1、Unit 17 Laughter一、背单词与词块 (一)背阅读单词会认就行 (背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1anecdote n轶事，趣闻2ridiculous adj. 荒谬的，可笑的3agency n. 代理处，经销处4mature adj. 成熟的5sunburnt adj. 晒黑的6thriller n. 惊险小说(戏剧、电影)7psychology n. 心理学8being n. 人；物；生物9authority n. 权威；权力10tension n. 紧张，焦虑11seal vt. 封，密封12compensate vt. 补偿，赔偿13yawn vi. 打哈欠1
2、4crosstalk n. 相声15component n. 成分，组成部分 (二)背重点单词写对才行 1.visa n. 签证2withdraw vt. 提取；撤退3overlook vt. 忽视4clarify vt. 澄清，讲清楚 5delay n. 延误，延期6queue vi. 排队7yell vi. 叫喊，叫嚷8swiftly adv. 迅速地9border n. 国界，边境10figure n. 人物11scold vt. 骂，责骂12purely adv. 完全地，仅仅13obtain vt. 获得，得到14rarely adv. 很少，难得15depth n. 深(度)，纵深
3、16tough adj. 艰难的；不幸的；强壮的，强健的 (三)背拓展单词用准才行 1.amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑amusement n娱乐，消遣；快乐的事amused adj.娱乐的，觉得好笑的amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的2response n回应，应答respond v回答，答复3harmony n协调，和谐harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的4mess n混乱messy adj.凌乱的，肮脏的5scare vt.使恐惧scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的scary adj.可怕的，(某人)吓得发抖的6acknowledge vt.认可，承认acknowl
4、edgement n承认；感谢7profession n职业，专业professional adj.职业的，专业的8resist vt.抵抗，抵制resistant adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的resistance n抗拒；反对9caution n谨慎，小心cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的cautiously adv.谨慎小心地10forbid vt.禁止，不准forbidden adj.禁止的；不准的11universe n宇宙universal adj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的12astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇astonishing adj.令人惊讶的astonished a
5、dj.惊讶的astonishment n惊奇13desperate adj.绝望的；不顾一切的desperation n拼命；绝望desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；非常地14convince vt.使相信convincing adj.令人信服的convinced adj.相信的，信任的15comedy n喜剧comedian n喜剧演员 语境活用1The cautious boy looked around cautiously and then walked across the road with caution.(caution)2Seeing the scary film
6、, Mary was almost scared to death.(scare)3It is reported that the famous star didnt respond to her unusual behavior while her friends had different responses to it.(respond)4Mr Wang is an amusing person who often amuses us with amusing stories. So staying with him is really a kind of amusement.(amus
7、e)5To our astonishment,_the famous star retired suddenly.Thats to say, we were astonished at the news of her retirement, and it was really astonishing.(astonish)6If everyone can live in harmony with others, our society will become more harmonious.(harmony)7His convincing words finally convinced me,
8、and I was convinced that he was innocent.(convince) (四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1amuse vt.逗乐；使(某人)笑背词条用法(1)amuse sb./oneself by/with sth. 通过来取乐某人/自己(2)to ones (great) amusement 令人感到(极)好笑的是for amusement 取乐，消遣(3)be amused at/by 对感到好笑be amused to do sth. 做某事而感到好笑背写作佳句His chief amusement is reading novels，
9、so he usually amuses himself with reading. 他主要的消遣是看小说，所以他通常以阅读为乐。Wang Xizhi park, which lies in the east of Linyi city, is a good place for relaxation and amusement. 王羲之公园位于临沂市东部，是休闲娱乐的好去处。Absurd as it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 虽然它听起来荒诞，但在场的每个人都被他在非洲的
10、冒险故事逗乐了。2harmony n协调，和谐，融洽背词条用法in (out of) harmony with . 与协调一致(不协调) live in harmony (with .) (与)和睦相处，和谐共处背写作佳句With better education, people will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature. 有了更好的教育，人们能够建立一个与自然和谐相处的美好的社会。(2020全国卷)Additionally, no one can deny he lives in harmony with al
11、l our classmates, enjoying a harmonious interpersonal relationship and is always ready to help others. 此外，没有人能否认他和我们所有的同学都和睦相处，有着融洽的人际关系，并且总是乐于帮助别人。3delay n& v延误，延期背词条用法delay doing sth. put off doing sth.推迟/延迟做某事without delay 毫不耽搁；立刻背写作佳句Please accept our heartfelt apologies for delaying delivering
12、the goods to your company. 请接受我方为拖延交货给贵公司的衷心歉意。(2020浙江高考)I was too terrified to forget to do so just now.I did as told without delay. 我刚才太害怕了以至于忘记了这样做。我立刻照他说的做了。4acknowledge vt.认可，承认；对(某人所做的事)表示感谢；告知收到背词条用法acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as . 认为某人/物是；承认某人/物是acknowledge doing sth. 承认做某事It is universally/wi
13、dely acknowledged that . 是大家公认的背写作佳句First, acknowledge your mistake rather than ignoring or denying it. 首先，承认你的错误，不要无视或否认它的存在。He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world. 人们普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。 It is widely acknowledged that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding. 人们普
14、遍认为过度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。5resist vt.抵抗，抵制背词条用法(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事cant resist doing sth.cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事(2)be resistant to sth. 对某物有抵抗力背写作佳句A healthy diet should help your body resist being infected. 健康饮食有助于身体抗感染。I know it is time for me to set out to do my homework, but I just cant resist
15、playing computer games. 我知道是开始做作业的时候了，但我就是忍不住要玩电脑游戏。It is believed that elderly people are always resistant to change. 人们认为上了年纪的人总是抗拒改变。6caution n谨慎，小心；警告 vt.警告，告诫；提醒背词条用法(1)with caution 小心地，谨慎地(2)caution sb.not to do sth./against doing sth. 警告某人不要做某事caution sb.about ./that . 警告某人(3)be cautious abou
16、t/of/with . 对很小心背写作佳句We should select the reading materials with caution. 我们应该慎重选择阅读材料。Scientists cautioned that the virus could turn into a much deadlier form. 科学家们警告称，该病毒可能变异成更致命的形式。He was very cautious about committing himself to anything. 他谨小慎微，从不轻易表态。7forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt.禁止，不准背词条用法fo
17、rbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb.sth. 禁止某人某事 禁止某人做某事背写作佳句For the benefit of health, the whole company forbids smoking in the office. 为了健康着想，全公司禁止在办公室内吸烟。(2016北京高考)In the first place, we should forbid their posting advertisements on the walls. 首先，我们应该禁止他们在墙上张贴广告。Smoking is strictly forbidden. 严禁吸烟。8ast
18、onish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇背词条用法(1)It astonishes sb.that . 令某人惊讶的是(2)be astonished at/by . 对感到惊讶be astonished to do . 因做而感到惊讶(3)to ones astonishmentto the astonishment of sb. 让某人感到惊讶的是in astonishment 惊讶地背写作佳句(2020新高考全国卷)People were astonished at/by seeing such a little, poorlydressed boy selling popcorn at the
19、ir doors, but eventually almost all of them would buy a bag or two. 人们看到这么一个衣衫褴褛的小男孩在自己家门口卖爆米花都很惊讶，但最终几乎所有人都买了一两袋。(2020浙江高考)To my astonishment, the bear stopped attacking and began to sniff the food and then wolfed down the treat. 令我吃惊的是，这只熊停止了攻击，开始嗅食物，然后狼吞虎咽地吃下了食物。9desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的；铤而走险的，不顾一切的
20、；非常需要的；极度渴望的背词条用法(1)be desperate for sth. 渴望某物be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事in desperate need (of) 非常需要() (2)in desperation 绝望背写作佳句When I speak English, I often feel a little nervous.I am desperate for your help.Can you give me some advice on how to overcome it？当我说英语时，我经常感到很紧张，我急需你的帮助。你能给我一些克服紧张的建议吗？
21、(2018天津高考)We are in desperate need of your help. 我们急需你的帮助。(2020浙江高考)Elli was in desperation and at a loss what to do. 埃利感到绝望，茫然失措。10convince vt.使相信；说服背词条用法(1)convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事convince sb.that . 使某人相信(2)be convinced of/that . 坚信/确信背写作佳句If we want to protect the
22、environment, we must convince people to take action. 如果我们想保护环境，就必须说服人们采取行动。(2019全国卷)I am convinced that I will be the right person for the position. 我确信我会是这个职位的合适人选。11scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕；惊吓 n恐慌；恐惧背词条用法(1)scare sb.into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事scare sb.to death 使某人大受惊吓，吓得要死scare .away/off 把吓跑(2)be scared of sb
23、./sth. 害怕某人/某物be scared 害怕做某事背写作佳句Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well. 有些父母试图用吓唬的方法使孩子守规矩。(2020浙江高考)Scared that the bear would return, Elli and I climbed into the helicopter. 由于害怕熊会回来，埃利和我爬上了直升飞机。Were scared of the things that we dont understand. 我们害怕自己不了解的事情。 (五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多
24、积词块才行单元短语再认再现1burst_out_laughing突然笑起来2cash_a_cheque 兑现支票3wait_in_line 排队4get_rid_of 处理掉，摆脱5fool_around 胡闹，瞎弄；虚度光阴，闲荡6._result_in 导致，造成7from_time_to_time 不时地8run_into 撞上；陷入9put_on 假装；穿上；上映10turn_sb.off_ 令人讨厌11regardless_of 不管，不顾12pull_faces_ 做鬼脸13thanks_to 幸亏；由于14do_sb.good 对某人有益15play_around 四处游戏重点短
25、语拓展用活1regardless of 不管，不顾背相关短语in spite of/despite尽管(表示让步) with regard to 关于；至于背写作佳句As is known to us all, the law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, or gender. 众所周知，法律要求人人平等，不论种族、宗教或性别。Whats more, it is very safe to consume the foods immediately despite approaching shelf
26、 life. 更重要的是，尽管接近保质期，立即食用这些食品也是非常安全的。(2018全国卷)With regard to me, Im intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life. 对于我来说，我沉迷于篮球，因为它一直给我力量去面对生活中的挑战。2run into撞上；偶遇(困难、问题等)；偶然碰到；陷入背相关短语run across 偶然碰见run out (of) 用完；耗尽run away (from) 逃避；逃跑；离开run
27、after 追赶；追求run over (撞倒并)碾压，轧过背写作佳句I didnt know what to say and at the same time I saw a taxi run into a bike and the man on the bike was thrown off. 我不知道说什么，就在这时，我看到一辆出租车撞上了一辆自行车，自行车上的人被甩了下来。As a system administrator, you may run across numerous challenges and problems. 作为一名系统管理员，你可能碰过各种各样的挑战和问题。It
28、 is said that the world would run out of fresh water in 2050. 据说到2050年世界上的淡水将会耗尽。3result in 造成，导致，结果是背相关短语(1)result from由于而引起(2)as a result 结果(在句中作状语，常用逗号与句子隔开) as a result of . 由于without resultin vain 没有结果；白费背写作佳句The over releasing of carbon dioxide may result in less rainfall, the global warming a
29、nd so on. 二氧化碳的过度排放可能导致降雨量减少、全球变暖等问题。(2017天津高考)Every day, I have to spend most of my time in studying.As a result，I dont have enough time to take exercise. 每天，我都要花大部分时间在学习上。因此，我没有足够的时间锻炼。In my opinion, most of those conflicts result from misunderstanding and lacking of communication. 在我看来，这些冲突大多源于误解
30、和缺乏沟通。二、背佳句与佳作 (一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word？(have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”)你有没有拼不出单词的时候？佳句(2019全国卷)Besides, I can speak fluent English, which means we shall have no trouble in communication. 此外，我能说一口流利的英语，这意味着我们在交流方面不会有任何困难。佳句Yet, so thunderou
31、s is your dogs bark that I fail to concentrate and even have difficulty in falling asleep. 而且，你的狗叫得如此震耳欲聋，以至于我无法集中精神，甚至难以入睡。佳句(2016全国卷)However, I have some trouble in collecting the materials relevant and using the language. 然而，我在收集相关材料和使用语言方面遇到了一些困难。2While still at primary school，Rowan had already
32、shown admirable acting talent.(状语从句的省略)还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。佳句(2020全国卷)When back home, Dad noticed my uneasiness and asked me what had happened. 回家后，爸爸注意到了我的不安，问我发生了什么事。佳句(2019北京高考)While working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. 工作的时候，我意识到顶着炎炎烈日在地里工作是多么的辛苦。佳句(201
33、8全国卷)Whats more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food. 更重要的是，当你用餐的时候，你要避免在咀嚼食物时发出声音。同主题佳句熟读成诵1It goes without saying that a smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world full of strangers.毫无疑问，微笑能够帮助我们渡过难关，帮助我们在一个充满陌生人的世界
34、里找到朋友。2We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐的生活是绝对必要的。3Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future.Only in this way can we deal with things correctly in our life.因此，不管将来发生什么事情我们都应该保持冷静，只有用这种方式我们才能恰当地处理生活中的问题。4As fa
35、r as Im concerned, we should develop a positive attitude towards life.Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.We should be brave when faced with difficulties.我认为，我们应该对生活采取积极的态度。生活中不仅充满阳光而且困难重重。面对困难，我们应该勇敢。5Im convinced that 10% of my life is what happens to me and 90% is how I react t
36、o it.我深信，我生活的10%是事情本身，90%是我对事情所采取的态度。 (二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点邀请信(二) 题目要求 (2017全国卷)假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(papercutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 背范文Dear Henry，Im Li Hua. Last time you told me you wanted to know more about traditional Chinese culture. Now Im
37、 glad to tell you there will be a Chinese papercutting exhibition in our school. I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for the art feast.The exhibition, the theme of which is “Beauty of China”， will take place in our school library from 2 to 5 on the afternoon of June 21. Not only will some o
38、f our students works be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of papercutting works created by a famous artist. Besides, there will be a lot of interesting activities, from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture.I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. Im sure y
39、ou will get a wonderful impression of it. Looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua学亮点1学亮丽开头考生首先进行了自我介绍，点明了身份。然后用Last time you told me you .交代了写信的背景，用Now Im glad to tell you there will be .介绍了活动的主题，然后便自然而然地诚恳地发出了邀请。2学高级表达熟练使用高级句式，如：there be句型there will be a Chinese papercutting exhibition in
40、our school；非限制性定语从句the theme of which is “Beauty of China”和from which you can .；倒装句型Not only will some of our students works be displayed .；过去分词短语作定语created by a famous artist等。这些亮点表达增强了文章的表达效果，是加分的亮点所在。同时，这也彰显了考生灵活的语言驾驭能力，值得称赞。3学精彩结尾结尾使用I would appreciate it if .表达期待对方接受邀请，与开头呼应。随后用Im sure .从自己的角度表
41、达了对活动效果的肯定和信心。最后用Looking forward to your early reply.表达了期待回复。本文结尾短短三句话便表达出了自己邀请对方的诚恳态度和期待心情。4学过渡衔接文章准确使用了last time, now, not only . but also ., besides等过渡性词语，增强了文章的连贯性和条理性。5防微点失分考生容易把“The exhibition, the theme of which is Beauty of China， will take place .”中的which错用成it，或把take place误认为其有被动语态形式，而误用成被动
42、语态“be taken place”，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识 全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1This research is based on anecdote (趣闻) not fact.2He graduated from York with a degree in Psychology (心理学)3.This new comedy (喜剧) deserves a warm welcome.4She yawned (打哈欠), and stretched lazily.5.The audience was amused by the crosstalk (相
43、声)6Trust is a vital component (因素) in any relationship.7The agency (机构) is voluntary and not run for profit.8She now has authority (权威) over the people who used to be her bosses.9Tod could not bear the touch of clothing on his sunburnt (晒黑的) skin.10Nowadays many people do ridiculous (荒谬的) things to
44、realize their dream of “perfection”.根据语境写出加蓝部分的汉语意思1This movie is a richer and more compelling thriller involving a catandmouse game.惊险小说(戏剧、电影)2There is often a tension between the aims of the company and the wishes of the employees. 矛盾；对立3.It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key info
45、rmation being passed on to them.忽略，忽视4(熟词生义)Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. 密封5(熟词生义)She has no intention of giving you a divorce; shes just stringing you along.
46、哄；愚弄6(熟词生义)Technology in this field has matured considerably over the last decade.成熟；长成7.(熟词生义)I was standing right next to her, but she didnt even acknowledge me.(微笑、挥手等)致意.单句语法填空1Im going to write good jokes and become a good comedian (comedy)2Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.3.S
47、uddenly sitting down on the ground the child swiftly (swift) took off her shoes and stockings.4Strong light will affect the depth (deep) of colour of your carpets and curtains.5She took the job purely (pure) and simply for the job experience.6He is one of this countrys top professional (profession)
48、sportsmen.7In the film, Po is finding his way home, which is very universal (universe)8The police say the response (respond) has been far better than expected.9Your room is so messy (mess) that you cant find what you want.10He is rarely (rare) satisfied with anything less than perfection itself.名师点拨
49、“一站清”(1)comedy“喜剧”，属于戏剧的一类，戏剧还包括：tragedy (悲剧), tragicomedy (悲喜剧)等。(2)crosstalk“相声”属于中国传统曲艺形式之一，常见的曲艺有：小品(opusculum)，杂技(acrobatics)等。(3)overlook为前缀over后跟动词look构成，意为“俯视；忽略”，前缀为over的词还有：overcome，overwork，oversleep等。(4)acknowledge在句中为动词，其后常跟动名词作宾语，其同义词有：admit, appreciate等。(5)swiftly是在形容词后加副词后缀ly构成，类似的还有
50、：rarely, purely, truly等。 重点练深化高频考点1amuse 明其义vt.逗乐；使(某人)笑 通其用(1)用amuse的适当形式填空Yesterday we went to the park for amusement.The park provided a lot of amusing performances, which amused the tourists a lot.The clowns walked off the stage, shaking hands with the audience, giving candies to the children an
51、d making the children really amused.(2)单句语法填空He told an amusing (amuse) story as a leadin to the serious part of his speech.The audience was amused at/by the magicians tricks.Amused (amuse) at the final score, he decided to treat himself to a big dinner.We were greatly amused to_hear (hear) about hi
52、m sitting on the wet paint.(3)完成句子To_our_amusement,_his father watches cartoons for_amusement.让我们感到好笑的是，他爸爸竟然看动画片消遣。It was too rainy to play outside, so she amused_herself_by/with_a_book.雨太大了，不适合在外面玩，所以她看书消遣。 解其困amuse为及物动词，意为“使(某人)笑”，其现在分词形式为amusing，意为“令人发笑的”，过去分词形式为amused，意为“(人)觉得好笑的”。类似的动词有：surpri
53、se, shock, tire, astonish等。2delay 明其义n& v延误，延期 通其用(1)单句语法填空I have to delay answering (answer) his question, waiting for the right moment.The injured were taken to the nearest hospital without delay.(2)完成句子They should have arrived at lunchtime but their_flight_was_delayed.他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们的航班延误了。 解其困
54、delay可作动词，其后跟名词或动名词，同义词有：postpone, hold over等。3resist 明其义vt.抵抗，抵制 通其用(1)单句语法填空Some people werent resistant (resist) to the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end.I cant resist eating (eat), so that I put on weight again.There has been a lot of resistance (resist) to this new rule.(
55、2)同义句转换She couldnt help making jokes about his funny behaviour.She couldnt_resist_making jokes about his funny behaviour.(resist)She couldnt_be_resistant_to_making jokes about his funny behaviour.(resistant) 解其困resist表示“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的cant/can hardly/be not able to等连用；resist 后接动词ing形式，不接不定式。4caution 明
56、其义n谨慎，小心；警告 vt.警告，告诫；提醒 通其用(1)单句语法填空He is a cautious (caution) man and is always doing things carefully.The teacher suggested we do the exercises with great caution though they were easy.I think you should be cautious about giving your address to strangers.(2)一句多译她告诫我不要和那个淘气的男孩交朋友。She cautions_me_no
57、t_to_make friends with the naughty boy.She cautions_me_against_making friends with the naughty boy. 解其困“介词名词/形容词”含有名词或形容词对应的副词的含义，如：with cautioncautiously, in shortshortly等。5forbid (forbade, forbidden) 明其义vt.禁止，不准 通其用(1)单句语法填空It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas
58、.I think the middle school students should be forbidden to_use (use) smart phones at school.It is not allowed to approach the forbidden (forbid) area.My father forbade me from meeting (meet) my friends online at the Internet cafe!(2)一句多译我父亲禁止我玩电脑游戏，除非我做完所有的家庭作业。My father forbids_me_to_play_computer_
59、games unless I finish all my homework.My father forbids_me_from_playing_computer_games unless I finish all my homework.My father forbids_my_playing_computer_games unless I finish all my homework. 解其困forbid后跟动名词作宾语，跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。类似的词还有allow, encourage, advise, permit等。6astonish 明其义vt.使惊讶，使惊骇 通其用(1)单句语
60、法填空To our great astonishment,_the boss wasnt astonished at the astonishing news at all.(astonish)Everyone is astonished at/by the news that hes learned Latin in three months.Hearing his name called, the sleepy boy stood up in astonishment.He was astonished to_see (see) how his hometown had changed i
61、n the past 10 years.(2)完成句子To_my_astonishment,_he finished the job in such a short time.令我吃惊的是，他竟在如此短的时间内完成了工作。It_did_not_astonish_her_at_all_that he had gone.他走了，她对此一点都不吃惊。 解其困astonish的过去分词astonished在句中常作形容词，意为“感到惊讶的”，可作定语或表语；而现在分词astonishing在句中用作形容词时，表示“令人惊讶的”，在句中作定语或表语。7convince 明其义vt.使相信；说服 通其用(
62、1)单句语法填空Ive been trying to convince him to_see (see) a doctor.There is now convincing (convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work.Convinced (convince) of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.(2)完成句子I
63、_am_convinced_that he has learned a lesson from his mistakes.我确信他已经从错误中吸取了教训。Because they were_convinced_of_the_accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion.因为他们确信数据的精确性，所以他们坚持自己的意见。 解其困“v.sb.ofsth.”结构中的动词有：convince, warn, remind, persuade, inform, accuse等。8scare 明其义vt.使恐惧；使害怕；惊吓 n恐慌；恐惧通其用 (1)单
64、句语法填空They made fires to cook the food, scare wild beasts away/off and keep warm.Generally speaking, most of the girls are scared to_set (set) off fireworks.To tell you the truth, the movie is very scary (scare)I was too scared (scare) to go into the water even though they tried to persuade me severa
65、l times.(2)完成句子I was_nearly_scared_to_death when I was alone in the building.当大楼里只有我一个人时，我几乎被吓死。He was_scared_to_stay/of_staying outside late at night because he was_scared_of_being_robbed/to_be_robbed.深夜他不敢待在外面，因为害怕被抢劫。 解其困scare sb.to death短语中介词to表示达到某种结果，如：starve to death“饿死”；sentence sb. to death
66、“判某人死刑”；be tired to death“累极了”；be bored to death“烦透了”。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用强化关键能力 词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空burst out laughing， wait in line， run into， thanks to， do sb.good， get rid of， as a result of， regardless of， from time to time， put on 1.In order to keep healthy, you should get_rid_of the bad habit of smok
67、ing.2He serves the people heart and soul, regardless_of his personal gain or loss.3He didnt expect to run_into so many of his friends in this party.4.She burst_out_laughing when she heard the good news that she was admitted into her ideal university.5The football match was put off as_a_result_of_the
68、 storm.6.Thanks_to your help, we finished the work ahead of time.7Its good manners for us to wait_in_line when we buy a ticket.8We would appreciate it if you could give us some encouragement_from_time_to_time.9In response to the audiences great demand, the play will be_put_on in the theatre twice a
69、week.10.It will not do_you_good if you drink large amounts of water after heavy exercise without any rest.名师点拨“一站清”(1)burst out 意为“突发；大声喊叫”，其同义短语有burst into等。(2)thanks to意为“由于，幸亏”，其同义短语有：because of, due to, owing to等。(3)do sb.good意为“对某人有益”，其同义表达有：do good to sb., be beneficial to sb.；反义表达有：do sb.bad，
70、be harmful to .等。.易错对对碰辨析比较burst out VS burst into 比较She burst_into tears and ran from the kitchen. The class burst_out laughing after hearing the joke.辨清burst out 与burst into均意为“突发；大声喊叫”，burst out后跟动名词作宾语，而burst into后跟名词作宾语。 句式的验收盘点状语从句的省略通其用1单句语法填空Unless invited (invite), he will not come back to
71、the company.When asked (ask) about the secret of his success, he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.If chosen (choose), Mr Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn out to be an excellent manager.While travelling (travel) along the way, we can enjoy the be
72、autiful scenery as well as the new looks of the villages and towns.2句型转换If it is necessary, you should turn to your parents for help.If_necessary,_you should turn to your parents for help. 解其困在由while, when, if, as if, even if/though, though, although, until, once, unless 等引导的状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句
73、中的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be动词可同时省略。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2020新高考全国卷阅读理解D篇对接课标主题：健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度 (一)精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法) 1According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.
74、 And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.2To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 u
75、ndergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pou
76、nds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.3Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more w
77、hen the actor was thin.4For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 piece
78、s.5The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “Ill have what shes having” effect. However, well adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill ho
79、ld back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why cant I？,析微点厚积语言基础微技法通过上下文推测短语或单词意义：此处通过画线词上一句的“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people .”可知，“beanpoles
80、”所在句与其前一句中的研究结论是相反的，由此可推知“beanpoles”的含义。微积累help短语大集锦：help oneself to 自行取用；随便吃help sb. do/to do 帮助某人做某事cant help doing 忍不住做某事cant help but do sth. 只好做某事构词法前缀over表示“在上，超出”overweight adj. 超重的overwork n. 过度劳累overact v. 做得过火overlook vt. 俯视，眺望overcome vt. 战胜overproduction n. 生产过量 理脉络内化读文规律 (二)解析真题感悟素养立意 考
81、什么怎么考真题再做12What is the recent study mainly about?AFood safety.BMovie viewership.CConsumer demand. DEating behavior.解析：选D主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知，消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。由此可知这项研究是关于饮食行为的，故D项正确。13What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?ABig eater
82、s. BOverweight persons.CPicky eaters. DTall thin persons.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第一段中的画线词所在句可知，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭)相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“contrary to”可知，画线词与heavier people 含义相反，故D项正确。14Why did the researchers hire the actor?ATo see how she would affect the participants.BTo test if the participants
83、 could recognize her.CTo find out what she would do in the two tests.DTo study why she could keep her weight down.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.”可知，为了验证社交对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验；再结合下文介绍的两个实验可知，雇用演员参加实验旨在查看演员对参与实验的人的
84、饮食习惯的影响，故A项正确。15On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?AHow hungry we are.BHow slim we want to be.CHow we perceive others.DHow we feel about the food.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I .because I see the results of his e
85、ating habits.”可知，如果这个同伴打算吃得更多，“我”也会吃得更多。但是，我们要调整这种影响。如果一个超重的人吃了很多，我会稍微保留一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。据此可以推知，我们对自己饮食的调整是以分析他人的饮食习惯和结果(即如何看待他人)为基础的，故C项正确。 为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第12题主要考查学生的概括性思维。通读全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题段，即消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。根据上述分析，故可得知这项最新研究主要是关于饮食行为的。二、聚焦核心价值
86、本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于就餐同伴会影响人们食物摄取量的研究，结果表明“我跟着她吃”的影响的确存在，但人们也会根据自身对他人的看法有所调整。文章旨在引导学生养成合理的饮食习惯和健康的生活方式。通过对文章内容的分析和评判，深入思考饮食习惯与健康生活方式之间的联系，从而形成正确的饮食观和生活观。 (三)借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1Gas and oil consumption (consume) always increase in cold weather.2Im writing to invite you to participate in the speech contest
87、to be held in our school.3She is one of the most influential (influence) figures in the local politics.4The twins were dressed differently and one was thinner (thin) than the other.5She had formed the habit of going to bed and getting up early.补全句子1In China, it is usual to help_yourself_to (自行取用) th
88、e food placed at the center of the table.2A_large_amount_of (大量的) food and fresh water is wasted in the world every year.3In order to keep_slim (保持苗条), so many young girls always skip meals.分析长难句And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large p
89、ortions (份), its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. 句式解构本句是一个含有多个从句的主从复合句。其中and承接上文，contrary to为形容词短语作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词research；says后是省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词heavier_people。句意翻译而且现有的研究表明，你应该避免与食量大的较肥胖的人一起吃饭，(这项研究的成果)相反的是，你真正需要避免的是与食量大的又高又瘦的人(一起吃饭)。.主题语境写
90、作假定你是李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写了一封信，她提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥。请你给她写一封信，谈谈你的观点。内容包括：1健康比漂亮更重要；2学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌(appearance)和别人的看法；3可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯；4健康的心态也很重要。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Dear Xiaowang，I have read your letter, in which you mentioned that you want to lose weight by dieting.It is na
91、tural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful. However, health is more important than beauty. As a student, study is the first thing to consider.So do not let others opinions affect your normal life.If you do want to lose weight, its a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and chan
92、ging unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help you with your studies.I do hope my advice will be helpful to you.Yours, Li Hua课下主题训练健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)amusementfunentertainment recreation d
93、istraction relaxation humor pastime pleasure interesting joyful cheerful disgusting laughter giggle grin chuckle vivid sneer opera (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)fun， pastime， grin， amusement， opera， disgusting， humor， vivid， sneer， interesting 1Its not much fun going to a party on your own.2The best method t
94、o settle disagreements is to treat the situation with humor.3People use scissors to cut red papers into different vivid shapes, like plants and animals.4The kitchen was in a disgusting state when she left.5She was relieved to see his face light up with a boyish grin.6She pretends to be interested in
95、 opera,_but its only for show.7His favorite pastime was patting his kittens soft paws.8If you go to a club and you dont look right, youre sneered at.单句语法填空1She could not hide her amusement (amuse) at the way he was dancing.2The entertainment (entertain) was good clean fun for the whole family.3Satur
96、day afternoon is for recreation (recreate) and outings.4I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions (distract)5You should be able to find the odd moment for relaxation (relax)6He was quite humorous (humor), and I liked that about him.7It was interesting (interest) to be in
97、 a different environment.8The nursery is bright and cheerful (cheer), with plenty of toys.9Laughter (laugh) is one of the most infectious expressions of emotion.10They grinned(grin) with delight when they heard the good news.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解A(2021太原月考)Clowns (丑角) have been around for a long time.They
98、not only make us laugh at the circus (马戏团) but they used to make the king and his followers laugh in court.The earliest of these funmakers are called “fools”In Greek and Roman times these fools dressed up like clowns do today with painted faces and funny costumes (戏服)They danced around the stage and
99、 did things to make people laugh as clowns do in circuses today.By medieval times (中世纪) every court had its fools.Fools wore bright colours and had bells (大肚子) on their shoes and their hats.They were not really meant to be foolish and often they would say wise and sensible things to the king which n
100、obody else was brave enough to say.The king never got_cross with the fool as this was his job.He was meant to be both wise and foolish and try to make the situation in court less serious.Of course people wanted to have their own kind of fool and shows developed in the 1500s in which fools (or Zanies
101、) performed to make the crowd laugh.This kind of entertainment became so popular that it started a special kind of drama in Italy called Commedia dellarte, which gradually turned into our comedy programmes today.When you watch the antics (滑稽剧) of Charlie Chaplin or Rowan Atkinson, you are watching a
102、 kind of comedy that is directly originated from the fools of ancient Rome and Greece.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小丑由只属于古罗马和希腊的宫廷发展到今天马戏团里的小丑的历史。1How do clowns entertain people?ABy their amusing talk and body language.BBy their amusing voices and body language.CBy their clothes, songs and the way they talk.D
103、By their clothes, makeup and the way they act.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句可知，丑角是通过他们的衣服、化妆和行为方式娱乐人们的。故选D。2Where did fools first give performances?AIn different towns in Europe.BIn shows in ancient Greece and Rome.CAt fairs or market where there were a lot of people.DIn the building where law cases could be
104、heard and judged.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句中的“In Greek and Roman times”可知，小丑最初是在古希腊和古罗马表演。故选B。3When did the Commedia dellarte begin to develop?ABefore the fifth century.BAround the tenth century.CDuring the Middle Ages.DIn the sixteenth century.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Commedia dellarte是在16 世纪开始发展的。故选D。4Wha
105、t does the underlined phrase “got cross” in the second paragraph mean?AGot satisfied.BGot through.CGot angry. DGot delighted.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第二段中“they would say wise and sensible things to the king which nobody else was brave enough to say”以及画线词所在句可知，国王绝不会对丑角生气，因为这是他的工作。由此可知，get cross是“生气”的意思。故选C。B(202
106、1仁寿月考)In effect, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness.They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment and selfimprovement.Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though h
107、e finds dating less and less satisfying.If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment.For commitment is in fact quite painful.The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement.Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples
108、with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a threeday vacation.I dont know any parent who would choose the word “fun” to describe raising children.But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understand
109、ing and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations.It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness.It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to i
110、ncrease our happiness now seems pointless.And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章提出了快乐与痛苦总是相伴而行，并进行了举例说明，最后作者阐述要理解并接受真正的快乐，必须能够区分出快乐和乐趣。5According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage ch
111、iefly because _.Ahe is unwilling to take family responsibilitiesBhe believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleChe finds more fun in dating than in marriageDhe fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he is afraid of making a commitment”可知，
112、一个单身汉害怕结婚的原因是他害怕做出承诺，害怕承担责任。故选A。6Raising children, in the authors opinion, is _.Aa moral duty Ba thankless jobCa rewarding task Da source of inevitable pain解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的内容尤其是最后一句可推知，作者认为养育孩子是值得的，是有回报的。故选C。7To understand what true happiness is one must _.Ahave as much fun as possible during ones
113、lifetimeBmake every effort to liberate oneself from painCput up with pain under all circumstancesDbe able to distinguish happiness from fun解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，如果想知道什么是真正的快乐，我们要能够区分快乐和乐趣。故选D。8What is the author trying to tell us?AHappiness often goes hand in hand with pain.BOne must know how to ma
114、ke money.CIt is not important to make commitments.DIts pain that leads to happiness.解析：选A写作目的题。文章首先提出了快乐与痛苦总是相伴而行，接着进行了举例说明，最后作者阐述要理解并接受真正的快乐，就要能够区分出快乐和乐趣。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是要告诉我们快乐常与痛苦相伴而行。故选A。.语法填空(2021昌都模拟)Every single day things happen that change our feelings and emotions (情感). Depending _1_ what
115、happens to us, we may become happy, angry, sad, _2_ (excite) or one of many other emotions. Feelings and emotions are gifts to us and they make us different from other _3_ (animal)So, it is very natural to feel angry or scared. It is also important for us to think why we feel a certain way.If we thi
116、nk about what it is that makes us feel like we do, we can then _4_ (successful) control our reactions.But this is _5_ (easy) said than done! Sometimes, it seems that we _6_ (control) by our emotions.There might be events, both good and bad, in our life that take us by surprise.It can be hard _7_ (ma
117、nage) our feelings during these times.Sometimes our emotions can get us into trouble.We may see a young child _8_ loses his/her temper (脾气) and gets punished.It is easy for us to hurt people, make bad choices or not do our best when we let our feelings control our words and actions.During these time
118、s, it is important to remember that we dont always choose how we feel, _9_ we can choose how to act or react. Controlling _10_ (we) emotions will help us be better people.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何理性控制自己的情绪，不被一些负面情绪所左右。1on考查固定短语。 depend on“取决于”，是固定短语，故填on。2excited考查形容词。该空作系动词become的表语，用形容词，与happy, angr
119、y和sad并列，且此处修饰人，故填excited。3animals考查名词复数。animal是可数名词，被other修饰，应用复数形式，故填animals。4successfully考查副词。该空修饰动词control，应用副词，故填successfully。5easier考查形容词比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比较级。Its easier said than done“说着容易做着难”，是固定短语。故填easier。6are controlled考查时态和语态。we与control之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据it seems可知，应用一般现在时，故填are control
120、led。7to manage考查不定式。It isadj.to do sth.是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，故填to manage。8who/that考查定语从句。 该空所在句是一个定语从句，修饰先行词young child，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who/that。9but/yet考查连词。分析上下文可知，前后是转折关系，故填but/yet。10our考查代词。该空修饰名词emotions，应用形容词性物主代词，故填our。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)tragedy seriesc
121、omedy popularity magnificent spirit admit taste highly role beneficial situation essential harmonious correctly attitude occasionally temptation effective ignore (二)主题词汇训练.单句语法填空1The incident sparked off a whole series of events that nobody had foreseen.2We are doing a weekly poll on the president,
122、and clearly his popularity (popular) has declined.3These books tell moving stories to lift the spirits (spirit) of readers.4In the circumstances, Paisleys plans looked highly (high) appropriate.5In short, a good and harmonious (harmony) environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthy.6I
123、t is important to judge the weight of your washing load correctly (correct)7Email is an effective (effect) means of communication.写出下列句中加蓝单词的汉语意思1When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. 悲剧；灾难2His taste in clothes is extremely good. 品味3The media play a
124、 major role in influencing peoples opinions. 作用4You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately. 情况5The museum is closed while essential repairs are being carried out. 必不可少的6I also conducted a field study among the boys about their attitude to relationships. 态度7I found the tempta
125、tion to miss the class too hard to resist. 引诱.用本单元词汇替换/升级加蓝词汇1I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it. overlook 2Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. acknowledge3It wouldnt hurt you to help with the housework occasionally.It wouldnt hurt you to hel
126、p with the housework from_time_to_time. 二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills.Rather, its their enormous capability for joy.A friend told me a story.One day, when she went to get his 6yearold son from soccer practice, her kid gr
127、eeted her with a sad face.The teacher had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills.The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down.He seemed wrapped in sadness.But before reaching the car door, he suddenly stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to look at something
128、 on the sidewalk.“Mom, come here! This is the strangest bug Ive ever seen.It has, like, a million legs.Its amazing！” The little face was overflowing with indescribable excitement.Nowadays, however, when we walk into a classroom, especially in a high school, well be choked by towering books and paper
129、s, and hiding behind them are a group of motionless creatures, pens in hand, minds dry, just as the hollow men portrayed by TS.Eliot.Their pursuit of joy has given way to their hunger for grades.Laughter and happiness are a distant memory for them.Although joy is an unaffordable luxury in todays inc
130、reasingly fierce competition, administrators and teachers need a mindset shift from crushing students with assignments to getting them to take pleasure in productive activities which develop their important qualities, like perseverance and obligation.The assumption that pleasure is the enemy of comp
131、etence and responsibility makes no sense educationally.Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good for you.Why not think of learning as if it were food something so valuable to humans that they want to experience it as a pleasure?语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了孩
132、子和成年人最大的区别在于孩子可以迅速地得到快乐。而现在的教育体系让孩子们失去了快乐，笑声和快乐早已经成为回忆。1How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?ABy describing a procedure.BBy analyzing the process.CBy giving an example.DBy collecting data.解析：选C写作手法题。根据第一段后半部分可知，作者通过列举一个孩子迅速从悲伤的情绪中恢复过来，变得非常高兴的事情告诉我们孩子和成年人最大的差别在于孩子可以迅速地快乐起来。故选C。2What does the author in
133、tend to do in Paragraph 2?ASummarize the previous paragraph.BProvide some advice for the readers.CIntroduce the main topic for discussion.DClarify some puzzling questions.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者告诉我们现在的孩子学习压力太大，学习让他们失去了很多快乐。这是文章要讨论的话题，所以本段的目的是引出本文要讨论的话题，故选C。3What does the text suggest administrators an
134、d teachers do?AStop giving students homework.BInvolve students in meaningful activities.CSupply students with luxuries.DArouse students fond memories.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，管理者和老师们应该让学生参与有意义的活动，从中培养各种能力。故选B。4What is the text mainly about?AJoy is the spokesperson for learning.BPleasure is the enemy of
135、 progress.CEducation is the paradise for parents.DExams are a neverending war.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章论述了孩子和成年人最大的区别在于孩子可以迅速地得到快乐。而现在的教育体系让孩子们失去了快乐，笑声和快乐早已经成为了回忆。作者认为管理者和老师应该改变教育方法，让孩子们在学习中得到快乐同时也发展自己的能力。故选A。.阅读七选五Think positiveHow are you feeling today? If your heads in a spin because youve had a bad nights s
136、leep, or maybe youve just got too much to do, the chances are youre not in the best of moods.If everything seems like an effort and you have a negative attitude, the last thing you want to be told is to “be positive”！ _1_.Of course, developing a positive attitude is easier said than done._2_. When y
137、oure feeling down, it is hard to be optimistic.But a study in the US has found that people who are optimists are more likely to live longer than those who have a more negative approach to life.So, maybe the thought of a longer life might encourage you to have a more hopeful outlook on life._3_.Profe
138、ssor Lewina Lee from Boston University School of Medicine, who worked on the study, told the BBC that: “Our findings speak to the possibility that raising levels of optimism may promote longevity and healthy ageing.” And she advises that pessimists could benefit from doing things like imagining a fu
139、ture where everything turns out well._4_.Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul.A sense of humour keeps things in perspective.”And Pippa Kennedy says“being grateful for what you have and lots of chocolate helps！”_5_.Thats probably why other people have recommended doing yoga as well as staying fit an
140、d healthy to help maintain a positive outlook on life.AIt doesnt come naturally to everyoneBAs we know, every coin has two sidesCPessimists tend to give up when facing difficultiesDBut being positive could have more benefits than you thinkEThe saying goes that a healthy body leads to a healthy mindF
141、People have been giving their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to lifeGThe study concluded that optimists may find it easier to control emotions and get less stressed1选D根据文章可知，下文提到的是乐观所带来的好处，由此可知，D项承上启下，表示虽然不情愿，但乐观还是能带来意想不到的益处的。故选D。2选A空前提到培养积极的态度说起来容易做起来难。同时该空后提到在一个人情绪很低落的时候是很难乐观起来的，说明
142、不是想乐观就能乐观的，乐观的情感不是自然而然产生的。故选A。3选G根据下文提到Professor Lewina Lee在从事某项研究的工作可知，G项“研究的结论是，乐观主义者可能会发现更容易控制情绪，减轻压力”承接下文，且选项中的optimists与下文的pessimists相对应。故选G。4选F分析文章可知，第四段中提到了Vicki Siska和Pippa Kennedy保持乐观的方法，由此可知，这是不同的人对于如何保持乐观给出的方法和建议。故选F。5选E下文提到其他人建议做瑜伽，通过保持健康来保持乐观的人生观，说明有健康的身体才能有健康的心灵。故选E。.短文改错(2021哈密第十五中学月考
143、)It was raining when I went home from school yesterday.I see an old man walking difficultly in the rain without a umbrella.I went up to him and offered to share my umbrella with him.He was very surprising and said “Thank you.” When I tried to hold the umbrella to him, I found that she was very tall.
144、I was too short hold the umbrella highly enough.Just when I was wondering what to do, and he took the umbrella.Several minute after we got to the bus stop, his bus came and he got on it.He again thanked me for that I had done.I went home happily.答案：第二句：seesaw; aan第四句：surprisingsurprised第五句：第二个tofor; shehe第六句：在short后加to; highlyhigh第七句：去掉and第八句：minuteminutes第九句：thatwhat