1、课时作业(二十一)必修Unit 1Great scientists.阅读理解A2019济南高考模拟 At 1,345 meters above sea level, Ben Nevis is definitely not the worlds most difficult mountain to climb. But things get considerably tricky if instead of hiking shoes you put on a pair of 5inch high heels, especially if youre a guy. One English teen
2、ager recently proved that it was not impossible.Ben Conway, a 19yearold art student from London, recently took up the challenge as a way to stand out in an application for a scholarship for the School of Communication Arts in Brixton. He started his unusual highheel climb at 8 am., on June 27, and w
3、as joined by Callum MacKenzie Allen, a friend from his art foundation year, who videotaped the whole thing for a twominute video that served as his application project. The whole climb took five hours and wasnt the smoothest experience.Halfway up Ben Navis, one of his shoes broke, so he had to tape
4、the shoes to his feet to make sure they stayed on. The weather didnt make it easy for him either, as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whole time, and he had to go against 40 to 50 miles an hour winds. Due to these difficult conditions, Ben and his friend had to turn back after reaching 900
5、meters up the mountain.Apart from providing a unique art school application project, the highheel climb also allowed the 19yearold to raise some money for worthy causes, like Sals Shoes, which provides footwear for barefoot children around the world.“Raising money for charity brings happiness to peo
6、ples lives and if I can do something ridiculous and bring someone happiness, then thats what its all about，” Ben said.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了19岁的英国学生Ben Conway穿5英寸(约13厘米)的高跟鞋爬海拔1 345米的本尼维斯山的故事。【长难句分析】The weather didnt make it easy for him either，as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whole time，and he h
7、ad to go against 40 to 50 miles an hour winds.分析：本句中The weather为主语；make it easy为“动词make宾语宾补”结构；as引导原因状语从句。译文：天气也并没有使他的爬山变得容易，因为他说天几乎一直在下雨，而且他不得不顶着每小时40到50英里的风前行。1What can replace the underlined word “tricky” in Paragraph 1?APleasant. BBoring. CTough. DSmooth. 答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“At 1,345 meters ab
8、ove sea level，Ben Nevis is definitely not the worlds most difficult mountain to climb”可知，海拔1 345米的本尼维斯山绝对不是世界上最难攀爬的山峰。根据画线词所在句中的“But”可知，前后句为转折关系，且根据前一句中的“difficult”及后一句中的“impossible”可知，画线词所在句表示，但是如果不是穿登山鞋而是穿一双5英寸的高跟鞋的话，特别是对一个男人来说，事情就相当难办了。因此画线词tricky的意思为“难办的，棘手的”，故选C项。【干扰项分析】A项pleasant“令人愉快的，舒适的”；B项
9、boring“枯燥的”；D项smooth“顺利的，光滑的”。2Why did Allen videotape the highheel climb for Ben? ATo prove nothing is impossible.BTo record a special experience.CTo promote their friendship.DTo assist in Bens application.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He started. was joined by Callum MacKenzie Allen，a friend from his art
10、foundation year，who videotaped the whole thing for a twominute video that served as his application project”可知，Allen录下Ben穿高跟鞋爬山的过程是为了协助Ben进行奖学金的申请，故选D项。3What does Paragraph 3 focus on?AThe difficulties in the climb.BThe climbing route.CThe terrible weather.DThe unexpected incident.答案与解析：A考查段落大意。根据第三
11、段中的“Halfway up Ben Navis，one of his shoes broke. The weather didnt make it easy for him either，as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whole time，and he had to go against 40 to 50 miles an hour winds.Due to these difficult conditions”可知，Ben在穿高跟鞋爬山过程中高跟鞋坏了一只、天几乎一直在下雨、顶着每小时40至50英里的风，因此第三段主要写的是Ben
12、在爬山过程中遇到的困难，故选A项。4What can best describe Bens story?APuzzling. BInspiring.CExciting. DFrightening.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。通读全文并根据第一段中的“One English teenager recently proved that it was not impossible”可知，Ben的故事向我们证明困难的事情是可以做到的，他的故事是鼓舞人心的，故选B项。B2019郑州质量预测Many years ago, people relied on the sun, the moon and sta
13、rs to find their way around. Later, the compass was introduced. And now, we have satnav (卫星导航) systems to guide us. A satnav system uses groups of satellites to show the users location. They send information to a receiver, such as a smart phone, to show us where we are.The earliest built satnav syst
14、em is the Global Positioning System, which belongs to the US. Then there is Russias Global Navigation (导航) Satellite System, the European Unions Galileo and Chinas own satellite navigation system, BeiDou.On October 14, 2017, an ARJ21700 plane, which was the first domesticallyproduced jet equipped wi
15、th the BeiDou navigation system, successfully completed a test flight. The results showed the performance of the system developed by China matches that of similar systems produced abroad, according to the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China.Since its introduction in 2000, the BeiDou navigation
16、system has seen increasing numbers of applications linked to everyday life, from shared bikes to farming.When it comes to shared bikes, smart locks that support BeiDou chips offer more accurate positioning than others, making it easier to find a bike.Farmers can use BeiDouenabled tractors to plow (犁
17、) the soil and use unmanned aircrafts with BeiDou to sow seeds, which can improve efficiency and make better use of resources. BeiDous farming applications have spread from Heilongjiang Province to Beijing, Liaoning, Shanxi, Hubei and other regions across China.With its many uses, the BeiDou navigat
18、ion system is even playing a big role in the Belt and Road (“一带一路”) construction. “To date, the BeiDou system has covered most parts of the AsiaPacific region, as well as countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，”said Yang Changfeng，chief designer of the Be
19、iDou system.Today, there are more than 20 BeiDou satellites above our heads, and China plans to launch even more this year to expand the BeiDou network to better serve the Belt and Road Initiative.“As BeiDou expands its overseas reach, it will be increasingly popular in the logistics(物流)industry，”sa
20、id Miao Qianjun，secretarygeneral of the navigation services association.“Ships，for example，can use it to position themselves while sailing across oceans to European countries，no longer limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near future.”【解题导语】本文是科技信息类说明文。作者主要介绍了中国的北斗卫星导航系统在生活中的运用，如共享单车、农业等。【长难句分析
21、】Ships，for example，can use it to position themselves while sailing across oceans to European countries, no longer limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near future.分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Ships，for example，can use it to position themselves; while sailing across oceans to European countries是一个时间状语从句；no l
22、onger limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near future是过去分词短语作状语。译文：例如，在不久的将来，轮船穿越海洋到欧洲国家的时候，它们可以利用它(北斗卫星导航系统)来给自己定位，不再局限于东南亚地区。5What is the purpose of the first two paragraphs?ATo compare some modern satnav systems.BTo describe the benefits of satnav systems.CTo tell us how satnav systems were
23、 created.DTo introduce some satnav systems and their functions.答案与解析：D考查写作意图。第一、第二段介绍了卫星导航系统的作用、简单的原理及全球主要的卫星导航系统，故答案是D。6What can we know about the BeiDou navigation system according to the article?AIt was used successfully in a new jet plane.BIt is more powerful than other satnav systems.CIt was in
24、troduced to China on October 14, 2017.DIt wasnt used in our everyday life until recently.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段首句“On October 14,2017，an ARJ21700 plane，which was the first domesticallyproduced jet equipped with the BeiDou navigation system，successfully completed a test flight”可知，一架装备有北斗卫星导航系统的喷气式飞机成功完成了
25、试飞，故答案是A。7According to the article，the BeiDou navigation system is already widely used for _.Aplowing the soil and sowing seedsBimproving the efficiency of networksCproducing more smart locks for shared bikesDnavigating ships across oceans to European countries答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Farmers can use.t
26、o sow seeds” “BeiDous farming applications have spread from Heilongjiang Province to Beijing，Liaoning，Shanxi，Hubei and other regions across China”可知，北斗卫星导航系统已经广泛运用于耕地、播种中，故答案是A。8What is Miao Qianjuns attitude toward the future of the BeiDou system?AWorried. BCasual.CPositive. DDoubtful.答案与解析：C考查推理判断
27、。根据题干中的关键词Miao QianJun定位到最后一段，根据该段首句“As BeiDou expands its overseas reach, it will be increasingly popular in the logistics (物流) industry，said Miao Qianjun, secretarygeneral of the navigation services association”可知，他认为，北斗卫星导航系统将会在物流业中越来越受欢迎，由此可推知，他对北斗卫星导航系统的前景是持积极乐观的态度的，故答案是C。.完形填空2019武汉调研Justin kn
28、ew there was only one way out of his neighborhoodbasketball. So he _1_ hard, running with the ball like the _2_ dogs were chasing (追逐) him. He could defeat any of the guys at the _3_， and he saw his way out and he ran for it.One day when Justin was playing basketball, he _4_ his right knee badly. Th
29、e doctor said he might never play _5_. Justin was extremely sad. Every day Justin just _6_ in bed, watching TV and eating potato chips. When he _7_ like a balloon, his sister came home from the university on holiday, bringing exciting _8_ of a faraway land called college.Justin was _9_ by the dorm s
30、tories and campus (校园) _10_ that she told, but he could _11_ believe any of them. It was as if she were telling him about some _12_ land high above the clouds.Justin was a pretty _13_ guy，but his sister had a way of _14_ him to do things that nobody else could. So while she was home during the _15_，
31、 they studied together, and they talked, and they worked, and Justin felt _16_ than he ever had before.After spending those _17_ with his sister，Justin realized that he didnt want to feel bad for himself any more, and he didnt want to quit. Basketball _18_ be his thing, but now there was only _19_.
32、Using the study skills Justin had acquired from his sister, he scored _20_ in every exam. The university that he applied to accepted him.【解题导语】本文是人物故事类记叙文。Justin在姐姐的鼓励和带动下，通过努力学习，改变了自己，考上了自己想去的大学。1A.hit BstudiedCpractised Dbreathed答案与解析：CJustin认为篮球是他走出去的唯一办法，所以他努力练习打篮球。hit“打击”；practise“练习”；breathe“呼
33、吸”。2A.pet Bguide Ccute Dwild答案与解析：D他努力练习打篮球，带着球跑，就像是野狗在追赶他一样。wild“野生的”符合语境。3A.top Bcourt Cback Dbeginning答案与解析：B在球场上，他能够打败所有的人。top“顶部”；court“球场”；beginning“开始”。4A.injured Bhugged Cbent Draised答案与解析：A根据第二段第二句可知，一天，当Justin练习打篮球的时候，他的右腿膝盖严重受伤。injure“使受伤”；hug“拥抱”；bend“压弯”；raise“抬起”。5A.alone Bagain Caroun
34、d Dwell答案与解析：B根据下文内容可知，此处指医生说他可能再也不能打篮球了。alone“独自”；again“再一次”；around“在周围”。6A.played Blay Cjumped Dtrained答案与解析：BJustin每天躺在床上，看电视、吃薯片。play“玩”；lie“躺”；jump“跳”；train“训练”。7A.stayed up Blooked up Cgrew up Dblew up答案与解析：D当他胖成气球一样的时候，他姐姐从大学里放假回家了。stay up“熬夜”；look up“向上看，改善”；grow up“长大”；blow up“给(某物)充气”，此处是其
35、引申含义。8A.tales Bchallenges Cdiscoveries Dpossibilities答案与解析：A姐姐给他带来了遥远的大学里那些令人兴奋的故事，下文中的dorm stories是其信息提示。tale“故事”；challenge“挑战”；discovery“发现”；possibility“可能性”。9A.amazed Bsatisfied Cannoyed Dscared答案与解析：A根据下文中的“but he could _11_ believe any of them”可知，Justin对于姐姐给他讲的那些大学宿舍里的故事以及校园里疯狂的事情感到很惊讶。amazed“大
36、为惊奇”；satisfied“满足的”；annoyed“恼怒”；scared“害怕，恐惧”。10A.stress Bcanteens Ccraziness Dnetworks答案与解析：C参见上题解析。stress“压力”；canteen“食堂”；craziness“疯狂”；network“网络”。11A.firmly Bhonestly Creally Dhardly答案与解析：D根据下文中的“It was as if. high above the clouds”可知，此处指他几乎不相信任何一个故事。firmly“坚定地”；honestly“诚实地”；really“真正地”；hardly“
37、几乎不”。12A.foreign Brich Cfantasy Dfreedom答案与解析：C好像她在给他讲述云层之上的梦幻大陆的事情。foreign“外国的”；rich“富裕的”；fantasy“幻想，想象”；freedom“自由”。13A.lazy Bstubborn Cregular Dwise答案与解析：B根据空后的“but his sister.that nobody else could”可知，Justin是一个很固执的人。lazy“懒惰的”；stubborn“固执的”；regular“定时的，经常的”；wise“明智的”。14A.getting Bpromising Cpermi
38、tting Dwarning答案与解析：A根据下文内容可知，此处应指Justin的姐姐有办法让他做别人让他做不了的事情。get sb.to do sth.“让某人做某事”，符合语境。15A.duty Btrial Cbreak Dstrike答案与解析：C根据上文中的“his sister came home from the university on holiday”可知，此处指她在回家休息期间。duty“义务，职责”；trial “试验，审判”；break“休息”；strike“罢工”。16A.weaker Bhealthier Cworse Dbetter答案与解析：D他们一起学习，一
39、起探讨，一起劳动，Justin感到从来没有这么好过。17A.years Bhours Cdecades Dweeks答案与解析：D根据常识并结合选项可知，此处指Justin与姐姐度过了数周(weeks)的假期。18A.used to Bought to Chad to Dgot to答案与解析：A以前篮球就是他的一切。used to“过去常常”；ought to“应该”；have to“不得不”；get to“有机会做”。19A.vacation Bvictory Cschool Dstrength答案与解析：C根据语境可知，此处应指Justin现在心里只有上学了。school“上学”，符合语境。vacation“假期”；victory“胜利”；strength“力量”。20A.much Bhigh Clittle Dlow答案与解析：B根据语境及文章最后一句可知，此处应指Justin在每门考试中都得分很高。