1、UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGESectionCUsingLanguage()课后篇巩固提升基础夯实.单句拼写1.We were only able to make a (粗略的) estimate of how much fuel would be required.答案rough2.I am a traveler and a (领航员),and every day I discover a new region within my soul.答案navigator3.Lu Xun was (忠诚的) to the people,bending his back to the
2、 task until his dying day.答案loyal4.The drivers of (发动机) vehicles should pay greater attention to the safety of the pedestrians.答案motor5.Her name has been mentioned as a favoured leadership (候选人).答案candidate.短语填空at times,be experienced in,consist of,arrange for,be suitable for,so as to1.The account i
3、nformation two parts:network and local system.答案consists of2.Weve you to visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art.答案arranged for3.The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted by rain.答案at times4.How can teachers improve their teaching encourage creativity?答案so as to5.He is very serious about hi
4、s work and he this field.答案is experienced in6.The course beginners as well as advanced students.答案is suitable for.完成句子1.You know,I (一直在寻找) a job for three months,and this is my first formal interview.答案have been looking for2.The little boy is dirty all over because he (一直在玩) in the mud all the morni
5、ng.答案has been playing3.Im sure Andrew will win first prize in the final.I think so.He (一直在做准备) it for months.答案has been preparing for4.I have got a headache.No wonder you (一直坐在) in front of that computer too long.答案has been sitting5.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine
6、 School,where she (一直在学习) English for a year.答案has been studying素养提升.完形填空主题语境:人与自我语篇类型:夹叙夹议难度:Every day I take a walk along the road near my house.A few weeks ago I happened to 1 a nickel (镍币) on the road.I stepped on the 2 and kept walking.After a while I started thinking of my daughter who 3 stopp
7、ed to pick up loose change.If she saw the nickel,she wouldnt 4 it.I wanted to go back for it,but I thought it would be 5 if someone saw me picking up a nickel.Later that day I told my daughter about the 6.She didnt say,“Dont worry about it.It is only a nickel.”7 she said,“I would have picked it up.W
8、hen added up,they became something important.” She had forever taken advantage of 8 small opportunities.Deep into the night,I was wondering that it didnt take long for me to change my 9from that nickel to those small opportunities that I had stepped on 10 passed by.How many opportunities had I lost
9、because I thought they were not important?The next morning I walked along the11 road.I was determined to pick up that nickel if I saw it again.But it was 12.Someone else usually takes advantage of the opportunities that others 13 to pass by.When we decided to take advantage of them,the opportunities
10、 were no longer there.Since the day I walked past that nickel,I have paid much attention to small opportunities around me.I began to understand that a small opportunity can serve as the 14 of something bigger.What a great life 15!And it only cost me a nickel.【语篇解读】人生充满机会,当机会来临时,无论它是多么微小,我们都要不失时机地把握它
11、。只有懂得把握机会,我们将来才有可能成就大业。1.A.collectedB.noticedC.threwD.spent答案B解析根据语境可知,这里要表达的意思是:作者无意中发现(noticed)地面上有一枚镍币。2.A.streetB.floorC.pathD.coin答案D解析根据前文的“anickel”语义提示可知,这里是说作者踏在这枚硬币(coin)上。3.A.alwaysB.hardlyC.seldomD.sometimes答案A解析根据第二段作者女儿所说的“Iwouldhavepickeditup.Whenaddedup,theybecamesomethingimportant.”可
12、知,她见到硬币总会(always)捡起来。4.A.wantB.valueC.ignoreD.recognize答案C解析根据前一句所述可知,作者女儿总是停下来捡起镍币,运用逻辑推断可知,如果她见到这样一枚镍币,一定不会忽视(ignore)。5.A.impossibleB.shamingC.pitifulD.useless答案B解析根据常识判断可知,作者认为自己回去捡那枚镍币(价钱不高),如果被别人看见了,一定会很尴尬或难为情(shaming)。6.A.timeB.walkingC.nickelD.event答案C解析根据上下文的内容以及作者女儿所说的“Dontworryaboutit”中的“i
13、t”提示可知,选C项。7.A.InsteadB.StillC.AlthoughD.Therefore答案A解析根据上下文内容可知,这里是说作者女儿没有安慰他,反而(Instead)是说了后面的话。8.A.usuallyB.extremelyC.seeminglyD.sadly答案C解析根据上文以及句意的理解可知,她永远利用看似(seemingly)微小的机会。9.A.thoughtsB.plansC.actionsD.attitudes答案A解析根据第一段的“Istartedthinkingof.”和“Ithoughtitwouldbe.”,并结合上下文可知,作者听过他女儿的一番话后改变了想法
14、(thoughts)。10.A.forB.butC.orD.and答案C解析根据上下文的语境可知,这里的“steppedon”和“passedby”是表示选择的并列关系,所以选C项。11.A.crowdedB.wideC.familiarD.same答案D解析文章第一句说到作者每天都在其家附近的路上走一下,所以这里是说他走着同一(same)条路。12.A.brokenB.goneC.dirtyD.seized答案B解析根据前一句说到作者再见到那枚镍币的话,会把它捡起来,结合这里的表示转折关系的but可知,它已经不见了(gone)。13.A.refuseB.arrangeC.chooseD.de
15、cide答案C解析根据上下文的内容可知,人们这样做是各自的选择(choose)或决定。14.A.causeB.beginningC.effectD.chance答案B解析根据第二段作者女儿所说的“Whenaddedup,theybecamesomethingimportant.”,并结合本句句意:我开始明白微小的机会都能成为大事的开端(beginning)。15.A.experienceB.skillC.lessonD.quality答案C解析根据上下的语境可知,作者经过这件事后,得到的是人生的教训(lesson)。.语法填空主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文难度:(2019全国)The po
16、lar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much o
17、f the range has been 2 (poor) studied;however,biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some I
18、nuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8
19、(high) than they actually are.Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six 10 (be) stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于居住范围广,监测费用高等因素,北极熊的数量难以准确估算,生物学家们对此持谨慎乐观的态度。1.that考查连接词。该空前后均为句子,且空格后面的句子是对空格前面的名词evidence的内容的解释说明,由此判断该空为同位语
20、从句的引导词,表示陈述语气,故填that。2.poorly考查副词。该空前后部分均为谓语成分hasbeenstudied,用副词修饰谓语部分,故填poorly。3.of/for考查介词。该空前面为名词methods,后面为动词-ing形式tracking,故应填介词。用of表示所属关系,也可填介词for。4.toperform考查非谓语动词。该空所在分句已有谓语动词are,故应填动词的非谓语形式。根据“be+adj.+todo”结构可知,应填toperform。5.havereported考查动词的时态。本句的时间状语为inrecentyears,是现在完成时的标志。根据语境,主语Inuitp
21、eople与report之间为主动关系,且people为复数形式,故填havereported。6.belief考查名词。该空前面有冠词a,应填名词,故填belief。7.noting考查非谓语动词。该空前面为介词by,应填动词-ing形式,且scientists与note之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填noting。8.higher考查形容词的比较级。该空后面有than,应填形容词的比较级形式,故填higher。9.the考查冠词。该空后面为名词短语,根据语境及空格前的of可知存在限定范围,故填the。10.are考查主谓一致。根据并列谓语动词时态和语态一致原则,此处采用一般现在时和主动语态。故
22、填are。.概要写作阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。GreatAdventurerstoMountQomolangmaEdmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay made the impossible possible.They have been on top of the world.They climbed Mount Qomolangma!Tenzing Norgay is among the worlds famous mountain climbers;he was one of the first two individuals wh
23、o reached the summit of Mount Qomolangma with Sir Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953.In 1935,he got an opportunity to join in the Mount Qomolangma expedition.He was employed by Eric Shipton.In 1953 he took part in the seventh expedition to Mount Qomolangma.A member of the team,Edmund Hillary was also the
24、re.This expedition took 400 people,of which 362 were porters.The expedition set up base camp in March,1953.Working slowly it set up its final camp at the South Col at 7,890m.On May 26 Bourdillon and Evans attempted the climb but turned back when Evans oxygen system failed.The pair had reached the So
25、uth Summit,coming within 91m of the summit.Hunt then directed Norgay and Hillary to go for the summit.Snow and wind held the pair up at the South Col for two days.They set out on May 28 with a support trio of Alfred Gregory,Ang Nyima and a member called Lowe.The two pitched a tent at 8,500m on May 2
26、8 while their support group returned down the mountain.On the following morning Hillary discovered that his boots had frozen solid outside the tent.He spent two hours warming them before he and Norgay attempted the final ascent wearing 14kg packs.They finally reached the summit but only spent fiftee
27、n minutes there.Hillary took the famous photo of Norgay posing with his ice-axe,but since Norgay had never used a camera,Hillarys ascent went unrecorded.Additional photos were taken looking down the mountain in order to reassure that they had made it to the top and that the ascent was not faked.The
28、two had to take care on the descent after discovering that drifting snow had covered their tracks,complicating the task of retracing their steps.The first person they met was Lowe,who had climbed up to meet them with hot soup.Then they climbed on down the mountain.After a lot of struggles they stood
29、 on the top of Mount Qomolangma.They have been on top of the world!参考范文The story is about two climbers who succeeded in reaching the top of Mount Qomolangma for the first time.(要点1)In 1953,Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay joined in the expedition to Mount Qomolangma.(要点2)After another two climbers failed,they helped Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary go for the summit.(要点3)After struggling hard,Hillary and Norgay succeeded on May 29,1953.(要点4)