1、返回导航Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Section Using Language返回导航1 自主预习 2 合作探究 3 巩固提升 4 课 时 作 业 返回导航自 主 预 习返回导航.单词速记1_(n.)万有引力；重力2_(n.)卫星；人造卫星3_(n.)气候4_(vi.&vt.)碰撞；坠落5_(n.)宇宙飞船6_(n.&vt.)拉(力)；拖；牵引力7_(vi.&vt.)(使)浮动；(使)漂浮(n.)漂浮物gravity satellite climate crash spaceship pull float 返回导航8_(n.)生物学_(
2、n.)生物学家9_(adj.)温和的；文雅的_(adv.)温和地10_(n.)物理学家_(n.)物理学_(adj.)物理的；物理学的；体力的biology biologist gentle gently physicist physics physical 返回导航.补全短语1cheer up _2now that_3watch out for_4挡住(光线)_5突发；爆发_感到高兴；感到振奋 既然 密切注意；当心；提防 block out break out 返回导航.课文理解First 略读主旨1Match the general idea of every paragraph.Parag
3、raph 1_ AWe visited the moon in our spaceship!Paragraph 2_BWhen we got there，I wanted to exploreimmediately.Paragraph 3_ CBut returning to the earth was very frightening.Paragraph 4_DBefore we left，Li Yanping explained to me.themost powerful.ADBC返回导航2The passage mainly talks about_.Awhat the moon is
4、Bmy visit to the moonCthe difference between the earth and the moonDLi Yanping，my friend，who is an astronomerB返回导航Second 细读细节1The passage is mainly about _.Athe whole travel in Canada of the cousinsBwhat they have seen and done during the trip from Toronto to MontrealCthe cousins feelings during the
5、 tripDthe beautiful sights in Toronto and MontrealB返回导航2How did they know it was in fall in Canada？_AThe maple trees outside were red,gold and orange.BIt was so cold outside that people wore more clothes.CThere was frost on the ground.DBoth A and C.3If you want to enjoy Cantonese food,which city wil
6、l you prefer？_AToronto.BMontreal.CVancouver.DCalgary.AA返回导航4As we can see,the people in Montreal are _.AfriendlyBselfishCinterestingDindifferentD返回导航Third 精读语篇Last month，Li Yanping and I made 1._ trip to the moon in aspaceship.Litoldmethatthegravityforcewouldchangethreetimes.First,2._ we escaped the
7、 pull of the earths gravity，we were3._(push)backintoourseats.Closertothemoon，therewas4._(little)gravity.I5._(cheer)upimmediatelyandfloated6._(weight)around in our spaceship cabin.On the moon，my weightwas less than on the earth.Walking 7._(do)need a bit of practice now that gravityhad changed.After a
8、 while I got the hang 8._ it and we began to enjoy9._(our)But returning to the earth was very 10._(frighten)Wewatched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.a when pushed less cheered weightlessly did of ourselves frightening 返回导航合 作 探 究返回导航Other scientists believe that a comet cra
9、shed into the earth long ago andcaused the disappearance.其他科学家认为很久以前彗星与地球相撞导致(恐龙)灭绝。(2017全国高考卷)The Transition is now going through crash tests tomake sure it meets federal safety standards.这种转变正在通过碰撞测试以确保它能符合联邦安全标准。1crash vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落重 点 词 汇 返回导航crash vi.(商业)破产，失败；(政府)垮台n相撞(事故)；(飞机的)坠毁，迫降；撞击声，爆裂声He
10、witnessed a serious car crash today.Two cars crashed into each other and letout a loud crash.今天他目睹了一起严重的撞车事故。两辆车撞在了一起，发出了很大的爆裂声。返回导航英汉互译我看见一个物体从天空中坠落下来。I saw an object crash down from the sky.Look！The front part of the car is now totally out of shape due to the crash.瞧！因为撞车，这辆车的前部现在已经完全变形了。语法填空When
11、I saw the cars _(crash)on the road，a frightened feelingflashed across my mind.crash 返回导航(1)v.拉；拖；扯；吸引You push and Ill pull.你推；我拉。(2018北京高考)After hours in the cold and wet,he reached inside and pulledthe wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact the driver.又冷又湿几个小时之后，他到里面拉出钱包希望找到某个身份证那么他就
12、能联系到那个司机。(2017全国高考卷)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages.蒸汽机被用来拖拉车厢。The basketball game pulled a great crowd.这场篮球赛吸引了一大群人。2pull返回导航(2)n.拖；拉；扯；吸引One more pull will bring the car out of the ditch.再拉一下就能把汽车从沟里拉出来。He gave my hair a pull.他拉了一下我的头发。The pull of the city was hard to resist.都市的魅力难以抗
13、拒。返回导航pull off 脱(衣、帽等)pull through 康复；完成；使渡过难关pull on 匆忙穿戴(袜子、手套等)pull in(火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠pull out 离站；抽出；取出pull down 拆毁(建筑物)；贬低(人)The train has already pulled in.火车已经进站了。返回导航Pull off your gloves quickly.快摘下你的手套。I pulled out my phone to read a text message from my mom.我拿出手机读妈妈发的短信。返回导航pull 的近义词为：dr
14、ag；反义词：push。返回导航用pull短语填空It is easier to _ than to build up.Hell soon _ in the hospital.He waited several minutes for a car to _ alongside.语法填空(2019北京卷)Just as in a game of tugofwar(拔河比赛)，whenever a personis added，everyone else _(pull)the rope with less force.(2017浙江高考卷)He _(pull)in front of it as t
15、he wolf wascatching up fast，just a dozen yards away now.pull down pull through pull up pulls pulled 返回导航(1)浮动；漂浮；飘动；飘移Beautiful music came floating out of the window.美妙的乐声从窗口传出。(2)浮；漂浮A plastic bag was floating in the water.一个塑料袋在水中漂浮。(3)使浮动；使漂流We waited for the tide to float the boat off the sandba
16、nk.我们等待涨潮，让潮水把船浮起离开沙滩。3float v.返回导航(4)轻盈走动；飘然移动She floated down the steps to greet us.她轻盈地下楼来迎接我们。返回导航汉译英没有足够深的水使船漂浮起来。There wasnt enough water to float the ship.空气中飘浮有许多灰尘。There is much dust floating in the air.语法填空(2017江苏高考卷)His notforprofit organization runs 100 river boats thatserve as _(float)l
17、ibraries，schools，and health clinics.解析：句意：他的非营利性组织经营着100条船作为浮动的图书馆、学校和医疗门诊。floating 返回导航As a result of this event，a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking outthe sunlight.因此，天空中形成的大量灰尘层阻挡住了太阳光线。We put a piece of cloth across the window to block out the sunlight.我们把一块布横挂在窗子上遮住阳光。1block out挡住(光线)
18、；涂抹重 点 短 语 返回导航(1)block out还可表示“忘掉，抹去；草拟，画的简略图”等。Over the years she had tried to block out that part of her life.多年来，她努力想把生命中的那段经历从记忆中抹去。Ill just block out the main buildings.我将仅把主要建筑的草图勾画出来。(2)block off(用路障)封锁，堵住；阻挡block up塞住；封住(孔、洞)block ones way 挡住某人的去路返回导航No road has been blocked off by the poli
19、ce when our president inspects anycity.当我们的总统视察任何城市时，不用警察封锁任何道路。A huge stone blocked the drivers way，so he had to find another one.一块巨石挡住了司机的路，他只好另找出路。返回导航用block的适当短语填空That wall _ all the light.Youd better _ that hole in the wall;its letting the cold in.The police _ the street where the gunman was h
20、iding.blocks out block up blocked off 返回导航So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower forthe lady to cheer her up.因此，我们走到卖花者面前，问她我们能否为这位女士买朵花让她高兴。Give Mary a call；she needs cheering up.给玛丽打个电话，她需要安慰。2cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴起来返回导航(1)cheer.on为鼓气，为喝彩/加油(2)cheer n欢呼声 vt.欢
21、呼；喝彩cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的cheerfully adv.高兴地(3)cheers(用于祝酒)干杯；再见A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to cheer them on.1 000名支持者挤进体育场里为他们加油。They are both very cheerful in spite of their colds.他们俩虽然感冒了，可都兴高采烈。返回导航感到高兴的cheer返回导航用cheer的适当形式填空(2019全国卷I)All the football players on the playgro
22、und_ loudly,saying that I had a talent for football.When she saw Tom，she greeted him _.He is _ in spite of his illness.完成句子_(高兴起来)！Our troubles will soon be over.(天津高考)Cathy didnt expect any award but was still there to _(加油)her friends.cheered cheerfully cheerful Cheer up cheer on 返回导航Now that ther
23、e is a new tunnel，the road is less dangerous.既然有了一个新的隧道，这条路就不那么危险了。3now that既然返回导航(1)now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，其中的that可以省略。(2019天津卷)Yet,now that Im growing and the world I once knew as being sosimple is becoming more complex,I find myself needing a way to escape.然而，既然我正在成长，我曾经知道得如此简单的世界正变得更加复杂，
24、我发现自己需要一种逃避的方法。(2)引导原因状语从句的其他连词：since，because，considering(that)，inthat，as等。Now(that)it benefits us so much，why not have a try?既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不试一试呢？返回导航完成句子既然你已经决定去做，那么你就应该把它做好。_，you should do it well.既然这个问题已经解决，让我们进入下一个吧。_，lets come to the next.既然你发现了你的计划有问题，为什么不改变主意呢？Why not change your mind,_ you
25、 have found that there is somethingwrong with your plan?Now that you have decided to do it Now that the problem has been settled now that 返回导航We watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as theearths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。4break out突发；爆发返回导航不被动的break
26、outbreak out强调战争、疾病、火灾等的突然爆发，一般不用于被动语态。After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged.实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁。返回导航break down出故障；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解break in破门而入；打断(谈话等)break into强行闯入；突然起来break away from脱离；挣脱The computer broke down suddenly while he was searching for information onthe Internet.当他在电
27、脑上查找信息时，电脑突然出故障了。返回导航图记break短语返回导航用break的适当短语填空(2017浙江高考卷)Her friends came to help her when the war _.The thief _ my house and stole my money.Our plans have _ due to the bad management.The prisoner _ the policemen and escaped.broke out broke into broken down broke away from 返回导航语法填空When the fire bro
28、ke _，many people were shopping in thesupermarket.解析：句意：当火灾发生时，很多人正在超市里购物。break out“(战争、火灾、疾病等的)突然发生”。Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break _ indisasters.解析：句意：当无线网络在灾难中出故障的时候，老式手机就派上用场了。break down“(机器等)坏了；出毛病了；(人)身体垮了；失败；分解。”out down 返回导航Youll be cheated if you dont watch out.你如果不提
29、防会受骗的。Watch out for the haze；it may do great harm to us.当心这种雾霾天气，它可能对我们造成很大损害。5watch out for密切注意；当心；提防返回导航(1)watch over照看；看守(2)look out注意；当心 take care注意；当心be careful注意；当心 keep a watch守望；注视There must have been an angel watching over me that day.那天一定有个天使在照看着我。返回导航返回导航完成句子_ anybody trying to come in th
30、is way.对任何以这种方式来的人都要注意。Youll lose your figure if _如果不多加注意，你就会失去苗条身段。Will you _ the baby while Im out?我外出时你照料这个婴儿好吗？The police are _ his movement.警方密切注视着他的动向。Watch out for you dont watch out.watch over keeping a watch on 返回导航(1)此句为复杂的简单句。(2)名词短语an astronomer在句中作my friend Li Yanping的同位语。1Last month I
31、was_lucky_enough_to have a chance to make a trip intospace with my friend Li Yanping，an astronomer.上个月，我有幸得到一个机会和我的朋友李彦平，一位天文学家，一起到太空旅行。经 典 句 式 返回导航(3)句 中 .enough to.是 一 个 固 定 句 式，意 为“足 够 以 至 于 可以”。enough往往放在它所修饰的形容词或副词之后，动词不定式用作结果状语。His family is not rich enough to afford the expensive tuition.他的家庭
32、不够富有来支付高昂的学费。(2019全国卷I)The school uniforms are fine,but not special enough to give aunique Chinese flavour.校服很好，但不够特别，不足以给人一种独特的中国风味。返回导航完成句子Therewere20studentschosentogoabroadtostudy，andI_ be one of them.有二十个学生被选出到国外学习，我很幸运地成为其中一个。I dont know him well _.我和他不够熟，不便请他帮忙。was lucky enough to enough to a
33、sk him for help 返回导航(1)这是一个含有连词but的并列句。第一分句中含有when引导的时间状语从句，第二分句中含有“as.as.”句式。(2)as.as.意 为“像 一 样”，此 结 构 用 于 否 定 可 用“notas/so.as.”；和单数可数名词连用时，常用“asadj.a/an名词as”。2When we get_closer_to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths.当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉
34、我们，但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。返回导航They dont work as/so hard as those in that class.他们不如那个班的学生勤奋。He is as clever a boy as his brother.他和他的哥哥一样是个聪明的男孩。返回导航对比填空Mary is _ Daisy.玛丽和戴西一样漂亮。Mary is _ Daisy.玛丽和戴西一样是个漂亮的女孩。as beautiful as as beautiful a girl as 返回导航(1)此句为主从复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句；主句谓语found之后的宾语从句省略连接词tha
35、t。(2)twice as far as.为倍数表达形式，意为“是的两倍远”；as far as.意为“远到”。Zheng He sailed as far as Madagascar off the coast of Southeast Africa.郑和航海远达非洲东南海岸旁的马达加斯加岛。3 ButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarriedtwice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。返回导航倍数表达法(1)倍数(a quarter，
36、half，twice，three times，etc.)as.as.；倍数asmuch/many名词asThis bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍。Your room is twice as large as mine.你的房间是我的两倍大。He received three times as many presents as he had expected.他收到的礼物是他预料的三倍。返回导航(2)倍数adj./adv.的比较级than；倍数more名词thanAsia is three times larger
37、than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。(3)倍数the size/length/width/depth/height/amount of.This river is a quarter the length of that one.这条河是那条河的四分之一长。(4)倍数whatclauseThe production now is three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是10年前的三倍。(5).by倍数.Compared with that of last year，our coal output has increased by 3 times.与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3倍。返回导航返回导航完成句子This rope is twice _ that one.这根绳子比那根绳子长两倍。Asia is four times _ Europe.亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。This street is four times _ of that street.这条街是那条街的四倍长。longer than as large as the length 返回导航巩 固 提 升返回导航课 时 作 业返回导航
