1、Unit 3Under the sea第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分35分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AScientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents(洋流). Most do it using satellites and other hightech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special wayby studyin
2、g movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting u
3、p swap_meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoesabout 60,000 in totalfell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they did
4、nt. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.The Pacific Northwest is one of the worlds best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻) because winds and
5、 currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1,600 shoes. With this data, he and a colle
6、ague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an
7、 association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.()1.The underlined phrase “swap meets” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_.Afitting roomsBtrading fairsCbusiness talksDg
8、roup meetings()2.Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out_.Awhat caused the shipping accidentBwhen and where the shoes went missingCwhether it was all right to use their shoesDhow much they lost in the shipping accident()3.How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption?ABy collecting information from
9、 beachcombers.BBy studying the shoes found by beachcombers.CBy searching the Web for ocean currents models.DBy researching ocean currents data in the library.()4.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?ATo call peoples attention to ocean pollution.BTo warn people of shipping safety
10、 in the ocean.CTo explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.DTo give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.本篇为科普说明文。很多科学家采用各种方法研究洋流，但是你听说过通过研究运动鞋来研究洋流的吗？让我们走进一位海洋专家的世界，看看他是怎么研究洋流的吧。1B词义理解题。由画线词后的“to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear”可以知道，人们在这里建起了买卖鞋子的交易市场，因此是trad
11、ing fairs。2C细节理解题。由第二段中“He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back.”可以知道，他打电话问他们是否想把鞋子收回，显然是想打听是否能用他们的鞋子做实验。3A细节理解题。由第三段中“and asked for their help in collecting information”可以知道，他从海滩搜寻者那里获得信息，以印证自己的推测。4C写作目的题。通读全文可知，作者向我们讲述了一位海洋专家把在船运事故中漂流到海滩的数万只鞋子拿来研究洋流，目的是向我们介绍一种独特的研究方式。BI
12、began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunts house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America.We were on the bus then.I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me.I remember that I could not bear the thought of
13、 never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.I do not remember myself crying for this reason again.In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives.When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was goin
14、g to seethe strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures.The country I was leaving and never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism(乐观), but the idea did not come to me at once.For the first two years in New Yo
15、rk I was really losthaving to study in three schools as a result of family moves.I did not quite know what I was or what I should be.Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me.Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other.I was often sad, and saw no end to “the
16、 hard times”My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home.I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers(移民局官员), took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bil
17、ls with company representatives.From my experiences I have learned one important rule：Almost all common troubles go away at last! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be
18、 that easy.()5.How did the author get to know America?AFrom radio programs.BFrom books and pictures.CFrom her mother.DFrom her relatives.()6.Upon leaving for America the author felt_.AexcitedBconfusedCworriedDamazed()7.For the first two years in New York，the author_.Aoften lost her wayBdid not think
19、 about her futureCstudied in three different schoolsDgot on well with her stepfather本文叙述的是作者搬到美国之后，生活的磨砺让作者从一个悲观失望的人变成了一个积极乐观的人。5B细节理解题。根据第二段中“When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to seethe strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures.”可知，在她去美国之前她是从书
20、本和图片里了解美国的，故答案为B。6A推理判断题。根据第二段后两句“I thought about all the places I was going to seethe strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures.The country I was leaving and never to come back was hardly in my head then.”可知，作者离开的时候感受到的不是困惑和担忧，而是兴奋。故选A。7C细节理解题。根据第三段中“For the first two year
21、s in New York I was really losthaving to study in three schools as a result of family moves.”可知，作者前两年在三个不同的学校学习。故选C。CClimbing wall was once practiced by rock climbers between mountains.Now all kinds of people use them as an alternative to a gym，many with no intention of climbing outdoors.Statistics
22、show that indoor climbing will replace its traditional outdoor counterpart(对应物)as the countrys most popular mountain activity in 6 to 12 months.The sport has been on a rise since 2005.Next year the IOC will decide whether“sports climbing”will enter the Olympics in 2020.“Indoor climbing is the safest
23、 way to do what people think to be an extreme sport，in a relatively pleasant environment，”explains Rob Adie，the climbing walls officer for the British Mountaineering Council.“Its a social experience，rather than just being stuck on a treadmill(跑步机)”Katy Briers, 23, who has been climbing for the past
24、year，agrees，“Its a combination of brainwork and a physical workout.Its also really open and lovely.”As Adie explains，women often make better climbers：“In a way women take to it more easily，they have better natural balance.Men tend to muscle through with the strength that they have.If you went to a c
25、limbing wall 10 or 20 years ago，it would be male dominated，but as a sport it can be easily reached by women.”The_Biscuit_Factory gets up to 20 new climbers through the door each day，but it is just one of the 10 to 15 new public climbing walls that open in the UK each year.Chris Parker，the project ma
26、nager of a climbing wall construction company，says private walls are also adding to the growth of the sport.()8.Climbing wall is now used by many people to _.Apractice for climbing rocksBdo more social activitiesCintend to climb outdoorsDexercise their bodies as in gyms()9.What does the second parag
27、raph mainly talk about?AThe bright future of indoor climbing.BThe traditional outdoor climbing.CThe sport and the Olympics in 2020.DThe development of indoor climbing.()10.The underlined phrase probably refers to _.Aan organizationBa factoryCa companyDa sports club数据显示，室内攀岩将会超越传统的室外攀岩，继而成为英国最受欢迎的运动。
28、很可能，室内攀岩会成为2020年奥运会比赛的项目。8D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，室内的攀岩运动将会逐渐取代健身房运动。由此可见，越来越多的人会选择室内攀岩来代替健身房健身。9A主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，室内攀岩将会取代传统的室外攀岩，而且该运动越来越受欢迎，并有望加入2020年的奥林匹克运动会。由此可见，本段主要讲述了室内攀岩的前景，故A项正确。10D推理判断题。结合本段内容可知，每天早上开门就有大概20位新的攀岩者进来，而且这只是新开的公共攀岩俱乐部之一。由此可推知，“The Biscuit Factory”应该是一家提供室内攀岩的“运动俱乐部”。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，
29、满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While it is impossible to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it cant be avoided.The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal with stress.
30、Try physical activityWhen you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activity.Running, walking, playing tennis, or working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try._11_ Your body and your mind will work together to ease the stress in
31、your life.Share your stressIt helps to talk to someone about your anxieties and worries.Perhaps a friend, family member, teacher or even your leader can help you get a better view of whats troubling you.If you feel your problem is serious, you might seek professional help from a psychologist or a do
32、ctor. _12_Take care of yourselfYou should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest.If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or if youre not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations.If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you sho
33、uld consult a doctor.Make time for yourselfSchedule time for both work and entertainment.Dont forget, play can be just as important to you overall wellbeing as work.You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun.Go windowshopping or work on a hobby. _13_Make a list of the things
34、 you need to doStress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “theres so much to do, and not enough time”Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything.Instead, make a list of everything you have to do，then do one thing at a
35、 time, checking off each task as it is completed._14_Go ahead and cry_15_ It might even help you avoid a headache or other physical effects of anxiety and stress.ADo what you want to do.BAllow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.CPhysical exercise will relieve your anxie
36、ty and worry and help you to relax.DKnowing who to ask for help is an important step in avoiding serious problems later.ESet out to do the most important tasks first.FA good cry can be a healthy way to bring relief to your anxiety.GLaugh when you want to.【答案】1115CDBEF第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20
37、小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was twelve years old，my family were the first black people to move into an allwhite part of Grand Rapids，Michigan.Many of our new _16_ werent very welcoming.Some of the adults said _17_ that we should return where we came from.The _
38、18_ sometimes threw stones at me or drove me home from _19_.Most of my teachers _20_ took no notice of me，but not Dorothy Bean，my history teacher.Miss Bean was angry at how badly I was being _21_，but she didnt say this to me.Miss Bean showed her _22_ for me by teaching me just like _23_ else.Instead
39、 of being unnoticed，I was given a _24_ to show that I was smart.Miss Bean was the first teacher who ever made me _25_ myself.She insisted on knowing what I thought about difficult questions.Was Thomas Jefferson _26_ to buy Louisiana from France？Why？She _27_ me to have an opinion and to be able to _2
40、8_ it up.Miss Bean taught me that thinking for yourself was the real key to _29_.One day，when I was not paying attention in class，Miss Bean suddenly _30_ an eraser at me.Unbelievably，the eraser hit me right on the hand and _31_ my pencil flying.The whole class was _32_ at first，and then started laug
41、hing.This incident became famous in this school and，_33_ it happened to me，the students wanted to get to _34_ me.So thats the story of how Dorothy Bean made me her target，and how I became just another _35_ in school.()16.A.friendsBrelativesCfellowsDneighbours()17.A.kindlyBpitifullyCangrilyDanxiously
42、()18.A.seniorsBchildrenCenemiesDelders()19.A.schoolBstreetCofficeDdowntown()20.A.easilyBsimplyCspeciallyDhappily()21.A.taughtBconsideredCwelcomedDtreated()22.A.wishBhonourCrespectDgift()23.A.anyoneBno oneCsomeoneDnone()24.A.questionBchanceCtestDplace()25.A.worry aboutBlook aboutCwork forDthink for()
43、26.A.necessaryBprobableCrightDfamous()27.A.supportedBdevelopedCpracticedDexpected()28.A.backBsetCputDgive()29.A.respectBeducationCfriendshipDpower()30.A.aimedBthrewCpassedDseized()31.A.sentBfoundCmadeDknocked()32.A.excitedBfrightenedCworriedDshocked()33.A.whenBonceCbecauseDwhether()34.A.askBknowCpun
44、ishDadmire()35.A.kidBproblemCteacherDexample作者讲述了在他十二岁时，在黑人不被善待的环境下，历史老师Miss Bean 是如何关注他的经历。16D此处应该是指新的“邻居”，因此答案选neighbours，而不是fellows“伙伴”。friends，relatives也不符合情理。17C由“werent very welcoming”以及“we should return where we came from”可知，邻居们对“我们”很不友好，因此答案选C。18B从第一段中“I was twelve years old”以及下文内容可推知，向“我”扔石
45、头的应该是“孩子”，所以答案选B。19A由“drove me home”以及下文内容可知，他们把“我”从学校赶回家，因此答案选A。20B依据下文内容可知，Miss Bean对“我”很好，而其他大多数老师都不理会“我”，故答案选B。其他三个选项与take no notice of连用时，不符合语境。21D联系上文可知，此处指Miss Bean对别人如此恶劣地对待“我”感到很生气，因此答案选D。22C从下文“Instead of being unnoticed，I was given”可推知，Miss Bean对“我”表示尊重，因此答案选C。23A此处是指Miss Bean像教其他任何人一样教“我
46、”，所以答案选A。24B从“to show that I was smart”可知，此处应该是指老师给“我”一个机会，因此答案选B，而不是question“问题”，test“测试”，place“位置”。25D由下句“She insisted on knowing what I thought about difficult questions.”可推断，此处表示Miss Bean让“我”独立思考，因此答案选D。下文中“thinking for yourself”也有暗示。26C结合全文语境及历史知识可知，此处指托马斯杰斐逊从法国人手里购买路易斯安那地区的做法是否正确，故答案选C。27D依据语境
47、，Miss Bean鼓励“我”独立思考的目的是期望(expected)“我”有自己的观点，所以答案选D。28A根据语境，这里表示“能够支持自己的观点”，故答案选A，back up“支持，有助于”。而不是set up“建立”；put up“举起”；give up“放弃”。29B联系上下文内容可知，此处表示“独立思考是教育的关键”，所以答案选B。30B由下文“the eraser hit me right on the hand”可推知，这里表示Miss Bean把一个黑板擦朝“我”扔过来，故答案为B。31A表示某物处于某种状态，应用“send sth.doing”，因此答案选A。考生易误选C，但
48、make的主语通常是人。32D由“and then started laughing”可推知，学生对老师的举动一开始感到非常吃惊(shocked)，而不是excited“兴奋的”，frightened“害怕的”，worried“担心的”。因此答案选D。33C前后句存在因果关系，因此答案选C。34B既然“This incident became famous”以及“it happened to me”，所以学生开始认识“我”，故答案选B。35A依据上下文内容可知，此处是指“我”是如何成为学校里与以前不同的学生，因此答案选A，也与前文“I was twelve years old”相照应。第二节(
49、共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I seldom thought I had a passion. I would sit before the TV all day, thinking about nothing but the next show. It was not long ago that I first learned how important 36._(have) a passion is to life.One day I went with Mum 37._(drop) my sister off
50、at the gym. Then, as Mum stopped at a red light, someone on the roadside caught my eyes. It was a man 38._(dress) in rags, homeless. That didnt interest me, for I 39._(see) many like him before.But the man wasnt sitting down with a sad 40._(express). He had a radio in his hand and was dancing 41._(m
51、erry) to the music. The radio seemed to be the most precious thing 42._he had.“Mum, why does that man have a radio even though he is homeless？” I asked.“He bought 43._，”she replied.“But if he is homeless, why doesnt he use the money to buy food or clothes? He wasted it on something he doesnt need.”“
52、Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes arent the only important things. We need happiness, too.”“I see.” The man 44._care too much about music, so he bought a radio instead of food and clothes. I realized that happiness is the key to life. Without it, there 45._(be) nothing to look forward to. A pa
53、ssion gives a person the happiness they need to keep going!这是一篇故事。本篇短文主要通过一位衣衫褴褛、无家可归、食不果腹的男人在无钱购买衣服、食物的情况下去买来一台收音机并伴随着音乐翩翩起舞的故事及母女俩的对话，说明对生活的激情的重要性。36having空格处在句中作主语，故用动词的ing形式。37to drop这里用动词不定式作目的状语。38dressed此处在句中作定语，dress与sb.是被动关系，故填dressed。39had seen根据前句的时态以及时间状语before提示，用过去完成时。40expression在形容词后
54、应该用名词。41merrily修饰动词dance应该用副词。42. that此处为定语从句，先行词为不定代词thing，且被最高级修饰，所以用that。43it此处用it代指收音机。44must此处表示肯定推测，故用must。句意：这个人一定太在乎音乐，所以他买了一台收音机而不是食物和衣服。45isthere be句型，nothing为主语，be用is。句意：没有它，就没有什么可期待的了。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是李梅，你的好朋友Susan 前不久随父母去了美国，她写信告诉你，新的学校生活在刚开始时不容易适应，感到很孤独。请你根据以下要点用英语给她
55、写一封电子邮件。1.学好英语，从而增加和别人交流的机会；2.多交一些朋友；3.积极参加各种活动。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Susan，Yours，Li Mei【答案】Dear Susan，Im sorry to hear that you are having trouble adapting to your new school life in American， but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice.Firstly，
56、 you should work hard at English， which can give you more opportunities to communicate with others. Secondly， why not make some friends？ They can help you to know more about America. Thirdly， it would be a good idea if you take an active part in all kinds of activities， which will help to make life
57、more interesting. I hope you will find these ideas useful.Yours，Li Mei第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Sometimes people complain that getting to work in a big city is no easy matter， just like the popular saying goes， “Taking a bus is too crowded， getting a taxi is too expensive， buying a car
58、 is not practical.” It seems that traffic jams and cities go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic； however， like the weather， no one seems to do anything about it. Needless to say， traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. However， there are indee
59、d some things you can do to reduce the time you spend in traffic jams.For example， the highway is not always the fastest way to get from Point A to Point B. Research the area and check online maps to see if you can find a shorter route to work， which usually flows more smoothly during rush hour and
60、can help reduce much of your driving time. From the above you may know that alternative route is of great importance. Lets take another example. Most of the population works from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.， which means that the majority of traffic jams happen around 7 a.m.， and 6 p.m. So if you want to avoid
61、a traffic jam， talk to your manager about arriving at the office earlier and leaving earlier. If some of us and companies can do like this， the conditions of heavy traffic can be changed in a way.Finally， you can take gymnastic， dance or yoga classes after work to avoid traffic jams. Actually， there
62、 are many reasons for us to take exercises classes and to the gym， instead of shopping and entertaining friends after work. This is a clever solution that can also help people improve their health and meet others with similar interests.【答案】One possible version：People in big cities frequently meet th
63、e problem of traffic jam(要点1). The author proposes three suggestions to help us better cope with the matter(要点2). People ought to make use of online maps that are originally devised for finding a shortcut(要点3). Negotiation between companies and staff concerning working time is recommended(要点4). People are encouraged to do something beneficial like exercise to avoid the jam(要点5).13
