1、一.概念 名词是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称的词,有专有名词和普通名词之分,还有可数名词与不可数名词之分.二.要点精讲 1.名词复数的规则变化 情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读 /z/bag-bags /car-cars以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses/ watch-watches以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es读 /z/baby-babies2.其它名词复数的规则变化 b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half-
2、halves knife-knivesleaf-leaves wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves；c. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如：The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书。Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。2） 抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如：four free
3、doms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。5. 定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。1) 用复数作定语。例如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系2） man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数6. 不同国籍人
4、的单复数 国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数中国人the Chinesea Chinese two Chinese瑞士人the Swissa Swisstwo Swiss澳大利亚人the Australians an Australiantwo Australians俄国人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians意大利人the Italiansan Italiantwo Italians希腊人the Greeka Greektwo Greeks法国人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen日本人the Japanesea Japanesetwo
5、 Japanese美国人the Americansan Americantwo Americans印度人the Indiansan Indiantwo Indians加拿大人the Canadiansa Canadiantwo Canadians德国人the Germansa Germanstwo Germans英国人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen瑞典人the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes7. 名词的格 三.即学即练1.He was eager to make some extra money, since during the
6、se years he could 8.Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the _.a. rooms number b. room number c. rooms numbers d. room numbers9.Computers can do _ work in a short time, but a man can not do _ by himself. a great manymany c. mucha great deal b.great deal ofmuch d.
7、 manya great many10.She didnt know _ he had been given.a. how many information c. how many informationsb. the number of information d. how much information11.He invited all of his _ to join his wedding party.a. comrade-in-arms c. comrades-in-armb. comrades-in-arms d. comrade-in-arm12.All the _ in th
8、e hospital got a rise last month.a. women doctors c. woman doctorsb. women doctor d. woman doctor13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_.a. growns-ups c. growns-upb. grown-up d. grown-ups14.The police investigated those _ about the accident.a. stander-by c. standers-byb. stander-bys d. standers-bys15.The Nazi kept those _ in their concentration camp.a.prisoner-of-wars c. prisoners-of-warb.prisoners-of-wars d. prisoner-of-war
