1、考点7:非谓语动词真题再练1.(2015卷I68)Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers _(conduct)by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.因句中已有谓语动词names，所以conduct应为非谓语动词；又由conduct a study/survey(进行研究/调查)可知，a study与conduct是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。conducted2.(2015卷I70)A
2、bercrombie&Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.因在says后的宾语从句中已有谓语arranges,所以live应为非谓语动词；又因people与live是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。living3.(2015卷II61)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American S
3、outhwest are admired by因句中已有谓语动词are admired，所以build应为非谓语动词；又因The adobe dwellings与build是被动关系，加之有by的提示，可知用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填built。built4.(2015卷II64)In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to“air condition”a house without _(use)electric equipment.作介词with
4、out的宾语，要用动名词，故填using。using5.(2015卷II66)When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool)the house during the hot day.在作表语或补语的形容词后，只能用不定式作状语，故填to cool。另外，“形容词/副词+enough to do sth.(够可以做某事)”可看作固定搭配。to cool6.(2014卷I65)But the river wasnt changed in a few days or ev
5、en a few months.It took years of work _(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.it takes some time to do sth.句型，用不定式作真正的主语。to reduce7.(2014卷I68)While there are _(amaze)stories of instant transformation,for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like clean
6、ing up a polluted river.在名词stories前作定语，表示“惊人的”，要用现在分词作形容词用，故填amazing。amazing8.(2014卷II41)One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about _(be)late for school.在介词(about)后作宾语，动词be应用动名词形式。being9.(2014卷II43)There were many people waiting at the bus stop,and some of them looked very anxious and _
7、(disappoint).因looked作“看起来”解是系动词，故作形容词用的过去分词disappointed作表语，表示“感到失望的”。disappointed10.(2014卷II46)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused _(stop)until we reached the next stop.表示“拒绝做某事”，是refuse to do sth.。11.(2014卷II47)Still,the boy kept _(ride).He was carrying something ove
8、r his shoulder and shouting.表示“继续/一直做某事”，是keep doing sth.。to stopriding12.(2014样卷3)I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table when I went to answer the phone.But someone must have taken them because theyre _(go).作表语用形容词，表示“不见了”，故填gone。gone13.(2014样卷5)Alan:Oh,it must have been Dad.Im s
9、ure he was in the kitchen earlier.Mum:No,he went off to his tennis match before I finished _(make)them,so he couldnt have done it.表示“做完”是finish doing，故填making。making思路点拨当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing,done,to do)。详见考点归纳。考点归纳1.作主语(1)作主语通常用动名词(一般)或不定式形式(具体)。如
10、：_(smoke)may cause cancer,so you should give it up.解析：在谓语may cause 前面一定是作主语，“吸烟可能导致癌症”是一般情况，故填Smoking，注意句首第一个单词的第一个字母要大写。SmokingIt is clear that _(finish)this task will take a long time.解析：完成这项任务是一次具体的情况，故用不定式较好，填to finish。to finish(2)用不定式或动名词作主语的特殊句型。请熟记：如真题再练第6题(it takes some time to do sth.)。熟记下列
11、固定句式：It takes me about two hours to finish all my homework every day.我每天做完所有作业需要大约两小时。It is necessary for us to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings.经常有人提醒我们自身的缺点是有必要的。Its very kind of you to tell me the truth.你真好，告诉我真相。Its no use quarrelling about it.We are all in the same boat.为此事争吵是没有用的，我们处
12、境相同。2.作宾语(1)在介词后作宾语一般只用动名词。如真题再练第4题和第8题。有的短语中的to是介词而不是不定式符号，后面接动词时用动名词，最有可能考的有6个，请牢记：be used to doing sth.习惯做某事be accustomed to doing sth.习惯做某事be devoted to doing sth.致力于做某事devote oneself to doing sth.致力于做某事look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事object to doing sth.反对做某事(2)只能接不定式的动词或短语动词。如真题再练第10题。以下18条考的可能
13、性最大，请根据汉语意思，用规范工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢记：汉语意思英文搭配1 决定做某事_ to do sth.2 拒绝干某事_ to do sth.3 同意做某事_ to do sth.4 希望做某事_ to do sth.5 计划做某事_ to do sth.6 打算做某事_ to do sth.deciderefuseagreehopeplanintend汉语意思英文搭配7能够做某事_ to do sth.8碰巧做某事_ to do sth.9想做某事_ to do sth.10 假装做某事_ to do sth.11 提出要做某事_ to do sth.12 努力做成某事_ to
14、do sth.affordhappenwantpretendoffermanage汉语意思英文搭配13 能够做某事_ to do sth.14 碰巧做某事_ to do sth.15 想做某事_ to do sth.16 假装做某事_ to do sth.17 提出要做某事 _ to do sth.18 努力做成某事 _ to do sth.would loveget readycant waittry ones bestmake an attemptmake up ones mind(3)只能接动名词的动词或短语动词。如真题再练第11和13题。以下22条考的可能性最大，请根据汉语意思，用规范
15、工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢记：汉语意思英文搭配1 喜爱做某事_ doing sth.2 完成某事_ doing sth.3 讨厌做某事_ doing sth.4 介意做某事_ doing sth.5 练习做某事_ doing sth.6 持续做某事_ doing sth.7 允许做某事_ doing sth.enjoyfinishdislikemindpractisekeeppermit/allow汉语意思英文搭配8承认做某事_ doing sth.9考虑做某事_ doing sth.10 建议做某事_ doing sth.11 避免做某事_ doing sth.12 不怕做某事_ doin
16、g sth.13 想象做某事_ doing sth.14 想做某事_ doing sth.15 放弃做某事_ doing sth.admitconsidersuggest/adviseescaperiskimaginefeel likegive up汉语意思英文搭配16 推迟做某事_ doing sth.17 继续做某事_ doing sth.18 反复做某事_ doing sth.19 坚持做某事_ doing sth.20 忙于做某事_ doing sth.21 某事值得做sth._ doing 22 不能忍受做某事 _ doing sth.put offcarry onkeep onin
17、sist onbe busybe worthcant stand(4)接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语动词也必须注意，常见的有8组，请根据汉语意思，用规范工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢记：汉语意思英文搭配汉语意思英文搭配1 停止做某事_ doing sth.停下来去做某事_ to do sth.2 试着做某事_ doing sth.努力做某事_ to do sth.3 意味着做某事_ doing sth.打算做某事_ to do sth.4 忘记做过某事_ doing sth.忘记做某事_ to do sth.stopstoptrytrymeanmeanforgetforget汉语意思英
18、文搭配汉语意思英文搭配5 记得做过某事_ doing sth.记得要做某事_ to do sth.6 后悔做过某事_ doing sth.遗憾地做某事_ to do sth.7 继续做(同一事)_ doing sth.接着做(另一事)_ to do sth.8 情不自禁做 某 事_ doing sth.不能帮助做 某 事_ to do sth.rememberrememberregretregretgo ongo oncant helpcant help3.作定语要根据与逻辑主语的关系，是主动关系用现在分词(如真题再练第2题)，是被动关系就用过去分词(如真题再练第1、3题)。若是表示未来的情况
19、(发生在谓语动词之后)或表示“有要”用动词不定式，在最高级或“序数词(+名词)”后或在ability,chance,way等抽象名词后作定语也要用不定式。如：I borrowed some books _(read)during my holiday.解析：因“阅读”在“借书”之后，即表示未来，故用不定式作定语，填to read。to read He told me that he had a composition _(write).解析：“有一篇作文要写”，即“有要”表示未来，故用不定式作定语，填to write。to writeJack,a hard-working student,is
20、 always the first _(come)to school and the last to leave.解析：序数词后用不定式作定语，故填to come。to come Tu Youyou,an 84-year-old female scientist,became the first Chinese citizen _(win)a Nobel Prize in science on Oct.5,2015.解析：在“序数词+名词”后用不定式作定语，故填to win。to win Happiness is the ability _(make)the most of what we h
21、ave.解析：在抽象名词ability后，表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式作定语，故填to make。If I were you,I should seize the chance _(practise)speaking English.解析：在抽象名词chance后，表示“做某事的机会”，用不定式作定语，故填to practise。to maketo practise We found a way _(solve)this problem.解析：在抽象名词way后，表示“做某事的方法”，用不定式作定语，故填to solve。to solve4.作状语(1)在形容词后作状语用不定式。如 真题再练
22、第5题(cold enough to do sth.)。又如:She wished that he was as easy _(please)as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume.(2009广东卷)解析：因句中已有谓语was easy(系动词加表语构成谓语)，动词please(使高兴)应为非谓语动词；在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式，故填to please。to please(2)作目的状语也只能用不定式。如：Since the plants took a while to grow,he started cutting do
23、wn trees _(sell)the wood.(2015广东卷)解析：因句中已有谓语started，而sell前没有并列连词，所以sell为非谓语动词；又因“卖木料”是“砍树”的目的，故用不定式to sell。to sell(3)作伴随状语要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)。如：Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day,_(wear)sunglasses.(2012广东卷)解析：因句中已有谓语动词appeared，动词wear前又没
24、有并列连词，所以wear应是非谓语动词；又因he与wear是主动关系，故用现在分词wearing作状语，表示伴随情况。wearing _(satisfy)with what he did,the teacher praised him in class.解析：因satisfy(使满意)与the teacher在逻辑上有动宾关系，即the teacher与satisfy是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示原因，填Satisfied。句意：由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。Satisfied _(tell)that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried
25、 home quickly.解析：因tell与Li Lei在逻辑上有动宾关系，即Li Lei与tell是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示时间，填Told。句意：当李蕾得知母亲生病了时，马上赶回了家。Told5.作补语(1)要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)。如：I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man _(sit)at the front.(2011广东卷)解析：因句中已有谓语动词noticed，且sit前没有并列连词，因此，sit是非谓语动词；a man与sit
26、是主动关系，故用现在分词，填sitting。也可由固定句式notice sb.doing/do sth.(注意到某人在做/做了某事)可知，填sitting或sit，但根据语境，可知作者“注意到”时，那个人“正坐在”作者前面，故填sitting更准确、更生动。sitting这类句型还有：see/watch/observe/hear sb.doing sth.看见/观看/观察到/听到某人正在做某事see/watch/observe/hear sb.do sth.看见/观看/观察到/听到某人做某事(全过程)find/feel/catch sb.doing sth.发现/感觉/撞见某人在做某事let/
27、make/have sb.do sth.让/使某人做某事While she was getting me _(settle)into a tiny but clean room,the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car(2007广东卷)解析：因句中已有谓语was getting，所以settle应为非谓语动词；又由settle sb.into/in/on(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词作宾补，故填settled。另外，过去分词作宾补的固定搭配还有make oneself heard/
28、understood(使自己的话被人听到/理解)等。settled(2)用不定式作宾补的固定搭配很多，但最可能考的且在写作中很可能会用到的有以下22个，请用规范工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢记：汉语意思英文搭配1 请求某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.2 恳求某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.3 邀请某人干某事 _ sb.to do sth.4 叫某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.5 提醒某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.6 鼓励某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.7 激励某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.8 敦促某人做某事 _ sb.to do st
29、h.askbeginvitetellremindencourageinspireurge汉语意思英文搭配9要求某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.10 建议某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.11 说服某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.12 指派某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.13 导致某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.14 强迫某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.15 答应某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.16 警告某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.require/requestadviseconvince/persuadeappo
30、intcauseforcepromisewarn汉语意思英文搭配17 允许某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.18 禁止某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.19 希望某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.20 想要某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.21 建议某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.22 说服某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.would like/wantwait forallow/permitforbid/prohibitwish/desire/expectcall on 6.情感类动词的分词形容词作形容词用的情感类ing分词(令人的)与ed分词(感到的)
31、的差别。如真题再练第7和9题。这类词中最可能考的有25对，请用规范工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢记：见书P1147.固定句式中的非谓语动词汉语意思英文搭配1感谢某人做了某事 _ sb._ doing sth.2表扬某人做了某事 _ sb._ doing sth.3责备某人做了某事 _ sb._ doing sth.4责骂某人做了某事 _ sb._ doing sth.5处罚某人做了某事 _ sb._ doing sth.thankpraiseblamescoldpunishforforforforfor汉语意思英文搭配6感谢某人做了某事_ sb._ doing sth.7最好做某事_8何不做呢？
32、_9怎么样？_10 一般说来_11 根据来看_forhad better do sth.Why not do sth.?How/What about doing sth.?generally speakingjudging fromexcuse/forgive 汉语意思英文搭配12(情况)更糟糕的是_13 阻止某人做某事 _ sb._ doing sth.14 在做某事方面花费时间或金钱_time or money(in)doing sth.15 在做某事方面浪费时间或金钱_ time or money(in)doing sth.16 在做某事方面有困难_ some difficulty/tr
33、ouble(in)doing sth.to make/matters things worseprevent/stop/keepfromspend waste have 8.其他：作形容词的特殊分词(gone离去的，已去的，丢失的；missing不见的)。如真题再练第12题。考点练透在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式，并说明理由。1.I am writing this letter _(invite)you to come with us.此处动词不定式作目的状语。to invite2.There will be many wonderful performances _(present)b
34、y the teachers and the students in our school.因句中已有谓语动词will be,所以present 此处应为非谓语动词，又因performances 与present 是被动关系，加之有by的提示，可知用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填presented。presented3.I felt quite _(excite)after hearing the _(excite)news.第一空是指“人”感到兴奋的，故用excited,第二空是指令人兴奋的消息，修饰的是物，故用exciting。4.We are eagerly looking forward
35、 to _(receive)your reply and your decision.此处的to 是介词,故用动名词构成介宾结构。receivingexcitedexciting5.I am extremely _(delight)to learn that you want a part-time editor.此处用形容词作表语，因为是“人”感到高兴的，故用delighted。6.I am confronted with many problems in English study and especially I have trouble _(master)the grammatical
36、 rules.此处固定搭配have trouble(in)doing sth.表示做某事有困难。masteringdelighted7._(play)football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.此处缺主语，故用动名词短语Playing football 作主语。8.Whats worse,I find it quite hard _(take)notes in classes because I cant follow the
37、teachers words.句中it 是形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。Playingto take9._(see)a car running towards her,I reached my hand out and pulled her back.句中已有谓语动词reached,所以see应该用非谓语形式，且see 与逻辑主语I 是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。10.The lecture,_(start)at 7:00 p.m.last night,was given by a famous professor.句中已有谓语动词was given,所以start此处应该用非谓语形
38、式，且与lecture是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。Seeingstarting11.Last week,I took part in an English speech contest _(hold)in our school.因句中已有谓语动词,所以hold此处应为非谓语动词,又因English speech contest 与hold 是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。12.Although I spent a lot of time _(learn)English,I did not make great progress.短语spenddoing sth.属于固定搭配
39、。heldlearning13.Recently,we students planned _(go)to the nursing home _(learn)more about the old there.第一空plan后接动词不定式作宾语，第二空用动词不定式作目的状语。14.Tu Youyou is the first Chinese woman _(win)the Nobel Prize in medicine.当the first,the second,the last,the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰代词，它们或它们所修饰的代词后，也常用不定式作定语。to goto l
40、earnto win15.I want to live in the country because the air there is so fresh _(breathe).在作表语或补语的形容词后，只能用不定式作状语，故填to breathe。16.On the other hand,I will help set up the English corner,_(provide)us students a platform to practise our oral English.句子中已有谓语动词set up,故应该用非谓语形式，且provide与逻辑主语是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作
41、状语。providingto breathe17.My cousin came to see me from the country,_(bring)me a full basket of fresh fruits.句中已有谓语动词came,且bring与句子主语my cousin在逻辑上存在主动关系,所以用现在分词bringing作伴随状语。18._(bring)up the family,my father works day and night.此处表示“为了抚养家庭”，因此用动词不定式作目的状语。bringingTo bring19._(found)in the early 20th
42、century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.句中的主语是the school,已有谓语动词,所以此处用非谓语动词，“成立”的逻辑主语就是学校，他们之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词。20.In the library,we often see many students _(read)attentively in the reading room.固定搭配 see sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事，故用reading作宾语补足语。Foundedreading21.The students are looki
43、ng forward to having an opportunity _(explore)society of real-life experience.本题中，动词不定式作opportunity的后置定语。可以直接记住搭配：have an opportunity to do sth.(有做的机会)。to explore22._(work)out the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russell several times.本题考查的是不定式作目的状语的用法。23.So angry did he get that h
44、e left without _(say)any word.介词后作宾语用动名词。sayingTo work24._(criticize)for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.因为句中已有谓语动词was,且criticize与Alice是动宾(被动)关系,故用过去分词作状语表被动、完成。Criticized25._(face)with so many problems,I sincerely hope that you can give me some suggestions on h
45、ow to solve them.短语face with常用被动语态：使面对(问题、不愉快局面等),使面临。如：You are faced with a choice.你面临抉择。Faced26.While waiting for the opportunity to get _(promote),Henry did his best to perform his duty.本题考查的是非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”，如get burnt被烫伤，get paid获得报酬；本句中的get promoted获得提拔。promoted27.I cant stand _(work)with
46、Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.第一空因为短语cant stand 后需接动名词作宾语，故用working;第二空refuse 后需接动词不定式作宾语，故用to stop。workingto stop28._(approach)the city center,we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.approach与主句的主语we之间为主动关系，故用现在分词表示正在进行或主动。29.I would like _(make)
47、some suggestions on how to get along well with others.固定搭配would like 后接动词不定式作宾语。Approachingto make30.Tom called me just now,_(say)that he would come to see me next week.句中已有谓语动词called,say应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语Tom是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。saying31.I regret _(tell)you that I cant take part in your party next Sund
48、ay because I have to attend a meeting then.短语regret to do sth.表示遗憾/抱歉做某事(事情还没有做)。32.I am short of money now and I regret _(spend)so much money buying so many unwanted things last week.短语regret doing sth.表示后悔/抱歉做了某事(事情已做)。to tellspending33.I sincerely hope that immediate measures should be taken to p
49、revent such a terrible thing _(happen)again.短语prevent sth./sb.(from)doing sth.预防/阻止某事/某人做某事。34.Police are combing the woods for the _(miss)children.此处missing作形容词用，表示“不见了的”。happeningmissing35.I am very sorry to have caused you so much inconvenience and I am the one _(blame).作the one的定语。blame一词常用主动形式。
50、如：It is Tom that is to blame.to blame36.The“Foreign Cultures”in our newspaper is very popular among us students,which carries articles _(write)by foreign friends about the cultures of their own countries.定语从句中已有谓语动词，所以write 应该用非谓语形式，且与articles是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。written37.The people _(live)in crowde
51、d cities are more likely to feel anxious and depressed.句中的谓语动词是are,所以应该用非谓语形式，且与people 是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。38.My spoken English is still very poor,though it has taken me a lot of time _(practise)speaking English.it takes some time to do sth.句型中用不定式作真正的主语。to practiceliving39.Many of them will have di
52、ed because they were so badly _(injure).作表语用形容词，故用injured表示“受伤了的”。40.Here is some useful advice for you _(follow).此处作定语，修饰advice。injuredto follow41.You should continue _(learn)as long as you live.continue 后接动词不定式作宾语。42.His _(come)made everyone excited.作主语用动名词形式。to learncoming43.She reached the top o
53、f the hill and stopped _(rest)on a big rock by the side of the path.由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应用“stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事”。44.It is known to all that smoking is bad for health,so I advise my father to stop _(smoke).由题意可知是建议爸爸停止吸烟，因此用stop doing sth.表示停止正在做的事情。to restsmoking45.Jenny found a walle
54、t _(lie)on the ground.句中已有谓语动词found，故lie为非谓语动词；且与逻辑主语wallet存在主动关系，故用现在分词短语作宾语补足语。46.Its no use _(complain)without taking action.固定句式 its no use doing sth.表示“做某事没有用”。complaininglying47.Its quite hot today.Do you feel like _(go)for a swim?固定搭配feel like doing sth.（喜欢做某事）。48.Anxiously,she took the dress
55、 out of the package and tried it on,only _(find)it didnt fit.only to do sth.经常作结果状语。goingto find49.We all felt _(astonish)when we saw the _(amaze)views.第一空作表语故用形容词，且是“人”感到震惊，故用过去分词形式；第二空amaze 修饰view，是修饰物，表示令人惊讶的，故用现在分词形式。50.After _(learn)the basics of the subject,nothing else seemed very practical t
56、o me.因为介词后接动名词作宾语。learningastonishedamazing51.(2013广东卷)but everyone added a little,always _(think)that it was only small and not very important,and look where we have ended up today.因主句中已有谓语动词added，而added与think之间又没有连词，故think应为非谓语动词；everyone与think是主动关系，故用现在分词短语thinking作added的伴随状语。thinking52.(2012广东卷)
57、For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt _(please),because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her 在系动词felt后作表语，用分词形容词，表示“感到高兴的”，用-ed形式。pleased53.(2010广东卷)He spit it out,_(say)it was awful.因句中已有谓语动词spit了，而say前又没有并列连词，所以say应为非谓语动词；又因he与say是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语，填saying。saying54.(2008广东卷)For example,the proverb,“plucking up a crop _(help)it grow”,is based on the following story.因“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拔高(plucking up a crop)”的目的，作目的状语，通常只能用动词不定式，故填to help。另外，“plucking up a crop to help it grow”是动名词短语，作主语“the proverb”的同位语。to helpTHANK YOU!