事，故选A。B篇 (2019唐山市质检)Judy Wright and her husband decided to move closer to their son，Chris，who lived in Georgia.About a month after the move，Judy fell ill，suffering from h
172、er ongoing battle against Parkinsons disease.Her condition worsened rapidly and she required medical care at home.The family hired a nursing aid who canceled at the last minute.Instead，a woman named TunDe Hector showed up in her place.One day，TunDe shared a story with Judy and her family.She remembe
173、red a particularly difficult day in 2014，when a stranger had helped her with a kind gesture.She had run out of gas，and with only $5 in her pocket，was walking to a gas station，gas can in hand.A man saw her walking and turned his car around.He paid for her gas and gave her all the cash left in his wal
174、let.Upon hearing the story，Judys son，Chris，took off his hat and said，“That was me！”He was the stranger that had helped TunDe on that difficult day.During the care of Judy，the Wright family learned about TunDes family and her own dream.The nursing aid，TunDe hoped that one day she could become an OBGY
175、N nurse.Her tuition was past due and she had a family to care for，but she was determined to achieve that goal for herself and her family.Judy died on July 9，2017.Instead of flowers，her family asked mourners to donate to TunDes education，to assist her in paying for her nursing school.In less than a w
176、eek，they raised more than $8，000 and presented her with the surprise check.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个善有善报的故事。5Why did Judys family choose TunDe in the end?ATo help her with a kind gesture.BTo replace another nursing aid.CTo look after Judy in the hospital.DTo give Judy the best medical care.B考查细节理解。根据题干定位
177、答案在第二段。根据本段的内容可知，Judy病情急剧恶化，所以需要请家庭护工，但是原本说好的护工在最后一刻反悔了，这时TunDe出现代替了原本的护工，故答案为B。6How might Chris feel when hearing TunDes story?AShocked.BThrilled.CPuzzled.DDelighted.A考查推理判断。根据题干定位答案在第三段。根据本段中That was me后的感叹号，再结合文意可知，TunDe分享了自己之前被一个陌生人帮助的故事，Chris意识到这个陌生人碰巧是自己，由此可推断Chris非常震惊，故选A。7How did the Wright
178、family help TunDe after Judys death?AThey paid for her education.BThey helped care for her family.CThey helped her realize her dream.DThey bought her a surprise present.C考查推理判断。根据题干中的after Judys death定位答案在最后一段。Judy的家人请求吊唁者不要送花，而是捐款给TunDe，以帮助她上护理学校；再根据第四段可知，当妇产科护士是TunDe的梦想，因此Wright一家为她筹款帮助她实现自己的梦想，故答
179、案为C。8What does the whole story mainly tell us?AKindness comes full circle.BActions speak louder than words.CThe truth never fears investigation.DConstant dropping wears the stone.A考查主旨大意。根据全文大意可知，TunDe帮助照顾Chris生病的母亲，Chris的母亲去世后，他们一家又帮助TunDe实现梦想，由此可知本文主要讲：你帮助了别人，别人也会帮助你，善有善报。故选A。1concerned adj. 担心的2a
180、pparently adv. 明显地，显而易见地3entitle v. 命名，起名4betray v. 背叛，出卖5previous adj. 在之前6universal adj. 普遍的，全世界的7cancel v. 取消8gesture n. 手势，姿势9donate v. 捐赠，捐献10present v. 赠送题材四科普知识类考查要点方法技巧1科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。2事物的性质、特点、原理、用途等。3事物或现象产生的原因、过程、演变。4相似事物间的异同。1.理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺序。2把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、递进式、总分式。3认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、作比较
181、、打比方等。A篇 (2019昆明市诊断测试)Artificial intelligence(AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors.It may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.Rishi Rawat，who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles，is par
182、t of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver.Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer.He says，“You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition thats important
183、for making decisions.”David Agus is another researcher.He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors.“Computers will not treat patients，but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain cant recognize by itself.”Once a confirmed cancerous growt
184、h is removed，doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning.The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer.Nowadays，researchers take a thin piece of tissue(组织)，put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better.That process could take days or
185、even longer.Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells.Through machine learning，it can recognize complex patterns or structures，and learn how the cells are organized.The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is
186、 free of human mistakes.Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.The researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer.Bu
187、t doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.【语篇解读】人工智能有望帮助医生诊断和治疗癌症。1What can AI do with the help of the information provided by the researchers?ARecognize cancer patterns.BTreat liver cancer.CCollect useful information.DStore cancerous cells.A考查细节
188、理解。根据第二段最后一句可知，人工智能根据对其输入的数据来了解该模式，并进行癌症模式的识别。2What can we learn about AI?AIt will be able to replace doctors.BPatients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help.CIt is making a difference in taking care of patients.DIt can recognize cancer more accurately.D考查推理判断。根据第四段最后一句可知，人工智能可以识别一些复杂的模式或
189、结构，同时了解细胞是如何组成的。由此可推知，人工智能可以更精确地识别癌症。3Whats the authors attitude towards the future of AI?AOptimistic.BDoubtful.CCurious.DCold.A考查观点态度。根据文章最后两段的内容可知，人工智能将很快能够识别癌症，并且将应用到诊治各种癌症之中。由此可推知，作者对人工智能的未来持乐观的态度。4What is the best title for the text?AAI Is Used to Treat CancersBAI May Compete with DoctorsCAI Ma
190、y Make Doctors BetterDAI Is Better at Curing CancersC考查标题判断。根据对文章的整体理解可推知，人工智能作为一种工具可以帮助医生更好地诊断和治疗癌症。B篇 (2019合肥市质检)We can have video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of a mountain.But communicating with a submarine(潜艇) or a di
191、ver is not so easy.The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater airborne(空气传播的) devices has long been a frustration for scientists.The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water.Sonar signals used by underwater sensors refl
192、ect off the surface of water rather than reaching the air.Now，researchers at MIT have developed a method with the potential to revolutionize underwater communication.“What weve shown is that its actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air，”says Fadel Adib，a professor at MITs Media La
193、b，who led the research.The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface，making vibrations(震动) corresponding to the 1s and 0s of the data.A surface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations.The researchers call the system TARF.It h
194、as any number of potential realworld uses，Adib says.It could be used to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a planes black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface.Right now the technology is lowresolution.The initial study was conducted in
195、 the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around 11 or 12 feet.The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditionshigh waves，storms，schools of fish.They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the other directionair
196、 to water.If the technology proves successful in realworld conditions，expect“texting while diving” to be the latest underwater fashion.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项麻省理工学院的科学家发明的从水下与地面上的人进行通信的技术。5What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?AThe future of video chat underwater and in air.BThe frust
197、rations of developing underwater devices.CThe difficulty of communication from water to air.DThe current situation of communicating with a submarine.C考查段落大意。通读第一段的内容可知，该段主要讲的是从水下与地面的人进行通信非常困难，因此C项正确。6What does the underlined word“feasible”mean?AAchievable.BConvenient.CChangeable.DAlternative.A考查词义猜测
198、。根据第二段第一句可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员发明了一种可能改变水下通信的方法，使从水下与地面上的人进行沟通成为可能，故画线词与A项“可实现的”意思最相近，故选A。7What do we know about TARF?AIt is widely used to find downed planes.BIt can work well at great depths underwater.CIt is an underwater machine that sends signals.DIt can send，receive and read signals from underwater.D考
199、查推理判断。文章第三段详细讲述了TARF系统的工作原理：该系统使用一个水下机器向水面发送声呐信号，使震动与数据的1和0对应，然后水面接收器读取并对这些微小的震动进行重新编码，这样可以从水下与地面上的人进行通信。因此D项正确。8What is the best title for the text?AThe Realworld Uses of Sonar TechnologyBFull Watertoair Communication Closer to RealityCA Breakthrough in the Application of Video ChatDTARF Becoming a
200、 New Means of CommunicationB考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家发明的一种解决了从水下与地面上的人无法进行通信联系这个难题的系统，研究人员将会把它投入到真实的状况下进行验证，因此B项最适合作本文标题。1artificial adj. 人工的2cancerous adj. 癌症的3confirm v. 证实，确认4complex adj. 复杂的5identification n. 鉴别6reflect v. 反射7potential n. 潜力，潜能8correspond v. 相符，类似于9initial adj. 最初的10maximum adj.
201、最大的，最高的题材五政经史地类考查要点方法技巧1.常识，基本概念、原理，现实意义。2地理现象的形成、影响，自然灾害的起因、后果、预防。3名胜古迹、文化遗产的形成，特点及其保护。1.弄清文章诸要素之间的内在关系，并据此展开推理判断。2把握诸如位置、方位等细节，绘制简易地图。3掌握一些政经史地方面的常识。A篇 (2019成都市诊断性检测)For six hundred years，the Tower of Londons most exotic(异国风情的) prisoners were animals.The Royal Menagerie(动物园) began as a result of k
202、ings exchanging rare and strange animals as gifts.In 1235，Henry was delighted to be presented with three wildcats by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick .These inspired him to start a zoo at the Tower.Henrys“wildcats”，although described as leopards，were probably lions.These are the ancestors of the thr
203、ee lions that still appear on the England football teams shirts today.In 1251 the lions were joined by a “white bear” probably a polar beargiven by the King of Norway.In 1255，the King of France sent the first elephant ever seen in England and “people flocked together to see the novel sight”Sadly，the
204、 elephant died in 1258.Poor treatment and cramped conditions meant many of the animals did not survive for long.But the Royal Menagerie continued to grow.Edward created a permanent new home for the Royal Menagerie at the western entrance to the Tower，which became known as the Lion Tower.The terrifyi
205、ng sounds and smells of wild animals must have both impressed and scared visitors.By 1622，the collection had been extended to include three eagles，two pumas，a tiger and a jackal，as well as lions and leopards，who were the main attractions.However，the end of the Royal Menagerie came in the 1830s.Campa
206、igners had begun to raise concerns，and the animals were expensive，occasionally dangerous and a nuisance to the guardsmen.The Duke of Wellington sent 150 of the beasts to a new zoo in Regents Park，todays London Zoo.Despite Alfred Copss best efforts to carry on，several further incidents including an e
207、scaped wolf and a monkey that bit a guardsmans leg convinced King William to shut down the Royal Menagerie for good in 1835.The remaining animals were sold to zoos and travelling shows and the Lion Tower was later demolished.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了著名的伦敦塔中皇家动物园的历史。1What do we know about the elephant pre
208、sented in 1255?AIt caused big trouble.BIt received much attention.CIt lived painfully in the Lion Tower.DIt died before the polar bear came in.B考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句可知，1255年，法国国王送给英国一头大象，英国人第一次见到大象，人们成群结队地去观看；据此可知，1255年被赠送的这头大象引起了很大的关注，故B项正确。2How many types of animals at the Royal Menagerie are mentioned
209、in the text?AEight.BNine.CTen.DEleven.C考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句可知，该处提及“野猫”，很可能就是狮子；根据第三段第一句可知，该处提及“白熊”；根据第三段第二句可知，该处提及“大象”；根据第五段可知，到1622年，收藏范围扩大至包含三只鹰、两只美洲狮、一只老虎和一只胡狼、狮子和豹子；根据尾段第一句可知，该处提及狼和猴子；据此可知，该动物园中一共提及十种动物，故C项正确。3For what reason was to Royal Menagerie closed at last?ASecurity concerns.BThe decline of to
210、urism.CPressure from campaigners.DThe financial burden to raise the animals.A考查细节理解。根据尾段第一句可知，由于发生了危险事件，包括逃跑的狼和猴子咬人，故威廉四世终于决定永久关闭这家动物园，故A项正确。4Which is the best title for the text?AThe Royal MengaerieBGifts Presented to the KingCTourist Attractions in LondonDMiserable Life in the Lion TowerA考查标题判断。通读
211、全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了伦敦塔中的皇家动物园的历史，故A项最能概括文意。B篇 (2019广州市调研测试)Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris，a small metal cylinder(圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars.It has lain there for more than a century，and its rest was only occasionally disturbed when
212、the rooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.First，the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft，alcoholsoaked cloth.Then it is steamed with pure water.Finally，the 1kg cylinder is returned，carefully，to its resting pl
213、ace.Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual，but has a purpose.The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining，circular metal is its precious relic.It is the defining mass(质量) against which all other kilograms are measured.This is the international pr
214、ototype(样本)，or standard，of the kilogramthe IPK，in short.Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made.They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations weights and measures systems.But the days of the IPK，in its current form，are numbered.The Internation
215、al Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurementbased on electric currentsin order to define the mass of an object.The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international s
216、ecurity，”says Paul Robinson，the spokesman of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.“If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed，we would have no reference left for the worlds metric weights system.There would be chaos.The current definition of the kilogram is the wei
217、ght of that cylinder in Paris，after all.”Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements.“Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even b
218、illionths of a gram，”says Robinson.“We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于巴黎国际度量衡局的珍贵的“千克”样本。5What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?AIts cared for with great devotion.BIts used in various ceremonies.CIts beautifully designe
219、d and decorated.DIts the most valuable metal in the world.A考查推理判断。通读第一段的内容可知，该“千克”样本被放在巴黎的一个美丽的城堡里，并置于钟形玻璃罩下面；结合第二段的内容可知，技术人员用一块柔软的、被酒精浸泡过的布擦它，然后用纯水蒸的方式清理它，最后小心地将它放回原来的位置。据此可以判断，这个“千克”样本被用心地照看着，故A项正确。6Which of the following best explains“dethroned” underlined in Paragraph 5?ARebuilt.BRemoved.CDestro
220、yed.DUpgraded.B考查词义猜测。根据第五段第二句可知，国际度量衡局决定用一种更基本的基于电流的测量(方法)来代替这个单一的物理样本，以确定一个物体的质量；结合该段第三句可推知，该“千克”之王即将被废黜；故画线词与B项“免除，解除(职务等)”意思最相近，故B项正确。7What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?ATo protect the metal cylinder from damage.BTo make taking measurements more economical.CTo provide all countries
221、with the same standard.DTo satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.D考查细节理解。根据尾段的内容，尤其是第一句可知，更换国际千克样本的另一个主要原因是社会需要越来越精确的测量结果，目前的IPK已经不能满足社会的需要，故D项正确。8What can be a suitable title for the text?ANo more kilosBA measurement technologyCThe future of the kiloDThe history of measuresC考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章主要
222、介绍了收藏在巴黎的一座城堡中的“千克”样本，该样本在未来将面临变革。故C项最适合作本文标题。1ancestor n. 祖先2permanent adj. 永久的3convince v. 使信服4secured adj. 安全的，牢固的 5original n. 原版，原件6fundamental adj. 基本的，根本的7chaos n. 混乱，紊乱8motivation n. 动机，动力9precise adj. 精确的，准确的10accuracy n. 精确(性)，准确(性)A篇 (2019江西省八校联考)Peppa Pig，a British preschool animated TV
223、series，has undergone an amazing journey in adapting to Chinese culture and Chinas market.2015In June，the Peppa Pig TV series was introduced to the Chinese market by Entertainment One and first aired on the CCTV Childrens Channel.Shortly after its publication，Peppa Pig attracted billions of views on
224、social media platforms like iQIYI，Youku and Tudou.2016The Peppa Pig TV series was broadcast on the CCTV Childrens Channel for a second round.It also gained more viewers on the Golden Eagle Animation Channel，Hunan TV.2017The phrase“Peppa Pig Girl” became one of the hottest buzzwords on Chinas Interne
225、t.It refers to a girl who holds a positive attitude toward life even though she tends to be lazy in her daily life.She might look a bit silly and often have tasty food as a top priority on her mind.2018Rumors claimed that Peppa Pig was banned from Douyin，Chinas major video sharing platform，saying it
226、“violates(违反) the community regulations and has not passed censorship(审查制度)”In May，however，representatives from Douyin said the app was not forbidding Peppa Pig.2019According to Entertainment One，more than 40 million Peppa Pig books have been sold since its second round broadcast on CCTV.In the year
227、 of the Pig，more companies are adding Peppathemed elements to their products for promotion.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。本文按照时间顺序介绍了小猪佩奇在中国的广泛影响，自2015年被引进央视少儿频道起，到2019年关于小猪佩奇书籍的出版。1Since _，more than 40 million Peppa Pig books have been sold.A2015B2016C2017D2018B考查细节理解。根据尾段第一句可知，自从央视第二次播出小猪佩奇以来，已经有四千多万册小猪佩奇的书被销售一空；
228、结合第三段第一句可知，小猪佩奇于2016 年第二次在央视少儿频道播出，故B项正确。2What does the passage mainly talk about?APeppa Pigs great effect in China.BPeppa Pigs high economic value in China.CThe causes of the great popularity of Peppa Pig TV series.DThe introduction of Peppa Pig to the whole world.A考查主旨大意。根据文章第一段并结合全文内容可知，本文按照时间顺序，
229、介绍了小猪佩奇在中国的广泛影响。故A项正确。3What can we learn about Peppa Pig according to the passage?AThe TV series was first broadcast on Hunan TV.BFood is the favorite of a Peppa Pig Girl，who is silly.CYear of the Pig will help promote the sales of the Peppathemed products.DPeppa Pig was banned in Douyin because it
230、broke the law.C考查推理判断。根据尾段尾句可知，在猪年，有更多的公司在它们的产品中增加了“佩奇”主题元素来促销；据此可推知，猪年将有助于销售以“佩奇”为主题的商品，故C项正确。B篇 (2019武昌区调研考试)Parents complain about their teenagers noses constantly in their phones，but they might want to pay attention to their own screen time habits.A study out Wednesday from the Pew Research Cent
231、er found that twothirds of parents are concerned about the amount of time their teenage children spend in front of screens，while more than a third express concern about their own screen time.Meanwhile，more than half of teens said they often or sometimes find their parents to be absentminded when the
232、 teens are trying to have a conversation with them.The study calls teens relationship with their phones at times “hyperconnected” and notes that nearly threefourths check messages or notifications(通知) as soon as they wake up.Parents do the same，but at a lower if still considerable rate57 percent.Big
233、 tech companies face a growing backlash(强烈反应) against the addictive nature of their phones and apps，the endless notifications and other features created to keep people fastened to their screens.Many teens are trying to do something about it：52 percent said they have cut back on the time they spend o
234、n their phones and 57 percent did the same with social media.Experts say parents have a big role in their kids screen habits and setting a good example is a big part of it.“Kids dont always do what we say but they do as we do，”said Donald Shifrin，a professor at the University of Washington School of
235、 Medicine，who was not involved in the study.“Parents are the door that kids will walk through on their way to the world.”The study surveyed 743 US. teens and 1，058 US. parents of teens from March 7 to April 10.The range of error is 4.5 percentage points.【语篇解读】父母总是抱怨他们的孩子太沉溺于手机，其实是他们自身的这种行为影响到了孩子。为了避
236、免孩子对手机上瘾，父母自身应该首先树立好榜样。 4According to the survey，how many parents are concerned about their screen time?AAbout 354.BAbout 317.CAbout 603.DAbout 705.A考查数字计算。根据第二段最后一句中的while more than a third express concern about their own screen time和最后一段中的The study surveyed 743 US. teens and 1, 058 US. parents of
237、teens可知，这次研究调查了1 058位父母，而他们中超过1/3的人表达对自己使用手机时间的担忧；由此可知1 0583352.7；又根据more than可知，应该大于352，故选A。5What does the underlined word“hyperconnected”in Para.3 mean?AInteractive.BUndervalued.CNonexistent.DOverdeveloped.D考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的Parents complain about their teenagers noses constantly in their phones和第二段中的
238、twothirds of parents are concerned about the amount of time their teenager children spend in front of screens可知，都提到父母担忧孩子看手机的时间太长；而划线词所在句又讲到青少年一醒来就先查看手机的信息和通知；由此可推知，孩子和手机之间的关系是过度联系的，故画线词与D项意思相近。6Who makes it hard for people to fight against phone addiction?AProtective parents.BThe Pew Research Cente
239、r.CInexperienced teens.DGreedy tech companies.D考查推理判断。根据第四段内容可推知，大型科技公司为了自己的利益，会不断研发使人上瘾的手机功能，故选D。7What does the text suggest parents do about their kids screen habits?AUpgrade the smart phones.BCriticize kids for bad habits.CForbid kids from using phones.DCut down their own screen time.D考查推理判断。根据倒数
240、第二段第一句以及Kids dont always do what we say but they do as we do可知，父母对于孩子看手机的习惯有不可推卸的责任，树立榜样意义重大；由此可推知，文章建议父母减少自己看手机的时间，故选D。C篇 (2019太原市模拟)Even for a firsttime visitor to China，it is impossible to ignore the popularity of Quick Response(QR) codes.These squareshaped blackandwhite symbols in WeChat or Alip
241、ay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.The QR code system originated in Japan.The engineer Masahiro Hara felt the limitation of the onedimension bar code in use and thus developed the QR codes which could carry data horizontally and vertically.QR codes could hold much more
242、 information than the bar code due to their extra dimension.In addition，QR codes have larger data capacity，smaller printout size and higher resistance to dirt and damage，which make them widely applied in many other applications.Though the technology of QR codes is complicated，we can easily create ou
243、r own QR codes with the help of QR code generators，many of which are available online for free.Users could enter the data they wish the QR code to display，and the generator turns it into a symbol that can be printed or displayed in electronic form.The process of creating QR codes could be really fun
244、 when we customise the design of the codes according to our specific needs.For instance，we can adjust the color，add a logo，and create social options.Moreover，dynamic(动态的) QR codes are also available.They are more various than standard QR codes because they allow users to edit data entered previously
245、 whereas data in standard QR codes cannot be edited once printed.Plus，dont limit your QR code to one mobile scanner.Anyone can scan your code with any reader.A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.Meanwhile，we must also recognize the vulnerability of QR codes.Due to
246、its easy access，criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own，routing cash into their own bank accounts. Hence，we should all become more conscious towards virtual money transactions through QR codes and participate in additional security measures.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了二维码的起源、生成方法以及使用过程中
247、的安全问题等方面的内容。8Which of the following is NOT a function of QR codes?ADate storage.BScanning readers.CSocial networking.DMobile payment.B考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句中的where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments可知，C、D两项为二维码的功能；根据第二段第四句中的QR codes have larger data capacity可知，A项也是二维码的功能。故选B。9Why is
248、the bar code mentioned in Paragraph 2?ATo introduce the main topic.BTo show the authors attitude.CTo highlight the features of QR codes.DTo add some background knowledge.C考查推理判断。第二段讲述了二维码产生的推动力，即一维条形码在使用中的局限性。由此可推知，第二段举条形码的例子是为了凸显二维码的特征。故选C。10Which of the following best explains“vulnerability” under
249、lined in Paragraph 4?AThreat.BWeakness.CDifficulty.DSimplicity.B考查词义猜测。根据划线词下文中的criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own可知，罪犯仅通过用他们自己的二维码来替换其他的二维码来窃取他人的金钱，由此可知，二维码也有其弱点。故选B。11Which is true about QR codes according to the text?AThey were first used in China.BThe generators
250、charge the users a lot.CData editing is possible in printed QR codes.DMore scanning devices are available in reading QR codes.D考查推理判断。根据第三段倒数第二、三句可推知，有更多的扫描设备能扫描二维码。故选D。D篇 (2019南昌市模拟)Robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks，such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters.
251、They are also finding applications as household help and as nursing assistants.As increasing numbers of machines，equipped with the latest artificial intelligence，take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks，the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more
252、urgent.A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus，Professor of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig MaximiliansUniversitt(LMU)，have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles.According to
253、 Sari Nijssen，the study set out to answer the following question：“Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？”The participants were faced with a hypothetical(假设的) moral dilemma：Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a grou
254、p of injured persons？In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human，a humanoid robot that had been humanized to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine.The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized，the less likely participants were to sac
255、rifice it.Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings，experiences and thoughts，were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous(无名的) humans.“This result indic
256、ates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot，”says Paulus.“One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far.Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended functionto be of help to us.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。机器人不仅可以帮助人类执行危险
257、的任务，现代智能机器人还能帮助人们处理日常生活问题。研究表明，将机器人过于人性化的尝试将对人产生困扰。12What has become a concern about robots?AHow to humanize them.BHow to treat them in life.CHow to use them effectively.DHow to find more applications.B考查细节理解。根据第一段the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent和第
258、二段中的have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles可知，如何在生活中对待机器人已经成为人们担心的一个问题，故B项正确。13In the study the participants probably have to decide Awhen to sacrifice a robotBwhere to experience risksCwhich robot to
259、work withDwhat robots should be likeA考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句可知，该研究将要回答“在什么情况下成年人愿意牺牲机器人来拯救人类生命？”这一问题，故A项正确。14What can be inferred from Paulus words?AHumanized robots offer less help to people.BHumanizing robots too much may be improper.CCertain moral status should be attached to robots.DConflicts often happ
260、en between humans and robots.B考查推理判断。根据本文最后两句Paulus所说的话可知，Paulus认为，这一发现表明，使机器人人性化的尝试不应该走得太远。这些努力可能会与机器人的预期功能(帮助人类)发生冲突。据此可推知，Paulus认为机器人过于人性化可能不恰当，故B项正确。15Which of the following would be the best title for the text?ARobots，a Must for FutureBHumanized Robots，a New TrendCRobots Saved，People Take the HitDHumanized Robots Replace HumanC考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要提出“过度将机器人人性化，将人的道德水准赋予机器人，将会使人受到困扰”这一观点，故C项最适合作本文标题。
