1、Unit 24 Society一、背单词与词块 (一)背阅读单词会认就行 (背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1inequality n不平等2household n. 一个家庭3consumer n. 消费者4currency n. 货币5bare adj. 赤裸的6leisure n. 闲暇，空闲7feast n. 盛宴，宴会8edition n. 版本9fragrant adj. 有香味的10preservation n. 维护，保存11container n. 容器12swing vi. 摇动13spiritual adj. 宗教的，教会的；精神的14merchant n.
2、商人 (二)背重点单词写对才行 1.homelessness n. 无家可归2deposit vt.& vi. 存储，储蓄3accumulate v. 积累4burden n. 重担，负担5vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的6resign vt.& vi. 辞职7choke vi. 窒息，噎住8delete vt. 删除9shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小10virtue n. 优点，长处11rot vt.& vi. 腐烂12skip vt. 跳过13cast vt. 投下14undertake vt. 着手做，从事15squeeze vt. 挤16fine n. 罚款17sente
3、nce n. 判决18abolish vt. 废除19moreover adv. 再者，此外 20furthermore adv. 此外，而且 (三)背拓展单词用准才行 1.volunteer v自愿做n.志愿者voluntary adj.自愿的2abundant adj.大量的abundance n大量3sign v签名；打手势n.招牌；迹象；符号signature n签名4govern vt.统治，管理governor n统治者，总督government n政府5resist vi.& vt.抵(反)抗，抵制resistance n反抗，抵制6adjust vt.调整，调节vi.使适应ad
4、justment n调整，调节7diverse adj.各种各样的diversity n各种各样；多样性8elect vt.选举，推选election n选举；当选；选择权9mercy n宽容，仁慈merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的10thirst n口渴thirsty adj.口渴的11rob vt.抢劫robber n抢劫犯robbery n抢劫12consequent adj.作为结果的；必然的consequently adv.所以，因此consequence n结果，后果 语境活用1Several robbers robbed the bank of an enormous su
5、m of money, making the largest robbery of this city in the last decade.(rob)2With the improvement of environment, diverse plants and animals appear in this area.And the diversity of creatures attracts more and more tourists.(diverse)3In the latest election,_Mary was elected chairwoman of the Student
6、s Union.(elect)4Im really thirsty and only ice water can quench (解渴) my thirst.(thirst)5He is the governor of the city who governs the city.And he is a candidate for central government.(govern)6Being a volunteer can benefit us a lot.So we should play an active part in voluntary activities.(voluntary
7、)7Since you have settled down in a new country, you have to make an adjustment (adjust) to the new environment.8In consequence (consequent) of your bad work, I am forced to dismiss you. (四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1abundant adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的背词条用法(1)be abundant in be rich in 富有；很丰富(2)an abundance of 丰富的，许
8、多的in abundance 大量；富裕背写作佳句(2015四川高考)The dictionary is abundant in sunny words, healthy words, happy words. 这本词典含有大量表达乐观、健康和快乐的词汇。At the feast there was an abundance of foods and drinks.Its obvious that people live in abundance. 宴会上有丰盛的食物和饮料。显然人们过着丰衣足食的生活。2burden n重担，负担 vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)背词条用法(1)a
9、 burden on/to . 是的负担bear (take on)/carry/reduce/share the burden承受/担负/减少/分担重担(2)burden sb./oneself with sth. 装载；使负担be burdened with 负重；为所累背写作佳句This phenomenon will impose a heavy burden on the family, so how to save money is becoming an important topic. 这种现象会给家庭带来沉重的负担，因此如何省钱成为一个重要的课题。There will be
10、many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that Ill take on/bear the burden. 尽管前面会有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。Nowadays senior high school students are burdened with too many expectations, which is making them less and less confident. 如今的高中学生肩负着太多期望，这使他们越来越不自信。3.resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从背词条用法resign ones job/pos
11、t/position 辞去工作/职位resign from . 从辞职resign oneself to (doing) sth. 顺从； 使自己安于(做)某事resign as . 辞去当的职务resign .to . 把托付给背写作佳句(2020新高考全国卷)Although I was sweating all over and became very tired, I didnt want to resign myself to giving up halfway. 虽然我浑身是汗并且很累，但我不想中途放弃。It is reported that more and more paren
12、ts resign their children to grandparents at home while working in the city. 据报道，越来越多的父母在去城市打工时把孩子托付给在家的爷爷奶奶。4elect vt.选举，推选；选择背词条用法(1)elect sb.to . 选举某人进入elect sb.as/to be . 选举某人为elect to do sth. 选择做某事(2)run for an election 参加竞选背写作佳句(2019全国卷)I have such a good command of English that I was once elec
13、ted as/to be the representative of receiving exchange students. 我精通英语，以至于我曾被选为接待交换生的代表。It is said that only two students will be elected to take part in the coming English Contest. 据说，只有两个学生会被选中参加即将到来的英语竞赛。5undertake vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应背词条用法undertaken./pron. 承担undertake to do . 着手做；答应做undertake that
14、. 答应undertake for . 为负责背写作佳句Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs. (胡同的)条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。He undertook to pay the money back within six months. 他保证六个月之内还钱。As a member of the society, I am aware that it is necessary to
15、 undertake for making a better society. 作为社会中的一员，我意识到为创造一个更美好的社会负责是必需的。6sentence n& vt.判决；宣判；判刑背词条用法(1)serve a sentence 服刑pass/give sentence on sb. 给某人判刑(2)sentence sb.to . 给某人判刑(常用被动语态) be sentenced to death/three years in prison被判死刑/三年有期徒刑背写作佳句The young man was sentenced to six years in prison for
16、 stealing a large sum of money. 那个年轻人因偷了一笔巨款而被判了六年有期徒刑。His brother was sentenced to death because he was accused of murder. 他的哥哥因被指控谋杀而被判处死刑。 (五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1come_into_being 形成，存在2wind_sb.up_ 故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)3show_off 炫耀，夸耀4knock_into_sb. 撞上某人；偶然遇到5break_into 闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)6on_principle 根据
17、原则7sentence_sb.to_death_ 判某人死刑8take_.seriously_ 认真对待9be_well/better_off 过得好/过得更好10above_all 最重要的是；首先11do_away_with_ 废除；摆脱，消灭12contribute_to 促进，有助于13play_an_important_role_in 在中起重要作用14to_start_with_ 首先15take_._into_account 考虑；注意，体谅16keep_an_eye_on 注意，留意17date_back 始于，追溯到18feel_like 感觉好像19on_the_decre
18、ase 减少20pick_up 拾起重点短语拓展用活1knock into sb.撞上某人背相关短语knock down/over撞倒；打倒；拆除knock at/on 敲(门、窗、墙等) knock out 撞出；敲击knock off 减价；中断，停止背写作佳句If you knock into someone, youd better say “Im sorry” 如果你撞到别人身上，你最好说句“对不起”。 He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry. 他没敲门就冲进房间，这使我
19、很生气。Yesterday afternoon, Li Ming and I went home together after school.Suddenly we saw an old lady knocked down by a car. 昨天下午，我和李明放学后一起回家。突然，我们看见一位老太太被一辆汽车撞倒了。2show off炫耀，夸耀；卖弄；显示背相关短语(1)show sb.(a)round/in/out/to 领某人参观/进来/出去/到show up 出席，露面；暴露(2)(be) on show (be) on display 在展出背写作佳句Finally, after w
20、eeks of preparation, I would show off all my hard work in the track meet. 最后，经过几周的准备，我将在田径比赛中展示我所有的努力。(2018北京高考)Firstly, I showed them around our school tea room, where they saw different kinds of tea sets. 首先，我带他们参观了我们学校的茶室，在那里他们看到了各种各样的茶具。(2019全国卷)You are definitely welcome to show up on stage, wh
21、ich will add color and fun to our festival. 热烈欢迎您登台演出，那将为我们的音乐节增添色彩和乐趣。3come into being形成，存在背相关短语come into existence开始存在，建立，产生come into effect/force 生效come into use 开始使用come into power 掌权come into sight/view 看见；进入视野come into fashion 开始流行背写作佳句(2019天津高考)As a member of our school dancing club, Im extre
22、mely dying for a brief introduction of dancing in western countries, like how it came into being and how it developed. 作为我们学校舞蹈俱乐部的一员，我非常渴望能有一个简要的西方国家舞蹈的介绍，比如它是如何产生和发展的。No one knows when such a custom first came into existence. 没有人知道这项习俗是什么时候开始存在的。Its reported that this regulation will come into eff
23、ect from September 1, 2023. 据报道，这项规定将于2023年9月1日起施行。二、背佳句与佳作 (一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1What if some married people have affairs？(what if是连词词组，意为“要是怎么办”)如果有些已婚人士有外遇呢？佳句(2018全国卷)In your last letter, you asked me what if you were a guest to a Chinese friends home.Now, I am writing to inform you of s
24、ome relevant details. 在你上一封信中，你问我如果你去一位中国朋友家做客怎么办。现在，我写信告诉你一些相关的细节。佳句What if I fail the maths exam next week？如果下周的数学考试我不及格怎么办？2They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.(make宾语宾语补足语)他们派卫兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们容易监视人们
25、的举动。佳句I remember I made it quite clear to you that I was not coming. 我记得我向你清楚表示过我不会来。佳句(2019江苏高考)If the students are dressed in the traditional Chinese dress, it may make it inconvenient for them to walk around, blocking their normal communication with the guests. 如果学生穿着中国传统的服装，这可能会使他们不方便四处走动，妨碍他们与客
26、人的正常沟通。同主题佳句熟读成诵1Recently our class had a discussion about whether we should help strangers.Different students have different opinions.最近我们班讨论了我们是否应该帮助陌生人。不同的学生有不同的观点。2Even the simplest activities can make a difference to the environment.即使是最简单的活动也能对环境产生影响。3As we all know, water is very important to
27、 man. We cant live without water.众所周知，水对人类非常重要，没有水我们便无法生存。 (二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点感谢信题目要求(2019浙江高考)假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1表示感谢； 2.回顾Alex对你的帮助； 3.临别祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 背范文Dear Alex，Hearing that you will return to your country soon, I feel a bit upset. But meanw
28、hile, I want to send my sincere gratitude for your kind help with my English learning.I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and English writing. Besides, you also frankly shared your learning experience with me. Additionally, without your help, I would not have been a t
29、op student in English and would not have won the recent English Speech Contest. All in all, words fail to express my thankfulness to you.I do hope that you will have a bright future and that our friendship will last forever!Yours，Li Hua学亮点1学谋篇布局2学亮丽开头开头先用Hearing that you will return to your country
30、soon .点明写信的背景及自己不舍之情。接着用send my sincere gratitude for your kind help点明写信的目的，感情真挚、诚恳。3学高级表达(1)使用高级语块，如：send ones sincere gratitude for, devote . to ., words fail to express等。(2)准确运用高级句式，如：现在分词作状语Hearing that you will .; what引导的宾语从句what you have devoted to .；虚拟语气without your help, I would not have bee
31、n .and would not have won .；助动词do表示强调I do hope that you will have .等。这些都为文章增色添彩，提升了文章的档次。4学精彩结尾结尾先用了一个助动词do放在谓语动词hope前特意加强了语气，表达了对朋友Alex的美好祝愿。5学过渡衔接衔接词but meanwhile, besides, additionally, all in all, and等的恰当运用，使得文章结构严谨，层层递进，读起来朗朗上口。6防微点失分考生容易把“Hearing that you will return to your country .”中的to漏掉，或
32、把“I do hope that you will have a bright future and that our friendship will last forever！”中的last误认为及物动词而错用为“be lasted”，从而导致失分。 学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识 全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1Due to the heavy rain, there were many vacant (空的) seats in the theatre this evening.2To his disappointment, his name has been deleted (删
33、除) from the list.3It is said that their government has abolished (取消) income tax for the lowpaid.4As people accumulate (积累) more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.5As we all know, being thankful is one of the most Chinese traditional virtues (美德)6Moreover (另外), even wo
34、rdless music can convey the players emotional state.7She shook her head and her earrings swung (摇动) back and forth.8The market for their products is shrinking (缩小) according to recent statistics.9.This afternoon, just as I was doing my business, a man dressed in rags (破布) stepped into my shop and be
35、gged me for some money.10We will send you a copy of the agreement for your signature (签字).根据语境写出加蓝部分的汉语意思1(2020全国卷)Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013. 家庭2The family called the Italian Culture
36、 Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million. 部3(2019天津高考)By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. 负担，重担4(2018浙江高考)The ability to design, build and export
37、green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century. 丰富的5McCormick, 57, was convicted (判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Bailey court in London. 判刑6To do so, it should help to understan
38、d why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work. 从事7(熟词生义)(2018天津高考)Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines. 罚款.单句语法填空1He decided to do some voluntary (volunteer) work for our school and community.2Im very thirsty (thirst)Please pour me another cup of tea.3
39、The new edition (edit) textbook published by the Department of Education last month is popular with students.4The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity (diverse) of rare plants and animals.5The nonsmoking policy was introduced wit
40、h little resistance (resist) from staff.6They have decided to make a few adjustments (adjust) to their travelling plan.7He had worked very hard.Consequently (consequent), he got the first place in this grade exam.8I care more about the spiritual(spirit) life than the substantial life.完成句子1.Her fathe
41、rs illness cast_a_shadow_over/on her wedding ceremony.她父亲的病给她的婚礼留下了阴影。2.Be_merciful_to_me! I darent do it next time.饶了我吧，我下次不敢了。3Some schools will have to make_adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform.很多学校将做出调整以和国家足球改革保持一致。4.She put_down_a_deposit_on_the_house last week.上周她付了房子的定金。5W
42、ould you help me to squeeze_the_water_out_of_my_wet_clothes?请你帮我把湿衣服拧干好吗？名师点拨“一站清”(1)in rags“衣衫褴褛”，注意rag用复数形式。(2)cast a shadow/cloud on/over sth.意为“给投下一层阴影”。cast可表示“投射，加于”，多用于光、影、视线等；用于比喻时，可接注意力、责任等抽象名词，多与on连用。(3)be merciful to意为“对宽厚/仁慈”；其同义短语还有have mercy on, show mercy to等。(4)put down a deposit (on
43、) .意为“付()定金”。另外deposit . in .表示“将(钱)存入(银行)或寄放”。 重点练深化高频考点1abundant 明其义adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的 通其用单句语法填空South Africa is a developing country which is abundant in natural resources.All kinds of flowers grow in abundance (abundant) in the park and it looks more beautiful.If you travel in China, you will see an
44、 abundance of ancient buildings. 解其困be abundant in“富有；很丰富”，与其意义类似的短语还有：be rich in; be high in。2burden 明其义n重担，负担 vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等) 通其用(1)单句语法填空His invalid father is becoming a burden on/to him.Nowadays students are_burdened (burden) with heavy homework.He took a parttime job in summer holiday to
45、 burden himself with his school fees.(2)完成句子/句式升级He must take_on/bear_the_burden of supporting his family.他必须担负起养家的重担。He was burdened with endless paperwork, so he didnt have time to accompany his family.(过去分词作状语)Burdened_with_endless_paperwork,_he_didnt_have_time_to_accompany_his_family. 解其困burden用
46、作名词的基本意思是“重负”，指某人或某事在人的心中形成的负担，含有“沉重的”或“额外的”之意。用于比喻时可指难以承担的职责、义务、责任等。3resign 明其义vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从 通其用(1)单句语法填空Mary resigned her pet dog to her neighbour while travelling abroad.Lots of young people resigned from the company to go to small cities because of higher house price in big cities.(2)完成句子In
47、order to look after her sick mother, my friend decided to resign_her_position_as_manager.为了照顾生病的母亲，我的朋友决定辞去经理的职务。The team refused to resign_themselves_to_defeat/being_defeated.该队不甘失败。 解其困resign的基本意思是“放弃”，指有意地或不情愿地作出牺牲，主要指“辞职”。还可表示“听任”，指克制自己而对不可避免的事情表示认可。用作及物动词时多接表示职务的名词作简单宾语，可用于被动结构。也可接反身代词作宾语，意思是“顺
48、从于，屈从于”，其后常接介词to。4elect 明其义vt.选举，推选；选择 通其用完成句子We elected_her_to the board of education.我们推选她担任教育委员会的委员。After a long heated discussion, we finally elected_him_to_be_monitor.经过长时间的热烈讨论之后，我们最终选他当班长。He has already stated his intention to run_for_the_election.他已声明打算参加竞选。 解其困elect表示“选举”，主要指选举某人担任某职位。若所涉及的
49、职位名词在句中作宾语、表语、补语，则通常不用冠词。5undertake 明其义vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应 通其用(1)单句语法填空Well undertake for your security while you are visiting our country.I will undertake to_feed (feed) your dogs while you are away.(2)句型转换Tony undertook that he would never make fun of his deskmate again.Tony undertook_never_to_make
50、 fun of his deskmate again. 解其困undertake多用作及物动词，后接名词、动词不定式或that从句作宾语，也可用于被动结构。6sentence 明其义n& vt.判决；宣判；判刑 通其用完成句子His family hope he will be allowed to return to the UK to serve_a_sentence.他的家人希望允许他回到英国服刑。The driver declared guilty was fined $25,000 and was_sentenced_to_three_years_in_prison.宣布有罪的那个司
51、机被罚款25 000美元，被判三年有期徒刑。Its reported that the judge passed/gave_sentence_on the murderer on May 18.据报道，法官于5月18日宣布了对杀人犯的判决。 解其困sentence与for连用，意为“因而判处”； 与to连用意为“判处”；常用于被动结构。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用强化关键能力 词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空date back to， feel like， take sth.into account， break into， contribute to， keep an eye on， a
52、bove all， to start with， come into being， do away with 1.Research suggests that fast food and soft drink directly contribute_to childhood obesity.2I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into_account.3As the Presidents car arrived, the crowd broke_into loud applause.4We must keep_an_eye_o
53、n the stranger who is looking back and forth all the time.5Children should learn above_all how to observe good manners at table.6People thought that the use of robots would do_away_with boring lowpaid factory jobs.7To_start_with,_we havent enough money, and secondly were too busy.8Before the railway
54、 came_into_being,_a fourhorse coach was a popular means of transportation.9.My interest in stamp collecting dates_back_to my schooldays.10.Would you please turn your radio down a little? Im tired now and feel_like sleeping.名师点拨“一站清”(1)contribute to中to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(2)date back to一般不用于进行时态，作后置定
55、语时，常用现在分词。(3)feel like“想做”，后跟动名词作宾语。.易错对对碰辨析比较1better off VS worse off比较She has a good job and is better_off now than she was when unemployed. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse_off.辨清better off 和worse off 为反义短语。 better off表示“有较多钱的，比较宽裕的，更好的”；worse off 表示“(情况)更糟糕； 更贫困”。 2sh
56、ow off VS show up比较The society today offers the young generation more chances to show_off their talent and skills. The fact is that the famous star didnt show_up all the night through but the concert turned out to be a great success.辨清show off 意为“炫耀，显摆”；show up 意为“出现；露面”，注意区分它们的含义。3on the decrease V
57、S on the increase 比较The new survey shows that the number of students addicted to computer games has been on_the_increase in recent years. It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is on_the_decrease.辨清on the decrease和on the increase 为反义短语。on the decrease意为“减少”；on the increase意为“增加”。 句
58、式的验收盘点 (一)What if .？是连词词组，意为“要是怎么办？” 通其用翻译句子如果他们长时间谈论一幅你不感兴趣的画怎么办？What_if_they_talked_a_long_time_about_a_painting_you_werent_that_interested_in?既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会如此糟糕？If_she_spent_five_years_in_Paris,_how_come_her_French_is_so_bad?那又怎么样？我们可以去便利商店呀！So_what？We_can_go_to_the_convenience_store! 解其困(1)
59、What if .？意为“如果怎么办？”可以看作What will happen if .？的省略形式；还可表示“即使又有什么关系”，是What does it matter if .的省略形式。(2)how come 意为“是怎么回事，为什么”。可以单独出现在对话的语境中，也可以在how come后接语序完整的陈述句。(3)So what？意为“那又怎么样？” (二)make宾语宾语补足语通其用1单句语法填空The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.She man
60、aged to make herself understood (understand) in English.2完成句子(2016四川高考书面表达)Summer makes_me_full_of_energy and I feel I have the strength to do the most difficult things in my life.夏天让我充满活力，让我觉得有力量做生活中最困难的事情。Smartphones make_it_easier_and_more_convenient to check reality, watch video clips, read weib
61、o.智能手机让核实现状、观看视频片段、阅读微博变得更容易、更方便。 解其困(1)在“make宾语宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、动词不定式(不带to)等来充当；(2)在此结构中，当“独一无二的官衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2018全国卷阅读理解B篇对接课标主题：社会热点问题 (一)精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法) 1Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or
62、 river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities
63、develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns (1)grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野)But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.2Dawson did not have
64、any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed
65、 the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.3But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortabl
66、e. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as th
67、ey had come. Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City its present population is 762.,析微点厚积语言基础微积累熟词生义：mouthn口；嘴 (熟义)n入海口；河口 (生义)通句式句子(1)all cities dont develop slowly over a long period of time，为部分否定。not all 意为“并非所
68、有的”。构词法unmapped词源：map n地图 v绘制的地图unmapedunmapped adj.地图上未标出的微积累witha/an n.of短语大集合：with a population of 30,000有3万的人口with an area of 300 hectares有300公顷的面积with a history of 2,000 years有2 000年的历史with a distance of 500 kilometers有500千米的距离 微点拨动词“名”用：rush v迅速移动；急促n. 热潮 理脉络内化读文规律(二)解析真题感悟素养立意 考什么怎么考真题再做24Wha
69、t attracted the early settlers to New York City?AIts business culture.BIts small population.CIts geographical position.DIts favourable climate.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“People settle in these places . New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.”可知，纽约市吸引早期定居者之处就是
70、它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C。25What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?ATwothirds of them stayed there.BOne out of five people got rich.CAlmost everyone gave up.DHalf of them died.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich.”可知，
71、在最先的两万名淘金者中，有4 000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。故选B。26What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?AThey found the city too crowded.BThey wanted to try their luck elsewhere.CThere were unable to stand the winter.DThey were short of food.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The city was crowded . new gold discoveri
72、es in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.”可知，人们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。故选B。27What is the text mainly about?AThe rise and fall of a city.BThe gold rush in Canada.CJourneys into the wilderness.DTourism in Dawson.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段介绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章
73、主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。故选A。 为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第27题主要考查学生的概括性思维。本文首段一开始介绍一般城市的兴起原因在于地理位置优越，并以纽约市为例进行说明，然后话锋一转：并非所有城市都是这样，从而引出本文的主要话题加拿大的道森市。道森市并没有优越的地理位置和其他的便利条件，它的兴起完全是因为当地发现了黄金。第二段主要讲道森市环境的恶劣，但是为了挖掘黄金，人们接踵而至。第三段描述人们没有兴趣定居在道森市，以及其他地方发现黄金，人们纷纷离开道森市，造成了道森市的没落。概括分析全文内容可知选A项。考生如果不具备概括性思维，“只见树木不见森林”，而掉进命题人故
74、意设置的陷阱，则易错选。二、聚焦核心价值本文通过介绍加拿大道森市的发展变迁，旨在让考生了解城市兴衰的原因，进而培养学生的国际视野和学习历史的兴趣，激发学生奋发向上，积极投入家乡、祖国的发展建设中。每个城市乃至国家都有其发展历史，尤其是作为四大文明古国之一的中国更是有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文明，这也成为高考的关注点。因此，考生应多聚焦历史变迁，多关注历史上的人物介绍、地方的兴衰以及文化的迁移和影响。(三)借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1Roleplay is helpful in developing communication (communicate) skills.2Pleasing p
75、eople may not be the path to success.3The poor area which depends on tourism (tour) is developing very quickly.4They put up their tents and settled down for the night.5Weve got plenty of time; theres no need to_rush (rush).补全句子1The old man intended to settle_down_in (定居) the country after he retired
76、.2Not_all_the_students (并非所有学生) are good at learning the foreign language.3China has the largest population in the world, with_a_population_of (有人口) about 1.4 billion.分析长难句The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discove
77、ries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.句式解构本句是一个由and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句主句的主语是The city，谓语动词是was crowded with。第二个分句的主语是they，谓语动词是left。第二个并列分句中包含一个由when引导的时间状语从句和由as引导的比较状语从句。时间状语从句中“there were new gold discoveries in Alaska”是一个省略了that的宾语从句。句意翻译城里挤满了对定居没有兴趣的失望的人们，当他们听说阿拉斯加发现了新的金矿时
78、，他们就像最初来时一样迅速离开了道森市。.主题语境写作巴黎是法国的首都，也是一个梦幻的城市，每年吸引世界各地大批游客来观光游玩。请根据以下要点，用英语写一篇介绍巴黎的小短文。1地理位置：法国北部；2人口：大约220万；3气候：不太热也不太冷，春季和秋季最好；4基本情况：欧洲第二大城市；法国的文化、教育、商业中心；时尚与浪漫之都，很多重大活动在此举行；有悠久的历史和丰富的旅游资源，最著名的有埃菲尔铁塔(the Eiffel Tower)、凯旋门(Arc de Triomphe)和巴黎圣母院(NotreDame de Paris)等。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考
79、范文：Paris, the capital of France, is located in the north of France.It has a population of about 2.2 million.It is the second largest city in Europe.As for the weather, it never gets too hot or too cold.And it is at its best during the spring and autumn months.Paris is the culture, education, and bus
80、iness centre of France.It is a city of fashion and romance.So many important events have been held here.Paris is a modern city with a long history which has so many places for people to visit.The most famous are the Eiffel Tower, Are de Triomphe and NotreDame de Paris.In a word, Paris is really a gr
81、eat and attractive city.对应学生用书分册三P123课下主题训练社会热点问题课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)supermarketcafeteriaaging housing abuse unemployment selfemployment population information negotiation examination cultural historical civil media credible jobhopping sustainable skillful challenge (二)
82、主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)supermarket, population, credible, housing, cafeteria, abuse, selfemployment, aging, civil, media1Many tents have been put up to provide temporary housing for the people in the disasterhit area.2The children will not be allowed to go to the supermarket if they dont behave themselve
83、s.3Having eaten at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.4We therefore have to provide more accurate and credible information.5Social workers discovered that the child had been abused by her father.6China has the largest population among the countries of the world.7People are usua
84、lly well informed of what is happening due to the advanced media,_such as television, newspapers and the Internet.8A civil war is one between people of the same country.单句语法填空1Thousands of people are facing longterm unemployment (employment)2You can find much information (inform) available on the of
85、ficial website.3Many people suffered from cultural (culture) shock when they came abroad.4When you have an opportunity to come to China, Ill teach you how to speak Chinese and show you around some famous historical (history) places of interest.5My parents will be disappointed with me if I fail the e
86、xamination (examine)6Mike found a challenging (challenge) job as a computer programmer.7Too much protein in the diet may advance the aging (age) process.8A teacher who is skillful (skill) in delivering his lecture can undoubtedly inspire the mind of students.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解After a nail salon turns aw
87、ay a physically challenged woman, a stranger makes a truly beautiful gesture, “Beauty isnt about having a pretty face.Its about having a pretty mind, a pretty heart, and a pretty soul, oh, and pretty nails！” That may well be Angela Peters motto.Last July, Peters, 36, rolled her wheelchair into a nai
88、l salon at the Walmart shopping center in Burton, Michigan, with the idea of painting her fingers.But Peters was turned away.The salon told her that they were afraid it would be too difficult to properly paint her nails given that her hands shook.What was meant to be a day of happiness for Peters wa
89、s now a disappointment.Ebony Harris, 40, saw everything and approached Peters.Harris offered to do her nails.They shopped for nail polish.They settled on a bright blue a color that would catch every eye.They then made their way into a neighbouring Subway, found a table for two, and set up shop.Harri
90、s gently took Peters hand into hers and carefully began painting her nails.Watching it all with awe and admiration was Subway employee Tasia Smith.What struck her most was the ease and gentleness displayed by Harris as she painted Peters nails, all the while chatting as if they were old friends.Pete
91、rs, who runs a poetry website, ., harbors no bitterness towards the nail salon that turned her away.The salon says they refused to offer Peters service because they were too busy.“When people do us wrong, we must forgive, ” Peters wrote on her website.“I just want to educate people that people with
92、different disabilities, like being in a wheelchair, can have our own business and get our nails done like anyone else.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身有残疾的Peters被美甲沙龙拒绝后，遇到了体贴的Harris，她认真给Peters做了美甲。通过这个故事，作者告诉我们要平等对待身体残疾的人。1Why did Peters go to the Walmart shopping centre?ATo go shopping.BTo eat at a Subway.CTo
93、 meet her friend Harris. DTo have her nails painted.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“with the idea of painting her fingers”可知，Peters去沃尔玛购物中心是为了去做美甲。故选D。2What caused Peters disappointment?AShe was disabled. BShe was refused.CThe salon was busy. DShe had no nail polish.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，因为被美容院拒绝，所以Peters很失望。故选
94、B。3How do you find Ebony Harris?AMean. BOptimistic.CCaring. DStubborn.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句和第六句可推知，Harris是一个非常体贴的人。故选C。4What can we infer from the passage?AIts better to use websites to educate people.BThe salon had its acceptable reason to decline a disabled woman.CThose who did something wrong sho
95、uld not be forgiven.DPeople with different disabilities should be treated equally.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，本篇文章通过这个故事要告诉我们，残疾人也应该受到平等的对待。故选D。.完形填空Most people get rid of their leftover foods, but in Nigerianborn visual artist Haneefah Adams kitchen, theyre put to good use.Adam is famous for _1_ food
96、in creative ways, using it to make portraits and other works of art.She has _2_ been artistic.Her mother said she had a _3_ for art.Now, shes building a career out of changing food into art.“I do _4_ portraits and also often sew and paint, but what _5_ me the most is food，” she says.Adam is inspired
97、 by _6_ things, including life experiences and culture.She _7_ everything around her as something that can be made into art.In 2016, she _8_ the TechMeetsArtNG exhibition, which was _9_ and funded by Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery.The _10_ was a culinary (烹饪的) exhibition aimed at _11_ the artistic
98、 presentation of some of Nigerias local _12_.Her winning entry was _13_ by one of her favorite childhood meals Ogbono soup which was _14_ the dried seeds of mangoes.“Before the competition, my art was mostly random, and I was just _15_ food art on social media.But after winning, I started to think a
99、bout _16_ making a living from food art，” she says.Winning the competition kickstarted Adams _17_ and her fulltime job is now _18_ art for food brands such as Maggi and Dangote Salt.“I want to _19_ in more exhibitions.I currently live in Kwara, northern Nigeria; it is difficult to make a _20_ in the
100、 countrys art scene from here，” she says.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自尼日利亚的年轻女艺术家把日常的食物变成艺术品的故事。从开始自己的随意设计到后来的获奖，她把这门艺术变成自己的职业。1A.distributingBmixingCpresenting Dselling解析：选C根据上下文可知，Adam善于用创造性的方式呈现(presenting)食物的样子，也就是把食物设计成各种样式。故选C。2A.always BhardlyCnever Dusually解析：选A根据下文可知，她妈妈说Adam有艺术天赋(talent)，因此她一直(alw
101、ays)以来都具有艺术细胞。故选A。3A.dilemma BreputationCstandard Dtalent解析：选D参见上题解析。4A.alternative BregularCcompulsory Dspecific解析：选B根据后面的“also often sew and paint”可知，她定期(regular)画一些素描肖像画。故选B。5A.excites BpuzzlesCrejects Dpresses解析：选A虽然她经常做缝纫活儿和画画，但是最让她兴奋(excites)开心的还是进行食物艺术。故选A。6A.artificial BmodestCrandom Dvisual
102、解析：选CAdam的艺术灵感来自日常随意的(random)事情，包括生活经历、文化等。根据后文“my art was mostly random”可知，她开始的艺术基本都是随性的。故选C。7A.collects BdevotesCinspects Dsees解析：选D她的灵感来自生活中随意的事情，因而她把自己周边的一切事物都看成(sees)可以被创作成艺术的灵感素材。故选D。8A.competed BheldCwon Dperformed解析：选C根据下文可知，她赢得(won)了这场展览比赛。故选C。9A.sponsored BdonatedCexpanded Dpossessed解析：选A根
103、据后面并列的“funded”可知，Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery赞助(sponsored)了这次展览比赛。故选A。10A.background BcompetitionCdiscovery Dvictory解析：选B结合上下文可推知，这场展览就是Adam获奖的这次比赛(competition)。故选B。11A.avoiding BexploringCprotecting Dsorting解析：选B这次烹饪展览比赛旨在探索(exploring)如何把尼日利亚当地的食物(meals)用艺术形式呈现出来。故选B。12A.meals BgoodsCstyles Dwo
104、rks解析：选A参见上题解析。13A.finished BinspiredCsubmitted Dselected解析：选B她的获奖作品是受她小时候最喜爱的一道食物启发(inspired)的。故选B。14A.attached to Boccupied withCmade from Dlinked to解析：选C她最喜欢的食物Ogbono soup是用烘干的芒果的种子制作出来的。be made from“由制作而成”。故选C。15A.selling BpreservingCexporting Drecording解析：选D参加比赛前她的食物艺术都是很随意的。她只在社交媒体上记录(recordin
105、g)她的食物艺术品。故选D。16A.actively BfrequentlyCmildly Droughly解析：选A但是，比赛之后，她开始积极(actively)思考通过食物艺术来谋生了。故选A。17A.view BspaceCreward Dcareer解析：选D赢得这次比赛促使了她职业(career)生涯的开始，后面也提到食物艺术设计成为了她的全职工作。故选D。18A.learning BcreatingCadvertising Ddeveloping解析：选B她现在的工作就是为那些品牌食物创造(creating)各种艺术形式。故选B。19A.give BbringCresult Dpa
106、rticipate解析：选D她想参加(participate)更多的展览比赛，这样就有更多的空间和机会。故选D。20A.profit BpromiseCdifference Ddecision解析：选C她想参加更多的展览比赛，是因为目前她生活的地方无法给她更多的机会在食物设计艺术方面取得更多的成就，有更大的影响。make a difference“有影响”，故选C。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)customtraditionalfestival marriage ceremony honest reliable balanc
107、ed peaceful economic moral grateful development political religious harmonious cherish contact behave partner (二)主题词汇训练.单句语法填空1Apart from good service the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional (tradition) Fujian dishes.2The announcement of their marriage (marry) would appear in the local
108、newspaper next week.3Im not holding out on you.I honestly (honest) dont know where he is.4The manager thought he was a reliable (rely) person and told him all about the new plan.5Enough exercise and a balanced (balance) diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle.6These vegetables are good for
109、the healthy development (develop) of children.7Henry was forced to leave his motherland for political (politics) reasons.8She spent a peaceful (peace) afternoon by the river, reading a novel.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1He was very grateful for the nurses who had cared for him. 感激的2His behavior went against the m
110、oral rules of the social conduct. 道德的3Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China. 节日4Social customs are greatly different from country to country. 习俗5At the graduation ceremony, our headmaster required us to raise our competitive awareness in modern society. 典礼 6As far as I know
111、, the government will speed up the pace of our economic reform.经济的7We should respect people of all faiths and stand for religious freedom. 宗教的8When you have such one friend, cherish your friendship for life long. 珍惜二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解African swine fever has wiped out a third of Chinas pig population.Now
112、government officials are discussing dramatic steps to stabilize the worlds largest pork market.Pork is a huge deal in China.The country is home to half of all the pigs on the planet.The meat is a staple of the Chinese diet, which means its scarcity could damage Chinas social stability.The outbreak o
113、f swine fever also threatens the global pork supply chain.While Chinese authorities have already made plans to support the pig farms and families who may struggle with soaring prices, theyre stepping up efforts to deal with the crisis.The price sellers pay for pork has risen nearly 70% in the last y
114、ear.And the average price that distributors pay suppliers was up 90% in the last week of August compared to a year ago, according to government data.Analysts say prices could yet go even higher.The government on Wednesday announced more measures to encourage pig farmers and producers to breed more b
115、aby pigs.But they may need to go even further to fill the gap.Authorities have promised to release the governments emergency reserves of frozen pig meat if necessary.Ministry of Commerce spokesman Gao Feng said last week that the agency will “closely monitor market developments” before it makes such
116、 a decision.Its difficult to overstate the scale of the problem.As of July, China had lost more than 100 million pigs in the last year, according to the data released Tuesday by the countrys agricultural ministry.Part of the problem is that farmers arent refilling their pig farms after the sick anim
117、als die, according to Chinas agricultural ministry.That has pressured Chinese authorities to explore ways to encourage farmers and producers to breed more baby pigs.The finance and agricultural ministries on Wednesday asked local governments to free up money that could be used for artificial insemin
118、ation (人工授精) technology.The ministries also called on local officials to accelerate the distribution of subsidies (补贴) to farms where pigs have been killed because of sickness.And the Beijing government plans to increase loan support and insurance coverage for pig producers nationwide.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道
119、。文章报道了在非洲猪瘟消灭了中国大量生猪后，政府为稳定市场采取的举措。1What is the possible consequence of the reduction in Chinas pig population?AA lack of diversity of meat.BDramatic drop in the pork price.CInstability of the Chinese society.DThe boom of global pork supply chain.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“which means its scarcity could dam
120、age Chinas social stability”可知，猪肉的减少会引起中国社会的不稳定。故选C。2Which is a measure of the government to address the problem?ATo release the emergency reserves of fresh meat.BTo fund artificial insemination technology.CTo offer free loan support to pig farmers.DTo limit the pork price at the market.解析：选B细节理解题。根
121、据第五段最后一句可知，财政部和农业部要求地方政府调出资金用于人工授精技术，以鼓励农民和生产者培育更多的幼猪。故选B。3What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?AChina has lost a large majority of its pigs.BThe swine problem is not that serious at present.CFarmers are unwilling to raise more pigs for fear of further loss.DThe problem can surely be solved by futu
122、re technological advance.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段第三、四句可知，生病的猪死亡后，农民害怕造成进一步损失不再愿意重新养猪。故选C。4What is the main idea of the passage?ASwine fever threatened the pork supply in the world.BChina makes efforts to solve the swine problem.CChina is home to half of all the pigs on the planet.DChinese authorities encour
123、age farmers to breed more baby pigs.解析：选B主旨大意题。本文主要讲了非洲猪瘟已经消灭了中国大量的生猪，影响了社会稳定。政府正在努力应对危机，宣布了应对措施，努力解决由于非洲猪瘟所带来的问题。故选B。.阅读七选五Among the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), the World Health Organization (WHO) has offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.Wash hand
124、s frequently with soap and water or use an alcoholbased hand rub if your hands are not visibly dirty. _1_._2_.If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may contaminate (污染；传染) objects or people that you touch.Throw tissue immediately into a closed bin and clean hands with alcoholbased hand rub or
125、soap and water.Keep at least onemeter distance between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and have a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with a respiratory (呼吸系统) disease project (喷射) small drops containing the virus. _3_.Avoid touching e
126、yes, nose and mouth because hands touch many surfaces, which can be contaminated with: the virus.If you touch your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated hands, you can transfer the virus from the surface to yourself. Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epide
127、mic (流行病) has been reported, or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms.Practice general hygiene (卫生) measures when visiting live animal markets, wet markets or animal product markets._4_.Avoid contact with potentially contaminated animal waste or fluids on the so
128、il, or structures of shops and market facilities._5_.Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid crosscontamination with uncooked food.AAvoid eating animal productsBIf you are too close, you can breathe in the virusCThis helps knowing the virus if its on your handsDAvoid eating raw or
129、 undercooked animal productsEThis helps removing the virus if its on your handsFStrictly avoid any contact with other animals in the marketGCover your mouth and nose with tissue when coughing and sneezing语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在新型冠状病毒肺炎(NCP)的爆发时，世界卫生组织向公众提供了针对该病毒的基本保护措施。1选E根据上文“经常用肥皂和水洗手，如果你的手不是很脏，可以用含酒
130、精的洗手液”可知，E项“这有助于去除病毒”承接上文。故选E。2选G根据空后一句及下文的“Throw tissue immediately .”可知，G项“咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻”承接下文，故选G。3选B上文提到“感染了呼吸道疾病的人咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会喷出含有病毒的小液滴”，B项“如果你离得太近，你会吸入病毒”承接上文，故选B。4选F根据上文中的“live animal market”可知，F项“严禁在市场上接触其他动物”承接上文，并与下文的“Avoid contact .”为并列结构，故选F。5选D根据下文“小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官，避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染”可知，D项“避免进食生
131、的或未煮熟的动物产品”承接下文，故选D。.书面表达假定你是李华，你校学生会将举办垃圾分类中英文海报设计大赛，你是负责人。请在你校英文网站写一则通知，内容包括：1大赛目的；2作品要求；3作品展出方式及颁奖时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；NoticeGarbage Classification Poster Design Competition Student Council参考范文：NoticeGarbage Classification Poster Design CompetitionTo raise awareness of garbage classifi
132、cation and help students form a good habit, we will hold a competition to design a poster about garbage classification.The competition is open to anyone.The designs, using both Chinese and English, can be handdrawn or digitally produced.Submissions can be made as an individual or as a team.Please ha
133、nd in your work before July 22nd to Mr Li in Room 102.The designs will be displayed from July 23rd to September 10th in the school hall and on our school website.The award ceremony will be held on September 15th and the awards for winners will be amazing.We are looking forward to lots of creative designs.Student Council