1、课时分层作业(十八).阅读理解AAt one time，experts were against raising children in a bilingual(双语)home.They thought their brains would become confused，which would result in their developmental delays(耽误)and poor performance in studies.But we now understand that the exact opposite is true.Children can easily learn
2、 extra languages because of the higher ability of their brain to form new neural(神经的)connections and new brain cells throughout life.While some studies suggest that learning two languages can lead to delays，these delays are shortlived.In addition，the brain of the children who learn two languages can
3、 benefit unexpectedly early.By using a fun game with a disappearing puppet，researchers found that babies as young as 7 months old who are raised in bilingual homes got cognitive(认知的)benefits! A study used a memory game and found that bilingual 5yearolds answered questions faster and were more exact
4、than their partners only learning one language.According to a report given by the National Education Association，children who study a second language receive a rise in general development，do better in tests，are more creative，and have a better sense of achievement in school.Second language studies he
5、lp kids do better in other areas of study，including improving their reading skills and social studies.Research shows that students who are able to speak a second language have better listening skills and sharper memories，and are better at solving difficult problems.From primary school to college，the
6、y score higher in tests than those who cant.And results from the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) also show that students who have studied another languagefor four or more years did better in both the spoken and maths problems of the test.In a word，learning more than one language contributes to the br
7、ain development in babies and the excellent school performance of students of all ages.Therefore，it is clear that its never too early to learn a second language for children.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。过去专家们认为双语家庭会耽误小孩的成长。现有研究表明，孩子较早地学习一种外语，有助于促进大脑发育。1What did the experts once think of raising kids in a bilingua
8、l home?AIt had some advantages.BIt should be encouraged.CIt was bad for kids growth.DIt enriched childrens childhood.C细节理解题。根据第一段“They thought their brains would become confused.poor performance in studies.”可知，专家认为双语家庭对孩子们的成长不利。2What can we know about bilingual kids from Paragraph 2?ATheir brains ca
9、n develop surprisingly early.BTheir brains can grow new cells quickly.CThey react very slowly to questions.DThey suffer from longtime delays.A细节理解题。根据第二段的“In addition，the brain of the children who learn two languages can benefit unexpectedly early.”以及后文的例子可知，学习两种语言的孩子的大脑发育出奇地早。3When should a child s
10、tart studying a second language according to the author?AThe younger the better.BIn his/her early teens.CAround 5 years old.DAt primary school.A推理判断题。根据第四段的“Therefore，it is clear that its never too early to learn a second language for children.”可知，作者认为让孩子越早接触第二语言越好。BThe idea of turning recycled plas
11、tic bottles into clothing is not new.During the last five years，a large number of clothing companies，businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution.But theres a problem with this method.Research now shows that microfibers could be
12、the biggest source of plastic in the sea.Dr.Mark Browne in Santa Barbara，California，has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now.He explains that every time synthetic (合成的)clothes go into a washing machine，a large number of plastic fibers fall off.Most washing machines cant c
13、ollect these microfibers.So every time the water gets out of a washing machine，microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.In 2011，Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic clothing can produce more than 1,900 fibers per wash.Browne collected samples from se
14、awater and freshwater sites around the world，and used a special way to examine each sample.He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.This is bad news for a number of reasons.Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten.Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other p
15、ollutants.Based on this evidence，it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental“solution.”Even though the science has been around for a while，Browne explains that hes had a difficult time getting companies to listen.When he
16、 asked wellknown clothing companies to support Benign by Designhis research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market，Browne didnt get a satisfying answer.Only one womens clothing company，Eileen Fisher，offered Browne funding.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议
17、论文。在过去的五年里，大量的服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料变成织物来处理塑料污染。但是这种方法有一个问题。现在的研究表明，微纤维可能是海洋中塑料的最大来源。来自加州圣巴巴拉的马克布朗博士的研究也证实了这一点。4What has happened during the past five years?AFabric has become much stronger.BPlastic pollution has been less serious.CMany plastic bottles have been reused.DMicrofibers have been greatly im
18、proved.C推理判断题。根据第一段“During the last five years，a large number of clothing companies，businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution”可知，在过去的五年里，许多服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料转变成织物来处理塑料污染。由此判断出在过去的五年里许多塑料瓶已被重新利用。5What does Browne think of wash
19、ing synthetic clothes?AIt is adding microfibers to the clothes.BIt is worsening environmental problems.CIt is making synthetic clothes last longer.DIt is doing great damage to washing machines.B推理判断题。根据第二段“He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine，a large number of plas
20、tic fibers fall off.Most washing machines cant collect these microfibers.So every time the water gets out of a washing machine，microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.”可以判断出布朗认为洗合成纤维衣服正在使环境恶化。6What can be inferred about Brownes Benignby Design research project?AIt has achie
21、ved great success.BIt hasnt got anything done.CIt is known to very few people.DIt is facing some difficulties.D推理判断题。根据最后一段“When he asked wellknown clothing companies to support Benign by Designhis research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of
22、 the market，Browne didnt get a satisfying answer.”可知，当他要求知名服装公司来支持他的研究项目 Benign by Design时，Browne并没有得到令人满意的答案。由此判断出布朗的Benign by Design正面临一些困难。7Whats the best title for the text?AIts important to learn to recycleBIts never easy to solve pollution problemsCRecycled plastic clothing：solution or polluti
23、on?DAre human beings moving forward or backward?C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，在过去的五年里，大量的服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料变成织物来处理塑料污染。但是这种方法有一个问题。现在的研究表明，微纤维可能是海洋中塑料的最大来源。来自加州圣巴巴拉的马克布朗博士的研究也证实了这一点。所以短文主要是围绕着“回收塑料服装：是解决方案还是污染”而展开的。故C项正确。.读后续写“Good for you，” said the middleaged woman in the swimsuit as I walked by.“I see you out h
24、ere swimming，practicing hard every day.” I smiled politely and thanked her.It was midAugust and she was probably the fifth or sixth person in that summer to make this type of comment(评论)on me.I was one of a handful of people who went to the lake almost every day to swim and Id never heard anyone pra
25、ise the other swimmers.If I had to guess，I would say that no one would have commented if I had weighed 120 pounds.But as someone who weighed more than twice that，I was sure I stood out.More than likely these people were well meaning，but whenever someone would say “Good for you” or “Way to go”，I woul
26、d hear “Wow.youre pretty active for afatgirl！”A few summers before，these types of comments would have upset me a lot more.Actually，a few summers before I would even have considered not swimming at that lake.It was not that I wouldnt have loved to.Ever since I was old enough to walk，the water was my
27、favorite place.When I was young，my parents would take me to the lake，and I always got angry when other kids wanted me to play in the sand or on the playground.We had this huge body of water to play in.Why would we want to be on the shore? At that age，I wasnt embarrassed to be seen in a swimsuit as a
28、 fat kid，but there were other fat kids.It didnt seem to matter.As I grew up.I was more selfconscious(难为情的)I would still enjoy a swim，but I was quick to reach for a coverup or a towel to wrap around myself as soon as I came out from the water.Even in regular clothes，I sometimes felt selfconsciouslike
29、 everyone was looking at how big I was and silently judging me.It was a little easier when I was around the people that I trusted.My friend Mary，had a pool in her back yard and sometimes she strongly advised me to go for a swim.Paragraph 1：One hot summer day，my heart was becoming cold as I pulled in
30、to Dirks driveway. Paragraph 2：Hearing her words，I found a huge burn mark running through her entire back. 参考范文Paragraph 1：One hot summer day，my heart was becoming cold as I pulled into Dirks driveway.Her sweet and thin sister，Casey，was there.When Mary and Casey were ready to get in the pool，I still
31、 didnt get changed.Mary，always the straight talker，rolled her eyes and looked at his sister.“She doesnt want to be in front of you in her swimsuit.” she told her.Casey thought for a while and walked over to me，saying，“There is nothing we should fear.Look at my back.”Paragraph 2：Hearing her words，I f
32、ound a huge burn mark running through her entire back. She smiled and said that there was nothing that should be hidden.And then she jumped into the pool and swam slowly with the mark appearing and disappearing.For years I had been avoiding my favorite activity in front of others because I was afraid of the way other people would look at me.However，Caseys sincere smile and words encouraged me.I got changed and joined them.A few weeks later，I got up the courage to go to the lake and I kept swimming there every day.