1、高考英语短文填空考点讲解与真题分析专题15形容词和副词I形容词形容词是给出的提示词，要求用其正确形式填空。对形容词的考查主要有：1）变副词；2）变名词；3）变比较级或最高级。1. 变副词 如果空格处在句子中作状语，修饰形容词，副词，谓语动词或整个句子，则在空格处填入副词。这种情况是考查的重点。1. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _ (poor) studied. (2019全国I)【答案】poorly【解析】句意：很难弄清北极熊在全球的
2、数量，因为北极熊活动的大部分区域都没有进行仔细研究。修饰谓语has been studied，应用副词作状语，故填入形容词poor的副词形式poorly。2. Her years of hard work have _ （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year. (2019全国II)【答案】fianlly【解析】句意：在一个顾客提名她为切斯特年度最佳妇女后，她多年的努力最终得到了回报。这里作状语，修饰谓语动词，故用副词。final的副词形式是final
3、ly。3. They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were _(huge) popular with tourists. (2019全国III)【答案】hugely【解析】句意：他们还和我们分享了很多有关夏威夷的故事，游客们非常喜欢夏威夷。形式形容词popular，用副词，故填hugely。4. When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _ (easy) see them
4、. (2019浙江)【答案】easlily【解析】句意：当孩子们在黑暗的黎明走路或骑车去上学的时候，轿车司机能很容易看见他们。修饰动词，应用副词，故填入easily。5. A taste for meat is_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. （2018全国II）【答案】actually【解析】句意：人们对于大肉的喜爱实际上是这种变化的幕后推手：很重要的一部分玉米用来喂鸡，猪和牛。这里作状语，修饰谓语动词is，应用副词。a
5、ctual的副词形式是actually。6. Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.（2017全国II）【答案】fairly【解析】句意：用蒸汽机来牵引车厢，对乘客来说，蒸汽机放出的黑烟和发出的噪音一定很不舒服。这里作状语，修饰形容词unpleasant，应用副词。fair的副词形式是fairly。7. It is _ (certain) fun but the
6、 lifestyle is a little unreal. （2017全国III）【答案】certainly【解析】句意：这当然很有趣了，但是这种生活方式有点不真实。这里作状语，修饰谓语动词is，应用副词。certain的副词形式是certaily。8. The title will be _ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.（2016全国I）【答案】officially【解析】句意：这一职务将在伦敦一个仪式上授予我。这里作状语，修饰谓语will be given，应用副词。official的副词形式是officially。9.
7、Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks _ (regular).（2016全国II）【答案】regularly【解析】句意：最新研究表明，如果我们工作的时候有规律地休息一会，我们的工作效率会更高。这里作状语，修饰谓语take，应用副词。regular的副词形式是regularly。10. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which_ (gradual) turned into chopstic
8、ks.（2016全国III）【答案】gradually【解析】句意：小块的食物容易用树枝加着吃，这些树枝慢慢地就变成了筷子。修饰谓语turned，应用副词。gradual的副词形式是gradually。2. 变名词 如果空格处在句子中作主语，宾语或表语，则将给出的形容词变成名词填入空格。将形容词变成动词最明显的特征是空格前有冠词或物主代词。In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _ (able) to “air condition” a house without
9、 using electric equipment.（2015全国II）【答案】ability【解析】句意：除了朴素的美，土坯房的绝妙之处还在于它们具有不用电器来调节房子气温的能力。空格前有物主代词their，应用名词。故填入able的名词形式ability。3. 变比较级或最高级 给出的提示词是形容词，且空格处在句子中作表语或定语，则将形容词变成比较级或最高级填入空格处。比较级最明显的特征是有比较连词than或空格前有程度副词much, even, still, far, a lot, a little等；最高级最明显的特征是有表示比较范围的of/in引起的介词短语。1. Scientist
10、s have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are _ (high) than they actually are. (2019全国I)【答案】higher【解析】句意：科学家根据记录回应称，饥饿的北极熊可能会聚集在人类居住区周围，使我们产生一种错觉，那就是北极熊的数量比要实际多。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级，故填入形容词high的比较级形式highe
11、r。2. There could be an even_(high) cost on your health. （2018浙江）【答案】higher【解析】句意：你的健康可能会承受更高的代价。这里作定语，修饰名词cost，由句意及程度副词 even可知，应用比较级。3. Even _ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.（2017全国I）【答案】warse【解析】句意：更糟糕的是，人们吃的快餐的量上升了。even worse意为“更糟糕的是”。4. If you feel stressed by responsibili
12、ties at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of _ (great) and less importance.（2016全国II）【答案】greater【解析】句意：如果你由于工作的责任而感到有压力，你就应该退一步弄清楚哪些更重要，哪些不那么重要。这里作定语，应用形容词；由less可知，应用比较级。5. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _ (clean) than ever.（2014全国I）【答案】cle
13、aner【解析】句意：终于，艰苦的努力获得了回报，现在河里的水比以前任何时候都干净。这里作表语，应用形容词；由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。 V副词给出的提示词是副词，则在空格处填入副词的比较级或最高级。这种情况最明显的特征是有比较连词than或有表示比较范围的of/in引起的介词短语。1. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _ (long) than non-runners. （2018全国I）【答案】higher【解析】句意：据一本健康期刊的证据摘要所说，跑步
14、的人比不跑步的人多活三年。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。2. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the _ (loud) of all.（2018全国III）【答案】loudest【解析】句意：那使婴儿尖叫起来，接着一个体重400磅的男人出现了。他尖叫声最大。由of all及空格前的定冠词the可知，应用最高级。3. Sixteen years _ (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal. (
15、2017浙江)【答案】earlier【解析】句意：早在十六年前，摘下钻石戒指准备做饭。 years earlier意为“在年前”。故填比较级。 注意牢记一些不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式：形容词：原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwellbadworseworstillmanymoremostmuchlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldest副词：原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfartherfarth
16、estfurtherfurthest巩固练习：1. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.（2015全国I）【答案】regularly【解析】句意：香港一家旅游公司Abercrombie & Kent说，它为居住在上海和香港的人们定期安排来这（阳朔）的快速自助游。修饰谓语arranges，应用副词。2. Walls made of adobe ta
17、ke in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. （2015全国II）【答案】slowly【解析】句意：土坯砌的墙在热天从太阳吸入热量，在凉爽的夜晚又慢慢地放出，这样就使房子暖和起来。修饰谓语give out，应用副词。3. The river was so polluted that it _ (actual) caught fire and burned.（2014全国I）【答案】actually【解析】句意：
18、河污染地如此严重以致于着火燃烧起来。修饰谓语caught，应用副词。4. And the passengers _（sudden） became friendly to one another .（2014全国II）【答案】suddenly【解析】句意：乘客们突然彼此友好起来。修饰谓语became，应用副词。5. His hard work and strong mind led to his _ (successful).【答案】success【解析】句意：他的艰苦努力和坚强意志使他走向成功。前有物主代词his，应用名词；successful的名词形式是success。6. I was ve
19、ry tired, but my heart was flying much_ (high) than the swings.【答案】higher【解析】句意：我累了，但是我的心比秋千飞得更高。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。7. One afternoon, while he was working in the field, _ (sudden) he heard a woman crying for help.【答案】suddenly【解析】句意：一天下午，他正在地里干活，突然听到一个女人呼救。作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词。8. The teacher often showed h
20、is paintings to the class and was _ (great) encouraged.【答案】greatly【解析】句意：老师经常把他的画让全班同学看，他受到了极大的鼓舞。作状语修饰谓语动词was encouraged，应用副词。9. Nothing can make him _ (happy) than playing with his little daughter in his free time.【答案】happier 【解析】句意：没有什么能比在闲暇时间和小女儿一块玩使他更开心的了。由比较连词than可知，应用比较级。happy的比较级是happier。10. What exactly is global warming, and why is it seen as a _ (dangerous)?【答案】danger 【解析】句意：全球变暖究竟是什么？为什么被认为是一种危险？由不定冠词a可知，应用名词形式。dangerous的名词形式是danger。