四川省成都石室中学2020-2021学年高三英语12月一诊试题（含解析）.doc

1、四川省成都石室中学2020-2021学年高三英语12月一诊试题（含解析）满分 150 分 考试时间：120 分钟第 I 卷第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.答案是 C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who wants to b

2、orrow a camera?A. Mary.B. Jane.C. Alice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Hi, could you lend me the digital camera, David?M: Hi, Alice. Id like to, but it belongs to Jane.W: Well, in that case, Ill borrow one from Mary.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man doing?A. Attending an appointment.B. Discussing a person.C. Ap

3、plying for a position.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Good afternoon. Im Robert Anderson. Mrs. Brown agreed to meet me here, and talk about some details of our cooperation. Is she in?W: Yes, she is. Shes been waiting for you in the office. Please come in.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where are the two speakers talking?A. In

4、 a shop.B. In a bank.C. In a cinema.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Good morning. May I help you, sir?M: Yes. Could I change these pounds for dollars, please?W: Do you want small bills or large ones?M: Both will do.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How long did Eric stay abroad in all?A. 9 days.B. 11 days.C. 16 days.【答案】C【解析】【原

5、文】W: Eric, could you tell me something about your trip to Europe?M: Sure. We spent 4 days in England, 5 days in Italy, and finally one week in France. Most of the journey, we were absorbed with the fascinating sights and views.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why will Mr. Rogers be off work next week?A. To make

6、 his holiday.B. To attend a wedding.C. To travel on business.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Its said that Mr. Rogers will be out of work next week.M: Yes, exactly.W: For what? To take a holiday or go on business?M: Neither. Hes travelling to see his niece. Shes getting married next Tuesday.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 1

7、5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. Why is Jane unhappy?A. David fell in love with her.B. She met problems with math.C. Kevin made up stories about her.7. What is the probable re

8、lationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Boss and employee.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】【原文】W: Hello, sir. Could you spare me a minute?M: Sure, Jane. You look upset. What happened?W: Well, you know, its Kevin. He is telling everyone that David and I are in love. But we ar

9、e not. We are just a study pair. You know I help him with his English and he helps me with my math.M: Oh. I was going to tell you that you have made great progress in math. That explains. Dont worry. Ill talk to Kevin tomorrow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. When does the conversation most pro

10、bably take place?A. On Monday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Saturday.9. What makes the newly-opened restaurant popular?A. Good position.B. Special foods.C. Music show.10. When will the music be over?A. At 8.B. At 9.C. At 10.【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Kathy. Any plans for tonight?W: Not yet, Frank. I

11、was wondering where to go for dinner.M: But I thought you always eat at the school.W: Most of the time I do. But on weekends, Id like to go out. Any suggestions?M: Well, a new restaurant opened recently. I went there last Wednesday. Its so great.W: In what way?M: They offered food as well as music s

12、how.W: Music show?M: Yeah. You know, songs, dances.W: Sounds good. When does it start?M: At 8. And it will last an hour.W: How wonderful! Whats their menu like?M: They offer food of different kinds. You know, Japanese food, French food, Indian food W: Great. I like French food. I think Id better res

13、erve a table for 3 at 6, and then we can stay for the show.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. How did the woman get to know about third-hand smoke?A. From young smokers.B. From a newspaper article.C. From some smoking parents.12. Why does the man say that he should keep away from a baby?A. Hes j

14、ust become a father.B. He wears dirty clothes.C. He is a smoker.13. Whats the womans suggestion for smoking parents?A. Quit smoking.B. Stay outdoors.C. Clean clothes.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A【解析】【原文】W: Bob, Im sure you know about second-hand smoke.M: Of course, I do.W: But have you heard about third-han

15、d smoke?M: Third-hand smoke? Im afraid not. What is that then?W: Well, it is here in todays paper. Parents may think they are protecting children from second-hand smoke when they smoke outside their home or only when the children are not there. But now researchers are warning about what they call th

16、ird-hand smoke. When you smoke, dangerous matter from cigarettes get into your hair and clothing. As babies are the weakest, when you come to a baby, you pass it to the baby and increase the chances of disease in the baby.M: Is that so? In that case I have to say that I should never get close to a b

17、aby.W: Thats right. Actually all smoking parents should do the same or better give it up completely.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What does the woman say about the science book?A. Its of little value.B. Its in bad condition.C. Its an old edition.15. How much will the woman pay the man?A. $3

18、0.B. $23.C. $21.16. Why is the woman unwilling to buy more textbooks?A. Textbooks are changeable.B. Shes in financial trouble.C. She prefers new books.【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A【解析】【原文】M: Hey Susan, are you interested in buying some used books for school? You can really save some money that way.W: Well,

19、what do you have?M: Well, lets see. I have a science book called Todays World and I am selling it for 30 dollars.W: 30? Thats too expensive for a broken book like that.M: Maybe so, but I bought it for 60 and I wrote a lot of notes in the book that should help you with the class if you could read my

20、writing.W: What else are you selling?M: OK, I have an English writing textbook for 14 dollars, a maths book for 23 and a novel for only 7.W: Hmm.M: Its up to you. You know these things go fast.W: OK, Ill take the writing book and the novel. I need both of those for sure.M: No more text books?W: Not

21、now. Teachers are always changing their minds about textbooks.M: All right.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17 What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. His success in acting.B. His work experience.C. His regret for ignorance.18. How did the speaker feel on his arrival at Los Angeles?A. Discouraged

22、.B. Worried.C. Confident.19. What did he think of his career as an actor?A. Disappointing.B. Tiring.C. Interesting.20. What did he decide to do in the end?A. Say goodbye to movies.B. Turn to movie management.C. Be happy with small roles.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】M: Good morning, everyone. I

23、ts good to see you all here today. I believe some you once dreamed of becoming famous. I was one of you. Now Id like to share my story with you. As a young actor, I first arrived in Los Angeles in 1984. I saw the shining lights of the city as the plane landed and I felt excited as the first step tha

24、t would lead me to fortune got under way. I imagined that the development of my dream would move smoothly, and soon I would be one of the best-known faces on cinema screen throughout the world. I was confident in my first performance in 1986. I knew the lead role was perfect for me. I was anxious to

25、 become well-known. But when they offered me a small role, I saw that my plans for quick success had been ruined. Over the years I tried out for other roles, but I never got a good part. Sometimes I thought of giving up. Five years later, I found myself working in the offices of a movie company. And

26、 eventually I ended up as a manager of this company after years of hard work.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 AHaving given good responses to all questions, Thomas, with a perfect resume, failed his job interview last week. Christine, the man

27、ager responsible for the interview, showed an actual preference for Thomas but decided to offer the job to her second choice, adding that the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy”.“It was not until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was

28、the perfect person.” Christine admitted later. “What I didnt known at that time was that the candidates odd behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding. He was an Asian-American raised in a family where respect for those in authority was shown by turning away your eyes. I was just thrown off by

29、the lack of eye contact, not realizing it was cultural,” Christine says.As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces become more diverse, it is increasingly essential to expand our understanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions. Mindsets helps organizations and individuals

30、 see their own blind spots.Unexpected advantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult, employers who can have no personal biases have an obvious advantage. A real estate agent illustrates the positive influence of Mindsets“Coached by Mindsets for two weeks, I acquired how

31、to own a diversified workforceI employed people from different cultures and skill sets. When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Strategic power“An open

32、mind about diversity not only improves organizations from inside, it is profitable as well.” Such comment is from a customer service representative, who shows how an inclusive attitude can improve sales. It wasnt until her boss received Mindsets training that she was able to understand how important

33、 inclusiveness was to customer service. One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone. As a result, our customer base has increased.”Gender unawarenessGorden is an account executive who attended one of the workshops. “Throug

34、h some of the lessons, I discovered my personal bias.” he recalls. “I had a management position open in my department; and the two finalists were a man and a woman. Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite

35、 a bit of extensive travel. My assumption would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position, I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel. Thanks to the workshop, I have learnt to make decisions based on fa

36、irness.”21. Christines misjudgment about the candidate originated from .A. racial discriminationB. cultural differencesC. gender prejudiceD. physical appearance22. Which of the following statements will Gorden not agree with about Mindsets workshops?A. It helped him make fair decisions.B. It helped

37、him discover his personal bias about gender.C. It helped him think more highly of female candidates.D. It helped him successfully find candidates.23. According to the passage, what is Mindsets?A. A cultural exchange program.B. A personnel training company.C. A real estate agency.D. A non-profit orga

38、nization.【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要通过四个案例介绍了Mindsets帮助企业和个人认清在员工面试、聘用、选拔等方面的问题和误区。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What I didnt known at that time was that the candidates odd behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding.”（当时我所不知道的是，这位候选人的奇怪行为只是一种文化误解。）可知，Christine对候选人的误判源于文化差异。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文

39、章最后一段“Through some of the lessons, I discovered my personal bias.”（通过一些课程，我发现了我个人的偏见。）以及Gorden的回忆“Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel.”（如果我没有参加这个研讨会，我会自然而然地认为这个人是最佳候选人，因为这个职位

40、需要经常出差。）和“Thanks to the workshop, I have learnt to make decisions based on fairness.”（多亏了这个研讨会，我学会了在公平的基础上做决定。）可以看出，他摒除了性别偏见，做出了公平的决定以及成功地找到了应聘者，C选项（这让他更加看重女性候选人）没有提到。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。从全文所提及四个实例可以看出，Mindsets帮助企业和个人解决了在面试、招聘、服务升级、人才选拔等方面的问题，由此推知，Mindsets一个人员培训公司。故选B。BSeveral years ago, KenKeegan orga

41、nized a gathering in Las Vegas, with a group of architects involved, who were asked what it would take to design a public school which used 50 percent less energy, cost much less to build and obviously improved students learning. “I think half of them fell off their chairs,” Keegan says.Keegan is in

42、 charge of the management school facilities for Clark County, Nevada, a district roughly the size of Massachusetts. By 2028, 143,000 additional students will enter the already crowded public-education system. Keegan needs 73 new schools to house them. Four architecture teams have nearly finished des

43、igning primary school prototypes. With the intention of constructing their schools in 2019, the district will assess how well the schools perform before allowing the winners to conduct their designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.Green schools keep emerging all over, but in Clark County, which stands out

44、 for its vastness, such aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like more natural light for students go against the realities of a desert climate. “One of the biggest obstacles is getting the right site orientation,” Mark. Mc, a director at SH Architecture, says. His team recent

45、ly completed a high school in Las Vegas. “You have the same building, same set of windows, but if its orientation is incorrect and it faces the sun, it will be really expensive to cool.”Surprisingly, the man responsible for one of the most progressive green-design competitions has doubts about ideas

46、 of eco-friendly buildings. “I dont believe in the new green religion,” Keegan says, “Some of the building technologies that you put forward are impractical. Im only interested in those that work.” But he doesnt mind if some green features inspire students. He says he hopes to set up green energy sy

47、stems that allow them to learn about the process of harvesting wind and solar power. “You never know whats going to start the interest of a child to study math and science,” he says.24. What can be inferred from the architects reaction in Paragraph 1?A. Half of them lost balance in excitement.B. Dis

48、belief was obviously seen.C. Most of them expressed little interest.D. They burst into cheers.25. Which order of steps should be followed in carrying out the project?A. AssessmentConstructionDesign.B. AssessmentDesignConstruction.C. DesignConstructionAssessment.D. DesignAssessmentConstruction.26. Wh

49、at is the biggest challenge Clark County faces if they are to build green schools?A. The large size.B. Limited facilities.C. The desert climate.D. Poor natural resources.27. In Keegans opinion, the ideas of green schools are .A. questionableB. out of dateC. advancedD. practical.【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C

50、 27. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Keegan想要创办一所绿色学校的想法遭到了很多人的质疑，最后连自己也开始怀疑自己的设计要求。诚然，具有创新精神是好，但不切实际的想法并不能得以实现，一切还得从实际出发。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I think half of them fell off their chairs.”（我想他们中有一半是从椅子上摔下来的）可推知，建筑师们觉得Keegan的要求不可思议，难以置信。A为“激动得失去了平衡”，B为“怀疑显然是显而易见的”，C为“不感兴趣”，D为“突然大哭”，都不符合本意，故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Four a

51、rchitecture teams have nearly finished designing primary school prototypes. With the intention of constructing their schools in 2019, the district will assess how well the schools perform before allowing the winners to conduct their designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.”（四个建筑团队已经完成了小学原型的设计。为了在2019年建造他们

52、的学校，该学区将评估学校的表现，然后允许获胜者在50至70座新建筑中进行设计。）可知，工程的实施应按照“设计评估建设”的程序。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“such aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like more natural light for students go against the realities of a desert climate.”（这样激进的目标是困难的，因为设计要求，如为学生提供更多的自然光，与沙漠气候的现实相违背。）可知，建绿色校园的难题是沙漠气候，

53、而并非巨大的面积、有限的设施或贫瘠的自然资源，故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I dont believe in the new green religion.”（ 我不相信新的绿色宗教） , “Some of the building technologies that you get are impractical”（你提出的一些建筑技术是不切实际的）可知，Keegan对上面提到的计划感到怀疑。故选A。CNowadays, many of the worlds largest brewers (a company that produces beer) are using

54、new technologies to replace the disposable, plastic six-pack beer rings with more sustainable and recyclable materials.Though mostly being used in small test trials, full adoption could have a positive environmental impact, according to some experts. Carlsberg, the Danish brewer, for example, is usi

55、ng glue to adhere cans in a production method that would avoid using 1,200 tons of plastic yearly, or the equal of 60 million plastic bags, once fully adopted.For most consumers, the miserable image of a seagull, turtle, or some other aquatic creature trapped or killed by the plastic rings really ar

56、ouses their strong sympathy as well as their reflection on the plastic pollution issue. That is a part of the reason why brewers have zeroed in on plastic six-pack-ring packaging. Luckily, children are taught to cut up the rings to lessen the chance that an animal might choke itself to death.Develop

57、ed by E6PR (Edible Six Pack Ring) programme, which is led by another brewery called Saltwater, the rings made of waste wheat in beer production are now used by 35 brewers across the globe, including in Africa, Europe, and Australia. The final goal is to ensure that they can be eaten harmlessly by aq

58、uatic creatures or break down in nature within a matter of weeks rather than the years it will take for plastic.Giving up plastic straws and beer rings may help consumers feel better about their carbon footprint, but some experts say we should also focus on other efforts. Recycling rates in the U.S.

59、 stand at just over 34%. Glass, in which many brewers bottle their beer, can be difficult to recycle and transport. If brewers chose thinner glass, the improvement could prove even more beneficial to the environment than giving up plastic rings.However, there can be a risk that consumers may be more

60、 likely to litter, if they think the E6PR rings are less harmful. “The idea of creating something thats litter-friendly is an issue in my mind,” says Nina Goodrich, executive director of an environmental nonprofit organization, GreenBlue. “What we need in North America is a better system to encourag

61、e collection and sorting.”28. What does the underlined word “adhere” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. attach.B. grasp.C. select.D. stick.29. We can learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3 that .A. Carlsberg has completely relied on the use of glue to stick cans as a production method.B. It is the death of sea

62、animals that draws peoples attention to the plastic pollution problem.C. Children are taught to cut up the plastic rings to prevent the rings harming animals.D. Brewers have changed their packing materials due to the pressure from consumers.30. What is the authors attitude towards the E6PR rings?A.

63、Doubtful.B. Neutral.C. Supportive.D. Indifferent.31. Which statement is true about Nina Goodrich?A. She wishes to establish a collection and sorting system in America.B. She doesnt think the E6PR rings are harmful for aquatic animals.C. Her team has already produced some litter-friendly materials.D.

64、 She is in charge of a charity that works on protecting ocean environment.【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是世界上许多大的啤酒生产商正在使用新技术来代替一次性塑料啤酒捆绑环，以减少对水生生物和环境的危害。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据“.the Danish brewer, for example, is using glue to . cans in a production method ”（例如，丹麦啤酒制造商嘉士伯(Carlsberg)就在一种生产方法中使用

65、胶水来粘接易拉罐。）可知，是用胶水来封罐，adhere意为“粘住”。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Luckily, many children are taught to cut up the rings to lessen the chance that an animal might choke itself to death.”（幸运的是，许多孩子被教导要把塑料环切碎，以减少动物可能窒息而死的机会。）可知，孩子们被教导剪碎塑料环，以防止塑料环伤害动物。故选C 。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段作者在介绍E6PR rings的成分 (made of wast

66、e wheat)，使用范围和最终目标“The final goal is to ensure that they can be eaten harmlessly by aquatic creatures or break down in nature within a matter of weeks rather than the years it will take for plastic.”（最终目标是确保它们能在几周内被水生生物无害地吃掉，或在自然界中分解，而不是像塑料那样需要数年时间。）和文章最后一段第一句“Theres also the risk that if consumers

67、think their E6PR rings are less harmful, theyll be more likely to litter.”（还有一个风险是，如果消费者认为他们的E6PR环危害更小，他们就更有可能乱扔垃圾。）可知，还有一个风险是，如果消费者认为E6PR塑料环危害较小，他们就更有可能乱扔垃圾。所以，作者只是客观地介绍了E6PR 塑料环，作者对E6PR塑料环持中立态度。故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“What we need in North America is a better system to encourage collection and

68、 sorting.（我们在北美所需要的是一个更好的系统来鼓励收集和分类。）”可知，她希望在美国建立一个收集和分类系统。故选A 。DWhen weve got children, its typical of us to give careful thought to how much TV the children are watching and that theyre exposed to. Are we being overprotective about the effect reality TV is having on our child? The answer is “No”.

69、Or rather, theres increasing evidence that these programmes can have a profound influence on young people.A recent research indicates that some reality TV shows can be every bit as damaging for teenage girls as too many cartoons are for kids perhaps even worse. The truth is that reality TV is anythi

70、ng but reality but thats not necessarily what our children believe. A study for the Girl Scout Research Institute in the US found that eight out of ten girls aged between 11 and 17 who regularly watch reality shows believe these programmes describe real life. In fact, much of reality TV is a heavily

71、 manipulated view of whats really happening, and the worst of it strengthens the sort of female stereotypes women have spent decades trying to remove.Many of the women on reality TV shows are acting out lives as teenage mothers or drama queens. Strong, hard-working, purposeful young women with ambit

72、ions beyond their looks are rare in these programmes. Theres a widespread emphasis on the value of women being about how they look and dress, which gives young viewers the message that being a woman is all about style and appearance, not what you do or stand for.Cultural critic and writer Jennifer P

73、ozner describes reality TV as “the contemporary negative reaction against feminism”. Imran Siddiquee, Director of Social Media and Outreach, is concerned that these programmes show the worst stereotypes of womanhood and “normalize” them in what appear to be everyday settings. “ They offer such a lim

74、ited view of what it is to be a woman, and all over the world young girls are addicted to it,” he says.Siddiquee does recognize, however, that many girls themselves value reality TV. Some say it encourages them to think about situations different from their own. They also point out that some shows f

75、eature women running their own successful businesses. “Its important to acknowledge that there are some useful elements in reality TV,” Siddiquee says. “But many girls need to be inspired to think more critically about some aspects of these shows so theyre not manipulated by them and so their behavi

76、our doesnt change because of them.”We should encourage our children to be critical thinkers and help them develop their media literacy. Whether reality TV is changing our childrens views, or whether they are attracted to programmes that agree with their beliefs, its vital we recognize that their vie

77、wing habits could strengthen these unbalanced ideas.32. This passage is most probably intended for .A. Teenage girls.B. Parents.C. Media workers.D. General public.33. What is the problem with a reality TV show?A. It is too true to life for audience to believe in.B. Actors and directors lack a sense

78、of innovation.C. Its contents and views are rather artificial.D. It has caused controversies among teenagers.34. According to the Imran Siddquee, what should reality TV shows present?A. Genuine accounts of females and their work.B. Ways to gain more popularity among peers.C. Distinction between true

79、 life and TV dramas.D. Tips on how to become stylish young girls.35. What does the text mainly focus on?A. Situations where teenagers are attracted to certain TV programmes.B. Reality TV shows impact on young girls and parents guidance.C. The way to help children to have the habit of critical thinki

80、ng.D. The stereotypes of women on TV and audiences reaction.【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了一些真人电视节目输出的错误价值观和内容塑造了对女性的刻板印象和强调外在，忽视了女性内在美和独立奋斗的形象，会误导青春期少女。作者呼吁家长培养孩子面对这类内容要进行独立思考，而不是被塑造影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。由文章前两段可知，作者主要针对“we parents” “our children” 在说明当下的一些真人秀对年轻人，尤其是青春期少女的影响，希望家长能给与正确引导。所以这篇文

81、章的目标群体是家长们。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Many of the women on reality TV shows are acting out lives as teenage mothers or drama queens. Strong, hard-working, purposeful young women with ambitions beyond their looks are rare in these programmes.”（许多电视真人秀中的女性都扮演着少女妈妈或戏剧女王的角色。在这些节目中，身强力壮、勤奋上进、有远大抱负的年轻女性并不多见。）

82、和第四段“.these programmes show the worst stereotypes of womanhood and “normalize them in what appear to be everyday settings.”（这些节目展示了对女性最糟糕的刻板印象，并在似乎是日常的场景中将其“正常化”）”可知，第三、四两段集中论述真人秀的问题，内容充满了对女性的刻板印象解读，展现的都是女性美丽的外表，而不是一个女性应该有的独立和上进心，这种价值观是错误的，会误导女孩对于女性的认知。由此可知，真人秀的内容和观点是相当虚假的。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句

83、“They also point out that some shows feature women running their own successful businesses.”（他们还指出，一些节目以女性经营自己成功的企业为特色。）可知，一些节目展现的是成功的经营自己事业的女性，该段在说一些女孩对于这类节目的思考，也举出了不同于之前只注重女性外表的节目。换句话说，Imran Siddquee认为真人秀应该展现的是女性和她们的事业。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“A recent research indicates that some reality TV shows c

84、an be every bit as damaging for teenage girls as too many cartoons are for kids perhaps even worse. ”（最近的一项研究表明，一些真人秀节目对十几岁的女孩的伤害和太多卡通节目对孩子的伤害一样大，甚至可能更糟）和最后一段“We should encourage our children to be critical thinkers and help them develop their media literacy. ”（我们应该鼓励我们的孩子成为批判性思考者，并帮助他们发展媒体素养）结合全文内容

85、，可知首段，作者指出现在很多电视节目对年轻人有很大影响。同时最后一段作者指出，家长要帮助孩子养成批判性的思考习惯，因此文章大意是真人秀对年轻女孩的影响以及家长应如何指引。故选B。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Looking around the streets of London, youll definitely see many methods people use to move around. _36_Now theres a new addition: electric sc

86、ooters or escooters.This traditional childrens vehicle has become more complicated over the years. And now, with the addition of a small electric motor, its become a cheap and easy mode of transport. Scooting around town can be fun and doesnt involve much effort. _37_But considering accidents involv

87、ing this electric scooter in the U.K., questions are being asked about their safety and whether traffic laws should be changed.Many escooter riders in the U.K. broke the law. Some had been seen on pavements, and others on the road jumped red traffic lights, adding to the frustration of motorists stu

88、ck in traffic jams. In the U.K., the law states that riding one on the public highway or pavement is forbidden. Despite this, it seems the increasing popularity of escooters means they can be seen everywhere. _38_The U.K. government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is “revie

89、wing” the law. But its transport minister, Michael Ellis, has told the BBC that “Micromobility products are appearing in countries across the globe and are an exciting innovation, for which we know there is demand. _39_”_40_Despite the fact that some of them can exceed 30 mph, they sometimes only ha

90、ve one brake and no lights. However confident the rider may be, larger vehicles on the road make them unprotected. So it seems that more work needs to be done to give escooters a safe and legal space to travel in.A. The roads are already very crowded.B. Whats the best means of transport?C. People se

91、ldom see escooter accidents in the U.K.D. However, safety must always be our top priority.E. And now users are asking that regulations be changed.F. Theres no doubt that there are dangers of riding a twowheeled scooter.G. Its no wonder that its becoming increasingly popular in the world.【答案】36. A 37

92、. G 38. E 39. D 40. F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型交通工具电动滑板车兴起的原因及随之出现的安全问题等。【36题详解】根据首句中“Looking around the streets of London, youll see many methods people use to move around.”（环顾一下伦敦街道，你会看到人们有许多出行的方式。）可知，现在伦敦的街道上有许多种不同的出行方式，紧接着，空后又出现“Now theres a new addition: electric scooters or escooters.”（现在又增加了一种新

93、的出行方式电动滑板车。）现在又有新的出行方式了，空处应是承上启下，既说出了多种出行方式造成街道拥挤，又说明了空后会出现新的出行方式的原因，即伦敦街道已经很拥挤了。结合选项，可知A项“道路总是非常拥挤”符合语境，故选A。【37题详解】根据空处上文“And now, with the addition of a small electric motor, its become a cheap and easy mode of transport. Scooting around town can be fun and doesnt involve much effort. ”（现在加上一个电动小马

94、达，它是一种便宜方便的交通模式，在镇子里跑来跑去很有趣，而且也不费力。）可知，电动滑板车具有廉价便捷等诸多优势，而空后是“But considering accidents involving this electric scooter in the U.K., questions are being asked about their safety and whether traffic laws should be changed.”（但是考虑到在英国出现了有关于电动滑板车的事故，必须考虑它们的安全性和是否要改交通法。）与空前意思相反了，所以空处应该是还在讲它的好的一方面，结合选项G项“在

95、全球它变得越来越受欢迎并不足为奇”符合语境，故选G。【38题详解】根据上文“In the U.K., the law states that riding one on the public highway or pavement is forbidden. Despite this, it seems the increasing popularity of escooters means they can be seen everywhere.”（在英国，法律禁止在公路或人行道上骑行。尽管如此，日益流行的电动滑板车似乎随处可见。）可知，在英国，虽然法律禁止在公路或人行道上骑行但是日益流行的

96、电动滑板车似乎随处可见，因此，旧有的法律规定和电动滑板车的日益流行相互矛盾，由此推知，现在用户们要求改变法规，E项“并且现在使用者们要求改变规章制度”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据本段前两句“The U.K. government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is “reviewing” the law. But its transport minister, Michael Ellis, has told the BBC that “Micromobility products are appear

97、ing in countries across the globe and are an exciting innovation, for which we know there is demand. ”（英国政府正在研究他们怎么才能在路上被安全使用，并且重新审视法律，但是交通部部长Michael Ellis已经告诉BBC微型移动产品正在全球各国出现，且人们对这项创新有很大的需求。）可推知现在电动滑板的使用是势在必行了，结合下一段内容，可知，电动滑板使用也存在安全问题，所以空处这里应该是引出下文的安全性话题，结合选项，D项“不管怎么样安全必须处于我们的首要位置”符合题意，故选D。【40题详解】

98、根据设空后两句“Despite the fact that some of them can exceed 30 mph, they sometimes only have one brake and no lights. However confident the rider may be, larger vehicles on the road make them unprotected.”（尽管有些电动滑板车时速能超过30英里，但它们只有一个刹车，没有车灯。骑行者很自信，但路上更大交通工具让他们没有保护。）可知，尽管有些电动滑板车时速能超过30英里，但它们只有一个刹车，没有车灯，因此，人

99、们在驾驶电动滑板车的过程中存在危险。结合选项，F项“骑行着一个有着两个轮的电动滑板车是有危险的”符合语境，故选F。第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Gray was born on New Years Day in San Antonio. He weighed just three pounds and only had _41_on his head, face and parts of his legs

100、. The rest was _42_. Doctors have not been able to identify his condition.Since Gray was _43_heart rate reductions and not gaining weight, doctors considered _44_his life support. But his mother fought to have him moved to another _45_. Eventually, in April, he was taken to Texas Childrens Hospital-

101、the only place well equipped enough to _46_him.Against all odds, Gray is still _47_, unlike the only other two babies who had been _48_ with this condition in the US, _49_of whom survived very long.For the first try, the first of its kind in a child of this _50_and with this condition, doctors trans

102、planted skin onto Gray which had been grown by a pharmaceutical company that normally _51_skin to burn victims. The skin was grown using cells that doctors _52_from the babys ear.Gray currently weighs around 18 pounds. Doctors have taken off his pain medication and _53_his breathing tube. His condit

103、ion is slowly_54_and the family are counting down the days until he is _55_to go home. It is still _56_what condition Gray is suffering from, but the mother finally_57_her baby after the life-saving transplant.Compared with men, women are vulnerable, but mothers are _58_. A mothers love never change

104、s nor can it be _59_by anything. It was the mothers great and selfless love that gave the baby another _60_of cherry.41. A. hairsB. bonesC. skinsD. veins42. A. cutB. rottenC. lostD. missing43. A. exercisingB. experiencingC. practicingD. examining44. A. turning downB. turning offC. turning overD. tur

105、ning up45. A. destinationB. hospitalC. clinicD. department46. A. accessB. adoptC. adaptD. accept47. A. aliveB. positiveC. activeD. energetic48. A. bornB. concernedC. givenD. provided49. A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. none50. A. timeB. areaC. cityD. age51. A. promotesB. producesC. suppliesD. provides52

106、. A. collectedB. electedC. plantedD. cloned53. A. rejectedB. reformedC. reducedD. removed54. A. transformingB. developingC. improvingD. worsening55. A. demandedB. ensuredC. allowedD. accompanied56. A. unclearB. unusualC. obviousD. unique57. A. witnessedB. kissedC. heardD. cleaned58. A. kindB. wiseC.

107、 strongD. mild59. A. replacedB. transmittedC. purchasedD. transferred60 A. chanceB. mouthC. portionD. bite【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Gray出生时身上多处没有皮肤，医生原本想放弃治疗，但母亲极力坚持，Gray才在唯一一家愿意接受他的德克萨

108、斯儿童医院得以存活。文章通过这个故事告诉我们：母爱是伟大的、无可替代的。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只有3磅重，头上、脸上和腿上只有几处皮肤。A. hairs头发；B. bones骨头；C. skins皮肤；D. veins静脉，血管。根据下文“doctors transplanted skin onto Gray”可知，Gray天生只有在头上、脸上和部分腿上有皮肤。故选C。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剩下的部分缺失了。A. cut割下的；B. rotten腐烂的，腐败的；C. lost失去的，丢失的；D. missing丢失的，缺少的。根据上文“only had _1

109、_ on his head, face and parts of his legs.”可知，此处指Gray的剩余部位缺少皮肤。故选D。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Gray的心率下降，体重没有增加，医生考虑关闭他的生命维持系统。A. exercising锻炼；B. experiencing体验，经历；C. practicing练习；D. examining检查。根据“heart rate reductions and not gaining weight,”可知，此处指Gray饱受着疾痛之苦,用“经历”符合语境。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于Gray的心率下降，

110、体重没有增加，医生考虑关闭他的生命维持系统。A. turning down拒绝，调低；B. turning off关闭；C. turning over移交给，把翻过来；D. turning up出现，调大。根据下文“But his mother fought to have him moved to another _5_”可知，此处指医生看到Gray的情况，想放弃对他的治疗，所以关掉了维持他生命的设备。故选B。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的母亲竭力想把他转到另一家医院。A. destination目的地；B. hospital医院；C. clinic诊所；D. departme

111、nt部门。根据下文“he was taken to Texas Childrens Hospital”可知，此处是信息词hospital的词汇复现。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，在4月，他被送进了德克萨斯儿童医院，这是唯一一个设备齐全的、可以接收他的医院。A. access进入；B. adopt收养，采纳；C. adapt适合，适应；D. accept接受。结合语境可知，这家儿童医院设备齐全，可以收治Gray。故选D。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，Gray仍然活着，不像在美国出生时就患有这种疾病的另外两个婴儿，他们都没活多久。A. alive活着的

112、，有活力的；B. positive积极的；C. active主动的，活跃的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文中“_9_ of whom survived very long.”及语境可知，此处指Gray经历了这么多磨难还活着。故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，Gray仍然活着，不像在美国出生时就患有这种疾病的另外两个婴儿，他们都没活多久。A. born出生；B. concerned担心；C. given给；D. provided提供。根据语境可知，这两名婴儿和Gray情况相同，天生就患有这种疾病。故选A。【49题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，

113、Gray仍然活着，不像在美国出生时就患有这种疾病的另外两个婴儿，他们都没活多久。A. either（两者中的）任何一个；B. neither两者都不；C. both两者都；D. none三者以上都不。根据“Gray is still _7_ , unlike the only other two babies who had been _8_ with this condition in the US”可知，与Gray有相同疾病的两个婴儿都没有存活很长时间，“两者都不”的表达为neither。故选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为第一次尝试，在这个年段、这种情况下的儿童中，医生们将

114、皮肤移植到Gray身上，这是由一家通常为烧伤患者提供皮肤的制药公司培育的。A. time时间；B. area地区；C. city城市；D. age年龄。根据上文中“Gray was born on New Years Day”可知，Gray刚出生不久，所以此处指医院是首次给这个年龄的孩子做皮肤移植手术。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为第一次尝试，在这个年段、这种情况下的儿童中，医生们将皮肤移植到Gray身上，这是由一家通常为烧伤患者提供皮肤的制药公司培育的。A. promotes促进；B. produces生产；C. supplies供应；D. provides提供。根据语境

115、可知，这家医药公司是给烧伤患者提供皮肤的，supply sth. to sb.“给某人提供某物”。虽然provide也表提供，但固定搭配为provide sth. for sb.。故选C。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生从婴儿的耳朵上采集细胞，培育出皮肤。A. collected收集；B. elected选举；C. planted种植；D. cloned克隆。根据语境可知，医生从Gray的耳朵上釆集到了细胞，医药公司借助这些细胞生成皮肤。故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生已经取下了他的止痛药并取下了他的呼吸管。A. rejected拒绝；B. reformed改革；C

116、. reduced减少；D. removed去除，移动。根据上文中的“Gray currently weights around 18 pounds. Doctors have taken off his pain medication”可知，Gray的情况有所好转，所以医生停了他的止痛药物，移除了他的呼吸设备。故选D。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的病情正在慢慢好转，他的家人正在倒计时，等待他获准回家。A. transforming使改变；B. developing发展；C. improving提高，改善；D. worsening使变得更差。根据下文的“the family are

117、 counting down the days until he is 15to go home.”可知，家人在盼着他回家，由此推知Gray的情况正在好转。故选C。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的病情正在慢慢好转，他的家人正在倒计时，等待他获准回家。A. demanded要求；B. ensured保证，确保；C. allowed允许；D. accompanied陪伴。根据语境及常识可知，Gray的家人在倒数着医院允许他出院的日子。故选C。【56题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gray的病情目前还不清楚，但这位母亲在接受了这一救命的器官移植手术后，终于亲吻了自己的孩子。A. uncl

118、ear不清楚的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. obvious明显的；D. unique独一无二的。根据语境可知，医生们还没有弄清楚这种病症的相关情况。故选A。【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gray的病情目前还不清楚，但这位母亲在接受了这一救命的器官移植手术后，终于亲吻了自己的孩子。A. witnessed目击；B. kissed接吻；C. heard听说；D. cleaned打扫，清洁。结合上下文可知，此处是指Gray的妈妈终于可以在大面积地进行皮肤移植之后亲吻自己的孩子。故选B。【58题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与男人相比，女人是脆弱的，但母亲是坚强的。A. kind善良

119、的；B. wise明智的；C. strong强壮的，坚强的；D. mild温和的。根据上文中的“but”可知，此处应与上文中的“vulnerable”形成对比转折关系，即女本脆弱，为母则刚。C项意为“坚强的”，符合语境。故选C。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲的爱永远不会改变，也无法用任何东西代替。A. replaced代替；B. transmitted传输，输送；C. purchased购买；D. transferred转换，转变。结合常识可知，母爱是不可替代的。故选A。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是母亲伟大而无私的爱，给了婴儿再一次机会。 A. chance机会；B.

120、 mouth嘴；C. portion部分；D. bite少量食物，（咬下的）一口。此处为固定表达another bite of cherry“再一次机会”。故选D。 第 II 卷第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses _61_(claim) that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even a ref

121、erence to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I dont know whether to laugh _62_cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear. Of course it is clear that students _63_go t

122、o England to learn English have a great advantage _64_others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach _65_(they) at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alon

123、e produces good _66_(pronounce) and intonation.Most teaching is still _67_(base) on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and _68_(encourage) them to make sentences. If we _69_(be) parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of

124、theorists seem to think _70_is a pity that we arent, because it would make it easier to use their methods.【答案】61. claiming 62. or 63. who/that 64. over 65. themselves 66. pronunciation 67. based 68. encouraging 69. were 70. it【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一名教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但学英语并非广告中说的那么轻松。【

125、61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我每天都在报纸上、公共汽车上看到各种广告，声称学英语容易又快。分析句子可知谓语动词为see，claim在句中应用非谓语动词形式，claim与逻辑主语advertisements之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词表主动，故填claiming。【62题详解】考查连词。句意：当我看到这样的广告时，我不知道是该哭还是该笑。根据whether可知此处使用的是固定搭配whether . or .，表示“是还是”，故填or。【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当然，很明显，去英国学习英语的学生比其他人有很大的优势，但太多的人负担不起这样做。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，

126、先行词是students(学生)，指人，可用关系代词who/that代替先行词，作从句的主语，故填who/that。【64题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：当然，很明显，去英国学习英语的学生比其他人有很大的优势，但太多的人负担不起这样做。根据have a great advantage可知此处为固定短语： have a great advantage over sb. 表示比某人更占优势，符合句意，故填over。【65题详解】考查代词。句意：有些人则走到了相反的极端，认为他们可以在家里用字典自学。由句意以及动词teach可知此处应填反身代词，teach oneself表示“自学”，故填themsel

127、ves。【66题详解】考查名词。句意：但是，如果认为英语中的每个单词在另一种语言中都有精确的对等词，那就错了，更不用说产出良好的发音和语调了。由形容词good与并列连词and后的intonation(语调)可知此处应填名词pronunciation(发音)作并列宾语，故填pronunciation。【67题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：大多数教学仍然是基于行为主义心理学。由系动词is与介词on可知此处为固定搭配be based on ，表示“以.为基础”，符合句意，故填based。【68题详解】考查动名词。句意：行为主义者喜欢让学生重复短语，鼓励他们造句。由and可知，encourage应与mak

128、ing并列，作are fond of 的宾语，所以应使用动名词形式，故填encouraging。【69题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，这些方法可能会成功。由if和句意可知此处虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况，时态用一般过去时，be动词用were，故填were。【70题详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：许多理论学家似乎认为我们不是，这很可惜，因为这将使他们的方法更容易使用。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句“we arent”，所以应使用it做形式主语，故填it。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每

129、小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 It is the common phenomenon nowadays there are some persons disobeying traffic r

130、ules on the road. Whats worse, many a person always litter here and there in the streets, that is of our great concern. I have some specific ideas to share when it comes to handle these problems. I will observe traffic rules whenever Im on my way to school. First and foremost, never will I cross a r

131、oad until the traffic light turned green. Secondly, I will always use the zebra crossing. Thirdly, I will never throw rubbish and spit on the road. Equally important, its necessary to everyone to increase awareness of safe travel. As the saying goes, “Many hands make light work.” Therefore,lets join

132、 hand to obey traffic rules, which will matter a lot.【答案】1.thea2.nowadays后加that3.litter litters4.that which5handle handling6.turned turns7.and or8.Important Importantly9.to for10.hand hands【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是现如今很多人在街上扔垃圾已经成为一种普遍现象，不遵守交通规则也成为常态等问题，作者通过介绍自己保护环境，不乱扔垃圾，遵守交通规则的几种举措，来呼吁人们携手爱护环境，遵守规则。

133、【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：如今，有些人在道路上不遵守交通规则是一种普遍现象。由句意可知此处表示泛指“一种普遍现象”，common为辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a，故将the改为a。2.考查主语从句。句意：如今，有些人在道路上不遵守交通规则是一种普遍现象。分析句子结构，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，that不可省略，故在nowadays后加that。3.考查主谓一致。句意：更糟糕的是，许多人总是在街上乱扔垃圾，这是我们非常关心的问题。many a +可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数，故将litter改为litters。4.考查定语从句。句意：更糟糕的是，许多人总是在街上

134、乱扔垃圾，这是我们非常关心的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处包含一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为整个主句内容，所以应用which引导该从句，that不可用于引导非限定性定语从句，故将that改为which。5.考查非谓语动词，句意：在处理这些问题时，我有一些具体想法要分享。由固定搭配when it comes to ”中的to为介词可知，此处应接动名词作宾语，故接handle改为handling。6.考查时态。句意：首先也是最重要的一点是，在交通灯变绿之前我绝不会过马路。由语境可知此处描述客观情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语the traffic light为单数，谓语动词用单数，故将turned改为

135、turns。7.考查连词。句意：第三，我绝不会在路上扔垃圾或吐痰。由never可知本句为否定句，在否定句中用or连接两个并列成分，故将and改为or。8.考查副词。句意：同样重要的是，每个人都有必要提高安全出行的意识。分析句子结构结合句意可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，所以应将形容词important改为副词形式，故将Important改为Importantly。9.考查介词。句意：同样重要的是，每个人都有必要提高安全出行的意识。此处使用的是固定句型“It is necessary for sb to do sth”表示“做某事对某人来说是有必要的”，故将to改为for。10.考查名词

136、复数。句意：因此，让我们携起手来遵守交通规则，这很重要。表示“携手”应用固定短语“join hands”，不止一只手，应使用名词的复数形式，故将hand改为hands。第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)72. 雾霾天气成为困扰很多城市的环境问题，引起了人们的广泛关注。请你就此写一篇小短文：1. 分析雾霾天气形成的原因（至少两点）；2. 提出解决的办法；3. 号召大家关注城市环境问题。注意：1.字数 100 字左右 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。提示词汇: 雾霾天气 haze weather_【答案】One possible version:In recent years, haze wea

137、ther has become an environmental issue worrying so many cities, which triggers widespread concern about air quality. There are mainly two contributory factors behind haze. First, quantities of harmful fumes are discharged from factories, spreading in the sky and blocking the sunlight. Second, since

138、the number of cars in the city has enormously increased, exhaust emission is gradually becoming another main factor contributing to haze.Faced with such a serious situation, we must take effective measures accordingly. For instance, new laws and regulations must be passed to impose strict controls o

139、n industrial pollution. Besides, to set some limits on drivers going out too frequently or tax them if they travel a long time, say, more than five days a week.To improve our living conditions, lets join hands to attach great importance to the environmental problems of our city.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要

140、求考生写一篇小短文，介绍困扰很多城市环境问题的雾霾天气，引起了人们的广泛关注的状况，并提出解决办法。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时,部分可用一般将来时等。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 分析雾霾天气形成的原因（至少两点）；2. 提出解决的办法；3. 号召大家关注城市环境问题。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）haze weather; an environmental issue; quantities of ； the number of ; take effective measure

141、s; ; set some limits on; attach great importance to; contribute to; faced with第三步：连词成句1. In recent years, haze weather has become an environmental issue worrying so many cities, which triggers widespread concern about air quality. 2. There are mainly two contributory factors behind haze.3. First, qu

142、antities of harmful fumes are discharged from factories, spreading in the sky and blocking the sunlight.4. Second, since the number of cars in the city has enormously increased, exhaust emission is gradually becoming another main factor contributing to haze.5. Faced with such a serious situation, we

143、 must take effective measures accordingly.6. For instance, new laws and regulations must be passed to impose strict controls on industrial pollution.7. To improve our living conditions, lets join hands to attach great importance to the environmental problems of our city.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题

144、。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序： First, Second2.表并列补充关系： Besides, For instance连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 1. In recent years, haze weather has become an environmental issue worrying so many cities, which triggers widespread concern about air quality. (句中which非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Faced with such a serious situation, we must take effective measures accordingly.（非谓语动词过去分词作状语）高分句型3 To improve our living conditions, lets join hands to attach great importance to the environmental problems of our city.（非谓语动词作状语）