1、专题3 第6讲.单句语法填空1(2020福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测)Their academic schedule made it difficult (finish) the job very quickly.【答案】to finish【解析】考查动词不定式。make itadj.to do sth.意为“使做某事怎么样”，此处it是形式宾语，动词不定式(to do)是真正宾语，所以此空用动词不定式。故填to finish。2(2020山西省吕梁市高三一模)The second snowfall of Beijing hit the capital Sunday evening， (af
2、fect) traffic routes and scenic areas on Monday.【答案】affecting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：周日晚，北京遭遇第二场降雪，影响了周一的交通路线和景区。根据谓语动词hit可知此处要用非谓语动词，根据语境可知，表示意料之中的结果，用现在分词。故填affecting。3(2020四川省绵阳市高三第三次诊断性考试)A heartbreaking image of the woman， (take)inside the Port Melbourne supermarket at midday on Thursday and shared to T
3、witter by Nine News reporter Seb Costello，started an outpouring of feelings from the public，with many (express) their willingness to help the lady and others currently suffering.【答案】takenexpressing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位女士令人心碎的画面，于周四中午拍摄于墨尔本港超市。分析句子结构可知，这里take和share引导的两个动词都作前句主语a heartbreaking image的定语。它们
4、与主语之间是被动关系(画面被拍摄，被分享)，要用过去分词形式。故填taken。考查非谓语动词。句意：这副画面引发了公众的强烈反响，很多人都表示愿意帮助这位女士以及那些正在受苦的人。分析句子结构可知，express their willingness在这里作宾语many(很多人)的补语，它们之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填expressing。4(2020安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟)In Internet companies like Google and Yahoo，their workers are dying (relax) at work.【答案】to relax【解析】考查固定短
5、语。句意：在谷歌和雅虎等互联网公司，他们的员工渴望在工作中放松。be dying to do sth.是固定短语，表示“渴望做某事”。故填to relax。5(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期第十次调研考试)Hollywood producer Jeff Most told Xinhua，“These are rich cultural traditions China wants to share but they need (introduce) to Western audiences in a way.”【答案】to be introduced/ introducing【解析】考查固定
6、搭配。句意：这些都是中国想要分享的丰富文化传统，但它们需要以一种方式向西方观众介绍。固定搭配：need doing/to be done“需要被”，动名词或动词不定式的被动式作宾语。故填to be introduced/ introducing。6(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期四调)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (improve) water quality.【答案】to improve【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词连接且谓语动词是encour
7、ages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。7(2020山西省太原市第五中学高三下学期3月摸底)Can you imagine the world full of crying and shouting， (cover) in darkness?【答案】covered【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你能想象这个世界充满了哭泣和喊叫，被黑暗笼罩着吗？分析可知，句中谓语为can imagine，因此所填空应作非谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填covered。8(2020山西省太原市高三模拟试题)But remember (see)
8、 your doctor if your bad breath continues.【答案】to see【解析】考查动词不定式。根据句意“但如果你的口臭还在继续，记得去看医生。”可知，remember to do表示“记得去做某事”符合句意。故填to see。9(2020广东广雅中学高三适应性考试)After all，thats how the exams are designedwith four skills (test) separately.【答案】tested【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词在“with复合结构”中作补语，test和逻辑主语skills之间是
9、动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填tested。10(2020河南省郑州市高三第二次质量预测) (live) in the countryside，she spent her youth studying ants before the rain，watching sunbirds drink honey，counting fireflies and watching young plants grow.【答案】Living【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语结构，live与其逻辑主语she是主动关系，应使用现在分词作状语。故填Living。.单句改错1(2020安徽六校教育研究会
10、高三第二次素质测试)But actually，have to turn our phones off on a plane is a service issue，not a safety one.【答案】have改为having【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，have to turn our phones off on a plane在句子中作主语，应用动名词作主语。故have改为having。2(2020安徽省合肥市高考第一次模拟)To make my dream come true，I have to be physically fit by keeping a healthy di
11、et and work out regularly.【答案】work改成working【解析】考查动名词作介词宾语。句意：为了让我的梦想成真，我必须身体健康，保持健康的饮食，经常锻炼。此处work和keep是并列关系，介词by后用动名词作宾语。故把work改成working。3(2020甘肃省兰州市高三诊断考试)At about 9 oclock last night，I was busy prepare for my test when a loud noise came through next door.【答案】prepare改为preparing【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我正忙着准备
12、考试。“be busy doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”。故把prepare改为preparing。4(2020四川省成都实验中学一诊)He showed his care and love for me by pay attention to my health，education and what I needed at that time.【答案】pay改为paying【解析】考查动名词。句意：那时，他通过关心我的健康、教育和我需要的来表达对我的关心和爱。介词by之后，用ving。故pay改成paying。5(2020河南省洛阳市高三第二次统试)At last，we s
13、tuck a tail making of paper to one of the corners and tied a long string to a centre.【答案】making改为made【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，tail和make之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词made。故making改为made。6(2020黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三下学期第一次模拟)Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffered from disasters great courage.【答
14、案】suffered改为suffering【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知句中已有谓语动词gives，suffer应该用非谓语动词形式。people 和suffer是主动关系，用-ing形式作定语。故suffered改为suffering。7(2020陕西省西安中学高三第一次模拟) In the square where many senior citizens were dancing，I found several elders bury in feeding birds.【答案】bury改为buried【解析】考查非谓语动词。句子为find宾语宾补结构。be buried in 表示
15、状态，“埋头于做某事”，此处用过去分词做宾补。故bury改为buried。8(2020山西省临汾市高考模拟)I thought to myself remove the bee would be easy.【答案】remove改为removing【解析】考查动名词。句意：我想把蜜蜂弄走是很容易的。分析可知，remove the bee应是从句主语，应用动名词作主语。故将remove改为removing。9(2020吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量监测)I smile when met new people.【答案】met改为meeting【解析】考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：当我遇到新朋友时，我会
16、微笑。此处句子主语I和meet之间是主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语。故把met改成meeting。10(2020安徽省六安市第一中学高考模拟)Throughout the class she inspired every student used her fascinating smile.【答案】used改为using【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处used her fascinating smile是状语，表方式；句子的主语she和use之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应该用现在分词做状语。故used改为using。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020福
17、建省厦门一中高三高考模拟)The proportion of children 1 (have) access to the Internet before primary school is continuing to rise，according to a report 2 (release) on Wednesday that calls for improved Internet literacy education and more protection of minors.The report said 175 million minors 3 (use) the Internet
18、 in China last year， 4 the rate of internet access among children and teenagers reaching 93.1%.32.9% of primary school students were found 5 (begin) surfing the Internet before they started school，and the rate was increasing，meaning there is a 6 (great) need for more Internet skills education for fa
19、milies，better online content supervision and 7 (manage) and a targeted protection mechanism for minors.With the Internet now 8 indispensable part of daily life， 9 is important for adults to put it into perspective for minors and show them 10 to use it properly.【答案】1.having2.released3.used4.with5.to
20、have begun6.greater7.management8.an9.it10.how【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着未成年人上网比例的上升，人们需要进一步改善网络素养教育，加强对网络内容的监督管理，并加强对未成年人的保护。1考查非谓语动词。句意：小学前上网的儿童比例继续上升。分析句子可知，句中的主语是The proportion of children，谓语为is continuing to rise。因此可知所填空为非谓语，判断have access to与其逻辑主语children之间是主动关系，因此使用have的现在分词形式having。故填having。2考查过去分词。分析
21、句子可知，动词release和其逻辑主语report是被动关系，因此此处是过去分词短语released on Wednesday作定语修饰report。故填released。3考查时态。句意：报告称，去年中国有1.75亿未成年人上网。分析句子可知，175 million minors 3 (use) the Internet in China last year在句中作谓语said的宾语从句，从句中主语为175 million minors(1.75亿未成年人)，use作从句谓语。因为是发生在过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时。故填used。4考查with的复合结构。分析句子可知，此处是所填空的复
22、合结构，the rate of internet access among children and teenagers(儿童和青少年上网率)作所填空的宾语，reaching 93.1%作宾补，“withn./ pron.ving” 这一复合结构在句子中作伴随状语，说明情况，其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作，因此可判断出此处是with的复合结构。故填with。5考查动词不定式。句意：32.9%的小学生在上学前就开始上网。be found to do意为“被发现做某事”，是固定表达。begin动作发生在过去并且已经完成，对现在造成影响，因此使用现在完成时。故填to have begun。6考
23、查形容词比较级。句意：这意味着需要对家庭进行更多的网络技能教育。此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，现在比过去的需求更大，因此应使用great的比较级形式。故填greater。7考查名词。并列连词and连接的前后两部分在形式上应保持一致，根据and前的supervision及所填空后的and a targeted protection mechanism，都是名词，因此可知应填manage的名词形式management。故填management。8考查冠词。句意：现在，互联网已成为日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。此处表示泛指，“日常生活中不可或缺的一部分”，indispensable为元音因素开头，因此使用
24、不定冠词an。故填an。9考查代词。分析句子可知，此处用it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式结构作真正的主语。所有代词中，只有it有此用法。故填it。10考查副词。句意：向他们展示如何正确使用互联网。此处为“疑问词动词不定式”结构，根据句意可知，设空处表方式。故填how。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改
25、均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。(2020陕西省西安中学高三第一次模拟)People always say that we lack of the eyes of realizing the beauty in life.I cant agree complete.Last Friday，I woke up very early and decide to take a walk.In the square there many senior citizens were dancing，I found several elders bury in feeding
26、birds.Without many cars，I realized the city looked so clean but beautiful.Some coffee shops were decorated pretty well，which attracted our eyes.The whole city was covered with green tree，making it green city.At this moment，I found the city was so interesting.How I regret ignore its beauty before!【答案
27、】People always say that we lack of the eyes of realizing the beauty in life.I cant agree .Last Friday，I woke up very early and to take a walk.In the square many senior citizens were dancing，I found several elders in feeding birds.Without many cars，I realized the city looked so clean beautiful.Some c
28、offee shops were decorated pretty well，which attracted eyes.The whole city was covered with green ，making it green city.At this moment，I found the city was so interesting.How I regret its beauty before!【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在周五散步时重新发现了城市的美。1考查及物动词。lack为及物动词，后面没有介词。故去掉lack后面of。2考查副词。副词修饰动词，“完全地”修饰“同意”。故com
29、plete 改为completely。3考查动词时态。连词连接并列的动词时态，woke提示用一般过去时。故decide改为decided。4考查定语从句。square是先行词，在从句中做地点状语，用where。故there改为where。5考查非谓语动词。find宾语宾补，be buried in 表示状态，“埋头于做某事”，用过去分词做宾补。故bury改为buried。6考查连词。干净和美丽是并列形容词，应该用并且连词连接。故but改为and。7考查代词。根据句意“一些咖啡店装饰得很漂亮，吸引了我的眼球”，所以代词应该是my。故our改为my。8考查名词。tree是可数名词，其前无任何限定词，所以用名词复数表示泛指。故tree改为trees。9考查冠词。成为一个绿色的城市，city为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，且green首字母发音为辅音音素，应用冠词a修饰。故it后加a。10考查非谓语动词。根据句意“我多么后悔以前忽视了它的美丽”。“后悔做过某事”用regret doing。故ignore改为ignoring。