1、重难语法课(7)状语从句语境中体悟用法朗读下面短文，体会、领悟加黑连词的用法及引导的状语从句的类型。My mother was cooking in the kitchen whileI was doing my school assignments. As soon asI finished my homework, I went to get some water to drink. Then the doorbell rang. However, my sister unlocked the door beforeI could open it. We were surprised th
2、e momentwe saw her becauseher clothes and face were terribly dirty.She looked much poorer thanwe expected. Sincewe didnt know what had happened to her, we stood there and waited for my sisters story.We wouldnt leave unlessmy sister told us all about it.Aftermy sister got changed, she told us that sh
3、e fell into a ditch whenshe walked on a path on her way to my uncles home in the countryside. She couldnt get out of the ditch.Althoughshe cried for help, no one could hear her. She tried to climb out of it, but, howeverhard she tried, she failed to escape from it.Astime went by, she got worried. Af
4、ter several vain attempts she had to stand whereshe was and waited untila boy student passed by and gave her a hand. The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did asthe boy told, so she came out.My sister also warned us to be careful when walkingon a path even though/if
5、 we are in a great hurry.Thats true. We should mind our step so thatwe can ensure our safety. 用法体悟while引导时间状语从句，强调主从句动作同时进行，意为“当时候”。as soon as引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”。before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及就”。名词词组如the moment/the second/the day/the first time/next time .等可以用来引导时间状语从句。because引导原因状语从句。如果后接名词性短语表示原因，则用because o
6、f引导。than引导比较状语从句。对大家已知的事实提供理由或背景时，常用since引导，意思是“既然”。其引导的原因状语从句多在主句之前。unlessif .not，有“除非，如果不”之意，引导条件状语从句。after引导时间状语从句。when表示“当时”，引导时间状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，可以用although或though，主句可以与副词still连用，但不能再与连词but连用。however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter how。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”时，只能用as。引导地点状语从句时，用where/wherever，表示“在的地方”。until引导时间状语从句
7、，表示“直到”，主句谓语需用延续性动词。as引导方式状语从句，意思是“按照，像那样”。so引导结果状语从句。when doing .为时间状语从句的省略形式，当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be动词时，可省略从句主语与be动词，构成省略形式。even though/if引导让步状语从句，表示“即使，尽管”。so that“以便，为了”引导目的状语从句，可替换为in order that。 系统中整合规则 (一)状语从句的连词从句连词时间状语从句when, while, as, till/until, before, after, since, directly, the moment/insta
8、nt, each/every time, whenever, once, as soon as等地点状语从句where, wherever等条件状语从句if, unless, providing, as long as, on condition that, in case等让步状语从句though, although, even if/even though, as, while, whatever, whenever, wherever, however, “no matter疑问词”等原因状语从句because, since, as, now that, seeing that, con
9、sidering that, in that等目的状语从句so that(为了), lest, in case, for fear that, in order that等结果状语从句so that(因此), so .that ., such . that .等比较状语从句as . as ., than等方式状语从句as if/as though, as等 (二)时间状语从句的易混点1when, while与as引导的时间状语从句连词从句的谓语动词用法when延续性动词；非延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生while延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as延续性动
10、词强调主从句动作相伴发生，可译为“一边一边；随着”Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热时膨胀。While/When I was reading, he came in.我正在看书时，他进来了。The students sang as they walked.学生们边走边唱。2before与since引导的时间状语从句 连词词义常用句式before在之前；还没来得及就；才；趁着It will (not) be一段时间before“(没有)过(时间)就”It was not/wont be long before .“不久就”It was时间段before
11、 .“过了(时间)才”since自从以来It is/has been一段时间since .(从句用一般过去时) (三)结果状语从句的易错点so .that .和such .that .引导结果状语从句，表示“如此以至于”。结构形式如下：There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some.家里几乎没有食物了，我们只好出去买一些。There was such a crush on the train that I could hardly breathe.火车上挤得我都喘不过气来。 集训中明晰考点 考点1引导时间状语
12、从句的连词1(2020全国卷) he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.解析：When/As空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当时”，故填When/As。2(2016全国卷)Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more qu
13、ickly.解析：as/when句意：慢慢地，随着人口的增加/当人口增加时，为了使食物熟得更快，人们开始把食物切成小块。根据句意可知，此处应用as/when引导时间状语从句。3(2016四川高考)The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.解析：When/If第二句句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭了，熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它，轻轻拍打，给它安慰。根据句意可知，应
14、填When或If。4(2021淮北模拟)The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”解析：before句意：“nice”这个单词的含义改变了很多次才终于包含了“快乐”的感觉。根据句意，空处应填before引导时间状语从句。 考点2引导让步状语从句的连词1(2020天津5月高考改编) he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.解析：Although/T
15、hough句意：尽管他能给予她同情，但任何实际的帮助几乎都是他力所不及的。根据句意可知，前后句之间存在让步关系，表示“尽管”，故用Although/ Though引导让步状语从句。 2(2021中山模拟)A pair of red shoes they are for sports, dances or just fashion is a musthave for every Chinese womans shoe collection.解析：whether句意：一双红色的鞋子，不管是为了运动、跳舞，还是仅仅为了时尚，是每一位中国女性鞋子收藏中的必备品。根据句意可知，此处whether .or
16、 .引导让步状语从句，故填whether。3(2021威海模拟) the Internet has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.解析：While/Though/Although句意：虽然互联网已经改变了我们的生活，但并不是所有的影响都是积极的。根据句意可知，前后两句为逻辑上的让步关系。 考点3引导条件状语从句的连词1(2019天津高考改编)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion he wants their support
17、.解析：unless句意：汤姆如此独立，以至于他从来都不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。2(2018北京高考改编) we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.解析：If句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。根据句意可知，此处应该用 if 引导条件状语从句，表示主句内容发生的条件。3(2021漯河模拟)The sales of houses in our city fell by 40 p
18、ercent last month, and it will be 48 percent we dont count lowprice houses provided for poor residents.解析：if句意：我们城市的房屋销售量上个月下降了40%，如果不计算为贫困居民提供的低价房屋，销售量将会下降48%。分析句意可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用if。4(2021惠州模拟)Life doesnt count for much youre willing to do your small part to leave our children a better world
19、.解析：unless句意：如果你不愿意付出你的努力给孩子们留下一个更加美好的世界，生活就没有意义。根据句意可知本句应该使用连词unless“除非，如果不”引导条件状语从句。 考点4引导结果状语从句的连词1(2019全国卷)On our way to the house, it was raining hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.解析：so根据空格后的hard以及其后的that从句可知此句含“soadj./adv.that .”引导的结果状语从句，故填so。 2(2021柳州模拟)
20、Such an honest person is he you can turn to him when you are in trouble.解析：that句意：他是如此诚实的一个人，以至于你可以在困难时向他求助。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处考查结果状语从句such .that .，故填that。3(2021淮北模拟)Welleducated employees can undertake most common jobs easily, so the efficiency of the society is guaranteed.解析：that句意：受过良好教育的员工可以轻松从事最普通的工
21、作，从而保证社会的效率。结合句意，上下文为因果关系，用so that引导结果状语从句。4(2021哈尔滨模拟)It was nice weather that we were able to have lunch in the garden.解析：such句意：天气这么好，我们能在花园里吃午饭。根据句意及句子结构可知，本题考查“suchadj.名词”，故填such。5(2021保山模拟)Our English teacher explains English grammar clearly that all the students can understand.解析：so句意：我们的英语老师
22、把英语语法解释得如此清晰，以至于所有的学生都能理解。此处考查结果状语从句so .that .，故填so。 考点5引导地点、原因、方式、目的状语从句的连词1(2021黄冈模拟)They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude towards failure simply they are incapable (无能力的) of succeeding.解析：because句意：他们对失败假装保持一种健康、明智的态度，只是因为他们不能成功。根据句意可知，前后两部分是因果关系，空后表示原因，故填because。2(2021淮北模拟)Half
23、 an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi the bus had dropped her.解析：where句意：过了半个小时，Lucy还没有在下车的地方打到的士。where“在哪里；的地方”。根据空格前后句意可知，此处指公共汽车放下她的地方，故此处使用where引导状语从句，表示“等的士的地方”。3(2021临沂模拟)Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as he had done something very clever.解析：if/though句意：Jack什
24、么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聪明的事情一样。as if/though意为“好像”，引导方式状语从句。 4(2021德州模拟)We should protect our environment from being polluted so our next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.解析：that句意：我们应该保护我们的环境不被污染，以便于我们的下一代能享受蓝天，过上健康的生活。so that“以便，为的是”，引导目的状语从句。 自测中查漏补缺.单句语法填空1(2021上饶模拟)Youve sea
25、rched all over the house but you still cant find your keys and youre late.If this sounds familiar, follow this advice to make sure it never happens again.2(2021赤峰模拟)If the guests are seated at the table, the hosts may serve the food, or it may be passed so that each person may help himself.3What/Wha
26、tever happens in China, the third largest country in the world with 20 percent of the worlds population, will certainly shape the immediate and distant futures of us all.4(2021泉州三模)Recently I failed an exam.However, when/after I came out of my teachers office, I told myself, “Smile! Its not so serio
27、us.” 5(2021安庆二模)In this period, if/when eaten in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for ones body.6Although/Though/While I was holding an umbrella, my trouser legs as well as my shoes and socks still got wet.7(2021乐山二模)The effect was noticeable even when the p
28、hones were powered off, and was worse for those who were more dependent on their mobiles.8(2021滁州模拟)They put on protective suits and gloves before they entered the building.9Well go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not.10(2021赤峰模拟)Simmons said she stayed calm because she
29、strongly felt everyone would be okay in the end, especially when everyone pulled their strength together to save perfect strangers.单句改错1In my opinion, even though the challenges are difficult for me to get through, but they make both me and the band even stronger.去掉but2Fourth, we should develop good
30、 characters, such as a strong will and diligence, because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams since we get into trouble.sincewhen/if3Unless you couldnt guess it, you had to sing a song or dance or tell a story.UnlessIf4We will be happy whether you can come and spend several days with me
31、here during the coming summer vacation.whetherif5You are so respectable whom every one of us wants to learn from you.whomthat6Whatever I feel unhappy, she will keep me company. WhateverWhenever.语法填空(2021郑州质检)If youve ever ridden public transport，youve probably heard snores(打鼾声)and found someone slee
32、ping in the seat across from you.The natural vibration (震动) of buses and subways 1 (make) us feel sleepy，according to a new study in Science Alert.Why? Its all about sensory input information going to your brain.On a bus, your senses give you 2 (continue) and repeating information.For example, the a
33、ir conditioner and the engine create constant noise. Meanwhile, youre sitting still and your 3 (surrounding) dont change.The vibrations of the engine are also ongoing.Your brain has almost no new information to process.Repeating information will 4 (ignore) eventually and your brain will enter a lowe
34、nergy state.The fact that you fall asleep quickly with your eyes 5 (close) on a bus is because your brain gets used to all the repeating information.“When youre tired, it doesnt take much time 6 (start) nodding off.And weve found that the gentle vibrations made by car seats 7 you drive can relax you
35、r brain and body，”said Stephen Robinson, 8 researcher from the RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia.Robinsons team monitored 15 volunteers heart rate variability a wellknown indicator of sleepiness.This research can assist in the development of practical and relevant guidelines for limiting 9 (ex
36、pose) to vibrations in the car industry.Robinson believed that the research could be helpful 10 improving road safety.“We hope that future car seat designs can build in features to disturb this relaxing effect and fight vibrationinduced (震动引起的) sleepiness，” he said.语篇解读：我们乘坐公共交通工具时，经常会看到有人打瞌睡。一项新的研究
37、发现造成此现象的原因是交通工具的正常震动。1.makes考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，此处陈述的为客观情况，应用一般现在时；又句子主语表示单数概念，故用其一般现在时的单数形式makes。2continuous/continuing/continued/continual考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词，修饰名词information，所以填continuous/continuing/continued/continual。3surroundings考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处被形容词性物主代词your修饰，应用名词形式，所以填surroundin
38、gs“环境”。4be ignored考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，此处与句子主语Repeating information构成被动关系，故应用被动结构，所以填be ignored。5closed考查非谓语动词。with复合结构“with名词/代词分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词”在句子中作状语。your eyes和动词close构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以填closed。6to start考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定句型“it takes some time to do sth.”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。7when/as/while考查状语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构
39、可知，空处引导一个状语从句，意为“当的时候”，所以填“when/as/while”。8a考查冠词。researcher是可数名词，又是第一次在语境中出现，表泛指，故用不定冠词修饰，又researcher的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。9exposure考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词，作动词limit的宾语，所以填exposure。10in考查介词。be helpful in doing sth.“有助于做某事”是固定用法，所以填介词in。.短文改错I was a sweet and loving girl during I was very young. Unfortunate, th
40、ings changed. It all started when I was given smartphone in the eighth grade by a good friend. I became fond of watching movies, chat online and playing addictive games. Naturally, I couldnt make progresses in my study any more. Whats worse, I spent fewer time in communicating with my parents. Thus,
41、 all of them were worried about what had been happened and turned to my head teacher for help. With their help, I realized what serious the things were and decided to change myself. Now I am grateful to them and became a good girl.答案：第一句：duringwhen第二句：UnfortunateUnfortunately第三句：smartphone前加a第四句：chatchatting第五句：progressesprogress第六句：fewerless第七句：allboth; 去掉happened前的been第八句：whathow第九句：becamebecome