1、 09 语法填空Passage 1（2021黑龙江绥化市第一中学高二期末）In a recent survey, 19 percent of teenagers said that they _1_ (post) a comment online that they later regretted. The problem is that once something _2_(put) on the Internet, it can be difficult to delete. Even if youre able to do so, someone else _3_ (probable)
2、has already taken a picture of your post. In addition, the content _4_ (remove) from a Webpage can often be recovered._5_(post) negative comments or images online is certainly best avoided, but thats not the only thing you should consider _6_it comes to your online behavior. Experts say its also imp
3、ortant for young people to earn a positive Internet reputation. You can do this by sharing positive content about the things youre most interested _7_. This way, if someone runs a search on you, the results will show them the content you most want them to see.Managing an online reputation can be _8_
4、 (challenge). Remember that privacy (隐私）settings can be very helpful for this, so use them if theyre available. But most _9_ (importance), be careful about _10_ you shareyour future may depend on it.Passage 2（2022陕西咸阳高二期末）Yuan Longping, _11_ was globally famous for developing the first hybrid rice s
5、trains, passed away on May 22, 2021. As the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan had devoted his life to the research of hybrid rice, which helped China feed nearly one-fifth of the worlds population with _12_ (little) than 9 percent of the worlds total land.Yuan Longping was born into a poor family in 193
6、0. As a boy he _13_ (educate) in many schools and was given the nickname, “the student who asks questions”. From an early age he was so _14_ (interest) in plants that he chose _15_ (study) agriculture in college and graduated _16_ Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. As a _17_ (youth) teacher, he
7、 conducted a lot of experiments with different types of rice, and finally cultivated(培育) a special species of rice plant that could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.When _18_ (ask) about his
8、 dream, he said that he wanted to cultivate rice as plump(饱满的) _19_ peanuts, and farmers can relax in the cool shadow of big rice plants. We _20_ (memorize) him for his contributions forever.Passage 3（2022甘肃兰州高二期末）China has launched the core module (核心舱) of its new space station, _21_ milestone in B
9、eijings _22_ (ambition) plan to place a permanent human presence in space.The Tianhe or “Heavenly Harmony” unmanned core module, containing living quarters for three crew, _23_ (launch) from Wenchang in Chinas Hainan Province on a Long March 5B rocket on April, 29th. The space station is expected to
10、 become _24_(full) operational in 2022. At least 12 astronauts are training to fly to _25_ live in the station, including experienced people of previous flights.The live video _26_ CCTV showed that space program employees _27_(cheer) as the rocket powered its way through the atmosphere billowing fla
11、mes from the launch sites.Minutes after the launch, the fairing opened to expose the Tianhe atop the core stage of the rocket, with the characters for “China Manned Space” _28_ (decorate) on its exterior. Soon after, it separated from the rocket, _29_ would orbit for about a week before falling to E
12、arth.The country has come a long way since its first satellite in 1970. China has been a late starter when it comes to space _30_ (explore), but the nation always supports its space efforts.Passage 4（2022河南周口高二期末）International Nurses Day is observed every year on May 12th. The day honours nurses for
13、 their _31_ (commit) to medical health and service. The day also commemorates Florence Nightingales birth, _32_ is widely regarded as the founder of modern nursing. As the world _33_ (influence) by the deadly COVID-19, the healthcare workers have been working day and night to take care of _34_ (affe
14、ct) patients. Here are _35_ (many) details about International Nurses Day.Florence Nightingale was born on May 12th, 1820, and served _36_ a trainer of nurses during the Crimean War. During the War, she _37_ (manage) to care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople. Her contributions gave nursing a fa
15、vorable reputation. She became a symbol of Victorian culture, _38_ (especial) as “The Lady with the Lamp”, who visited wounded soldiers at night. She was also regarded as _39_ English reformer of modern nursing. She won the Royal Red Cross award in 1883 and Order of Merit award in 1907.International
16、 Nurses Day was first celebrated in 1965 to mark the importance of nurses all over the world and their contribution towards the healthcare system. The day honours the nurses and urges people _40_ (show) care and respect towards nurses.Passage 5（2022山西运城高二期末）Have you ever run _41_ a difficult financi
17、al situation? Are you struggling to make ends meet? Here are a few tips that may help you promote financial stability and prepare for the future.You need to ask your family for advice. Ask your family and friends to monitor your weekly financial records. If you have some debts to pay off, _42_ (make
18、) sure you have a schedule you can stick to. Create a budget and check it over every week to see how it is going and _43_ you can do to improve.You need to live below your means. Dont spend more than you make. And dont spend all the money. Find an apartment that both meets your needs and keeps you c
19、omfortable. _44_ (ideal), the rent shouldnt exceed 30% of your total income. If you need to, share an apartment with someone to save on rent.You need to value cash flow. You are advised to have adequate savings _45_ (go) through six months in case of _46_ (expect) financial difficulties. Maybe this
20、is not possible for you. However, you can try to keep a SWAN account-sleep well at night. Sounds nice, doesnt it? You need _47_ emergency fund no matter how high your credit card _48_ (bill) are. Pay near the minimum balance _49_ youve save enough to get a good nights sleep. Its up to you how much t
21、hat is, as long as you dont wake up _50_ (terrify).Passage 6（2021江西抚州高二期末）How do learning habits influence learning results? Its useful and necessary _51_ (discuss) learning habits. There is a famous _52_ (say) “Good habits lead to good endings”, _53_ shows the importance of habits. Thus, good learn
22、ing habits can help us gain great learning results including high _54_ (score)and abundant knowledge. Actually, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes _55_ the content of our learning. _56_ (obvious), a good habit can help us speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, develo
23、ping a good habit _57_ (be) so important that I would like to introduce on kind of god learning habits-keeping a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by writing learning summaries and remember to record something _58_ (impress) and meaningful. Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain t
24、his good learning habit and benefit from _59_.Whats more, I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, but I think I _60_ (overcome)this problem in the future. I think through my efforts. I can gain good learning results by having
25、 good habits.Passage 7（2021江西柳州高二期末）Youve finally thrown yourself into bed and opened a detective novel youve been waiting for all day. Three pages later, youre fighting a losing battle against two suddenly very heavy eyelids. You _61_ (be) wide awake a few minutes ago, and the hero just uncovered a
26、 promising new lead in the case. So, what is happening?As the BBCs Science Focus explains, the coziness (舒适度) of the environment you are in could be working against you. People usually try to read in a quiet, comfortable atmosphere, _62_ happens to be ideal for sleep. “For many, reading can be relax
27、ing and _63_ (enjoy). The main reason why reading may help some fall asleep is that_64_ allows your mind some time _65_ (relax) before turning out the lights to fall asleep,” said Dr. Raman Malhotra, a neurologist.The _66_(concentrate) required to process every word can be pretty _67_(exhaust), too,
28、 especially if your chosen volume is dense. And reading line after line of anything can make you feel like giving your eyes _68_ break.There are some _69_(trick) to help you stay awake while reading. It _70_(suggest) that reading in the morning, or trying an audiobook should be a wise choice. Readin
29、g in a public place like a coffee shop or park can also discourage dozing.Passage 8（2021河南新乡高二期末）Social cognition is the study of how people process social information, especially its encoding, storage, recall and _71_ (apply) to social situations. There has been much recent interest in the links be
30、tween social cognition and brain function, _72_ (particular) as so far, neuropsychological (神经心理学) studies _73_ (show) that brain injury can badly affect social judgement and interaction.People with certain mental illnesses _74_ (know) to show differences in how they process social information. Ther
31、e is now _75_ expanding research field _76_ (examine) how such conditions may bias (造成偏差) cognitive processes involved in social interaction, conversely, how such biases may lead to the symptoms associated with the condition. It is also becoming clear _77_ some aspects of psychological processes tha
32、t promote social behavior (such as face recognition) may be inborn.Studies have shown that newborn _78_ (baby), younger than one hour old can selectively recognize and respond _79_ faces, while people with some developmental disorders such as autism or Williams syndrome may show differences in socia
33、l interaction and social communication when _80_ (compare) to their unaffected peers.Passage 9（2022云南高二期末）Technology AddictionTell me if this sounds familiar. You wake up in the morning and immediately reach for your phone. You check for new emails and texts despite having no urgency to do so._81_（s
34、atisfy）that you havent missed any important messages, you log onto Facebook. You check to see whether your friends posted any updates while you were sleeping.Then its off to Tik Tok. You follow hundreds of friends, acquaintances, and celebrities. Surely someone has posted something worthy_82_（read）.
35、 Unfortunately, they havent.With nothing of interest_83_（happen）on social media, you visit your favorite news media sites to find out whats going on the world. After all, you dont want to miss the days major headlines.And so the morning_84_（progress）. From the moment you wake up_85_ youve thrown the
36、 first cup of coffee down your throat, your attention is dominated by technology. Texts, emails, social media, games, news headlines, blogs, and YouTube videos hold you captive in a vice-like grip.Worse, the rest of the day follows the same course. Your phone buzzes, _86_（signal）the arrival of a new
37、 text and you find yourself unable to resist checking it. You receive a notification in your browser that a new email has arrived and you immediately drop everything to read it. You visit Facebook, promising_87_ that youll only spend a few minutes, only_88_（surf）aimlessly for an hour.If you relate t
38、o the above circumstances, I have bad news. You_89_（addict）to technology. The good news is that youre not alone. Millions of people experience and act upon the same compulsions every single day. These are the reasons why its so easy to develop an addiction to technology. First, you have the necessar
39、y tools at your disposal 24 hours a day. Second, _90_ you use them, you stimulate your brains reward system over and over and over again. Under these circumstances, dependency and addiction are practically predictable conclusions.Passage 10（2022安徽高二期末）If was at the 2012 1SU World Figure Skating Cham
40、pionships that I first saw Japanese figure skater Hanyu Yuzuru. He was competing in free skating with a piece of music from Romeo and Juliet. I was_91_ (immediate) attracted to his incredible performance along with the expressive music.Yuzuru has been an_92_ (inspire) for me in my years as a senior
41、high school student. In his career so far: he_93_ (experience) innumerable difficulties and countless injuries. In 2014s ISU Grand Prix, he was badly hurt on the ice due to a collision. Even though he_94_ (bleed), he still insisted_95_ (compete) with no regrets. Whats more, in the 2018 Rostelecom Cu
42、p in Moscow. he couldnt even walk because of a problem with the ligament (韧带) in his right ankle. But he ended up winning the championship and then_96_(award) the gold medal.Yuzuru has always trained hard_97_the suffering from asthma (哮喘). He bravely overcomes obstacles so he can dance on the ice an
43、d live lifeo the fullest. From 2012 to 2021,I have been inspired by Yuzurus spirit,_98_has helped me push forward no matter what.When I face any problem that I think l cant handle in life, such as_99_ (burden) with homework or when my grades are sliding,I watch videos of Yuzuru skating over and over
44、 again in search or hope and perseverance. After all, he succeeded against so much_100_ (uncertain). So how could I not face my own problems?【答案】1had posted2is put#has been put3probably4removed5Posting6when7in8challenging9importantly10what【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述网络使用要注意安全。1考查动词时态。句意：在最近的一个调查里，19%的青少年说，他们在网
45、上上传过他们后来会感到后悔的评论。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查宾语从句的谓语动词。主句的谓语动词said是一般过去时，从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语之前，所以从句要用过去完成时。填had posted。2考查动词时态语态。句意：问题是，一旦一些东西被放在网上，就很难删除。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查once引导的条件状语从句的谓语动词，从句谓语是表示将来的动作，所以用一般现在时代替将来时；根据句子意思可知，从句谓语也可以表示将来完成的动作，所以也可以用现在完成时代替将来完成时。从句主语something和谓语动词put是动宾关系，所以要用被动结构；不定代词something做主语，谓语用第
46、三人称单数形式。故填is put/has been put。3考查副词。句意：即使你有能力这么做，其他人可能已经给你的帖子拍照了。修饰动词has taken需用副词作状语。故填probably。4考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，从网页上移除的内容通常可以被恢复。句子已有谓语动词can be recovered，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词content，二者是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表示被动的意思。故填removed。5考查非谓语动词。句意：在网上发布负面评论或图片当然最好是避免，但当说到你在网上的行为时，这并不是唯一应该考虑的事情。空处需用动名词作主语，表示经常性习惯性的动作
47、和状态。故填Posting。6考查连词。句意：见第5题详解。when it comes to.为固定句型，表示“当说到的时候”。故填when。7考查固定搭配。句意：你可以通过分享你最感兴趣的事情的积极内容来做到这一点。固定搭配be interested in，表示“对感兴趣”。故填in。8考查形容词。句意：管理网络名声会是有挑战的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做表语，表示“令人觉得有挑战的”意思，描述主语的特点和性质。故填challenging。9考查副词。句意：但是最重要的是，要小心你分享的东西你的未来可能要依赖它了。此处为副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填importantly。10
48、考查宾语从句。句意：见第9题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，介词about后面跟的是宾语从句，从句中缺少动词share的宾语，指物，所以连词要用what。故填what。11who12less13was educated14interested15to study16from17young18asked19as20will memorize【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科学家袁隆平的生平和他对农业的贡献。11考查定语从句的引导词。句意：袁隆平于2021年5月22日去世，他因培育出首个杂交水稻品种而闻名于世。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为Yuan Longping
49、，故填who。12考查形容词的比较级。句意：袁隆平一生致力于杂交水稻的研究，这项研究帮助中国用不到世界总人口9%的土地养活了将近世界五分之一的人口。设空处后为than，设空处应用比较级的形式。less than“少于”。故填less。13考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他在很多学校接受过教育，并且别人给他起的外号是“问问题的学生”。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语，根据“As a boy”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且主语he和动词educate(教育)是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was educated。14考查形容词。句意：从很小的时候起，他就对植
50、物非常感兴趣，以至于他选择在大学学习农业，并于1953年从西南农业大学毕业。设空处在句中作表语应用形容词的形式，此处指人，应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填interested。15考查非谓语动词。句意：从很小的时候起，他就对植物非常感兴趣，以至于他选择在大学学习农业，并于1953年从西南农业大学毕业。choose to do是固定搭配，表示“选择做某事”，应用to study作宾语，故填to study。16考查介词。句意：从很小的时候起，他就对植物非常感兴趣，以至于他选择在大学学习农业，并于1953年从西南农业大学毕业。graduate from是固定搭配，表示“从.毕业”，故填from。17
51、考查形容词。句意：作为一个年轻的教师，他进行了许多不同类型的水稻的实验，最后培育出一种特殊的水稻植物，它可以比原来的任何一种植物都有更高的产量。根据句意和空后的名词teacher(老师)可知，此处应该用形容词作定语，表示“年轻的”，故填young。18考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的梦想时，他说他想种植像花生一样丰饱满的水稻。本句为状语从句的省略，原句为：when he was asked about his dream。省略了he was。故填asked。19考查固定句型。句意见上题解析。as+adj/adv+as和.一样，结合句意。故填as。20考查动词的时态。句意：我们将永远记住他
52、的贡献。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语forever，可知句子的时态为一般将来时。故填will memorize。21a22ambitious23was launched24fully25and26from27were cheering28decorated29which30exploration【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了“天河”无人驾驶核心舱成功发射的相关消息。21考查冠词。句意：中国发射了新空间站的核心舱，这是北京将人类永久送入太空的雄心勃勃的计划中的一个里程碑。1 milestone是前面提到的“中国发射新空间站核心舱”事件的同位语。milestone是可数名词，该处表示“一
53、个里程碑”，应该用不定冠词，milestone是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。22考查形容词。句意：中国发射了新空间站的核心舱，这是北京将人类永久送入太空的雄心勃勃的计划中的一个里程碑。该空修饰名词plan，应该用形容词，表示“雄心勃勃的”，应该用形容词ambitious。故填ambitious。23考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：4月29日，“天河”无人驾驶核心舱由长征五号B型火箭从中国海南省文昌市发射升空。分析句子结构可知，The Tianhe or “Heavenly Harmony” unmanned core module是主语，该空作谓语。根据时间状语on April, 29
54、th可知，该句陈述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时态。主语和launch之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且主语为单数，根据主谓一致原则，应该填was launched。故填was launched。24考查副词。句意：空间站预计将于2022年全面投入使用。该空修饰形容词operational，应该用副词。故填fully。25考查连词。句意：至少有12名宇航员正在接受飞往国际空间站和在国际空间站生活的训练，其中包括以前有过飞行经验的人。fly to和live in并列，中间应该用连词and。故填and。26考查介词。句意：中央电视台的直播视频显示，当火箭从发射场喷出滚滚火焰时，太空项目的工作人
55、员欢呼雀跃。现场直播视频来自CCTV。表示“来自”，应该用介词from。故填from。27考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中央电视台的直播视频显示，当火箭从发射场喷出滚滚火焰时，太空项目的工作人员欢呼雀跃。space program employees作主语，该空作谓语。该句描述的是太空人员在“火箭从发射场喷出滚滚火焰时”这个过去的时间段里人们正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时态。主语是名词复数形式，根据主谓一致原则，该空应填were cheering。28考查非谓语动词。句意：发射几分钟后，整流罩打开，露出火箭核心级顶部的“天河号”，其外部装饰着“中国载人航天”的字样。该题考查“with+宾语+宾语补
56、足语”结构。the characters和decorate之间是被动关系，表被动，应该用过去分词。故填decorated。29考查定语从句。句意：不久之后，它与火箭分离，火箭将在轨道上运行一周左右，然后坠入地球。would orbit for about a week before falling to Earth是非限定性定语从句，先行词是the rocket，在从句中作主语，应该用which引导。故填which。30考查名词。句意：中国在太空探索方面起步较晚，但国家一直支持其太空努力。space 10 作介词to的宾语，应用名词。故填exploration。31commitment32wh
57、o33is influenced#is being influenced34affected35more36as37managed38especially39an40to show【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际护士节的来历。31考查名词。句意：这一天表彰护士对医疗健康和服务的承诺。their为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词。故填commitment。32考查定语从句。句意：这一天也是为了纪念弗洛伦斯南丁格尔的诞生，她被广泛认为是现代护理学的创始人。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Florence Nightingale，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。33
58、考查动词时态语态。句意：随着世界都受到了致命疾病COVID-19的影响，医护人员夜以继日地工作来照顾受影响的病人。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时或者描述现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语the world和influence为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is influenced/is being influenced。34考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，patients和affect为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填affected。35考查形容词比较级。句意：以下是关于国际护士节的更多细节。此处需填形容词作定语
59、，表示“更多的”需用形容词比较级more。故填more。36考查固定短语。句意：弗洛伦斯南丁格尔生于1820年5月12日，在克里米亚战争期间担任护士培训师。serve as为固定短语，意为“担任”。故填as。37考查动词时态。句意：战争期间，她在君士坦丁堡照顾受伤的士兵。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填managed。38考查副词。句意：她成为维多利亚文化的象征，尤其是作为“提灯女士”，她在夜间看望受伤的士兵。空处需填副词作状语，修饰介词短语。故填especially。39考查冠词。句意：她也被认为是英国现代护理的改革家。reformer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且English发
60、音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。40考查非谓语动词。句意：该节日是为了纪念护士，并敦促人们对护士表现出关心和尊重。urge sb. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“敦促某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to show。41into42make43what44Ideally45to go46unexpected47an48bills49until#till50terrified【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了一些建议，帮助促进财务稳定，为未来做准备。41考查介词。句意：你曾经遇到过财政困难吗？run into“遇到（困难等）”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填i
61、nto。42考查祈使句。句意：如果你有一些债务要偿还，确保你有一个你可以坚持的时间表。分析句子可知，此处主句为祈使句，应用动词原形开头。故填make。43考查名词性从句引导词。句意：制定一个预算，每周检查它，看看它是如何进行的，以及你可以做些什么来改进。分析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作动词do的宾语。故填what。44考查副词。句意：理想情况下，租金不应超过你总收入的30%。修饰整个句子应用副词，句首字母大写，故填Ideally。45考查非谓语动词。句意：你应备有足够的存款，以应付六个月的开支，以备不时之需。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“
62、为了”。故填to go。46考查形容词。句意：你应备有足够的存款，以应付六个月的开支，以备不时之需。根据后文名词短语financial difficulties可知，此处应用expect的过去分词转化的形容词expected的反义词unexpected“始料不及的，未预料到的”作定语修饰名词，符合句意。故填unexpected。47考查冠词。句意：不管你的信用卡账单有多高，你都需要一个应急基金。fund“基金”是可数名词，此处为单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，所连接的单词emergency发音以元音音素开头，故填an。48考查名词复数。句意：不管你的信用卡账单有多高，你都需要一个应急基金。根据
63、后文are可知，此处可数名词bill应用复数形式。故填bills。49考查连词。句意：直到你存够钱可以高枕无忧为止。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到存钱足够多，多到可以高枕无忧为止”，until或till意为“到为止”，符合句意。故填until/till。50考查形容词。句意：多少钱由你决定，只要你醒来时不担惊受怕就行。根据句意可知，此处应用由动词terrify派生的-ed形容词terrified作伴随状语，表明主语you的状态。故填terrified。51to discuss52saying53which54scores55to#towards56Obviously57is58impressiv
64、e59it60will overcome【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了养成学习习惯的好处，以及形成良好学习习惯的方法。51考查非谓语动词。句意：讨论学习习惯是有用和必要的。It is adj.+to do为固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。故填to discuss。52考查名词。句意：有一句名言“好习惯导致好结果”，这表明了习惯的重要性。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词saying，表示“名言，谚语”。故填saying。53考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是saying，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。5
65、4考查名词。句意：因此，良好的学习习惯可以帮助我们获得良好的学习效果，包括高分和丰富的知识。score为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填scores。55考查介词。句意：事实上，学习习惯形成了我们对学习内容的思维方式和态度。attitude to/towards是固定搭配，表示“对的态度”。故填to/towards。56考查副词。句意：显然，一个好习惯可以帮助我们加速到达目的地。此处需填副词obviously修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Obviously。57考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：正如我们所看到的，养成一个好习惯是如此重要，所以我想介绍一种学
66、习习惯每天保持学习日记。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语developing a good habit，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。58考查形容词。句意：我们可以从写学习总结开始，并记住记录一些令人印象深刻和有意义的东西。修饰不定代词something需用形容词impressive作后置定语。故填impressive。59考查代词。句意：把它记在心里，渐渐地我们就能养成这种良好的学习习惯，并从中受益。此处用it指代本句前面的this good learning habit，作宾语。故填it。60考查动词时态。句意：我只能集中精力阅读一小段时间，但我想我将在未来克服
67、这个问题。根据时间状语“in the future”可知，此处使用一般将来时。故填will overcome。61were62which63enjoyable64it65to relax66concentration67exhausting68a69tricks70is suggested【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为什么拿起一本书你就会感到困倦？【详解】1. 考查动词时态。句意：几分钟以前，你完全醒着，在案例中的主角刚刚发现一点新的有希望的线索。此处缺乏谓语，根据横线后方 a few minutes ago和uncovered的提示可知，此处应用过去式。故填were。2. 考查定语从句
68、。句意：人们常常在一个安静的，舒适的环境中阅读，这碰巧是一个理想的睡眠环境。空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词a quiet, comfortable atmosphere，指物，在定语从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which。故填which。3. 考查形容词。句意：对于许多人来说，阅读可能是放松的，令人愉快的。根据形容词relaxing可知，空格处的词要用形容词作表语。故填enjoyable。 4. 考查代词。句意：阅读有助于深度睡眠是由于它允许你的大脑在睡前放松一段时间。it 指代 reading。故填it。5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读有助于深度睡眠是由于它允许你的大脑在睡前放松一段时间。根
69、据allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事)，此处用动词不定式。故填to relax。 6. 考查名词。句意：处理每一个单词所需的专注度也会让人精疲力竭，尤其是当你选择的书卷很大的时候。此处抽象名词做主语。故填concentration。7. 考查形容词。句意：处理每一个单词所需的专注度也会让人精疲力竭，尤其是当你选择的书卷很大的时候。空格处是表语，要用形容词，修饰物concentration，用修饰形容物的-ing形容词exhausting。故填exhausting。 8. 考查冠词。句意：阅读一行又一行可能使你想要给眼睛放松一下。根据 give . a break(使放松
70、)。故填a。9.考查名词单复数。句意：阅读时，有许多方法可帮助你清醒。trick可数名词，根据some可知，此处需要复数名词。故填tricks。10. 考查时态和固定句型。句意：建议在早晨阅读或者尝试有声读物也是一种明智的选择。此处缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，固定句型It is suggested that. (建议)。故填is suggested。71application72particularly73have shown#have showed74are known75an76examining77that78babies79to80compared【解析】这是一篇说明文。文
71、章主要指出了社会认知是研究人们如何处理社会信息，尤其是其编码、存储、回忆和在社会情境中的应用。71考查名词。句意：社会认知是研究人们如何处理社会信息，尤其是其编码、存储、回忆和在社会情境中的应用。并列连词and前是抽象名词，故and后也应是抽象名词。故填application。72考查副词。句意：最近，人们对社会认知和大脑功能之间的联系产生了很大兴趣，尤其是到目前为止，神经心理学研究表明，脑损伤会严重影响社会判断和互动。副词作状语可以修饰整个句子。故填particularly。73考查时态。句意：最近，人们对社会认知和大脑功能之间的联系产生了很大兴趣，尤其是到目前为止，神经心理学研究表明，脑损
72、伤会严重影响社会判断和互动。时间状语so far“到目前为止”，句子的谓语用现在完成时，又因句子的主语是neuropsychological studies，根据主谓一致原则，故用have done。故填have shown/have showed。74考查时态和语态。句意：众所周知，患有某些精神疾病的人在处理社会信息的方式上存在差异。此处缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，句子的主语People with certain mental illnesses与konw是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，根据主谓一致原则。故填are known。75考查冠词。句意：现在有一个不断扩大的研究领域
73、，研究这种情况如何会使社会互动中的认知过程产生偏差，反之，这种偏差如何会导致与这种情况相关的症状。research field为名词短语，此处表示泛指，expanding 发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。76考查非谓语。句意：现在有一个不断扩大的研究领域，研究这种情况如何会使社会互动中的认知过程产生偏差，反之，这种偏差如何会导致与这种情况相关的症状。本句已有系动词is且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，动词examine与其逻辑主语 research field 是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填examining。77考查主语从句。句意：人们也越来越清楚，某些促进社会行为的心理过
74、程(如面部识别)可能是与生俱来的。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，空后的句子成分完整，故用that来引导主语从句。故填that。78考查名词。句意：研究表明，不到一个小时的新生婴儿可以选择性地识别并对面孔做出反应，而患有一些发育障碍的人，如自闭症或威廉姆斯综合症，与未受影响的同龄人相比，可能会在社会互动和社会沟通方面表现出差异。baby“婴儿”是可数名词，空前无冠词，所以应使用其复数babies表泛指。故填babies。79考查介词。句意：研究表明，不到一个小时的新生婴儿可以选择性地识别并对面孔做出反应，而患有一些发育障碍的人，如自闭症或威廉姆斯综合症，与未受影响的同龄人相比，可能会在社会互
75、动和社会沟通方面表现出差异。固定搭配respond to“对反应”，根据句意，故填to。80考查状语从句的省略。句意：研究表明，不到一个小时的新生婴儿可以选择性地识别并对面孔做出反应，而患有一些发育障碍的人，如自闭症或威廉姆斯综合症，与未受影响的同龄人相比，可能会在社会互动和社会沟通方面表现出差异。固定搭配be compared to“与相提并论”，compare的逻辑主语是主句的主语 people with some developmental disorders such as autism or Williams syndrome ，又因当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it
76、)，且从句的谓语中包含be动词的某种形式，在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词，保留be动词之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。主语和 be 动词常常被省略，就变成“when + V-ing/ V-ed/ adj/ 介词词组”的结构。故填compared。81To satisfy82to be read#of being read83happening84progresses85to86signalling87yourself88to surf89are addicted90when【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“对科技上瘾”这一现象。81考查形容词。句意：为
77、了确保你没有错过任何重要信息，你登录Facebook。此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填To satisfy。82考查固定搭配。句意：当然，有人发布的东西值得一读。be worthy to be done或be worthy of being done，某物值得（被），故填to be read或of being read。83考查现在分词。句意：在社交媒体上没有什么有趣的事情发生的情况下，你可以访问你最喜欢的新闻媒体网站，了解世界上发生了什么。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，nothing of interest 与happen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填happ
78、ening。84考查时态和语态。句意：早晨就是这样度过的。文章的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是单数，主谓一致，故填progresses。85考查介词。句意：从你醒来的那一刻起，到你喝第一杯咖啡的那一刻，你的注意力就集中在科技上。from.to.从到，故填to。86考查现在分词。句意：你的手机嗡嗡作响，表明有新短信进来，你发现自己忍不住去查看。此处为非谓语动词作状语，phone与signal之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填signalling。87考查反身代词。句意：你访问Facebook，向自己保证只看几分钟，结果却漫无目的地刷了一个小时。根据句意“向你自己保证只看几分钟”可知用反
79、身代词yourself作宾语，故填yourself。88考查不定式。句意同上，此处表示一种意外的结果，用不定式作结果状语，故填to surf。89考查固定短语和时态。句意：你对科技上瘾。be addicted to对上瘾，文章的基础时态为一般现在时，故填are addicted。90考查状语从句。句意：其次，当你使用它们时，你会一次又一次地刺激大脑的奖励系统。根据句意，此处表示“当时”，用when引导时间状语从句，故填when。91immediately92inspiration93has experienced94was bleeding95competing96was awarded97d
80、espite98which99being burdened100uncertainty【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了日本花样滑冰选手羽生结弦的经历激励着作者面对自己的问题。91考查副词。句意：我立刻被他令人难以置信的表演和富有表现力的音乐所吸引。修饰动词短语was attached to需用副词作状语。故填immediately。92考查名词。句意：当我还是高中生的时候，Yuzuru一直激励着我。不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词inspiration作宾语。故填inspiration。93考查动词时态。句意：在他迄今为止的职业生涯中，他经历了无数的困难和无数的伤痛。根据时间状
81、语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为he，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has experienced。94考查动词时态。句意：尽管他流血不止，但他仍然无怨无悔地坚持比赛。根据“insisted”可知，此处为过去的时态，结合语境可知，此处表示“血一直在流”，使用过去进行时，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was bleeding。95考查非谓语动词。句意同上。insist doing sth.为固定用法，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填competing。96考查动词时态语态。句意：但他最终赢得了冠军，并获得了金牌。根据“ended up”可知，此处使用一般过去时，he和award
82、为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为he，助动词用was。故填was awarded。97考查介词。句意：尽管患有哮喘，Yuzuru一直刻苦训练。上下文之间是转折关系，此处表示“尽管”，且后面是名词，需用介词despite。故填despite。98考查定语从句。句意：从2012年到2021年，我一直被羽生的精神所激励，无论发生什么事情，它都帮助我勇往直前。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。99考查非谓语动词。句意：当我在生活中遇到任何我认为自己无法处理的问题时，比如家庭作业的负担或成绩下滑时，我就会一遍又一遍地看Yuzuru滑冰的视频，以寻求或希望和毅力。be burdened with为固定短语，意为“加以的重担”，位于介词as后面，需用动名词作宾语。故填being burdened。100考查名词。句意：毕竟，他成功地克服了如此多的不确定性。空处需填名词uncertainty作宾语。故填uncertainty。